谈茶园文化旅游景区英文标识语的翻译
4. 旅游景区景点景点标识翻译
Yongle Temple
Xuanmiao Temple
Pagoda
Stupa / Dagaba
Tower
Radio and TV Tower
Student Tickets
Sightseeing Buses
Oil Paintings
Cable Car
Ski Lift
Landscape / Scenery
园; 阙; 苑
Garden
47
公园; 综合公园
Park
48
城市公园
City Park / Urban Park
49
民俗园
Folklore Park
50
民族风情园
Ethnic Culture Park
51
地质公园
Geopark
52
湿地公园
Wetland Park
53
雕塑公园
Sculpture Park
泛指 特指一处遗产
68
中国优秀旅游城市
Top Tourist City of China
69
爱国主义教育基地
Patriotism Education Base
70
名胜古迹
Scenic Spots and Historical Sites
泛指多处景点
71
国家级文物保护单位
National Cultural Heritage Site
教堂
Church / Cathedral
62
廊〔长廊〕
Corridor
63
陵; 墓
Tomb / Mausoleum
64
陵园; 墓园
Cemetery
旅游景区汉英公示语的meiyong
Chapter Two Literature ReviewBefore a thorough review of literature available on the topic, let’s examine two examples, 1) 爱护文物,人人有责 (The Great Wall, App 1)A: Everybody should protect cultural relics.B: Please help to protect the cultural relics.2) 美景深藏蔚竹庵 (Mount Laoshan, App 2)A: Beautiful sights are hidden in the Weizhu Nunnery.B: For beautiful sight, please come to Weizhu Nunnery.Example 1) is a public sign at Badaling. Example 2) is a public sign in the Mount Laoshan in Qingdao. The first example calls for travelers to protect the cultural relics; the second advices travelers to visit the sight. Version A of both examples may be proper if they are used elsewhere. However in scenic spots, they are not regarded as quite satisfactory. Version As did not arouse enough attention of target readers (foreign travelers). That is they fail to exert the same effect on a target reader as the original (source text) on a source text reader (Chinese traveler). Although version Bs are different from the original in sentence structure and tone, they read more attractive. And they almost have the same functions as that of the source text. According to different purposes, the above two examples can be translated in different ways. English public signs in scenic spots are in the service of target readers. Their reaction should be taken into prime consideration. Translations in functional approach can best serve target readers. So the functional approach to translation is the key theory discussed in this thesis.2.1 Review of the Functional ApproachChristiane Nord defines “functionalism” as follows,Functionalism is a broad term for various theories that approach translation in this way. Although what will call Skopostheorie has played a major role in the development of this trend; a number of scholars subscribe to functionalism and draw inspiration from Skopostheorie without calling them anything like “skopos”. We shall thus be looking at functionalism as a broad approach, trying to distinguish between its parts wherever possibleand necessary (Nord, 2001: 1)From what Nord defines in her book, we may understand that functionalism is a broad concept, pooling together a variety of scholars and theirs approaches to translation. Functional approach includes the German school with Katharina Reiss as the founder, British scholar Peter Newmark and his semantic vs. communicative translation as well as American scholar Eugene. A. Nida and his functional equivalence.In the German school the best known names are Katharina Reiss, Hans J. Vermeer and Christiane Nord. As founder of Skopostheorie, Reiss first established a general relationship between translation strategies and text functions. Reiss’s student Vermeer put forward the concept of Skopostheorie. He defines that every translation is directed at an intended audience, since to translate means “to produce a text in a target setting for a target purpose and target addressees in target circumstances”. (Nord, 2001: 12). Later on Nord put forward the rule of “Function plus Loyalty” with regard to the limitation of Skopostheorie and the problems of radical functionalism.Peter Newmark suggests three main textual functions: informative, expressive and vocative. Different text types require different translation strategies. Semantic translation is used for expressive texts; communicative translation is used for informative and vocative texts. Of vocative texts he put forward the focus of translation is the readership. In translating informative and vocative texts, the translator is supposed to produce a version which is readily acceptable and comprehensible to the readership both in content and language and he /she is justified to improve the original text if it is poorly translated. (Newmark, 1981: 42) This provides useful guidelines for the translation of public signs, which fall in to the categories of informative and vocative texts.According to Eugene Nida, the governing principle of dynamic equivalence is to “reproduce in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language, first in terms of meaning, and secondly in terms of style” (Nida and Taber, 2004: 12) He explains it is essential that the target text functions in the same manner as the source text. The target readers are able to respond to it in substantially the same manner as the source text readers respond to the original text.In the following passages, the German school and Peter Newmark’s theory would bediscussed in detail.2.2 The Functional Approach2.2.1 Katharina Reiss and Her Text Typology TheoryIn 1971, Reiss in her book Possibilities and Limits of Translation Criticism developed a model of translation criticism based on the functional relationship between source and target texts. To her target text should be equivalent to source text in terms of conceptual content, linguistic form and communicative function. From this point we can see that she still took equivalence as the basis. However, in practice “she knew that real life presents situations where equivalence is not possible and in some cases, not even desired. (Nord, 2001: 9) Especially, when the target is intended to achieve a purpose or function other than that of the original. “In such a situation, she thinks that the functional perspective takes precedence over the normal standards of equivalence. Then translation critic can no longer rely on features derived from source-text analysis but has to judge whether the target text is functional in terms of the translation context”. (Nord, 2001: 9)Reiss is also aware that it is the overall text type, rather than the subdivisions that decide the type of equivalence to be sought and the translation strategy to be followed. If the text function is to provide information, then content must be preserved at all cost, and any “flourishes of style” can safely be sacrificed to that purpose, so that the translation method will be “plain-prose”. When there is a conflict between the functions of the ST and the TT, Reiss uses an “author-adapted” translation method to produce the same or at least a similar effect.She further divides text into three main types as content-focused text, form-focused text and appeal-focused text. Reiss generalizes her typology theory in the following form, (Reiss, 2000: 26)language function representation expression persuasion language dimension logic esthetics dialoguetext type content-focused(informative) form-focused(expressive)appeal-focused(operative)Content-focused text emphasizes content and the form is comparatively less important. When such a text is translated, the original information should be retained as intact as possible and the linguistic form of the translation should be adjusted to the target language conventions. For expressive text, form plays a vital role. Authors of form-focused texts such as literary prose and poetry often employ some formal elements to attain the original aesthetic effect. They should use similar form in translation to produce corresponding impression. The third type is appeal-focused text. This type intends convey information or provoke certain reaction. The translation must undergo certain adaptation to match the target language and the target culture.However there is not a pure informative, expressive or persuasive text. Reiss states that “…a further point should be clarified. If we draw a distinction between content-focused and from-focused text, this is not to imply that content-focused text do not have a form. Just as there can be no form of communication without some kind of content, there can be no kind of content that does not have some form.” (Reiss, 2000: 28) This is quite applicable for C-E translation of public signs which fall somewhere between informative and evocative (operative) text.Reiss’s text typology shed light on C-E translation of public signs. As one of foreign publicity material, public signs are classified as both the informative and evocative (operative) texts. Typology theory is particular valuable for the translators of public signs. They are encouraged to shift from the locking chains imposed by source text. The translators can hold a balance while selecting appropriate strategies to cope with various translation problems.2.2.2 Hans. J. Vermeer and His SkopostheorieSkopos is a Greek word for ‘purpose’. According to Skopostheorie, the prime principle determining any translation process is the purpose (skopos) of the overall translation action. (Nord, 2001: 27)Skopostheorie first assumes that translation must be a purposeful human activity. The purpose has three explanations: the translator’s purpose; the communicative purpose of the translated text; and the purpose to reach by exploiting certain special translation method. Usually the communicative purpose is the main purpose of the translated text.Skopostheorie also defines an intratextual coherence and intertextual coherence. Intratextual coherence implies a translation should be acceptable when it is coherent with the norms of the target culture. A communicative interaction can only be regarded successful if the receivers interpret it as being sufficiently coherent with their situation. (Nord, 2001: 32) For intertextual coherence, a translation is expected to bear some kind of relationship with the corresponding source text. Intertexual coherence should exit between source and target text. (Nord, 2001: 32) Intertextual coherence is considered subordinate to intratextual coherence and both are subordinate to the skopos rule. (Nord, 2001: 33)The theory prescribes a mode of thinking that will allow the translator to explore new approaches to the task of producing a successful target text. The theory particularly emphasizes target-orientation of translation. And it also stresses the translation situation which always determines the translation strategies to be used.This rule is intended to solve the eternal dilemmas of free vs. faithful translation, dynamic vs. formal equivalence, good interpreters vs. slavish translators and so on. It means that the skopos of a particular translation task may require a ‘free’ or a ‘faithful’ translation, or anything between these two extremes, depending on the purpose for which the translation is needed. (Nord, 2001: 29)Skopostheorie bears on C-E translation of public signs. Nord points out that “a text is made meaningful by its receiver and for its receiver.” (Nord, 2001: 31) The reaction of target readers’ should be taken into prime consideration. That is translation of public signs should be target-reader oriented.2.2.3 Christiane Nord and Her “Functions plus Loyalty”Christiane Nord further develops functional theory in the early 1990s and puts forward a rule of “Functions plus Loyalty”.Nord indicates that “My personal version of the functionalist approach stands on two pillars: function plus loyalty. Function refers to the factors that make a target text work in the intended way in the target situation. Loyalty refers to the interpersonal relationship between the translator, the source-text sender, the target-text addresses and the initiator. (Nord, 2001: 126). She holds that the translator should be responsible bilaterally for the target reader aswell as the original author. The translator should respect the source text producer and try to adjust the purpose of the target text and the source text author’s intention. The notion of loyalty not only means conveying the content and style of the source text, but also proposes necessary adaptation based on the source text in order to achieve the intended function of the target text, such as in the case of pragmatic translation. (Chen Xiaowei, 2006: 17) The principle of loyalty limits the range of justifiable target-text functions for one particular source text and raises the need for a negotiation of the translation assignment between translators and their clients. (Nord, 2001: 126). Thus the loyalty principle reduces the probability of “radical” functionalism. It is also an answer to those critics who argue that the functional approach leaves translators free to do whatever they like with any source text.The combination of function plus loyalty further improved the Skopostheorie. It grants translators some liberty in the translation process to achieve the intended function of the target text. Meanwhile it also keeps them from going far away from the original author’s intention. Moreover, Nord also proposes her documentary and instrumental translation. Documentary translation and instrumental translation are different in their emphasis on the source text and the target text. The former focused on source text, translators try to keep the language features or culture of the source text in the translated version, so this strategy is used with the classic works or serious literature. The latter resembles domestication translation, which produces equivalent effect by cultural adaptation; the target readers generally can not feel the text is a translation. The criterion for judging whether it is documentary or instrumental translation is that “the target audience is supposed to be aware or not they are reading a translation” (Nord, 2001: 50)According to Nord’s theory, translators of Chinese public signs should always bear in mind the priority of target text readers. Public signs should be translated according to the specific target functions. However it does not mean that translators have the right to change the functions at will. Any translation, regardless of its different specific purposes, should be based on the source texts.2.3 Peter Newmark and His Semantic vs. Communicative TranslationPeter Newmark’s major contribution to functionalism is his semantic translation versuscommunicative translation. “Communicative translation attempts to produce on its readers an effect as close as possible to that obtained on the readers of the original. Semantic translation attempts to render, as closely as the semantic and syntactic structures of the second language allow, the exact contextual meaning of the original” (Newmark: 1981: 39)It is quite obvious that communicative translation focuses on producing similar effect on the target readers. On the contrary, semantic translation remains within the original language convention and culture. He proposes that semantic translation is used for expressive texts and communicative translation for informative and vocative texts. That is in translating expressive texts, the expressive components should be rendered completely, original culture tend to be transferred intact and even badly and/or inaccurately written passages must remain so. However, for informative and vocative texts, the translator should focus on the accuracy of message and the main function of the source text, trying to produce an equivalent effect on target readers.He also proposes that different texts require different translation criteria and methods. He points out that for informative and vocative text the core is the accuracy of information and the readership. Accessibility and comprehensibility of the translation is very important as the reader does not anticipate difficulties or obscurities and would expect a generous transfer of foreign elements into his own culture as well as his language where necessary. (Newmark, 1981: 39)Peter Newmark’s theory also shed light on C-E translation of public signs. The translator is supposed to use language forms which read naturally to the target reader and he/she is entitled to improve the original text if it is badly and/or inaccurately written. Public signs should not be translated mechanically without an eye to the effect of the target texts on the target readers. Newmark’s semantic vs. communicative translation share some similarities with Nord’s documentary vs. instrumental translation. Semantic and documentary translations remain with the original linguistic and cultural conventions, while communicative and instrumental translations are target language oriented. But their difference is also quiet obvious. Nord holds that the skopos of the translation determines the choice of translation strategies, while Newmark proposes that the choice of translation methods is determined by the source text. However in translation practice, the methods of translation are not determined by the functionof the source text, but that of the target text. Very frequently the translation involves substantial adaptation of the source text in order to achieve the intended function of the target text.2.4 Enlightenments of the Functional Approach on C-E Translation of Public SignsAccording to Newmark’s typology (Newmark, 1981: 15), the features of public signs can be summarized from the functionalist point of view in the following graph.Functional analysis of Chinese public sings and English public signsNotes:1. Cpb: Chinese public signs; Epb: English public signs2. Culture, “low” means there are not many culture elements in public signs.3. Politeness, “low” means the public signs which do not read polite.The above graph gives us a general idea of the features of Chinese public signs and English public signs from the functional approach. Chinese public signs and English public signs are both in the service of their respective target readers. For most public signs, the source text and the target text share the same functions, informative, evocative or a combination of the two. There are other public signs: the function of the target text is different from that of the source text. An evocative public sign may be translated into an informative one or vice versa.This is because Chinese and English are different in language conventions and cultural traditions. Chinese public signs and English public signs differ in the ways they appeal to their respective readers. The source text readers (Chinese travelers) are prone to be affected by flowery expressions; while the target readers (foreign travelers) prefer more concrete information.Chinese public signs are therefore more descriptive. The language used is ornate and figurative, containing many flowery expressions like idioms or poems or quotations of famous persons’ remarks. English public signs are more informative. They read simple and concise. The language is plain and factual. When translating Chinese public signs into English, translators are usually required to apply various translation strategies, such as literal or liberal translation or adaptation.The main point of Skopostheorie is: it is the prospective function or skopos of the target text, not the source text that determines the translation process. Translators of public signs should apply various translation strategies in order to produce a version that will arouse the same effect on target text readers as that of the source text does on the source text readers.2.5 SummaryIn this part the writer discusses functional approach and its enlightenments on C-E translation of public signs. Reiss’s typology, Vermeer’s Skopostheorie, Nord’s function plus loyalty and Newmark’s semantic vs. communicative translation are the key theories involved in this chapter. According to the functional approach, it is the intended function of the target text that determines the overall translation process including the selection of translation strategies. The source text can’t be neglected either, as it serves as the main source of information. Translators of public signs should be aware of the status of target text readers. And the translations should always fulfill the need of target readers. The following chapter further explores the features and functions of public signs, giving us an insight on how functional approach applied to C-E translation in this area.Chapter Three A Functional Analysis of Public Signsin Scenic SpotsThe functional approach fits better in public signs translation as discussed in the previous chapter. The definition of a public sign, its categorization and the features are mainly discussed in the following paragraphs from the functional perspective.3.1 Definitions of Public SignsPublic signs are also called public notices, slogans, the languages of public notices, expressions on public signs.According to Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English1a sign is “a piece of paper, metal etc. in a public place with words or drawings on it that gives people information, warn them not to do something etc. e.g. a road sign, a no-smoking sign.”A Pubic sign can be defined as a piece of paper, metal or billboard in a public place with words or drawings on it that provides information or arouse people’s attention.The counterparts of public signs in Chinese are: 公示语、标志、标示语、告示语、标语、标牌语、标识. The most widely used one is “公示语”.Public signs and other related definitions in Chinese are as follows,1) 标语:用简短的文字写出的具有宣传鼓动作用的口号。
旅游景区里的英语标志
景区景点双语标识的英文译法1严禁攀登No Climbing2严禁倚靠Stand Clear/No Leaning3严禁攀折No Picking5严禁携带宠物No Pets Allowed6严禁中途下车No Drop Off between Stops9禁止排放污水No Waste Water Discharge10禁止无照经营No Unlicensed Vendors12禁止燃放烟花爆竹No Fireworks Allowed/Fireworks Prohibited13禁止携带易燃易爆物品Inflammables&ExplosivesStrictlyProhibited14禁止速降Downhill Skiing Prohibited15禁止雪道中间停留Don’t Stop on Ski Slope16禁止由此滑行No Skiing Here17禁止开窗Keep Windows Closed/Don’t Open Windows18非机动车禁止入内Motor Vehicles Only19雷雨天禁止拨打手机CellphonesProhibitedduringThunderstorms20卧床请勿吸烟Don’t Smoke in Bed21殿内请勿燃香Don’t Burn Incense in the Hall22高血压、心脏病患者以及晕车、晕船、酗酒请勿乘坐Drunks,suffersofhypertension,heartdiseandmotionsicknessnotallowed on board.23防洪通道,请勿占用Flood Control Channel. Keep Clear!24非游览区,请勿进入No Admittance/No Visitors26酒后不能上船Thoseundertheinfluenceofalcoholnotallowed.27请抬起护栏Please Raise the Guardrail28请放下护栏Please Lower the Guardrail29请您不要坐在护栏上边Don’t Sit on Guardrail30前方弯路慢行Bend Ahead. Slow Down!31请自觉维护场内卫生环境PleaseKeeptheAreaClean/PleaseDon’t Litter32请遵守场内秩序Please Keep Order33请您注意上方Watch Your Head34请在台阶下等候Please Stand Clear of the Steps35请您不要随意移动隔离墩Don’t Move Barriers36请您穿好救生衣Please Wear Life Vest37请爱护洞内景观Please Help to Protect the Cave Scenery38请沿此路上山Climbing Route/To the Top↗39请勿投食Don’t Feed the Animals40请勿惊吓动物Don’t Frighten the Animals41请勿拍打玻璃Don’t Tap on the Glass42请勿将手臂伸出车外Keep Arms inside Carriage43请按顺序出入Please Line Up44请爱请护林木Please Protect the Trees45请保护古树Please Protect Heritage Trees46请保护古迹Please Protect Historic Sites47请爱护景区设施Please Protect Facilities48请爱护文物/保护文物Please Protect Cultural Relics 49请尊重少数民族习俗Please Respect Ethnic Customs 50参观路线Visitor Route51门票价格/票价Ticket Price52危险路段Dangerous Area53游客须知/游园须知Notice to Visitors54景区简介Introduction55单行线One Way56敬告Attention57当日使用,逾期作废Use on Day of Issue Only58凭票入场Ticket Holders Only59团队入口Group Tour Entrance60缆车入口Cable Car Entrance61临时出口Temporary Exit62火警出口Fire Exit63月票Monthly Ticket64年票Annual Ticket65优惠办法Discount66淡季时间Low Season/Off Season67旺季时间High Season/Peak Season68集体票Group Tour Tickets69允许拍照留念Photos Allowed70票已售完Sold Out71票已售出,概不退换No Refund. No Exchange72开放时间Open Hours/Business Hours73系好安全带Fasten Safety Belt74开园时间Opening Time75闭园时间Closing Time76表演时间Show Time77展板Display Boards78布告栏Bulletin79游客投诉电话Complaints Hotline81游客报警电话(110)Police Call 11082示意图(导游图)Sketch Map83游览图Tourist Map84有佛事活动,请绕行Detour. Buddhist Ceremony in Progress.85风力较大勿燃香,请敬香Windy. No Incense Burning!86内部施工,暂停开放Under Construction. Temporarily Closed.871."2米以下儿童免票Free for Children under1."2 Meters88原路返回Please Return by the Way You Came 89二十四小时营业24-Hour ServiceA.2功能设施信息1售票处Ticket Office/Tickets2游客中心Tourist Center3客房部Guest Room Department4游船码头Cruise Terminal5办公区Administrative Area6公园管理处Park Administrative Office7广播室Broadcasting Room8游船Sightseeing Boat9索道Cableway10缆车Cable Car11拱桥Arch Bridge12展览馆/陈列馆Exhibition Hall/Exhibition Center 13陈列室Exhibition Room/Display Room14展区Exhibition Area/Display Area15展厅Exhibition Hall/Display Hall16故居Former Residence17团体接待Group Tour18休息处Lounge19导游处Guide Service20表演区Performance Area21游乐场/游乐园Amusement Park22儿童游乐场/儿童乐园Children’s Playground 23民族歌舞Folk Dances24手工艺展示Handicraft Display25特色餐饮Food Specialties26民族特色街Ethnic Culture Street27导游亭Tour Guide Booth28模型Model29主廊Main Corridor30车道Vehicle Lane31农家院Farm House32专题展区Theme Display33大石桥Great Stone Bridge34博物馆Museum35塔Pagoda/Dagoba(藏式塔)36宫、院Palace37亭、阁Pavilion38寺Monastery (Temple)39牌楼Memorial Archway40桥Bridge41廊Corridor42牌坊Memorial Gateway43庙Temple44观堂Taoist Temple45遗址Historic Site46书房Study Room47瀑布Waterfall48滑雪场Ski Field49滑雪道Ski Slope50拓展区Outdoor Development Area51狩猎区Hunting Area52 XX养殖场XX Farm53宠物乐园Pet Paradise54无障碍售票口Wheelchair Accessible55中央展厅Central Exhibition Hall/Central Display Hall 56报告厅Auditorium57展厅入口Entrance58休闲区Leisure Area59贵宾厅VIP Hall60序厅Lobby61阅览室Reading Room62贵宾通道VIP Only63员工通道Staff Only64租赁车Car Rental65上楼楼梯Upstairs66下楼楼梯Downstairs67步行街Pedestrian Street68货币兑换Currency Exchange69走失儿童认领Lost Children Information 70行李手推车Trolley71三轮车接待站Tricycle Tour72电动游览车Sightseeing Trolley73服装出租处Costume Rental74自行车租赁处Bicycle Rental75租船处Boat Rental76旅游纪念品商店Souvenir Shop77字画店Calligraphy & Painting Shop78公园Park79儿童公园Children’s Park80雕塑公园Sculpture Park81体育公园Sports Park82动物园Zoo83植物园Botanical Garden84街旁游园Community Park85盆景园Mini-Scape Garden/Bonsai Garden 86景观Scenery87景区Scenic Area88景点Scenic Spot89森林浴Forest Bath90空气浴Air Bath91温泉浴Hot Spring Bath92日光浴Sun Bath93泥沙浴Mud and Sand Bath94摄像室Photo Studio95无烟景区Smoke-Free Scenic Area96大型水滑梯/戏水滑道Water Slide97收费停车场Pay Parking98茶室Tea House99游泳池Swimming Pool100残疾人客房Accessible Guestroom101吸烟区Smoking Area102非吸烟区Non-Smoking Area103国家级文物保护单位State Protected Historic Site104市级文物保护单位MunicipalityProtectedHistoricSite/CityProtected Historic Site105区级文物保护单位District Protected Historic Site106爱国主义教育基地Patriotic Education Base107浅水区Shallow Water108深水区Deep Water109采摘区Fruit-Picking Area110工农业旅游示范点Industrial and Agricultural Site111游览观光车Sightseeing Trolley/Sightseeing Bus112标本室Specimen Room113观赏区Viewing Area114投喂区Feeding Area115触摸区Petting Area116科技馆Science & Technology Hall117导览册Guide Book118导览机Audio Guide119世界文化遗产World Cultural HeritageA.3服务类信息1导游服务/讲解服务Tour Guide Service2照相服务Photo Service3邮政服务Postal Service4声讯服务Audio Guide5票务服务Ticket Service/Tickets6残疾人服务Service for Disabled7免费Free Admission8赠票Complimentary Ticket10宣传资料Tourist Brochure/Travel Brochure 11半价50% Off/Half Price/50% Discount12谢谢合作Thanks for Your Cooperation13信用卡支付Credit Cards Accepted14提供拐杖Crutches Available15提供轮椅Wheelchairs Available16游程信息Itinerary Information/Travel Info A.4其他信息1自动控制Auto-Control2多媒体Multi-Media3地质年代Geologic Age4大事年表Chronology of Events5自画像Self-Portrait6碑记Tablet Inscription7雕塑作品Sculpture8石刻Stone Carving9草原Grassland10古树名木Old and Famous Trees11温室采摘Greenhouse Fruit Picking12数字特技Digital Stunt13花卉Flowers & Plants14野营露营Camping15消闲散步Strolling16郊游野游Outing17垂钓Fishing18登山攀岩Mountaineering/Rock-Climbing 19揽胜探险Expedition20科普教育Popular Science Education21游戏娱乐Entertainment22健身Bodybuilding23演艺Art Performance24水上运动Aquatic Sports25滑水Surfing26潜水Scuba Diving27冰雪活动Ice Skating & Skiing28滑草活动Grass Skiing29滑沙Sand Skiing30水上漂流Drifting31数字特技Digital Stunt 32电影录音Film Recording 33电影剪辑Film Editing34电影洗印Film Processing 35电影拍摄Filming36电影动画Film Animation。
公共场所双语标识英文译法 景区景点
公共场所双语标识英文译法English Translation of Public Signs第2部分景区景点Part 2: Tourist Attractions1 范围DB11/T 334本部分规定了景区景点双语标识英文译法的原则。
本部分适用于景区景点双语标识英文译法,也适用于文物、博物馆双语标识英文译法。
2 术语和定义下列术语和定义适用于本部分。
2.1 旅游景区景点t ourist attractions指以旅游及其相关活动为主要功能或主要功能之一的空间或地域。
本标准中旅游景区景点是指具有参观游览、休闲度假、康乐健身等功能, 具备相应旅游服务设施并提供相应旅游服务的独立管理区。
该管理区应有统一的经营管理机构和明确的地域范围。
包括风景区、文博院馆、寺庙观堂、旅游度假区、自然保护区、主题公园、森林公园、地质公园、游乐园、动物园、植物园及工业、农业、经贸、科教、军事、体育、文化艺术等各类旅游景区景点。
3 分类旅游景区景点的英语标识按内容可分为警示提示信息、功能设施信息、服务类信息和其他信息。
4 具体要求4.1 警示提示信息译法原则参照本标准通则部分。
4.2 功能设施信息译法原则参照本标准通则部分。
4.3 旅游景点通名地名通名通常采用英文直接翻译,英文单词首字母大写,其余小写。
4.3.1 植物园译为Botanical Garden,如北京植物园Beijing Botanical Garden。
4.3.2 博物馆4.3.2.1 一般名称译为xxxx Museum, Museum放在最后,如历史博物馆History Museum。
4.3.2.2 某机构的博物馆译为xxxx Museum of xxxx(机构名),如大钟寺古钟博物馆Ancient Bell Museum of Great Bell Temple。
4.3.3 纪念馆4.3.3.1 历史名人的纪念馆译为Memorial,人名不加’s,如吴运铎纪念馆Wu Yunduo Memorial。
旅游景区英语标识
英语研究性学习课题:旅游景区英语标识一旅游景区(点)常用标识二旅游风景区标识三旅游度假村标识四公园常用标识五游乐园或娱乐城标识六动物园常用标识一、旅游景区(点)常用标识二、旅游风景区(一)须知欢迎您来风景区游览,为保证景区的自然风貌,爱护国家和人民的公共财物以及您的人身安全,望您要遵守如下几项规定:1、保护风景区内自然风貌,风景区内严禁乱砍、滥伐、拆杈、毁林、开荒、乱开岩石、取纱、放牧和狩猎活动违者罚款。
2、注意防火、吸烟、火柴杆等致燃物就地熄灭,不许乱丢,不准再风景区内点燃火堆或野炊,以防失火。
3、注意安全,不要攀登悬崖峭壁,不要在溪潭中游泳、打闹,以防人身事故发生及院内严禁夜宿。
4、遇有雷雨时,不要用手抚摸铁器,更不要在沟滩崖根下避雨,以防洪水暴发造成危险,看天气不好时应迅速撤出游区。
5、维护风景区内环境卫生,禁止随地便溺用完的各种瓶罐、包装盒、纸屑、果皮等,要扔到废品池内,严禁乱扔,摔碎违反者罚款。
6、来风景区游览人员,一律购票凭票游览要听从工作人员引导,提高尊老爱幼,讲究礼貌的尚好作风。
Notice to VisitorsWelcome to this/ our tourist attraction! In order to preserve the natural environment, protect public facilities, and to ensure your own safety, please observe the following rules:1、Please help preserve the natural environment of the tourist attraction. Unauthorized logging, damaging of trees and forests, plowing of fields, excavating of sand and gravel, herding and hunting are strictly prohibited. Those who violate these rules shall be fined accordingly.2、Be cautious of fire hazards. No littering of inflammable materials such as cigarettes and matches. Campfires are strictly prohibited inside the tourist attraction area.3、Be safety conscious. To ensure your safety, please do not climb steep cliffs; do not swim or play in streams and ponds. No staying overnight in courtyards.4、When there is a thunderstorm, do not touch metals so as to prevent the risk of a thunder stroke. Do not hide near river banks or under cliffs, or you might be exposed to the risk of sudden floods. In case of adverse weather conditions, you should immediately exit the tourist attraction area.5、Please help keep the tourist attraction area tidy. Toilets are available for your convenience. No littering (including empty bottles, packaging materials, waste paper, fruit peels, etc). Those who violate the rules shall be fined accordingly.6、Admission by ticket only. Please follow instructions given by the personnel. Please respect the elders and care for the young; behave in a civilized manner while sightseeing.(二)、植物说明牌(1)、杜鹃坡Azalea Hill(2)、山杏Apricot Hill(3)、山核桃Wild Pecan(4)、野韭菜坡Wild Chive Hill(5)、榛子坡Hazelnuts Hill(6)、黄花坡Chrysanthemum Hill(7)、金莲花Nasturtium (Tropaeolum)(8)、黄芩Baikal Skullcap(9)、刺玫坡Rosa Davurica Hill(10)、白桦林White Birch Forest(11)、沙棘Sea-buckthorn(12)牡丹园Peony Garden(13)戒坛Jie Tai Altar(14)银杏Kingko(15)丁香Lilac(三)、地名说明牌(1)后花园Back Garden(2)派出所Police Station(3)网球场Tennis Court(4)方丈院Fang Zhang Y uan (Courtyard of the Abbot)(四)、导向牌(1)、江水河村骑马观光区Horseback Riding Scenery Area of Jiangshuihe Village(2)、灵山综合服务区Mt. Lingshan Service Center(3)、去索道导向To Cableway(4)、灵山导游图Tourism Map of Mt. Lingshan(5)、厕所导向 To Toilets(6)、索道入口Cableway Entrance(7)、索道出口Cableway Exit(五)、警示牌(1)、索道安全警示Safety Instruction for Cableway(2)、请您排队购票Please Line Up(3)、小心滑倒Mind Your Steps(4)、请沿此路上下山Follow this path while hiking in the mountain(5)、请您爱护景区动物Please do not harm the wildlife in the scenery area(6)、禁止攀折花木 No Picking ( Don't Pick The Flowers Please)(7)、请您在17:30分前下山Please return by 5:30 pm(8)、雨雾天气结伴及早下山On rainy or foggy days, please hike in groups and return early (9)、严禁攀爬索道Do not climb onto cableways(10)保护古树TAKE GOOD CARE OF THE ANCIENT(OLD) TREES(11)一级防火区禁止使用明火Class A Fire Zone, No Open Flame(12)旅游区内禁止吸烟No Smoking in the Tourist Attraction Area(13)请勿随手乱扔废弃物保护环境卫生No Littering. Please help preserve the environment. (14)、禁止攀登No Climbing(16)、游人止步No Admittance(17)、注意下道停车保持主线畅通Park off the Road. Keep Main Lanes Clear.(18)、忍一时烟瘾留万亩绿茵No Smoking(19)、注意安全请勿靠近Caution! Keep Off.(20)、弯道下坡注意安全Bend Downhill. Be Careful.(21)、弯道上坡注意安全Bend Uphill. Be Careful.(22)、连续上坡注意安全Continuous Ascending. Be Careful.(23)、禁止通行No Admittance (NO ENTRY)(24)、弯道下坡注意安全Bend Downhill. Be Careful. (六)、公用设施说明牌⑴灵山风景名胜区售票处Mt. Lingshan Scenery Area Ticket Office⑵灵山风景名胜区检票处Mt. Lingshan Scenery Area Ticket Check (七)、生活服务区:(1)公厕Toilet(2)停车场Parking Lot(3)餐厅Restaurant(4)灵山综合服务大厅Service Center(5)进入景区您就是绿的使者Please help protect the environment.(6)山水有情烟火无情No smoking or use of fire.(7)人与自然永生相伴Man and Nature Are Permanent Companions.(8)坡陡!请您留神Beware! Steep Incline(9)节约用水Please conserve water(10)游客止步No Admittance(11)清洁过后请用水冲净Flush After Use(12)脚踏出水Flush Here(13)停车场Parking Lot(14)经营项目:一楼经营冷饮食品二楼经营特色小吃三楼经营观景水吧Business Scope: Floor 1(1st Floor): Cold DrinkFloor 2(2nd Floor): Special (Local)SnackFloor 3(3rd Floor): Sightseeing Water Bar(15)前方1000米售票处Ticket Office 1000m Ahead(16)前方100米检票口Ticket Check 100m Ahead(17)易滑路段Caution! Slippery(18)陡坡危险请勿跨越Danger! Steep Incline(八)注意事项一、进入景区注意山体塌方落石与路间塌陷。
论国内茶文化旅游景点标牌的英译策略
2020年第02期收稿日期:2020年1月17日。
随着全球化趋势的加剧,我国与世界各地的文化交流也日渐增多,国内茶文化旅游景区也吸引了不少外籍游客。
随着外来游客的增多,茶文化旅游景区开发商及相关负责人对于景点标牌的翻译也愈加重视。
然而根据相关调查得知,一些茶文化景区的标牌译文存在着许多不容忽视的问题,这在很大程度上影响了外籍游客的游览体验。
为了改变这一问题,翻译人员需要对以往的景点标牌翻译问题加以分析,从中总结出相应的应对策略,这样才能够真正提升茶文化旅游景区的知名度和口碑,同时在此基础上促进茶文化的推广与宣传。
1国内茶文化旅游景点标牌英译的重要性目前,英语是世界范围内使用最为广泛的语言。
为了方便外籍游客的参观与游览,不少旅游景区针对景点标牌进行了相应的翻译,当然茶文化旅游景区也不例外。
详细而言,国内茶文化旅游景点标牌英译有着重要的意义,具体如下:1.1有利于提升景点知名度一般的茶文化旅游景区会分为公共服务区、停车区、游览区等相关区域,不同的区域将会有不同的景点标牌。
这些景点标牌包括指示牌、标语等,不同的标牌给游客提供的信息也会有所不同,有些标牌为了提醒游客注意各类安全事项,有些标牌则是对周边区域的地域设置、功能分类进行相应的说明介绍。
针对这些标牌进行系统化、准确化的英语翻译将会使景点变得更加“国际化”。
当然,这也会在一定程度上提升茶文化景点的知名度。
1.2有益于吸引外国旅游者针对茶文化旅游景点标牌进行翻译可以极大地方便游客的观光,使其根据景点标牌明确所要游览的内容,而不会在旅游完之后对茶文化、茶园等不明就里。
精确的标牌英译会使游客对茶文化旅游景点产生良好的印象,从而产生二次消费甚至多次消费的倾向。
外籍游客很可能在游览过程中通过国外社交软件发布一些旅游感想,当然他们返回自己的国家后也可能像自己的亲朋好友推荐他们旅游过的绝佳场所,这些在某种意义上会形成“口碑效应”,从而吸引更多的外来游客前来观光游玩。
公共场所双语标识英文译法景区景点
公共场所双语标识英文译法English Translation of Public Signs第2部分景区景点Part 2: Tourist Attractions1 围DB11/T 334本部分规定了景区景点双语标识英文译法的原则。
本部分适用于景区景点双语标识英文译法,也适用于文物、博物馆双语标识英文译法。
2 术语和定义下列术语和定义适用于本部分。
2.1 旅游景区景点t ourist attractions指以旅游及其相关活动为主要功能或主要功能之一的空间或地域。
本标准中旅游景区景点是指具有参观游览、休闲度假、康乐健身等功能, 具备相应旅游服务设施并提供相应旅游服务的独立管理区。
该管理区应有统一的经营管理机构和明确的地域围。
包括风景区、文博院馆、寺庙观堂、旅游度假区、自然保护区、主题公园、森林公园、地质公园、游乐园、动物园、植物园及工业、农业、经贸、科教、军事、体育、文化艺术等各类旅游景区景点。
3 分类旅游景区景点的英语标识按容可分为警示提示信息、功能设施信息、服务类信息和其他信息。
4 具体要求4.1 警示提示信息译法原则参照本标准通则部分。
4.2 功能设施信息译法原则参照本标准通则部分。
4.3 旅游景点通名地名通名通常采用英文直接翻译,英文单词首字母大写,其余小写。
4.3.1 植物园译为Botanical Garden,如植物园Beijing Botanical Garden。
4.3.2 博物馆4.3.2.1 一般名称译为xxxx Museum, Museum放在最后,如历史博物馆History Museum。
4.3.2.2 某机构的博物馆译为xxxx Museum of xxxx(机构名),如大钟寺古钟博物馆Ancient Bell Museum of Great Bell Temple。
4.3.3 纪念馆4.3.3.1 历史名人的纪念馆译为Memorial,人名不加’s,如吴运铎纪念馆Wu Yunduo Memorial。
观光茶园介绍英文作文初中
观光茶园介绍英文作文初中英文:As a tourist destination, tea plantations have become increasingly popular in recent years. Tea plantations offer a unique experience for visitors to learn about tea production and enjoy the beautiful scenery.One of the most famous tea plantations in China is the Longjing Tea Plantation in Hangzhou. The plantation covers an area of more than 800 acres and is surrounded by mountains and water. Visitors can take a tour of the plantation and learn about the history and production process of Longjing tea. They can also pick tea leaves and make their own tea under the guidance of tea masters.Another popular tea plantation is the Boseong Green Tea Plantation in South Korea. The plantation is located in a hilly area and offers stunning views of the surrounding landscape. Visitors can take a walk through the plantationand enjoy the fresh air while learning about the production process of green tea. They can also try different types of green tea and purchase some to take home.In addition to the tea itself, tea plantations alsooffer a variety of activities for visitors. For example, visitors can participate in tea ceremonies, taste local cuisine, and even stay overnight in tea houses. These activities provide a deeper understanding of the local culture and offer a unique travel experience.中文:作为旅游目的地,茶园近年来变得越来越受欢迎。
【最新】公共场所双语标识英文译法_景区景点TouristAttractions整理
公共场所双语标识英文译法English Translation of Public Signs第2部分景区景点Part 2: Tourist Attractions1 范围DB11/T 334本部分规定了景区景点双语标识英文译法的原则。
本部分适用于景区景点双语标识英文译法,也适用于文物、博物馆双语标识英文译法。
2 术语和定义下列术语和定义适用于本部分。
2.1 旅游景区景点tourist attractions指以旅游及其相关活动为主要功能或主要功能之一的空间或地域。
本标准中旅游景区景点是指具有参观游览、休闲度假、康乐健身等功能, 具备相应旅游服务设施并提供相应旅游服务的独立管理区。
该管理区应有统一的经营管理机构和明确的地域范围。
包括风景区、文博院馆、寺庙观堂、旅游度假区、自然保护区、主题公园、森林公园、地质公园、游乐园、动物园、植物园及工业、农业、经贸、科教、军事、体育、文化艺术等各类旅游景区景点。
3 分类旅游景区景点的英语标识按内容可分为警示提示信息、功能设施信息、服务类信息和其他信息。
4 具体要求4.1 警示提示信息译法原则参照本标准通则部分。
4.2 功能设施信息译法原则参照本标准通则部分。
4.3 旅游景点通名地名通名通常采用英文直接翻译,英文单词首字母大写,其余小写。
4.3.1 植物园译为Botanical Garden,如北京植物园Beijing Botanical Garden。
4.3.2 博物馆4.3.2.1 一般名称译为xxxx Museum, Museum放在最后,如历史博物馆History Museum。
4.3.2.2 某机构的博物馆译为xxxx Museum of xxxx(机构名),如大钟寺古钟博物馆Ancient Bell Museum of Great Bell Temple。
4.3.3 纪念馆4.3.3.1 历史名人的纪念馆译为Memorial,人名不加’s,如吴运铎纪念馆Wu Yunduo Memorial。
旅游景区的标识语翻译
【导语】以下是⽆忧考整理的《旅游景区的标识语翻译》,⼀起来看看吧!湖区⽔深,注意安全。
Deep water! Beware.珍惜⽂物古迹,勿乱刻乱涂。
——提⽰:“珍惜……”这些都不⽤翻出来No graffiti!购票中请当⾯清点票款,门票售出,恕不退款。
Check the change before you leave. No refund for tickets sold.游客必须每⼈持票⼊内,废票、伪造票不得⼊内。
Admission by valid tickets only.爱护草坪,⾜下留情。
Keep off the grass.⼼触⼀⽚净⼟,爱博⼀⽚蓝天。
——提⽰:这种⽐较有“⽂采”的标识语,翻译的时候就返璞归真,直接意译。
Keep the environment clean.禁⽌停车,违者拖⾛。
Tow away zone!未经允许,不准停车。
Assigned parking only.禁⽌摆卖。
No venders.当⼼触电。
Danger! High voltage.暂停服务请谅解。
Temporarily closed. Sorry for the inc onvenience.六点停⽌⼊园。
Last admission: 6:00狗便后,请清理。
Clean up after your dog.需要帮助,请按按钮/请按铃Press/Ring for assistance⼩⼼碰头——提⽰:千万别说Be careful of your head或者Mind your headCaution: low ceiling⼩⼼台阶间跨度Mind the gap仅作⽕警安全出⼝Fire exit only请勿在此倒垃圾No littering免费上Free Internet access请勿在本餐厅内进⾷⾮麦当劳⾷品——提⽰:这个翻译真的很巧妙,⽽且很委婉Seating reserved for consumption of McDonald's food only。
旅游景点标识语(英语)
这是为了保护游客和工作人员的健康, 确保非吸烟区的空气质量不受影响, 同时减少火灾等安全风险。
04
Information prompt language
Opening hours of tourist attractions
Opening hours
Our scenic spots are open from 8:00am to 6:00pm daily.
Welcome to your visit, we wish you a pleasant stay and an enjoyable time during your visit. Our destination is a perfect blend of natural beauty, rich history, and vibrant culture.
Information about the availability of family restrooms, handicap accessible facilities, and any specific requirements
or instructions for use.
Parking Lot
Welcome to our tourist attractions, a place where you can immerse yourself in the rich history and culture of our region. We are excited to share our local treasures with you.
A place where tourists can obtain information about the attraction, including hours of operation, admission prices, and any rules or regulations.
公共场所双语标识英文译法_景区景点Tourist Attractions
公共场所双语标识英文译法English Translation of Public Signs第2部分景区景点Part 2: Tourist Attractions1 范围DB11/T 334本部分规定了景区景点双语标识英文译法的原则。
本部分适用于景区景点双语标识英文译法,也适用于文物、博物馆双语标识英文译法。
2 术语和定义下列术语和定义适用于本部分。
2.1 旅游景区景点t ourist attractions指以旅游及其相关活动为主要功能或主要功能之一的空间或地域。
本标准中旅游景区景点是指具有参观游览、休闲度假、康乐健身等功能, 具备相应旅游服务设施并提供相应旅游服务的独立管理区。
该管理区应有统一的经营管理机构和明确的地域范围。
包括风景区、文博院馆、寺庙观堂、旅游度假区、自然保护区、主题公园、森林公园、地质公园、游乐园、动物园、植物园及工业、农业、经贸、科教、军事、体育、文化艺术等各类旅游景区景点。
3 分类旅游景区景点的英语标识按内容可分为警示提示信息、功能设施信息、服务类信息和其他信息。
4 具体要求4.1 警示提示信息译法原则参照本标准通则部分。
4.2 功能设施信息译法原则参照本标准通则部分。
4.3 旅游景点通名地名通名通常采用英文直接翻译,英文单词首字母大写,其余小写。
4.3.1 植物园译为Botanical Garden,如北京植物园Beijing Botanical Garden。
4.3.2 博物馆4.3.2.1 一般名称译为xxxx Museum, Museum放在最后,如历史博物馆History Museum。
4.3.2.2 某机构的博物馆译为xxxx Museum of xxxx(机构名),如大钟寺古钟博物馆Ancient Bell Museum of Great Bell Temple。
4.3.3 纪念馆4.3.3.1 历史名人的纪念馆译为Memorial,人名不加’s,如吴运铎纪念馆Wu Yunduo Memorial。
旅游景区景点中英文
标识标牌---旅游景区景点中英文(二)A.2功能设施信息表 A.2 功能设施信息序号中文名称英文译法1 售票处Ticket Office/Tickets2 游客中心Tourist Center3 客房部Guest Room Department4 游船码头Cruise Terminal5 办公区Administrative Area6 公园管理处Park Administrative Office7 广播室Broadcasting Room8 游船Sightseeing Boat9 索道Cableway10 缆车Cable Car11 拱桥Arch Bridge12 展览馆/陈列馆ExhibitionHall/Exhibition Center13 陈列室Exhibition Room/Display Room14 展区Exhibition Area/Display Area15 展厅Exhibition Hall/Display Hall16 故居Former Residence表 A.2(续)序号中文名称英文译法17 团体接待Group Tour18 休息处Lounge19 导游处Guide Service20 表演区Performance Area21 游乐场/游乐园Amusement Park22 儿童游乐场/儿童乐园Children’s Playground23 民族歌舞Folk Dances24 手工艺展示Handicraft Display25 特色餐饮Food Specialties26 民族特色街Ethnic Culture Street27 导游亭Tour Guide Booth28 模型Model29 主廊Main Corridor30 车道Vehicle Lane31 农家院Farm House32 专题展区Theme Display 33 大石桥Great Stone Bridge34 博物馆Museum35 塔Pagoda/Dagoba(藏式塔)36 宫、院Palace37 亭、阁Pavilion38 寺Monastery (Temple)39 牌楼Memorial Archway40 桥Bridge41 廊Corridor42 牌坊Memorial Gateway43 庙Temple44 观堂Taoist Temple45 遗址Historic Site46 书房Study Room47 瀑布Waterfall48 滑雪场Ski Field49 滑雪道Ski Slope50 拓展区Outdoor Development Area51 狩猎区Hunting Area52 XX 养殖场XX Farm53 宠物乐园Pet Paradise54 无障碍售票口WheelchairAccessible55 中央展厅Central ExhibitionHall/Central Display Hall表 A.2(续)序号中文名称英文译法56 报告厅Auditorium57 展厅入口Entrance58 休闲区Leisure Area59 贵宾厅VIP Hall60 序厅Lobby61 阅览室Reading Room62 贵宾通道VIP Only63 员工通道Staff Only64 租赁车Car Rental65 上楼楼梯Upstairs66 下楼楼梯Downstairs67 步行街Pedestrian Street68 货币兑换Currency Exchange69 走失儿童认领Lost ChildrenInformation70 行李手推车Trolley71 三轮车接待站Tricycle Tour72 电动游览车Sightseeing Trolley73 服装出租处Costume Rental74 自行车租赁处Bicycle Rental75 租船处Boat Rental76 旅游纪念品商店Souvenir Shop77 字画店Calligraphy & Painting Shop78 公园Park79 儿童公园Children’s Park80 雕塑公园Sculpture Park81 体育公园Sports Park82 动物园Zoo83 植物园Botanical Garden84 街旁游园Community Park85 盆景园Mini-Scape Garden/BonsaiGarden86 景观Scenery87 景区Scenic Area88 景点Scenic Spot89 森林浴Forest Bath90 空气浴Air Bath91 温泉浴Hot Spring Bath92 日光浴Sun Bath表 A.2(续)序号中文名称英文译法93 泥沙浴Mud and Sand Bath94 摄像室Photo Studio95 无烟景区Smoke-Free Scenic Area96 大型水滑梯/戏水滑道Water Slide97 收费停车场Pay Parking ,98 茶室Tea House99 游泳池Swimming Pool100 残疾人客房AccessibleGuestroom101 吸烟区Smoking Area102 非吸烟区Non-Smoking Area103 国家级文物保护单位State ProtectedHistoric Site104 市级文物保护单位MunicipalityProtected Historic Site/City ProtectedHistoric Site105 区级文物保护单位District ProtectedHistoric Site106 爱国主义教育基地PatrioticEducation Base107 浅水区Shallow Water108 深水区Deep Water109 采摘区Fruit-Picking Area110 工农业旅游示范点Industrial and Agricultural Site111 游览观光车SightseeingTrolley/Sightseeing Bus112 标本室Specimen Room113 观赏区Viewing Area114 投喂区Feeding Area115 触摸区Petting Area116 科技馆Science & Technology Hall 117 导览册Guide Book118 导览机Audio Guide119 世界文化遗产World Cultural HeritageA.3服A.4务类信息表 A.3 服务类信息序号中文名称英文译法1 导游服务/讲解服务Tour Guide Service2 照相服务Photo Service3 邮政服务Postal Service4 声讯服务Audio Guide5 票务服务Ticket Service/Tickets6 残疾人服务Service for Disabled7 免费Free Admission表 A.3(续)序号中文名称英文译法8 赠票Complimentary Ticket9 欢迎光临Welcome10 宣传资料Tourist Brochure/Travel Brochure11 半价50% Off/Half Price/50% Discount12 谢谢合作Thanks for Your Cooperation13 信用卡支付Credit Cards Accepted14 提供拐杖Crutches Available15 提供轮椅Wheelchairs Available16 游程信息Itinerary Information/Travel InfoA.5其他信息表 A.4 其他信息序号中文名称英文译法1 自动控制Auto-Control2 多媒体Multi-Media3 地质年代Geologic Age4 大事年表Chronology of Events5 自画像Self-Portrait6 碑记Tablet Inscription7 雕塑作品Sculpture8 石刻Stone Carving9 草原Grassland10 古树名木Old and Famous Trees11 温室采摘Greenhouse Fruit Picking12 数字特技Digital Stunt13 花卉Flowers & Plants14 野营露营Camping15 消闲散步Strolling16 郊游野游Outing17 垂钓Fishing18 登山攀岩Mountaineering/Rock-Climbing19 揽胜探险Expedition20 科普教育Popular Science Education21 游戏娱乐Entertainment22 健身Bodybuilding23 演艺Art Performance24 水上运动Aquatic Sports25 滑水Surfing表 A.4(续)序号中文名称英文译法26 潜水Scuba Diving27 冰雪活动Ice Skating & Skiing28 滑草活动Grass Skiing29 滑沙Sand Skiing30 水上漂流Drifting31 数字特技Digital Stunt32 电影录音Film Recording33 电影剪辑Film Editing34 电影洗印Film Processing35 电影拍摄Filming36 电影动画Film Animation。
杭州茶园 英文介绍
杭州茶园英文介绍杭州茶园的英文介绍如下:Hangzhou, known as the "birthplace of Chinese tea", is renowned for its beautiful tea gardens. These tea gardens, located in the picturesque environment of the city, are not only a place for tea production, but also a tourist attraction that offers a unique experience to visitors.The tea gardens of Hangzhou are typically set in lush, mountainous regions, where the climate and soil conditions are ideal for growing tea. The leaves of the tea bushes are harvested throughout the year, with the best quality tea leaves being produced during the spring and summer months.Visitors to the tea gardens can enjoy a variety of activities, including taking a tour of the tea plantations, watching tea farmers at work, and learning about the different types of tea produced in Hangzhou. They can also participate in traditional tea ceremony performances,where they can taste and appreciate the unique flavor and aroma of Hangzhou tea.In addition to its tea, Hangzhou is also famous for its beautiful natural scenery and rich cultural heritage. Visitors to the city can enjoy its famous West Lake, with its serene temples and pagodas, as well as the vibrant local art and handicrafts.综上所述,杭州茶园不仅是一个重要的茶叶产地,也是一处融合了自然风光和丰富文化底蕴的旅游胜地。
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谈茶园文化旅游景区英文标识语的翻译摘要:随着我国旅游文化产业的又好又快发展,国内外游客也随之增加,中国是茶的最初原产国,因此随着旅游行业的兴起,茶文化产业也随之而来。
在这种情况下,茶文化旅游景区的标识牌就成了景区必不可少的一件重要之物,英文标识语翻译得是否得当、准确、合理逻辑结构是否严谨等问题直接关系到海外游客对中国茶文化了解的关键。
因此茶文化有关单位应采取一些恰当的广告公示、汉译英翻译策略来准确无误的翻译景区英文标识语,从而使中国茶文化走向国门,被全世界游客所醉爱。
关键词:中国茶文化、景区公示语;汉译英翻译随着我国经济的发展和政府对旅游行业的鼎力支持,我国旅游文化产业的又好又快发展,国内外游客也随之增加,中国是茶的最初原产国,因此随着旅游行业的兴起,茶文化产业也随之而来。
因为旅游行业和茶文化是相辅相成,两者是密不可分的一个整体,旅游行业的发展可以吸引大量的游客到来,游客的到来也必定会给茶文化的销量带来一定的数量,从而使得旅游行业带动了茶文化的发展[1]。
因为在旅游的过程中会有很多的游客对旅游的资源有一定的好奇和体验过程。
我国是一个有着悠久文化的国家,各省级区域的文化也是丰富多彩,如历史古迹、文化产业、民间艺术、宗教文化等旅游产业。
茶最早最初被发现和利用的国家是中国,他的历史距离现在已有超过4700年了。
现在随着人们生活水平的提高和富足、人们越来越多的注重精神和健康的享受,而茶就成了现在我们21世纪最健康长寿的一种常见而又便宜实惠的饮料了。
一、文化旅游和茶园文化旅游现在在我国随着旅游文化的发展和需要,很多生产茶的地区和省分也陆续开展了茶文化的旅游产业,来茶园观光和旅游的游客,可以进入茶园观看美景也可以和茶农一起去体验采摘和制作茶以及后面泡茶、品茶的整个过程,亲身体会种茶的不易和其中茶文化的深层涵义。
在我国像云南无量山的茶园、安徽的瑶溪茶园、浙江的千丈幽茶园、山寺茶等茶园是在茶文化行业做的很不多的茶园。
其中广西主要以三江、昭平、凌云和梧州等地为主要的生产地,与此同时,茶文化旅游行业也随之开发起来了。
柳宗元茶诗曰“日午独觉无余声,山童隔竹敲茶臼”。
刘老的话,让人反复浏览,都很有韵味。
这使得游客在观赏、体会采摘、制作之余,也细品茶,从而提高自身茶品和修养。
二、海外旅游者对茶文化旅游体验的需求最近几年来,随着“美丽中国”的旅游形象以及“一带一路”等称号以来,极大的吸引了大量的海外游客的到来。
他们到中国来的原因,无非有两种:一种是处于对中国那么多年、那么丰富多彩的历史悠久文化感到好奇;二是处于好奇想了解和理解中国有好多奥秘的历史文化。
世界上所有的茶,最初的茶的原产国乃是我们中国,它已经有几千年的历史了,它的发展历史与我国的命脉密切相关,已经成为了我国历史文化中密不可分的重要组成部分。
中国的茶文化不仅具有西方的茶道精神也具有着我们东方的“茶禅一味、天人合一”的哲学。
中国的茶文化可以做到修身、养心、养性等作用合为一体,是我国精神与世界精神的一个统一。
我们根据研究调查统计发现,一半以上的海外游客来中国旅游都是对中国茶文化太过于醉爱,想好好了解茶文化,特别是英国游客对中国茶文化的喜爱更是疯狂,他们来我国旅游时常常买些中国茶和茶具回家使用[2]。
当他们在悠闲自得游玩的过程中,也会欣赏茶的美、采摘茶叶的乐趣、品尝茶的香气、修茶的性,这一件件一种种都足以让人深深陷入茶文化的世界里,获得心灵和精神的享受和净化,从而使自己体验到茶文化的最高境界。
三、茶文化旅游景区英文标识语的翻译最近几年,我国为了在世界上宣传中国茶文化,一些茶文化的旅游场所也逐渐标志着对海外游客提供,中国茶文化的机会和场地,而他们这些中大部分的游客均很喜欢在茶园的体验和亲身感受,他们虽然也会辛苦,但他们乐在其中,其乐融融。
因为他们可以从茶园的标识牌上清楚的了解、知道茶园的区域、茶品种的各个分部以及各种类的茶之间的相同和不同点等信息,这时候,我们茶园中标识牌上的英文翻译就是海外游客了解中国茶至关重要的一点了。
因此,茶园标识牌的建设场地以及标识牌上的中英文翻译就成了茶文化旅游行业最重要的一个必不可少的组成成分。
但由于我国国人在中译英的过程中,经常会使用中国式的英语翻译,这其中就存在着许许多多大大小小的问题,这样常常会导致海外游客理解错误,不能很好、准确正确的了解中国茶文化[3]。
其中经常出现的错误,比如:名称翻译错、单词拼写错误、语法不对、翻译或用词不当等错误,这些问题的出现往往使得游客对茶文化的内涵造成错误的理解,从而不能很好的把中国茶文化传递出去。
因此,我们对于茶文化景区标识牌的翻译准确与否是至关重要的。
(一)采用统一规范的茶树和茶叶种类英文译名茶文化的旅游景点区是以茶园种植区、制茶区、茶文化区、茶表演区以及品茶区等五个主要部分组成。
其中,茶园种植区是种植不同种类的茶,但每个品种的地头前面都有一个品种标识牌,标识牌上应写明是哪种茶树并用中英文一一对应。
与此同时,我们应做到不同品种的茶树都应标注清楚。
但对于同品种不同区块的茶时,若采用不同不同的英文表示,会使人容易搞乱,记不清楚。
例如:“福云6号”茶树种,有些茶园标识牌上译为“TheSixthofHappyCloud”,把“福云”翻译成“HappyCloud”,会让海外游客弄不明白,因此在翻译时直接直译,“福云6号”可以翻译成“FuyunTeaTreeNo.6”,“龙井3号”译成“LongjingTeaTreeNo.3”等。
而在制做茶的区域、茶文化和表演等区块时,都有茶标识牌的中英文介绍,因此茶名的英文翻译也是非重要。
中国有许许多多的茶名,每个茶名的都相同,五花八门的,例如常见、常喝的绿茶、红茶、黑茶等,每个茶类中有都有着他们各自的茶名和茶品牌,我们在去茶园景区游览时,常常会发现标识牌上对茶叶种类常常出现错误,常犯的低级错误如:红茶常被翻译成“Redtea”,绿茶常被翻译为“Greentea”,黑茶经常为被译成“Blacktea”等等,反正六大名茶的汉译英翻译中都存在各种错误。
而我国对六大名茶名称翻译已有标准统一的规格,例如:“Blacktea”被规定为红茶,“Greentea”规定为绿茶,“DarkBlacktea”被规定为黑茶,“Oolongtea”被规定为乌龙茶,“Whitetea”被规定为白茶,“Yellowtea”规定为黄茶。
为什么红茶为翻译为“Blacktea”呢?那是因为茶叶在制作红茶的过程中,颜色越来越深,慢慢的逐渐变成黑色,又因为中国人对颜色格外注重,因此把它命名为“红茶”。
但有些茶名不需要很正规的翻译,这时应按照中国式的英语翻译即可。
例如““龙井茶”译为“Longjingtea”,铁观音”译成“Tieguanyintea”,“冻顶乌龙”译成““Dongdingoolong”等。
(二)关注标识牌英文翻译中的拼写和语法错误在翻译标识牌时,最常见、最出错最多的就是拼写的错误以及语法的错误,这种看似非大不大、非小不小的错误,搞得海外游客对于理解茶文化好苦恼啊。
不管是拼写大小写的错误还是拼写的顺序以及字母的漏写或者多写等等出现的错误,这样的翻译错误也影响了整个茶园文化景观的形象。
特别是在茶文化表演景区,讲解员对各种茶的解说时,由于讲解员的粗心和不慎,或是他自己的发音不准确等等讲解员自造成的失误。
还有茶文化展示区,对各种茶的展示与销售时,前面都会有一一对应的茶的标识牌在其前面摆放着,如果标识牌中出现拼写错误、字母顺序颠倒、英语字母漏写或者多写等等,,这两种区域出现的错误都会对海外游客对中国茶文化的理解造成很大的不便和误解。
比如“茶叶罐teacaddy”拼写成了“teacandy”,“candy”是“糖果”的意思;“花草茶herbtea”译成了“herdtea”,而“herd”的意思是“兽群”。
(三)加强对茶文化旅游景区英文标识语翻译的监管看似很soeasy的标识牌,但他对于我们中国来说却有着是非重要的作用。
它在外人、外国人看来是很简单,但对于我国人、我国茶文化旅游行业来说,它代表着我国的形象,代表着我国茶文化的形象,在我国有个不可估量的地位。
但现在有些景区为了自己的一点蝇头小利、不惜以最小的成本把标识牌做出来,他们往往找到都是那些英语不怎么精通的翻译人员、或者直接去某某的广告公司直接购买与此相关的标识牌挂到茶文化景区,因此常常出现各种各种、五花八门的错误,也经常使海外游客理解起来很费劲,这样的后果就是不能很好的把中国茶的品牌很好的传递出国门,被全世界所热衷、喝中国茶。
因此不论做什么标识牌,我们中国人都应该十分注重[4]。
因此为以后更好的把中国茶文化传递出国门,为避免以上错误的发生,我国应及时成立相关的监管部门来全程负责这项工作,做到事事有着落。
样样都精通。
茶农可以向上级领导申请聘请具有茶文化知识、并且精通茶文化英语翻译的高学历人才,或者国家或者上级部门可以定期给茶农上有关茶知识的相关课程,或者与本省的具有专业茶知识的专家以及高校的老师一起合作,这样可以使茶文化做到事半功倍,从而达到最大效益化。
与此同时,我们茶农也可以跟游客交谈茶文化的同时,对他们说,,他们看到标识牌有翻译错的地方,或者不准确的地方,让他们及时给我们提出来,并说出正确的翻译,对于他忙的勇敢进言,我们应做些相应的鼓励措施,比如:赠送包茶叶、或者购买茶叶时给他(她)优惠打折,这样肯定有很多游客积极参与,如果这样做的话,那么茶园标识牌的错误率肯定也会越来越少,这样海外在看标识牌时就很简单了,他们也更能深刻体会中国茶文化的深刻内涵了,他们不仅了解了中国茶文化的博大精深,还自身得到了修身养心养性,一举多得,何乐而不为呢?从而更好的把中国茶文化传递出去。
(三)应充分考虑中西文化的差异标识牌它不仅代表着一个茶的名字、种类、品牌、甚至一个说明,它更代表着是一种跨文化的社交活动,一种国与国、人与人的一种社交的交流与沟通[5]。
它不是死的,它是有生命的,它把中西方文化、中西方的历史文化、思维方式、表达习惯以及社交活动都紧紧的联系在一起,它起着一个纽带的作用,它对于我国来说有着至关重要的作用,它可以把中国茶文化很好的传递出国门,被全世界人所热衷于喝中国茶,用中国茶具。
因此为了让中国茶传递出去,我们只有充分认真考虑到中西方文化的各种差异以及饮食习惯,在翻译的过程中加以注意,并采取家当准确的翻译策略进行翻译,就能得到良好的翻译效果,四、结语茶园茶文化的旅游景区的标识牌已成了海外游客进入茶园必看的一件重中之重,对于游客对于我们国人来说,标识牌的翻译准确程度都是至关重要的。
最重要的是,标识牌是否翻译准确直接关系到海外游客对中国茶文化的体验程度,直接关系到中国茶文化的传播和传递。
所以标识牌只有规范准确的翻译好,才能使中国茶文化走出国门,被全世界人们所钟爱。