高中英语第一轮复习：定语从句

定语从句

A、The Attributive Clause

(介词preposition、关系代词relative pronoun、关系副词relative adverb)

定语从句: 在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫作先行词，定语从句放在先行词的

后面，定语从句可以由关系代词that、which、who(宾

格whom、所有格whose)和关系副词where、when、why

引导；关系代词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，关系副词

在定语从句中作状语，它们在复合句中起连接主从句的

作用。

一、关系词的选用

1、当先行词是人时，用关系代词who、whom、that引导定语从

句，如：

The foreigner who/that visited our school yesterday is from Canada.(作从句主语，不能省略)

The person (who/whom/that) you just talked to is Mr.

Green. (作从句宾语，可以省略)

2、当先行词是物时，用关系代词which、that引导定语从句，

如：

They planted the trees which/that didn’t need much

water. (作从句主语，不能省略)

The fish (which/that) we bought were not fresh. (作从

句宾语，可以省略)

3、当从句主语与先行词（可以是人也可以是物）存在从属关系

时，用关系代词whose

I know the boy whose article is very good.

I live in a house whose windows face the south.

4、当先行词是时间时，用关系副词when( = at that time)来

引导

I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.

5、当先行词是地点时，用关系副词where( = at that place)

来引导

The factory where his father works is in the west of

the city.

6、当先行词为reason时,用关系副词why来引导，如：

He couldn’t give the teacher a good reason why he

was late for school.

7、先行词为地点、时间时，选用关系代词或关系副词，要看它

在从句中作何种成分，如：

This is the house where I lived(vi.不及物动词) last

year.(在从句中作状语)

This is the house which was built(vt.及物动词) last

year. (在从句中作主语)

Now it is autumn when we held a sports meet.(作状语)

Now it is autumn which is the third season of the

year. (which在定语从句中作主语应该使用关系代词which

或that)

二、介词的提前

如果定语从句中谓语动词是不及物动词，它所接的介词可以放在从句中相关动词的后面，也可以把它提到关系代词

的前面，此时，先行词为人时介词后面用关系代词whom,先行

词为物时，介词后用关系代词which,即：介词 + 关系代词

（是人时用whom,是物时用which）

I know the man (who/whom/that) Jim is talking to.

= I know the man to whom Jim is talking.

This is the room (which/that) I used to live in.

= This is the room in which I used to live.

三、介词的确定

“介词 + 关系代词（whom、which）”中的介词主要有以下三种确定方法：

1、根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词来选用介词

The man to whom I spoke is my teacher.(speak to) The west lake,for which Hangzhou is famous,is a beautiful place.(be famous for)

2、根据先行词来确定介词

I never forgot the days durig which we lived and worked

together.(during the days)

3、根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词

Air,without which man can’t live,is really

important.

但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面，

如：take care of、look for、look after等。

四、关系代词不能用that的情况：

1、介词 + 关系代词时，不能用that

This is the room in which (不能用that) LuXun lived.

2、非限制性定语从句

He has a daughter,who(不能用that) works in a hospital.

3、先行词是that时，为了避免重复，不用that

The clock is that which (不能用that) tells the time.

五、关系代词宜用that而不用which的情况：

1、定语从句的先行词同时有人又有物时，如：

They talk about the persons and things that they

remember in the old days.

2、先行词是the one、all、much、little、few、none、

everything、anything、nothing等不定代词时，如：