50MW发电机变压器组继电保护毕业设计

沈阳工程学院毕业设计（论文）

摘要

由于大型电厂的母线、发电机和变压器的结构比较复杂，在运行过程中都可能会发生各种各样的故障和异常运行状态，为了确保在保护范围内发生故障，都能有选择性的快速切除故障，需要配置多种继电保护装置，必要时进行多重化配置，从而将电厂中重要设备的危害和损失降到最小，对电力系统的影响最小。

发电厂和变电所母线是电力系统中的中的一个重要组成部件，发电机的安全运行对保证电力系统的正常工作和电能质量起着决定性的作用；而变压器是电力系统十分重要的供电元件再者，发电机、变压器本身就是十分贵重的电气元件，所以，继电保护装置对大型电厂的正常运行起着至关重要的作用。

本设计共包括五章，分别对电力系统、发电机、变压器的继电保护进行详细介绍，并给出相关的整定计算，画出主接线图。

本文主要通过分析原始资料中主要设备的参数，首先，需要对电力系统保护原理进行全面系统的复习、查阅相关资料，加深理解；其次，结合相关参数和各种继电保护原理，确定适用于大型电厂的保护方案，最后，分别对发电机和变压器进行整定计算和配置，并且画出系统一次设计图及其配置图和一般原理图。

关键词：电厂、继电保护、发电机、变压器。

50MW发电机变压器组继电保护设计

Abstract

Because of large power plants bus bar, generators and transformers structure is more complex, in operation process of all may be all kinds of faults and abnormal operating condition, in order to ensure that the protection range in failure, all can have selective swift removal, need configuration fault diversified relay protection device, necessary in the multiple configuration, so as to will be important in power plant equipment to minimize harm and loss of power system, affect the minimum.

Power plant and substation bus in power systems is one of the important components of the generator, the safe operation of the power system to guarantee the normal work and power quality plays a decisive role; And the transformer is power system is of great power supply components again, generator, transformer itself is very expensive electrical components, so, relay protection device of large power plants to the normal operation of the play a crucial role.

This design including five chapters, respectively for power system, generator, transformer of relay protection, and gives a detailed introduction of related setting calculation, draw the Lord the wiring diagram.

This paper mainly through the analysis of original data of the parameters of the main equipment, first of all, need to power system protection principle of full system review and access relevant information, deepen understanding; Secondly, in conjunction with the relevant parameters and all kinds of relay protection principle, sure used in large power plant protection scheme, then respectively, the generator and transformer in setting calculation and configuration, and draw the system design and its a configuration diagram and the general principle diagram.

Key word: power plant, relay protection, generator, transformer.

沈阳工程学院毕业设计（论文）

目录

中文摘要............................................................ I Abstract........................................................... II 引言 (1)

第1章电力系统继电保护简论 (2)

1.1 继电保护的作用 (2)

1.2 继电保护的基本要求、原理、构成与分类 (2)

1.2.1 基本要求 (2)

1.2.2 基本原理 (3)

1.2.3 构成 (4)

1.2.4 分类 (4)

第2章主变压器保护设计 (6)

2.1 变压器保护重要性 (6)

2.2 变压器的故障类型和不正常运行状态 (6)

2.3 变压器保护配置原则 (6)

2.4 变压器纵联差动保护 (7)

2.4.1 构成变压器纵差动保护的基本原则 (7)

2.4.2 变压器差动保护的不平衡电流 (8)

2.5 变压器后备保护 (9)

2.5.1 低电压启动的过电流保护 (9)

2.5.2 变压器零序电流保护 (10)

2.5.3 过负荷保护 (11)

第3章发电机保护设计 (12)

3.1 发电机故障及不正常运行状态 (12)

3.1.1 发电机故障类型 (12)

3.1.2 不正常运行状态 (12)

3.2 发电机保护的配置原则 (13)

3.3 发电机纵差保护 (13)

3.3.1 工作原理 (13)

第4章短路计算 (14)

4.1 发电机出口短路计算 (14)

4.2 后备保护短路计算 (15)