坐标转换参数求取及坐标转换程序设计

毕业设计

设计题目坐标转换参数求取及坐标转换程序设计

学生姓名张威

指导教师杜继亮

专业测绘工程

班级测绘12-2班

填写日期2016/4/6

矿业工程学院

摘要

坐标系统是测量工作中定位的基础，坐标系统有多种形式和基准，由于各测量工作目的不同，所选用的坐标基准也会不同，根据不同的工作要求需要将不同的坐标系下的坐标进行相互转换。在这些坐标转换的过程中会用到很多坐标转换模型，但是坐标系转换模型过于复杂手算非常困难。本设计为了方便施工时遇到的坐标转换问题，设计利用Visual Basic 6.0编程语言编写程序，用来实现坐标系统之间的转换以及转换参数的求解，例如:大地坐标与空间直角坐标的相互转换、高斯投影正反算、二维坐标转换与四参数计算、三维坐标转换与七参数转换、同参考基准下的坐标换带计算，以及坐标数据的批量处理。

关键字：坐标系统，转换模型，坐标转换，程序设计

Abstract

The base of coordinate system in surveying work. there are many forms and benchmarks in the coordinate system. However, in general engineering, the control point and coordinate. System are the same. So It is necessary to transform the control point. coordinate during the construction process. Due to different purposes of each measurement and the selected. different coordinate references, there will be many different coordinate systems. Coordinate systems used in the measurement work are as follows: WGS-84 World Geodetic System, China Geodetic Coordinate System 2000, National Geodetic Coordinate System 1980, Beijing coordinate system 1954 and Local Coordinate System. There are space rectangular coordinate, geodetic coordinate and plane coordinate in the way of the reference in the same coordinate. According to the requirements of different tasks, we need to convert coordinates under the different coordinate systems. On condition that the coordinates of the reference standard can be obtained. the normal construction work can be done. A lot of coordinate transformation models are used in the process of the coordinate transformation. But the coordinate transformation model is very complex and difficult. Nowadays the conversion formula is suitable for the computerization whose language is easy to learn. So in the design I make use of Visual Basic 6 programming language to realize the transformation between the coordinate system and transformation parameters.

Key words : coordinate systems transformation model coordinate transform programming

目录

摘要......................................................... I Abstract......................................................... II 第1章绪论 (1)

1.1研究背景和意义 (1)

1.2国内外研究现状 (1)

1.3研究的主要内容 (2)

1.4程序设计思路方法 (2)

第2章坐标理论和知识 (3)

2.1地球椭球 (3)

2.2基准 (3)

2.3测量常用坐标系 (4)

2.3.1大地坐标系 (4)

2.3.2空间直角坐标系 (4)

2.3.3平面坐标系 (5)

2.3.4地方独立坐标系 (5)

2.4我国常用坐标系 (6)

2.4.1 1954年北京坐标系 (6)

2.4.2 1980国家大地坐标系 (6)

2.4.3 WGS-84世界大地坐标系 (6)

2.4.4 2000国家大地坐标系 (7)

第3章坐标转换程序设计 (14)

3.1大地坐标系与空间直角坐标系的转换 (15)

3.1.1大地坐标转换成空间直角坐标 .................... 错误!未定义书签。

3.1.2空间直角坐标转成换大地坐标 .................... 错误!未定义书签。

3.2高斯平面坐标与大地坐标的转换 (17)