英语教学法Language Teaching Methods

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(完整版)《英语教学法》unit_1_language_and_learning

(完整版)《英语教学法》unit_1_language_and_learning Unit 1: Language and LearningIntroduction to English Language Teaching MethodologyEnglish language teaching methodology is a vital aspect of language education. It plays a crucial role in enabling learners to develop proficiency in a second language. In this unit, we will explore the various approaches, methods, and techniques used in English language teaching. Understanding these methods is essential for language teachers to effectively plan and deliver instruction to their students.1. The role of language in teaching and learningLanguage is not solely a means of communication; it is also a tool for learning. It allows individuals to acquire knowledge, express ideas, and interact with others. In the context of language teaching, a comprehensive understanding of language is important. Teachers must consider the four language skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing, along with grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation. By incorporating these elements, teachers can promote language acquisition and development in their students.2. The communicative approachThe communicative approach is widely acknowledged as an effective language teaching method. It focuses on real-life communication and the purposeful use of language. In this approach, learners engage in meaningful tasks that require them to use English to express themselves authentically.The communicative approach encourages learners to develop their fluency and accuracy by providing opportunities for interaction and authentic communication.3. The lexical approachThe lexical approach emphasizes the importance of teaching vocabulary and collocations in language learning. It recognizes that grammar and vocabulary are interconnected and that learners must acquire both to communicate effectively. Teachers following the lexical approach prioritize teaching high-frequency and useful vocabulary, as well as the collocations and phrases associated with them. By developing a strong lexical repertoire, learners can enhance their language proficiency and understanding.4. Task-based language teachingTask-based language teaching (TBLT) is a learner-centered approach that focuses on the completion of meaningful tasks. In TBLT, learners are presented with a task that requires the use of language to accomplish a specific goal. These tasks can be simulations of real-life situations or problem-solving activities. By engaging in these tasks, learners develop their language skills while also achieving the task objective. TBLT promotes both language acquisition and the development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills.5. Technology-enhanced language teachingTechnology has revolutionized language teaching and learning. It provides teachers and learners with access to an array of digital resources and tools. Technology-enhanced language teaching encompasses the use ofeducational software, online platforms, multimedia materials, and interactive activities. It enhances learner engagement and provides opportunities for independent learning. Integration of technology in language teaching opens up new possibilities for personalized and adaptive instruction.ConclusionEnglish language teaching methods continually evolve to meet the needs of diverse learners. It is essential for language teachers to keep abreast of current approaches and techniques to maximize instructional effectiveness. The approaches discussed in this unit, including the communicative approach, lexical approach, task-based language teaching, and technology-enhanced language teaching, provide teachers with valuable frameworks to deliver comprehensive and engaging language instruction. By applying these methods, language teachers can foster language learning and promote language proficiency development in their students.(Word count: 585)。

小学英语教法与学法

常用的小学英语教学方法英语教学法中英对照1 Communicative approach: the project is based on ideas and communication capabilities of the system to develop students communicative competence teachings. The purpose is to enable students to use language to communicate, it is important to enable students to communicate with each other, taking into account the role and status of the people, taking into account the subject involved, and scenarios so that they can use language appropriately.2 Games, teaching methods: The game is the form of review words, sentences, practicing the new language point, so that students learn in blending music, in the lively, light agitated, pleasant atmosphere naturally obtain the knowledge and skills in English. Games require a brief and easy to have fun, but also closely related to teaching content with the lesson.3 Scenario teaching: teachers create scenarios or simulated scenes of life, should have a real, vivid, practical features, ease of language students have learned the material synthesis, a creative way to express the exchange. This exercise method, and a nearly life communicative function, but also to become monotonous, mechanical drills sentence for lively, vivid communicative practice.4 Action Method: In the lower grades in English teaching, with a specific image of the gestures, movements to support English language learning, stimulate students interest in learning, enhance learning.5 The activity approach: that in accordance with physical and mental development of students at different stages of the process to design, layout situations, provide materials to enable students to actively participate in the free operation, observe and ponder. Through activities for the students themselves understand things, identify problems and arrive at answers, to explore the potential of students.6 Trinity teaching: is based on letters, phonemes, phonetic intrinsic link between their business andcross-relations will be three integrated teaching methods.7 Natural law: This approach allows students to have learned knowledge, based on their level of proficiency to participate in activities.8 Total physical response method: the mobilization of students, sense organs, so that students through the various parts of the body in action to achieve the purpose of memory.9 Cooperative learning: Students are through participation in Pair work and group work activities, forstudents to practice language and learn from each other the conditions and opportunities.10 Functional-notional method: This method is available to the teachers focus on students in a particular session or when a certain context may use the language, so that they perceive their capabilities to use in communication.1、交际法：是根据意念项目和交际功能发展学生交际能力的系统教法。

英语教学法

Task-based Language Teaching 任务语言教学法TBLT leads Ss to learn English by fulfilling a realtask in order to improve their ability of using English. It can involve any of the four language skills and use tasks to stimulate real communication in the target language in classroom. Therefore, it creates a real purpose for language use and providing a natural context for language study. As a new ly developed approach, it meets the demand of Ss practicing the real-world activities in English. The Ss are required to cooperate or discuss with each other by communicating frequently, so their language learning becomes more active.Communicative approach 交际法Communicative approach refers to that the Ss and teachers should genuinely communicate with each other using English. The most obvious advantage of these kind techniques is that it puts the learners in realistic situations. By certain situations, the Ss can have the opportunity to practise English, particularly the vocabulary related to that situation. In addition, they can express what they want to say whenever the situation calls for it. The teacher provides the best conditions for learning through creating the realist situation.Porblems in the present English teaching and causes of these problemsAs present, English teaching reform has been carried out in schools, some teaching reform has been succeeded, but there are still some problems in English teaching. The students who have had several years of training in English are still unable to actually use the language. For example, the students can’t understand what the teachers have said and they can’t express themselves, their ability of listenin g and speaking is not up to standard. They can’t communicate with others in English. What they have learned is only used in examination. Many people believe that is is because the teachers do not do their job properly. Actually, many teachers ignore the importance of the students’ ability of listening and speaking. Now the teachers have been faced with the problem of improving the students’ ability of listening and speaking.English teaching reform is carried out on a national-wide scale, how do we evaluate it? Most of headmasters and teachers only pay attention to the marks of the entrance examination. It seems that some students have got high marks in examination, but their listening and speaking are very poor, they can’t communicate with what they hav e learned. Secondary school students have taken six years to master the essential of English and still are not able to speak the language well in many cases. In essence, the students’ language ability is incomplete.Furthermore, many teachers think that they have taught the basic knowledge of the language to students; it is simple enough for the students to use the knowledge, later, to communicate. However, it wrong to think that knowledge of how sentences are used in communication follows from knowledge of the correct way to make them. The thought of teachers is also a reason resulting in the fact ------- the students’ language is incomplete. Investigating the west education of foreign language, we can find that the teachers never divide the four abilities in their teaching. They always put the training students’ speaking ability at the first place, they drill the students’ listening ability in the whole communicative process. So our teachers face with the problem of changing our teaching methods to improve the students’ ability of listening and speaking.一.直接教学法（The Direct Method）在课堂上直接使用目的語（target language）做沟通工具，不藉任何母语的翻译，教师于課前需预备图片、地图、教具等帮助学生出于学习情景之下，了解课文意义。

英语常用的八种教学方法英语表达

英语常用的八种教学方法英语表达The English Teaching MethodsEnglish is an important language that is used in many fields, and teaching English is an important role for teachers to play in society. Most teachers use different ways to teach English, such as the eight common English teaching methods: group discussion, listening training, goal setting, humour, field trip, cooperative learning, role play, and technology.Group discussion is a teaching method that focuses on students’ interactions with each other and their ability to use English in a group setting. By doing group activities, students will gain the confidence to use English to communicate with others and develop better listening and speaking skills.Listening training provides effective instructional techniques to help students improve their listening skills. The teacher can use audio material and audio-visual materials to promote the students’ understanding of the words and phrases.Goal setting is another English teaching method which aims to help students develop a set of goals to work towards. The teacher can assign tasks to the students and encourage them to complete their goals and progress in their English ability.Humor can be a great way to engage students and make learning English fun and memorable. Humorous activities and jokes can help to engage the students and make the class enjoyable.Field trips are a great way for students to use English in a practical way. By taking the students out of the classroom and taking them on a field trip, they will be able to use English in a practical setting and gain a better understanding of the language.Cooperative learning is a teaching method that encourages studentsto work together in a group to solve problems. By working together andcollaborating on tasks, students will be able to help each other and develop better working relationships.Role play is an effective way to teach English, as it allows students to practice their English skills in a safe and comfortable environment. In role play, the teacher can assign different roles to the students and ask them to act out English conversations, which will help them improve their grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation.Finally, technology is also an important teaching method for teaching English. By using technology, teachers can provide students with interactive tools and resources to help them learn English. Technology can also be used to help students practice their listening and speaking skills.These are the eight common English teaching methods that can be used by teachers to effectively teach English to their students. By using these different teaching methods, teachers can help their students to become more confident in their use of English and to develop a better understanding of the language.。

英语教学法

八种教学法：1) The grammer-translation method2) The direct method3) The oral approach4) The audiolingual method5) The cognitive approach6) The natural approach7）The communicative approach8）The task-based language teaching注：7）,8）相似处很多五种教学活动：Group work, Pair work, Role play, Brain storming, Guessing games期末考试题型及评分细则1.Give both the full name and Chinese of each of these abbreviated words. （10）(1) TBLT Task-based Language Teaching 任务型教学法(2) TESL teach English as a second language英语作为二语教学(3) CAI Computer- Aided Instruction 计算机辅助教学(4) TEFL teach English as a foreign language 英语作为外语教学(5) CLT Communicative Language Teaching 交际教学法(6) LAD Language Acquisition Device 语言习得机制(7) ESL English as a second language英语作为二语(8) FLTM foreign language teaching methodology 外语教学法(9) PPP presentation practice production “三P”教学法(10) PPPP preparation presentation practice production 四位一体教学法评分细则：本题共有5个小题，每小题2分，共计10分。

英语教学法三种语言观

英语教学法三种语言观
英语教学法中有三种常见的语言观，它们分别是交际语言观、认知语言观和社会语言观。

1. 交际语言观（Communicative Language Teaching Approach）：交际语言观认为语言是交流的工具，学习者学习英语的目的是为了能够流利地与他人进行交流。

在教学中，注重培养学生的听、说、读、写能力，并强调真实的交际情境和真实的语言使用。

2. 认知语言观（Cognitive Language Teaching Approach）：认
知语言观认为语言学习是一种认知过程，学习者需要经过个人内化、记忆和加工等认知活动来掌握语言。

在教学中，注重学生的认知发展和思维方式的培养，教师会引导学生积极探索语言规律和策略。

3. 社会语言观（Social Language Teaching Approach）：社会语
言观认为语言是社会文化的反映，学习者学习英语的目的是为了在社会交往中获得更多的参与机会和成功。

在教学中，注重培养学生的跨文化意识和社会语言能力，教师会让学生了解和体验不同的文化，提供真实的社会语境和情境来帮助学生学习语言。

这三种语言观在英语教学中都有一定的适用性，教师可以根据学生的需求和教学目标选择合适的语言观来进行教学。

英语教学法教程第二版(王蔷)1-5单元学习笔记

Unit1 Language and Language Learning1.1How do we learn language?（如何学习语言）Much of human behavior is influenced by their experiences. The way language teachers teach in the classroom is to some extent influenced by the way they learned languages.1.2Views on language（学习观）1.3Views on language learning and learning in generalNow, the research about language learning theories can be broadly divided into two parts. They are Process-oriented theories and Condition-oriented theories. Some researchers attempt to formulate teaching approaches directly from these theories. For example, the Natural Approach, Total physical Response, and the Silent Way are based on one or more dimensions of processes and conditions. Here are What is done in these processes.1.4What makes a good language teacher?(好教师的素质要素)①Ethic devotion ②Professional qualities ③Personal styles1.5How can we become a good language teacher?(如何成为一名好的语言老师)The most important and difficult part of the making of a good language teacher is the development of professional competence, which is the state or quality of being adequately qualified for the profession, and armed with a specific range of skills, strategies, knowledge, and ability.Teacher’s professional development1.6An overview of the bookUnit2 Communication Principles and Task-based Language Teaching 2.1 Language use in real life vs. traditional pedagogy2.2 What is communicative competence?communicative competence includes both the knowledge about the language and the knowledge about how to use the language appropriately in communicative situation.2.3 Implications for teaching and learning (略)2.4 Principles of Communicative Language Teaching(CLT)1）Communication principle: Activities that involves real communication promote learning.2) Task principle: Activities in which language is used for carry out meaningful tasks promote learning.3) Meaningfulness principle: Language that is meaningful to the learner supports the learning process.2.5 CLT and the teaching of language skills2.6 Main features of Communicative activities2.7 Task-based Language Teaching(TBLT)Task-based Language Teaching is, in fact, a further development of Communicative Language Teaching.2.7.1 Definitions of a task√√2.7.2 Four components of a task.1) A purpose: making sure the students have a reason for undertaking the task.2) A context: this can be real, simulated, or imaginary, and involves sociolinguistic issues such as the location, the participants and their relationship, the time, and other important factors.3) A process: getting the students to use learning strategies such as problemsolving, reasoning, inquiring, conceptualizing and communicating.4) A product: there well be some form of outcome, either visible(written plan, a play, a letter, etc.) or invisible (enjoying a story, learning about another country, etc.)2.7.3 Exercises, exercise-tasks and taskexercise exercise-task task2.8 PPP and Task-based Language TeachingMany teachers may be familiar with the Presentation, Practice and Production(PPP). A typical PPP lesson would start by the teacher introducing a new language item in a context followed by some controlled practice, such as drilling, repetition, dialogue reading, etc. Students then move on to produce the language in a more meaningful way, such as a role play, a drama, an interview, etc. Some teachers may also be familiar with the five-step teaching method, which is quite similar to the PPP model but adding revision at the beginning and consolidation at the end.2.8.1 Differences between PPP and TBL1) The way students use and experience language in TBL is rapidly different from PPP.2) TBL can provide a context for grammar teaching and form-focused activities. PPP is different in this aspect.2.9 How to design tasks?√√2.10 Appropriateness of CLT and TBLT in the Chinese context1)The problems of CLT: ①If CLT is culturally appropriate.（Both its advantages and constraints are recognized by teachers and students.）②It is very difficult to design a syllabus with a one to one correspondence between a function and a form.2)The problems of TBLT: ①It may not be effective for presenting new language items.(Swan,2005) ②Time. Teachers have to prepare task-based activities very carefully. ③The culture of learning. Some students may find it difficult to adapt to TBLT. ④The level of difficulty. Students mayfind task-based learning quite difficult if they do not have sufficient linguistic resources to handle holistic communication.2.11 ConclusionIt is important to remember that a method is effective only when it is appropriate to the teaching context. Therefore, when a new method or approach emerges, it is unwise to simply cast away the traditional and follow the new trend. The best thing to do is to develop one’s own teaching methods based on the context where one teaches and integrates the merits of different methodologies to serve the purpose of one’s teaching objectives and the needs of one’s students.Unit3 The National English Curriculum3.1 A brief history of foreign language teaching in ChinaUnit4 Lesson Planning4.1 Why is lesson planning important?Definition: A lesson plan is a framework of a lesson in which teachers make advance decisions about what they hope to achieve and how they would like to achieve it.Reasons: ①A clear lesson plan makes the teacher aware of the aims and language contents of the lesson.②It helps teachers distinguish thevarious stages of a lesson and see the relationship between them so that the activities of different difficulty levels can be arranged properly and the lesson can move smoothly from one stage to another.③Proper lesson planning gives teachers the opportunity to anticipate potential problems that may arise in class so that they can be prepared with some possible solutions or other options for the lesson. ④Good planning gives teachers, especially novice teachers confidence in class. ⑤When planning the lesson, the teacher also becomes aware of the teaching aids that are needed for the lesson.⑥Planning is a good practice and a sign of professionalism.4.2 Principles for good lesson planning4.3 Macro planning vs. micro planning.（宏观计划vs.微观计划）The components of macro planning:(宏观计划包含的内容)1)Knowing about the profession.2)Knowing about the institution.3)Knowing about the learners.4)Knowing about the curriculum/syllabus.5)Knowing about the textbook.6)Knowing about the objectives.4.4 Components of a lesson planDifferent teachers have different teaching styles and may use different teaching procedures, so ‘every lesson is unique’(Robertson and Acklam,2000:6), and so is every lesson plan. A lesson plan include many parts.Unit5 Classroom ManagementDefinition：Classroom management is the way teachers organize what goes on in the classroom.Goal:To create an atmosphere conductive to interacting in English in meaningful ways.(Gebhard,1996)Conditions for achieving classroom management:1)The teacher plays appropriate roles.2)The teacher provides clear instructions.3)Students are grouped in a way suitable for the learning activities.4)The teacher asks appropriate questions.5)There is discipline as well as harmony in the class.6)The students errors are treated properly.5.1 The role of the teacherWhat are the teacher’s roles defined by Harmer?①controller ②assessor ③organiser ④prompter ⑤participant⑥resource-providerWhat are teacher’s new roles?①facilitators ②guides ③researchers5.2 Classroom instructionsDefinition: Classroom instructions refer to the type of language teachers use to organize or guide learning. They include giving directions to tasks or activities; providing explanations to a concept or language structure; setting requirements; checking comprehension; drawing attention; motivating learners; giving feedback and assigning homework, etc. Generally they include all classroom language that teachers may use for teaching purposes as well as for managing teaching.What are rules to follow for making instructions effective?①To use simple instructions and make them suit the comprehensionlevel of the students.②To use the mother-tongue only when it is necessary.③To be careful not to do all the talking in class.。

英语教学法教程教案

英语教学法教程教案Teaching PlanⅠ.Background information:●Analysis of the teaching material:This reading material is from Unit10,Section A I’m Going to be a Basketball Player. The topic of the lesson is talking about occupation. This topic is attractive and interesting because it is close to Students’ daily life. But some new words and expressions are difficult for students to understand.●Analysis of the students:The students are in junior high school, Grade 2.They have mastered a basic knowledge of English, but they may be unaware of some new words and expressions . Besides, they may have different ideas of what they are going to be in the future and they are curious about some jobs.Ⅱ. Teaching objectives1.Knowledge objectives:Students can learn some important words and expressions: professional, pilot, programmer, engineer,dream job, grow up, move to, exhibition, resolutions, get good grades, get a part-time job, make more friends2.Ability objectives1)students can understand the words and expression of future intensions2)students can understand the dialogue about future intensions3) students can talk with other students about their future intensions usingthe structure pattern “be going to”3..Affective objectivesEveryone has their own dreams and plans for the future and look forward to the future career. People often talk about their ideas, so this part can stimulate the students' learning initiativeand interest in learning.Ⅲ. Key points and difficult points.1.key point1）vocabulary: professional, pilot, programmer, engineer, exhibition, resolutions……2) sentence pattern: --What are you going to be…--I’m going to be….--How are you going to do……--I’m going to ……2. Difficult point and solutions一般将来时be going to 中be 的具体形式和后面接动词原形的用法学生容易混淆. 学生根据自己喜欢的职业，运用所学知识谈论自己打算怎样做来实现目标则既是难点，又是能力训练点。

英语教学法流派Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching.ppt

4. 教授新课文：教师出示一幅表述课文内容的图画。一边讲解图画，一边检查学生是否理解。讲解后根据图画提问，要求学生回答。
5. 学生两人一组根据图画提问与回答。全班唱一首英语歌结束一课。
Advantage
Ss’ correct pronunciation and better oral skills are developed because no native language is used.
2. Only everyday vocabulary and sentences were taught.
3. Grammar was taught inductively.
4. New teaching points were introduced orally.
5. Concrete vocabulary is taught through demonstration, objects, and pictures. Abstract vocabulary is taught by association of ideas.
Until the 19th century, grammar –translation method became widely approved and used in the whole world.
1. Understanding and memorization of complicated grammatical rules of languages were regarded as important means of development mentality.
Background
In the late 19th century in Europe, for economic development, the communication among nations became more frequent. Foreign language learning was highly demanded. Oral communication became the main goal of foreign language teaching.

英语教学法教程教案

英语教学法教程教案英语教学法教程教案A Course in English Language Teaching教材：《英语教学法教程》主编：王蔷出版社：高等教育出版社陇南师范高等专科学校外语系2008年6月22日Introduction1.The name of this course.1)Methodology of English Teaching2)Methodology of English teaching at middle school/secondary school3)Teaching English as a Foreign Language/TEFL & TESL4) English, Teach it Better2.The nature of language teaching1) What's methodology?English teaching methodology is a set of methods used for study or action in English teaching. It is the science to research the Teaching rules at middle school, which will guide our teaching to develop the students' communicative competence.2) The definition of teaching.Teaching is an attempt to help someone acquire, or change some skills, attitude),knowledge, ideal, or appreciation. In other words, the teacher's task is to create or influence desirable changes in behavior, or in tendencies toward behavior, in his students.3) The purpose of English teachinga. To improve their four skills.b. To cultivate their communicative competence.c. To show them the way to study themselves.3.The significance of learning this course.1) Teaching is a highly demanded art.(4 skills & sing, play, draw and make)2) Teacher's qualificationsa. subject matter competenceb. professional competencec. personal attitude.3)The aims of this course.a)to provide you with the rationale of English teaching at middle school, which will be proved necessary and advantageous to the reform of English teaching.b)to help you to clear the importance as well as the aims of English teaching at middle school in present China.c)to provide you with chances to familiarize with the graded contents of the textbooks in the junior section, analysis of the textbook and to learn the syllabus for middle school English.d)to introduce some commonly used techniques and methods adopted in teaching pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary and the cultivation of the students' 4 skills.e)to help you so solve some problems concerning the classroom instruction.f)to make some preparations for the coming teaching practice.4.How to present this course.1) lectures2) readings3) discussions4) watch video demonstrations5) mini-teaching6) practice writing teaching plan and peer teaching.5.The relationship between methodology of English and the other subjects. linguistics, psychology, pedagogy, philosophy, Question：1.What qualifications, in your opinion, should a teacher of English possess?2.Do you think you will perform well in your future teaching? What qualifications have you obtained now? What will you do if you haven't got the required qualifications?3.Who was your admirable teacher of English at junior school?What do you think of him/her?Unit 1 Language and Learning1.Teaching Aims:To discuss some general matters about language learning and teaching, such as common views on language and language learning, qualities of a good language teacher.2.Teaching Content:How do we learn language?Views on languageViews on language learningWhat is good language teacher?How can one become a good language teacher?An overview of the book3. Teaching Hours: 4 periods4. Teaching materials:TextbookHandout5.Teaching Methods:1) Lecture ( Computer-aided Instruction)2)Demonstration6. Teaching Procedures:1) Information about language and language learningThree views about the nature of language: There are many possible theoretical positions about the nature of language. Here are three different views which explicitly or implicitly is reflected in current approaches to language learning.A. The structural view of languageThe structural view of language is that language is a system of structurally related elements for the transmission of meaning.a. These elements are usually described as phonological units (phonemes) grammatical units (phrases, clauses, sentences) grammatical operations (adding, shifting, joining or transforming elements)lexical items (function words and structure words)b. Target of language learningThe target of language learning, in the structural view, is the mastery of elements of this system.c. Methods based on this viewSome of the language learning methods based on this view of language are:the Audiolingual methodTotal Physical Responsethe Silent WayB. The communicative view of languageThe communicative, or functional view of language is the view that language is a vehicle for the expression of functional meaning. The semantic and communicative dimensions of language are more emphasized than the grammatical characteristics, although these are also included.a. Here are some of the areas of research in this view of language: sociolinguistics ; pragmatics ; semanticsb. Target of language learning : The target of language learning is to learn to express communication functions and categories of meaningc. Approaches and methods based on this viewSome of the language learning approaches and methods based on this view of language are: communicative approaches functional-notional syllabusesThe Natural ApproachC. The interactional view of languageThe interactional view of language sees language primarily as the means for establishing and maintaining interpersonal relationships and for performing social transactions between individuals.a. Here are some of the areas of research in this view of language:interactional analysisconversational analysisethnomethodologyb. Target of language learning: The target of language learning in the interactional view is learning to initiate and maintain conversations with other people.c. Approaches and methods based on this viewSome of the language learning approaches and methods based on this view of language are:Strategic interactioncommunicative approaches2) Teaching Methods in the Language Classroom:FL teachers must provide students with adequate teachingmethodology and time, as well as appropriate vocabulary and learning activities that will allow for the development of verbal skills.There is no single "BEST WAY" to teach. The question teachers must address is which methods are best employed during the different stages of the teaching and learning process and then design curriculum to meet their final objectives/goals.a. Grammar Translation:The Grammar Translation method started around the time of Erasmus (1466-1536). Its primary focus is on memorization of verb paradigms, grammar rules, and vocabulary. Application of this knowledge was directed on translation of literary texts--focusing of developing students' appreciation of the target language's literature as well as teaching the language. Activities utilized in today's classrooms include: questions that follow a reading passage; translating literary passages from one language to another; memorizing grammar rules; memorizing native-language equivalents of target language vocabulary. (Highly structured class work with the teacher controlling all activities.)b. Direct Method:The Direct Method was introduced by the German educator Wilhelm Vi?tor in the early 1800's. Focusing on oral language, it requires that all instruction be conducted in the target language with no recourse to translation. Reading and writing are taught from the beginning, although speaking and listening skills are emphasized--grammar is learned inductively. It has a balanced, four-skill emphasis.c. The Silent Way:The teacher is active in setting up classroom situations while the students do most of the talking and interaction amongthemselves. All four skills (listening, speaking, reading & writing) are taught from the beginning. Student errors are expected as a normal part of learning; the teacher's silence helps to foster self-reliance and student initiative.d. Community Language Learning:Teachers recognize that learning can be threatening and by understanding and accepting students' fears, they help their students feel secure and overcome their fears of language learning--ultimately providing students with positive energy directed at language learning. Students choose what they want to learn in the class and the syllabus is learner-generated.e. Natural Approach:Introduced by Gottlieb Henese and Dr. L. Sauveur in Boston around 1866. The Natural Approach is similar to the Direct Method, concentrating on active demonstrations to convey meaning by associating words and phrases with objects and actions. Associations are achieved via mime, paraphrase and the use of manipulatives. Terrell (1977) focused on the principles of meaningful communication, comprehension before production, and indirect error correction. Krashen's (1980) input hypothesis is applied in the Naturale. Reading Method:The reading method was prominent in the U.S. following the Committee of Twelve in 1900 and following the Modern Foreign Language Study in 1928. The earlier method was similar to the traditional Grammar/Translation method and emphasized the transference of linguistic understanding to English. Presently, the reading method focuses more on silent reading for comprehension purposes.f. ASTP and the Audiolingual Method:This approach is based on the behaviorist belief that language learning is theacquisition of a set of correct language habits. The learner repeats patterns and phrases in the language laboratory until able to reproduce them spontaneously. ASTP (Army Specialized Training Program) was an intensive, specialized approach to language instruction used in during the 1940's. In the postwar years, the civilian version of ASTP and the audiolingual method featured memorization of dialogues, pattern drills, and emphasis on pronunciation.g. Cognitive Methods:Cognitive methods of language teaching are based on meaningful acquisition of grammar structures followed by meaningful practice.h. Communicative Methods:The goal of communicative language approaches is to create a realistic context for language acquisition in the classroom. The focus is on functional language usage and the ability to learners to express their own ideas, feelings, attitudes, desires and needs. Open ended questioning and problem-solving activities and exchanges of personal information are utilized as the primary means of communication. Students usually work with authentic materials (authentic realia) in small groups on communication activities, during which they receive practice in negotiating meaning.i. Total Physical Response Method:This approach to second language teaching is based on the belief that listening comprehension should be fully developed before any active oralparticipation from students is expected (just as it is withchildren when theyare learning their native language) .James Ashers' Total Physical Response:Skills in second language acquisition can be more rapidly assimilated if the teacher appeals to the students' kinesthetic-sensory system. Asher believes that understanding of the spoken language must be developed in advance of speaking.Understanding and retention is best achieved through movement (total movement of the student's bodies) in response to command sequences. Asher believes that the imperative form of language is a powerful tool that can be used to guide them to understanding as it manipulates their behavior--many of the gramatical structures of the target language can be learned through the use of the imperative.Never force students to speak before they are ready. Asher believes that as the target language is internalized, speaking will automatically emerge (you must decide, as the teacher, when YOU will encourage your students to participate orally in the classroom).7.Homework:What are difference between learning the first language and a foreign language? What are the qualities of a good language teacher? T o what extent have you got these qualities? What do you think you should do so as to become a good teacher in the future?What are the qualities of good language learner? What do they suggest to language teaching?8.Self-assessment:Because students are not familiar with these theroy on the language and view of thelanguage, it is very difficult to help Ss understand it. So it requires T explain it in details with the help of clare illustration and examples by using vediotapes. To get students read more on linguistics and schools of language methors is also necessary.。

高中英语说课中的教法和学法

高中英语说课中的教法和学法在高中英语说课中，教法和学法是两个核心要素，它们指导着教学活动的设计和实施。

教法（Teaching Methods）指的是教师采用的教学策略、技巧和程序，而学法（Learning Methods）则是指学生在学习过程中所运用的方法和技巧。

有效的教法能够激发学生的学习兴趣，提高学习效率；合适的学法则能帮助学生更好地吸收和掌握知识。

以下是一些在高中英语教学中可能使用的教法和学法：教法：1.直接教学法（Direct Method）：教师直接用英语进行教学，鼓励学生模仿和实践，强调语音、语调和口语交流。

2.任务型教学法（Task-Based Language Teaching, TBLT）：通过完成具体的任务来学习语言，如项目研究、角色扮演等，以提高学生的语言实际运用能力。

3.交际式教学法（Communicative Language Teaching, CLT）：强调语言的交际功能，通过模拟真实生活中的交际情景来教授语言。

4.合作学习（Cooperative Learning）：鼓励学生分组合作，通过讨论、协作完成任务等方式共同学习。

5.多媒体教学：利用多媒体技术如视频、音频、互联网资源等丰富教学内容，提高学生的听说读写能力。

6.差异化教学（Differentiated Instruction）：根据学生的不同需求和水平，提供不同的教学内容和方法。

学法：1.主动学习（Active Learning）：学生积极参与课堂活动，通过提问、讨论等方式主动构建知识。

2.自主学习（Autonomous Learning）：学生在教师的指导下，自己规划学习目标和进度，自我监控学习过程。

3.同伴学习（Peer Learning）：学生与同伴一起学习，通过互相教学、分享知识和经验来提高学习效果。

4.批判性思维（Critical Thinking）：学生在学习过程中运用分析和评价的技巧，深入理解语言材料的内容和形式。

英语教学法教程知识点总结

英语教学法教程知识点总结FLTM: foreign language teaching methodology is a science which studies the processes and patterns of foreign language teaching, aiming at revealing the natural and laws of foreign languages.Major approaches in FLT:Grammar-translation method (deductive演绎法)Direct method (inductive归纳法)Audio-lingual methodHumanistic approaches: that emphasize the development of human values, growth in self-awareness and in the understanding of others, sensitivity to human feelings and emotions, and active student involvement in learning and in the way human learning takes palaceThe silent waySuggestopediaCommunity language learning (CLL)Total physical response method (TPR)●The natural approach(NA)●The communic ative approach(CA )An approach is a set of correlative assumptions dealing with the nature of language teaching ad leaning. Approach is axiomatic. It describes the nature of the subject matter to b taught.Method is an overall plan for the orderly presentation of language material, no part of which contradicts, and all of which is based upon, the selected approach. An approach is axiomatic, a method is procedural. Within one approach, there can be many methods.A technique is implementation---that which actually takes place in a classroom. It is a particular trick, stratagem, or contrivance used to accomplish an immediate objective. Techniques must b consistent with amethod, and therefore I harmony with an approach as well.Views on language:Structural view: the structural view of language sees language as a linguistic system made up of various subsystems: the sound system (phonology); the discrete units of meaning produced by sound combinations (morphology); and the system of combining units of meaning for communication (syntax).Functional view: the functional view not only sees language as a linguistic system but also means for doing things. Functional activities: offering, suggesting, advising, apologizing, etc.International view: considers language to be a communicative tool, whose main use is to build up and maintain social relations between people. Therefore, learners not only need to know the grammar and vocabulary of the language but as importantly theyneed to know the rules for using them in a whole range of communicative contexts. Process-oriented theories: are concerned with how the mind organizes new information such as habit formation, induction, making inference, hypothesis testing and generalization.Condition-oriented theories: emphasize the nature of the human and physical context in which language learning takes place, such as the number of students, the kind of input learners receives, and the atmosphere.Behaviorist theory, the idea of this method is that language is learned by constant repletion and the reinforcement of the teacher. Mistakes were immediately corrected, and correct utterances were immediately praised.Cognitive theory,language is not a form of behavior, it is an intricate rule-based system and a large part of language acquisition is the learning of this system. Constructivist theory,believes that learningis a process in which the learner constructs meaning based on his/her own experiences and what he/she already knows. Socio-constructivist theory, similar to constructivist theory, socio-constructivist theory emphasizes interaction and engagement with the target language in a social context based on the concept of “Zone of Proximal Development” (ZPD) and scaffolding.Ethic devotion, professional qualities and personal stylesCLT: communicative language teachingTBLT: task-based language teachingThe goal of CLT is to develop students’ communicative competence, which includes both the knowledge about the language and the knowledge about how to use the language appropriately in communicative situations. P16Hedge discusses five main components of communicative competence: linguistic competence, pragmatic competence, discourse competence, strategic competence, and fluency.Howatt proposes a weak and a strong version of CLT.Weak version: learners first acquire language as a structural system and then learn how to use it in communication. --- the weak version regards overt teaching of language forms and functions as necessary means for helping learners to develop the ability to use them for communication. Strong version: language is acquired through communication. The learners discover the structural system in the process of leaning how to communicate.---regards experiences of using the language as the main means or necessary conditions for learning a language as they provide the experience for learners to see how language is used in communication. Communicative activities: P24Tasks are activities where the target language is used by the leaner for acommunicative purpose (goal) in order to achieve an outcome.Four components of a task: a purpose, a context, a process, and a productTasks focus on the complete act of communication. (Purposeful & contextualized communication). Exercises focus the students’ attention on the individual aspects of language, such as vocabulary, grammar or individual skills. (Focus on individual language items)Exercise-task comes halfway between tasks and exercises, consists of contextualized practice of language item.PPP: for teaching a new structure-based lesson, content lesson, presentation (introduces new vocabulary and grammatical structures), practice (the lesson moves from controlled practice to guided practice and exploitation of the texts when necessary) and production (the students are encouraged to use what they are learned and practiced to perform communicative tasks)The importance of lesson planning: 1. an unprepared teacher begins of a disastrous lesson.2. An unprepared teacher receives less trust and cooperation from the students.3. The students are different, the time is different, and the mood is different.Lesson Planning: is a framework of a lesson in which teachers make advance decisions about what they hope to achieve and how they would like to achieve it. In other words, teachers need to think about the aims to be achieved, materials to be covered, activities to be organized, and techniques and resources to be used in order to achieve the aims of the lesson.Principles for good lesson planning: aim, variety, flexibility, learnability, and linkage.Variety: planning a number of different types of activities and wherepossible, introducing students to a wide selection of materials so that learning is always interesting, motivating and never monotonous for the students.Flexibility: preparing some extra and alternative tasks and activities at the class does not always go according to the plan so that teachers always have the option to cope with the unexpected situations rather than being the slaves of written plans or one methodology.Learnability: within capability of the students, not be too easy or beyond or below the students’ cop ing ability.Linkage: easy task followed by a comparatively difficult one, or doa series of language-focused activities to get the students prepared linguistically. Components of a lesson planning: background information, teaching aims, language content and skills, stages and procedures, teaching aids, assigXXXents, and teacher’s after-lesson reflection. For skill-oriented lesson, focusing on developing skills, the modelis applicable---pre-(reading), while-, post-. (Pre-step, while-step, post-step) Classroom management is the way teachers organize what goes on in the classroom.The role of the teacher: controller, assessor (evaluator, correcting mistakes and organizing feedback), organizer (organize and design task that students can perform in the class), prompter推动者(give appropriate prompts and give hints), participant, resource-provider, teacher’s new roles.There are rules to follow for making instructions effective.●The first is to use simple instructions and make them suit the comprehensive levelof the students.●The second rule is to use the mother-tongue only when it is necessary.●Give students time to get used to listening to English instructionsand help themake an effort to understand them.●Use body language to assist understanding and stick to it each time you teach theclass.Student grouping: whole class group—same activity at the same rhythm and pace, lockstep, pair work, group work, individual studyDiscipline: refers to a code of conduct which binds a teacher and a group of students together so that learning can be more effective.Questioning in the classroom:Classification of question types: 1.closed questions and open questions 2.display questions and genuine questions 3.lower-order questions and higher-order questions 4.taxonomyClosed questions refer to those with only one s ingle correct answer while open questions may invite many different answers.Display questions are those that the answers are already known to the teacher and they are used for checking if students know the answer, too. Genuine questions are questions which are used to find out new information and since they often reflect real context, they are more communicative. Lower-order questions refer to those that simple require recalling of information or memorization of facts while higher order questions require more reasoning, analysis, and evaluation.Simple question and difficult questionA mistake refers to a performance error that is either a random guess or an “a slip of tongue”, it’s a failure performance to a known system.An error has direct relation with the learners’ language competence. Results from Lack of knowledge in the target language. Language error cannot be self-corrected no matter how much attention is paidDealing with spoken errors: tasks or activities are focusing onaccuracy or fluency. Balance between accuracy-based activities and fluency-based activities..When to correct: fluency work---not to interrupt, after the student’s performance; accuracy work---need to intervene moreHow to correct: direct teacher correction, indirect teacher correction,self-correction, peer correction, whole class correction.Goal of teaching pronunciation:Consistency: the pronunciation should be smooth and naturalIntelligibility: the pronunciation should be understandable t o the listeners Communicative efficiency: the pronunciation should help convey the meaning that is intended by the speaker.Aspects of pronunciation: besides sounds and phonetic symbols, such as stress (strong and weak form, word stress and sentencestress),intonation and rhythm (variation).Perception practice: using minimal pairs, which order, same or different? Odd and out, Completion.Production practice: listen and repeat, fill the blanks, make up sentences, use meaningful context, use picture, use tongue twisters. Grammar presentation: The deductive method, the inductive method, the guided discovery methodGrammar practice: mechanical practice and meaningful/ communicative practice.Mechanical practice: involves activities that are aimed at form accuracy. Students pay repeated attention to a key element in a structure. Substitution drill and transformation drills.Meaningful practice: focus on the production, comprehension or exchange of meaning though the students keep an eye on the way newly learned structures are used in the process. It comes after mechanicalpractice. (Comparatives and superlatives). Using picture prompts, using mimes or gestures as prompts, using information sheet as prompts, using key phrases or key words as prompts, using chained phrases for story telling, using created situations.What does knowing a word involve? Denotative meaning; connotative meaning; chunk/collocations; synonyms, antonyms and hyponyms; receptive and productive vocabulary.Denotative meaning of a word or a lexical item refers to those words that we use to label things as regards real objects, such as a name or a sign, etc. in the physical world. Primary meaning of a word.A connotative meaning of a word refers to the attitudes or emotions of a language user in choosing a word and the influence of these on the listener or reader’s in terpretation of the word.Collocations refer to words that co-occur with high frequency and have been accepted as ways for the use of words. For instance, see, look at, watch.Hyponyms refer to words which can be grounded together under the same superordinate concept.Receptive/passive vocabulary refers to words that one is able to recognize and comprehend in reading or listening but unable to use automatically in speaking or writing. Those words that one is not only able to recognize but also able to use in speech and writing are considered as one’s productive/active vocabulary.Ways of presenting vocabulary: inductive and deductive.Ways of consolidating vocabulary: labeling; spot the difference; describe and draw; play a game; use words series; word bingo; word association; finding synonyms and antonyms; categories; using word net-work; using the internet resources for more ideas.Developing vocabulary learning strategies: review regularly, guessmeaning from context, organize vocabulary effectively, use a dictionary, and manage strategy use. Principles and models for teaching listening: focus on process, combine listening with other skills (listening can be practice with not-taking, and answers, role plays, retelling, interviewing, discussions, or a writing task), focus on the comprehension of meaning, grade difficulty level appropriately, principles for selecting and using listening activities.Two approaches are frequently used to describe different processes of listening. Bottom-up model and Top-down model.Bottom-up model: 从细节入手start with sound and meaning recognitions. Listeners construct meaning of what they hear based on the sound they hear, expect the listeners have a very effective short-term memory as they have to make sense of every sound in order to figure out the meaning of words, phrase, and structures. If there are unfamiliar sounds, listeners will find it very difficult to keep up with speaker. ---recognizing sounds of words, phrases or structures.Top-down model: 着重概要listening for gist and making use of the contextual clues and background knowledge to construct meaning are emphasized. Listeners can understand better if they already have some knowledge in their mind about the topic. Such knowledge is also termed as prior knowledge or schematic knowledge---mental frameworks for various things and experience we hold in our long-term memory. ---referring meaning from broad contextual clues and background knowledge. Three teaching stages: pre-listening—warming up; while-listening---listening comprehension; post-listening---checking answers.Teaching speakingLess complex syntax, short cuts, incomplete sentences, devices such as fillers, hesitation device to give time to thinking before speaking, false start, spontaneous, time-constraint.Types of speaking: pre-communicative activities—mechanical activities; communicative activities---meaningful activities.Controlled activities, semi-controlled activities, communicative activities:Information-gap activities; dialogues and role-plays; activities using pictures; problem-solving activities; change the story; human scrabbleOrganizing speaking tasks: use small group workTeaching readingThe construction of meaning from a printed or written message.Two broad levels in the act reading.1). A recognition task of perceiving visual signals from the printed page through the eyes.2). A cognitive task of interpreting the visual information revealing the received information with the reader’s own general knowledge, and reconstructing the meaning that the writer had meant to convey.For teaching: intensive/extensive readingIn terms of methods: skimming/scanning/predictingFor reading practice: reading aloud/silent readingThe role of vocabulary in reading: sight vocabulary: words that oneis able to recognize immediately are often referred to as sight vocabulary. Principles and models for teaching reading: bottom-up model; top-down model; interactive modelPre-reading activities: predicting (predicting based on the tile/ based on vocabulary/based on the T/F questions) setting the scene, skimming, and scanningWhile-reading activities: TD (a transition device)Reading comprehension questions: 1. questions of literal comprehension 2. Questions involving reorganization or reinterpretation3. Questions for inference (what is implied but not explicitly stated)4. questions for evaluation or appreciation (making judgment about what the writer is trying to do and how successful he/she is in achieving his/her purpose)5. Questions for personal response Intensive reading is an accuracy-oriented activity involving reading for detail; the main purpose is to learn language embedded in the reading texts, which are usually short. Extensive reading is a fluency activity. The main purpose is to achieve global understanding. Te reading texts usually contains less new vocabulary and is longer than those intended for intensive reading. Teaching writingWriting for consolidating language, writing for communication, between writing for learning and writing for communication, imagination Not have a real communicative purpose; for language skill; a little bit communicative; communicative approach; neither restrictions in contents nor in word limit; more communicative; more motivatedCA: communication approach第11页/共11页。

英语说课术语汇总

目录一、英语说课常用教学术语 (2)二、英语教学术语 (3)三、英语教学法术语 (8)四、教学常用英语 (23)五、校园常用英语口语 (27)一、英语说课常用教学术语A. Brief introduction to the teaching material 教材分析Teaching Tasks 教学任务Teaching contents 教学内容B. Teaching objectives; Teaching aims; Teaching goals 教学目标1. Language knowledge objectives 知识目标2. Language skills objectives 能力目标3. Emotion objectives 情感目标C. Emphases and consolidation 重点与稳固D. Difficulties and breakthrough 难点与突破E. Ideas of language teaching 教学思想F. Teaching methods and teaching aids 教法教具G. Teaching process and distribution of time 教学过程与时间分配Teaching procedure 教学过程Teaching steps 教学环节〔Warm up〕1. Presentation2. Sample drills3. Explanation to the linguistic points4. Consolidation practice5. Summary6. Test7. Homework8. Distribution of timeH. Layout of blackboard writing 板书Blackboard design 板书设计Whole class work 全班活动Pair work 双人活动Group work 小组活动Learning strategies 学习策略After class reflection 课后反思Description of students Junior 2 〔45students〕Main structureMain vocabularyVisual aidsReviewBackground informationOptional activities and assignmentsPresentation Practice ProductionPre-reading While-reading Post-readingWarming-up 热身活动；准备活动Lead-in 导入二、英语教学术语1. Plans and objectives方案和目标aims and demands目的与要求plan for the topic课题方案analysis of teaching materials教学分析main points重点difficult points (trouble spots)难点allocation of time时间分配lesson plan课时方案teaching objectives教学目标develop skills (in listening, speaking, reading and writing)培养/开展〔听、说、读、写〕技能2. Types and content of lesson课型和内容old(new) lesson旧〔新〕课revision/ review复习〔课〕reading 阅读课dialogue对话课listening 听力课conversation会话〔课〕(writing) precis〔写〕概要composite lesson综合课open class(demonstration lesson)公开课3. procedure程序introduction导言〔课〕checkup/ checking检查(have) dictation〔进行〕听写listening to recording听录音model reading (by the teacher) 范读，示范朗读read in chorus声朗读watching lantern-slidespoint to … in the chart/ diagram在图/表中指示retelling (retell the story) 复述〔故事〕rewrite the paragraph 改写段落generalize , induce 概括、归纳row work一排〔座位〕同练pair work 结对儿练习group work 小组练习summing-up 总结4. Assignments and tests 作业与考查assign class work / homework 布置课内〔外〕作业hand in / collect the homework 交〔收〕作业oral / written work 口头/书面作业quiz 随堂小测验(unit) test 〔单元〕测验mid-term exam(ination) 期中考试term(inal) exam(ination) 学期考试make-up exam(ination) 补考sit for an exam(ination) 〔在〕参加考试mark the homework / paper 改作业/卷〔给分〕full marks 总分值, A+excellent (superior) 优，A(优减，A－)good 良，Bnormal/ fairly good /fair 中、尚好，Cnot good / bad 差，Dfail 不及格, F教学法流派：audio-lingual approach or aural-oral method听说法；cognitive approach认知法；compromise method 折中法；deductive method演绎法；inductive method归纳法；cramming method灌输法；comparative method比拟法；direct method直接法；discovery learning发现学习法；eclecticism优选法；grammar translation method语法翻译法；language teaching methods语言教学法；the natural approach自然法〔途径〕；reading method阅读法；silent way沉默法；the communicative approach 交际法〔途径〕；notion-al approach意念法；functional approach 功能法；comprehensive method综合法；situational method情景法；heuristic method of teaching启发式教学法；oral method口授法；didactics教授法；audio-visual method视听法；suggestopoedia 暗示法；activity method活动教学法；card system卡片教学法；group training method分组训练方法；computer aided instruction计算机辅助教学；discussion method讨论教学法；demonstration method演示法；Total Physi-cal Response全身反响法；Structural Method 结构法；Com-munity Language Learning 集体语言学习法；Zhang Sizhong’s Method of Foreign Language Teaching张思中外语教学法Teaching grammar in situations情景法语法教学Teaching grammar by charts and diagrams用图表概括教语法Teaching grammar in sentence patterns结合句型教语法Teaching of grammar by comparison比拟法语法教学Teaching grammar in various ways多样化语法教学Teaching grammar in a communicative way交际式语法教学Teaching of grammar by inductive method归纳法语法教学Teaching of grammar by deductive method演绎法语法教学Teaching vocabulary in situations情境法词汇教学Teaching words in cultural context结合文化背景教单词Teaching of sentence patterns句型教学Mechanical drills机械操练Meaningful drills意义操练Communicative drills交际性练习Presenting patterns in situations情景呈现句型Presenting patterns by raising questions问题呈现句型Presenting patterns by pictures看图呈现句型Presenting patterns by narration表达呈现句型Presenting patterns through action动作表情呈现句型Pattern drills by imitation模仿式句型操练Pattern drills by substitution替换式句型操练Pattern drills by conversion转换式句型操练Teaching methods and classroom techniques教学方法与课堂技巧Micro-teaching微型教学Teaching of pronunciation语音教学Teaching liaison连读教学Teaching words in sentence patterns利用句型教单词Teaching vocabulary by comparison比拟法教词汇Teaching words by rules of word formation利用构词法教词汇Goals/ objectives目标Aims目的Requirements要求Role of the English Teacher 英语教师的作用Revision复习activator记忆激活者presentation呈现demonstrator示范者drill操练organizer or director组织者或指挥者practice 练习supervisor or monitor 监督者或监听者consolidation稳固helper or marker帮手或记分员能够实现的目标：achievable goals；理解检查：comprehension check；结伴学习：cooperating with others；手段：device；自我测评：evaluating one’s learning ；细读：full reading ；功能词：function word；根本思路：general tendency；小组活动：group work；分类聚词：grouping；圈划重点：highlighting；明确目的；identifying the purpose of a language task；输入假设：input theory；内省法：introspection；以学生为中心：learner-centered；学习策略：learning strategy；逻辑思维：logical thinking；排除焦虑：lowing one’s anxiety；记忆策略：memory strategy；误解misunderstanding；需要分析：needs analysis；观察〔法〕：observation；口头报告：oral report；片面理解：partial understanding；解决问题：problem-solving；步骤：procedure；有目的的听说读写purposeful listening/ speaking/ reading/ writing；规那么演绎：reasoning deductively；现场记录：recording ；查阅：scanning；争取时机：seeking practice opportunities；自选话题：selecting the topic；自我意识：self-awareness；自我评价：self evaluating；社交策略：social strategy；列单式笔记：shopping list note form；提要式笔记：standard outline note form；有声思维：think aloud三、英语教学法术语Aachievement test 成绩测试acquisition 习得，语言习得acquisition 语言习得顺序active mastery 积极掌握active vocabulary 积极词汇，主动词汇affective filtering 情感筛选aim,objective 目的，目标analysis of errors 错误分析analytic approach 分析教学法，分析法analytical reading 分析性阅读application to practice 运用于实践applied linguistics 应用语言学approach 教学路子aptitude test 能力倾向测验Army method 陆军法associative learning 联想性学习auditory discrimination 辨音能力auditory feedback 听觉反响auditory memory 听觉记忆auditory perception 听觉audio-lingual method 听说法audio-visual method 视听法aural-oral approach 听说教学法，听说法aural-oral method 听说法Bbasic knowledge 根本知识basic principle 根本原那么basic theory 根本理论basic training 根本训练basic vocabulary 根本词汇behaviourism 行为主义bilingual 双语的bilingual education 双语教育blank filling 填空Cchain drill 链式操练，连锁操练choral repetition 齐声照读，齐声仿读class management 课常管理classroom interaction 课常应对cloze 完形填空cognitive approach 认知法common core 语言的共同核心，语言共核communicative drill 交际性操练communicative exercise 交际练习communicative langunge teaching 交际派语言教学法，交际教学法community language learning 集体语言学习法comparative method 比拟法communicative approach 交际法comprehensible input 不难理解的输入comprehensive method 综合法computer-managed instruction 计算机管理教学concord and coordination 默契与配合console 控制台consonant cluster 辅音连缀context 上下文controlled composition 控制性作文course density 课堂密度course design 课程设计cramming method 灌输式cue word 提示词curriculum 课程，教学大纲curriculum development 课程编制，课程设计cultrual objective,aim 教养目的cclical approach 循环教学法，循环法Ddeductive learning 演绎性学习deductive method 演绎法delayed auditory feedback 延缓听觉反响demonstration 演示demonstration lesson 示范教学describe a picture in writing 看图说话describe a picture orally 描写语言学diagram 图解diagnostic test 诊断性测验dicto-comp 听写作文direct application 直接应用direct comprehension 直接理解direct learning 直接学习direct method 直接教学法Eeducational objective, aim 教育目的EFL 英语作为外语English as a Foreign Language 英语作为外语English as an International Language 英语作为国际语言English environment 英语环境English for Academic Purposes 学术英语English for general prupose 普通英语English for General Purposes 通用英语English for specific purposes 专用英语ESOL English for Speakers of Other Languages 供非英语民族使用的英语English medium school 英语授课学校English teaching;teaching English 英语教学WSD〔English as a Second Dialect〕英语作为第二方言WSL〔English as a Second Language〕英语作为第二语言ESL Programme〔English as a Second Language Programme〕英语〔第二语言〕教程ESP〔English for Special Purposes〕专用英语EST〔English for Science and Technology〕科技英语evaluation 评语，评价examination 考试examination question 考题experimental method 实验法extensive reading 泛读external speech 外语言语extra-curiculum activity 课外活动extra-curriculum club,group 课外小组Ffacial expression 面部表情feedbace 反响film projector 电影放映机filmstrip 电影胶片final stage 高级阶段first language 第一语言，母语formative evaluation 自由作文free practice 自由练习frequency of word 词的频率al approach 功能法al syllabus 功能派教学大纲Ggeneral linguistics 普通语言学gestalt style 格式塔式〔学习〕，整体式〔学习〕gesture 手势getting students ready for class 组织教学global learning 整体式学习，囫囵吞枣式学习global question 综合性问题gradation 级进法，分级递升法graded direct method 循序直接法grading 级进法，分级递升法；评分grammar lesson 语法课grammar method 语法法grammar translation method 语法翻译法grammatical analysis 语法分析group reading 集体朗读group training 集体练习guided composition 引导性作文Hheuristic method of teaching 启发式教学法heurstics 启发法；探索法humanistic approach 人本主义教学法. Iidealism 唯心主义imitatiom 模仿immersion programme 沉浸式教学imparting knowledge 传授知识incomplete plosive 不完全爆破independent composition 独立作文individualized instruction 个别教学individual training 个别练习inductive learning 归纳性学习inductive method 归纳法inflection,inflexion 词形变化information,processing 信息处理initial beginning stage 初级阶段inner speech 内语言语in-service training 在职培训instructional objective 语言教学目标integrative teaching 综合教学integrated approach 综合教学法，综合法intelligent memory 理解性记忆language training 强化教学intensive training 精读intermediate stage 中级阶段interpretation 头口翻译International Phonetic Alphabet 国际音标Jjuncture 连读，音渡junior high school 初级中学junior school 初级学校junior sceondary school 初级中等学校junior-senior high school 初高中junior technical college(or school) 初级职业学院〔或学校〕junior year 大学三年级Kkey words 根本词，关键字kinesics 身势语，身势学kinesthetic memory 动觉记忆knowledge 知识knowledge structure 知识结构Llanguage acquisition 语言习得language acquisition device 语言习得机制language arts 语言技能language competence,or knowledge 语言知识language learning capability 语言学习能力language laboratory;lab 语言实验室language leaning capacity 语言学习能力language pedagogy 语言教育language performance 语言行为language program design 语言课程设计language test 语言测试learning by deduction 演绎性学习learning by induction 归纳性学习learning process 学习过程learning style 学习方式lesson conducting 教课lesson plan 课时方案，教案lesson preparation 备课lesson type 课型linguistics 语言学linguistic competence 语言能力linguistic method 口语领先教学法living language 活的语言long-term memory 长期记忆look-and-say method 看图说话法Mmeaningful drill 有意义的操练neabubgful exercise 有意义的练习meaningful learning 理解性学习means of teaching 教学手段mechanical drill 机械操练mechanical exercise 机械练习mechanical memory 机械记忆mechanical translation 机器翻译medium of instruction 教学媒介语，教学语言memory 记忆，记忆力memory span 记忆幅度memorizing 用记记住method 方法methodology of teaching 教学法methodology of teaching English 英语教学法micro-teaching 微型教学mim-mem method 模仿—记忆法minimal pair 最小对立体〔一种辨音练习〕modeling 示范教学modern equipment 现代化设备modern language 现代语言monitor hypothesis 语言监控说mother tongue 母语motivation 引起动机Nnative language 本族语natural approach 自然教学法，自然法natural method 自然法needs analysis 需要分析new lesson 新课nine-pile grading 九堆法notional approach 意念法notional-al syllabus 意念-功能派教学大纲notional syllabus 意念大纲、意念派教学大纲Oobservation lesson 观摩教学objective 教学目标optimum age hypothesis 学习最正确年龄说operating principle 操作原那么oral approach 口语教学法，口语法oral exercise 口语练习oral method 口授法oral reading 朗读order of acquisition 语言习得顺序organization of teaching materials 教材组织organs of speech 发音器官outside reading 课外阅读. Over learning 过量学习Ppaired-associate learning 配对联想学习法pair work 双人作业，双人练习passive vocabulary 消极词汇pattern drill 句型操练pattern practice 句型练习pedagogical grammar 教学语法pedagogy 教育法peer teaching 同学互教penmanship handwriting 书法perception 知觉performance objective 语言实践目标personality 个性philosophy 哲学phoneme 音素phonetics 语音法phonetic method 按字母音值拼读法phonology 音位学picture 图画placement test 分班测验plateau of learning 学习高原practical objective 实用目的practice effect 练习效应practice of teaching 教学实践presentation of new materials 提出新材料pre-teaching 预教primary of speech 口语领先principle of communication 交际性原那么. principle of teaching 教学原那么problem solving 习题解答production stage 活用阶段，产出阶段productive exercise 活用练习productive mastery 活用掌握productive vocabulary 活用词汇proficiency 熟练program designing 课程设计psycho-linguistics 心理语言学psychological method 心理法Qqualified teacher 合格教师question band 试题库questionnaire 调查问卷questions 提问Rrapid reading 快速阅读，快读rate of reading 阅读速度readability 易读性read by turns 轮读reading 阅读reading lesson 阅读课reading method 阅读法reading speed 阅读速度reading vocabulary 阅读词汇，阅读词汇量receptive language knowledge 接受性语言知识receptive vocabulary 领会词汇reformed method 改进法. regression 回看，重读reinforcement 稳固reinforcement lesson 稳固课repetition drill 复述操练repetition-stage 仿照阶段response 反响retelling 复述retention 记忆review;revision 复习review〔revise〕and check up 复习检查review〔revision〕lesson 复习课rewriting 改写rhythm 节奏role-play 扮演角色rote learning 强记学习法，死记硬背Sscanning 查阅，扫瞄school practice 教学实习scientific way of thinking 科学的思想方法second language 第二语言segment 音段，切分成分semantics 语义学seminar 课堂讨论sentence completion 完成句子short-term memory 短期记忆sight vocabulary 一见即懂的词汇silent reading 默读silent way 沉默法，静授法simplification 简写. simplified reader 简写读本simulation 模拟，模拟性课堂活动simultaneous interpretation 同声翻译situational method 情景法situational language teaching 情景派语言教学法，情景教学法situational method 情景教学法situational syllabus 情景派教学大纲situation reinforcement 情景强化法skimming 略读，济览slide 幻灯片slide projector 幻灯片socialized speech 社会化言语socio-linguistics 社会语言学soft ware 软件speech disorder 言语缺陷speech pathology 言语病理学speech perception 言语知觉speech reading 唇读法speed reading 快速阅读，快读speelling 正字法spiral approach 螺旋式教学法，螺旋法spoken language 口语stage of teaching 教学阶段stick drawing;mathch drawing 简笔画stimulus and response 刺激与反响stress accent 重音，重读structuralism 结构主义〔语言学〕structural method 结构法student-centered 学生中心student-centered learning 学生为主学习法student teacher 实习教师student teaching 教育实习submersion programme 沉浸式教程substitution 替换substitution table 替换表subvocal reading 默读suggestopaedia 暗示教学法syllabus 教学大纲syllabus design 教学大纲设计syllabus for middle school English 中学英语教学大纲synthetic approach 综合性教学法，综合法synthetical reading 综合性阅读Ttarget language 目的语，译文语言teacher’s book教师用书teacher’s manual教师手册teaching experience 教学经验teaching objective,aim 教学目的teaching procedure 教学过程teaching tools;property 教具teaching words in isolation 孤立教单词theory of teaching 教学理论TEFL 英语〔外语〕教学TESL 英语〔第二语言〕教学TESOL 对非英语民族教英语time allotment 时间分配total physical response method 整体动作反响法transformation drill 转换操练translation method 翻译法transformational generative grammar 转化生成语法Uunconscious 潜意识underclassman 低年级学生undergraduate 大学本科生undergraduate course 大学本科课程undergraduate school 大学本科学院undergraduate special 大学特殊课程unified studied 统一课程university high school 大学附属中学university of the air 播送电视大学updating courses/training 现代化课程/训练upgrading courses/training 进修课程/训练upperclassman 高年级学生use and usage 使用和用法四、教学常用英语常见的语法术语摘要1.名词noun 动词verb 形容词adjective 数词numeral 代词pronoun2.介词preposition 副词adverb 连词conjunction 冠词article 感慨词interjection3.结构：structure 简单句simple sentences 并列句compound sentences4.复合句complex sentences 倒装句inverted sentences 省略句elliptical sentences5.陈述句declarative sentences 疑问句interrogative sentences6.祈使句imperative sentences 感慨句exclamatory sentences7.否认句negative sentences 被动句passive sentences8.虚拟语气句subjunctive sentences 同义句synonymous sentences9.歧义句ambiguous sentences 委婉句euphemisms 强调句emphasis10.疑难句difficult sentences 表达句narrative sentences 说明句expository sentences11.议论句argumentative sentences 人物描写句descriptive sentences of people12.动作描写句：descriptive sentences of actions13.环境描写句descriptive sentences of environment14.日常口语句sentences for everyday talk15.实用情景句sentences of actual situations16.课堂教学句sentences of classroom teaching17.名人语句quotations 格言句maxims 谚语句proverbs18.状语adverbial 补语complement 宾语object 宾语补助语objective complement19.表语predicative 主语subject 谓语predicate 谓语动词finite verb20.非谓语动词non-finite verb 情态动词modal verb21.并列coordination 选择alternative 转折transition 比照contrast22.原因cause 结果effect 解释explanation23.动词时态verb tenses24.一般现在时simple present (tense)25.一般过去时simple past (tense) 一般将来时simple future (tense)26.过去将来时future (tense) in the past 现在完成时present perfect (tense)27.过去完成时past perfect (tense) 将来完成时future perfect (tense)28.现在进行时present continuous (tense) 过去进行时past continuous (tense)29.将来进行时future continuous (tense)30.现在完成进行时present perfect continuous (tense)31.主句main clause 从句subordinate clause32.限定性定语从句restrictive attributive clause33.非限定性定语从句non-restrictive attributive clause34.宾语从句object clause 壮语从句adverbial clause 主语从句subject clause35.表语从句predicative clause 同位语从句appositive clause36.双重复合句double complex sentences37.多重复合句multiple complex sentences38.插入语parenthesis39.IT引导的句子IT sentences40.THERE引导句THERE sentences41.省略名词omission of noun42.判断句statements 列举句enumeration 比拟句comparison 让步句concession43.一般疑问句general question 特殊疑问句special question44.选择疑问句alternative question 反意疑问句disjunctive question45.陈述式疑问句declarative question 省略疑问句elliptical question46.一般否认general negation 全部否认complete negation 局部否认partial negation47.双重否认double negation 否认句negative sentences 肯定句affirmative sentences48.主格subjective case 宾格objective case 所有格possessive case49.单数与复数singular and plural 语序word order50.不定式infinitive 动名词gerund 现在分词present participle51.主动的active 被动的passive 语态voice 标点符号punctuation mark52.抽象的abstract 具体的concrete 名言saying 语气mood53.典故allusion 习语idiom 俚语slang 外来语foreign word 行话jargon54.直接引语direct speech 间接引语indirect speech 命题proposition课堂教学句sentences of classroom teaching开始上课beginning of the class1.我们开始吧Let’s start/ Let’s begin now2.让我们开始上课Let’s begin our lesson.3.今天我们上新课，先学生词，然后读课文We are going to have a new lesson today. We’lllearn the new words first. Then we’ll read the text.4.我们先学课文，然后提问。

十种教学方法(英语教学)

Great importance is given to precise native-like pronunciation. Use of the mother tongue by the teacher is permitted, but discouraged among and by the students. Successful responses are reinforced; great care is taken to prevent learner errors. There is a tendency to focus on manipulation of the target language and to disregard content and meaning.
Questions are answered in the target language. Grammar is taught inductively--rules are generalized from the and experience with the target language. Verbs are used first and systematically conjugated much later after some oral mastery of the target language. Advanced students read literature for comprehension and pleasure. Literary texts are not analyzed grammatically. The culture associated with the target language is also taught inductively. Culture is considered an important aspect of learning the language.

英语教学方法有哪几种

英语教学方法有哪几种1. Communicative Language Teaching (交流式教学法): 这种方法侧重于提高学生的语言交流能力，通过实际的交际活动来帮助学生掌握语言技能。

2. Task-Based Language Teaching (任务型教学法): 这种方法将语言教学与实际任务相结合，要求学生通过完成任务来实践语言运用。

3. Content-Based Instruction (以内容为基础的教学法): 这种方法将语言学习与学科知识相结合，以提高学生的学科知识和语言能力。

4. Total Physical Response (全身反应法): 这种方法通过运动、动作和身体反应来帮助学生理解和掌握语言。

5. Cooperative Learning (合作学习法): 这种方法通过学生之间的合作学习来提高语言能力，培养学生的团队合作和沟通能力。

6. Suggestopedia (暗示式教学法): 这种方法通过创造宽松、积极的学习环境，激发学生的学习兴趣和潜能。

7. The Silent Way (沉默法): 这种方法强调学生的主动参与和发现，教师在教学中保持沉默，让学生自己探索和发现语言规律。

8. Community Language Learning (社区语言学习法): 这种方法强调建立积极的、互动的学习社区，通过教师和学生的合作来帮助学生学习语言。

9. Lexical Approach (词汇法): 这种方法强调词汇的教学和运用，认为词汇是语言学习的核心。

10. Grammar-Translation Method (语法-翻译法): 这种方法侧重于教授语法知识和翻译技巧。

ENGLISHLANGUAGETEACHINGMETHODOLOGE课件英语教学法

Engage learners in meaningful tasks to develop language skills and foster communication.
Collaborative learning
Promote cooperation and interaction among learners to enhance language learning.
environment that encourages active participation.
Scaffolding and differentiat ed instruction
Provide
appropriate
support and
adapt instruction
based on learners'
Direct Method
2
rules. Popular in the 19th century.
Oral-based approach emphasizing
speaking and listening skills. Early 20th century.
3
Audio-Lingual Method
Technology-enhanced learning
Utilize digital tools and resources to support language learning and practice.
Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL)
2 Importance of effective ELT
Methodology

英语教学方法有哪些

英语教学方法有哪些There are several English teaching methods that can be utilized to enhance students' learning experiences. Here are some popular methods:1. Communicative Language Teaching (CLT): This method emphasizes the importance of real-life communication and encourages students to actively participate in class discussions, role-plays, and group activities. It focuses on developing students' speaking, listening, reading, and writing skills.2. Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT): In this approach, students are given meaningful tasks to complete, which require them to use the English language. By working on these tasks, students are able to practice and refine their language skills while also achieving specific goals.3. Audio-Lingual Method (ALM): This method places emphasis on repetition and drills to develop students' listening and speaking skills. It often involves the use of audio recordings and dialogues to familiarize students with authentic language patterns.4. Content-based Instruction (CBI): With CBI, language is taught in the context of a specific subject or content area. Students learn English while also gaining knowledge in other subjects, such as science, history, or literature.5. Direct Method: This method emphasizes learning through immersion, where the language is taught using only English. Grammar rules are not explicitly taught, and students learn throughcontext and real-life situations.6. Grammar-Translation Method: Traditionally used to teach classical languages, this method focuses on translation and memorization of vocabulary and grammar rules. However, it is less commonly used in modern language teaching.7. Total Physical Response (TPR): This method utilizes physical movement and actions to reinforce language learning. Students respond to verbal commands and engage in physical activities that correspond to the language being taught.8. Suggestopedia: Developed by Bulgarian educator Georgi Lozanov, this method aims to create a relaxed and positive learning environment by using music, relaxation techniques, and visual aids. It emphasizes the role of the subconscious mind in language acquisition.It is important for teachers to determine which method or combination of methods suits their students' needs and learning styles. Flexibility and adaptation are key to effective language teaching.。

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（3）教学顺序是“对话——句子——单词——单音”，教学过程分为感知、理解、练习和活用四个步骤。（4）排除母语的中介，通过实物、图片、手势等直观手段直接教外语，使情景的意义与所学的外语建立联系。（5）坚持口语领先和句子本位的原则，日常生活情景对话是教学的中心，入门阶段常常要经过一个约60小时不见文字的听说阶段，以使儿童掌握正确的语音、语调和口语语感。（6）广泛使用现代化技术设备，使儿童充分运用视觉感官和听觉器官进行学习。

Language teaching is teaching language Languages are different Language is what, how and why “level” is a complex idea Natural language has a place in all courses Most language skills can be divided into sub-skills Hear, speak, read, write is a good sequence Language learning is cyclical Language is used for different purposes in the classroom Don’t be afraid of the students’ mother tongue Motor skills need practice Distinguish clearly between accuracy and fluency practices Interesting communicative tasks increase motivation You learn to speak by listening
（6）教学中排斥或限制母语，主张用直观手段、情景、上下文，借助所学外语来解释意义，只有在不得已的情况下才可以把翻译当作释义和理解的手段。

情境法是在直接法和听说法的基础上，利用视听手段形成的一种外语教学法。它是指在教学中综合利用图片、幻灯等电化教具、视听手段，创造情景，学习外语。由于利用视听手段创造情景是其主要特色，所以该方法又叫视听法。情境法强调耳、眼等器官以及大脑整体地去感知和认识外语材料，具体的、真实的情景和听说活动常常构成一个整体，形成完整的结构方式，因此，是一种整体结构的教学法。简而言之，视听法是用实物、幻灯等创造情景配合同步录音的一种方法体系，培养学生的听、说、读、写四种技能。所以，这一方法又叫"视听整体结构法" 。
直接法是指通过运用外语本身进行外语教学的方法。 பைடு நூலகம் 在教学中，教师不用母语，不进行翻译，也不作语法分析，直接把外语和它所表达的事物直接联系起来，教师通过各种直观手段让儿童直接学习外语，直接理解外语，直接运用外语。

1．直接法的语言观

语言是一种技能或习惯，习惯的养成要靠大量的重复练习和模仿。（1）根据幼儿学语言的理论，直接法主张听说领先，以口语教学为主，即直接法主张口语是第一位的，书面语是第二位的，重视语音、语调和口语教学。（2）以句子为教学的基本单位，整句学、整句用，不孤立地教授单词和语音规则。

（1）语言和情景的结合可创造逼真的环境，使教学更接近于交谈的自然形式；（2）视听手段的运用，即情景视觉与录音听觉相结合，使儿童见其形听其声，调动左右脑的神经细胞，加快儿童学习外语的过程，有利于儿童的理解和记忆；（3）强调口语和重视用外语教外语，有利于培养儿童的语言能力和用外语思维的能力。（4）但过分强调视觉直观的作用，使一些抽象的词汇难以表现；（5）过分强调整体结构的原则，忽视语言知识的分析和讲解，不利于儿童理解和运用语言；（6）过分重视语言的形式，没有更好地从交际需要的内容出发来确定情景，以最大限度地满足儿童交际的需要。

Methodology is that which links theory and practice.

Methods are held to be fixed teaching systems with prescribed techniques and practices, whereas approaches represent language teaching philosophies that can be interpreted and applied in a variety of different ways in the classroom. The period from the 1950s to the 1980s has often been referred to as "The Age of Methods”. Eg. Situational Language Teaching ( the United Kingdom )Vs Audio-Lingualism ( the United States)

Learning is important than teaching Teach the students, not the book Involve students in the learning process Don’t tell students what they can tell you Show your reactions to what students say Students need practice, not you Don’t emphasize difficulties Vary what you do, and how you do it Select Students need to learn how to learn Useful and fun is better than either alone We all learn best when we are relaxed Students can be silent, but still involved

In 1940s and 1950s (postwar) the Direct Method was revived and redirected into The Audiolingual Method. Army Specialized Training Program, or the “Army Method” Under the influence of structural linguistics and behavioristic models

A 代表thought or reference （思想或所指内容或概念），B 代表symbol or form（语言符号），C 代表referent or thing（所指物）。ABC 之间的关系可从三个方面来理解：（1）AB 反映意义与形式的关系，A 是个抽象的东西，要通过B 才能表达，B 是A 的载义实体，A 与B 是直接相联系的；（2）AC 是意义与事物的关系，A 在C 基础上概括形成，是客观事物在头脑中的概括反映，A 与C 也是直接联系的；（3）B 与C 之间没有直接的、必然的联系，两者之间带有任意性。由此可见，语言形式是通过意义才能与客观外界的所指对象发生联系，因而语义即语言表意符号和客观外界的所指对象之间的关系。
（2）整个外语教学过程中，学生始终与两种语言打交道，教学中强调两种语言的机械对比和对译. 如： Class begins.开始上课了。 Now open your book， please.现在，请打开书本。 Turn to page five.翻到第五页。 Let‘s read the text现在我们来读课文。 ......

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1．情境法的语言观：口语是第一性的，书面语是第二性的，
语言学习就是要掌握语言能力，如听、说、读、写的能力，而非语言知识，如语音、词汇、语法等。
2．情境法的特点

（1）将语言和情景紧密结合，以情景为中心，充分利用视听手段，让儿童一面听声音，一面看图像，作出模仿反应，形成自动化习惯。（2）强调对语言的整体结构感知，掌握句子结构的整体意义，采用整体教学。如：要求儿童听一段内容完整的对话，掌握它的语音语调和节奏等整体结构，然后再进行个别音素的训练，
Approach
Method 1 Method 2 Method X
CLT
TBLT/TBL

全身反应法(简称TPR) 一种通过语言与行动的协调来教授语言的方法。Asher认为，成功的第二语言学习与小孩习得母语的过程相似，即对外语的学习，小孩先用身体反应，然后用语言进行反应。
1．全身反应法的语言观：外语教育家Asher认为，语言学习时，理解能力产生于表达能力之前，语言技能的获得首先是通过听，然后再转换到其他技能。语言主要是口语，大多以具体名词和祈使动词呈现。针对小孩的语言大多为命令句。 2．全身反应法的特点（1）强调理解的重要性，认为听力理解领先，理解先于输出，并认为在理解与输出之间有一段沉默期。（2）教师在教学中应该首先训练儿童听的技能，不要强迫儿童开口。儿童通过对听到的语言材料的理解，内化目标语言的结构和内容，然后到一定时候自然会开口。（3）全身反应法的教学活动以"听一做动作"为主要教学形式，儿童通过用身体对教师指令的动作进行反应来提高自己的理解力。
2．直接法的主要特点

（3）强调控制及模仿练习，让儿童靠直觉感知、靠直觉模仿，进行机械操练和记忆背诵，以求养成一种语言习惯。（4）教学过程中完全用外语进行教学，把外语声音形式同客观表象直接联系，不经过母语这一"中介"，不依赖母语翻译，丢掉“心译”过程。（5）为了帮助理解，教师广泛采用各种直观手段，如实物、图画、动作、手势、表情和游戏等来解释词义和句子，使外语语词的声音和它代表的语义直接联系起来，培养儿童把外语与客观事物直接建立起联系和直接用外语思维的能力。（语义三角形）

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