山东大学本科英语题答案

（本科第1册）AI. Vocabulary and Structure (15%)There are 30 questions in this part. For each of the questions, there are 4 answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE that best answers the question.1. We walked down the stairs instead of taking the elevator.2. Time and tide wait _ for no man.3. Health depends on good food, fresh air and enough sleep.4. The last time I saw him he was talking of retiring at the end of the year.A. has been talkingB. was talkingC. has talkedD. had talked5. The Dutch language is closely related to German.6.7. I think of that movie as one of the worst I’ve ever seen.8. Just as you hate Mr. Green, I dislike his wife.9. In manufacturing, cheaper materials are constantly being substituted _ for the better, moreexpensive kind.10. A bad cold may lead to pneumonia.11. The program aims to provide self-sufficiency for local needs.12. The change has affected his income.13. Most adults who are learning a foreign language would disagree with the statement that itis unnecessary for them to be taught grammar.14. The nuclear family usually consists of _ two parents and their children.15. The motor car has been responsible for many changes in the environment.16. Here is one of the most interesting novels that have been published since the war.17. The light gradually faded and shapes and colors grew fainter.18. He would not listen at all to the doctor’s advice that he stop smoking immediately.19. He stayed up finishing the job rather than leaving it for the next day.20. Bob had arranged for this man to come whenever needed.21. My budget .for this week included new shoes.22. The old car _ ground to halt in front of the house.when I opened the door.24. Consumption of domestic fuel oil __B_ varies_____ from 150 gallons a month at the height of winter to practically nothing in July-August.25. They tried to leave the restaurant without ___C paying for their meal.26. The _ D. charges _ for electricity and gas will be increased next year.27. I can’t pay for the books now. Will you bill me _ D. for _ them later?28. He neverabout her neglecting housework.himself; he is accustomed to that.30. Much of what has been said about strangers also applies A. to ___relationships with family members and friends.II. Cloze (10%)After having lived for over twenty years in the same district, Albert Hall wasany more chocolate.It all began a year ago when Albert returned home one evening and found a large dog32B. in front of the gate. He was very fond of animals and as he happened to have a smallhis pocket, he gave it to the dog. The next day, the dog was there again. It held up its 34 D. paws and perceived another piece of chocolate as a reward.Albert called his new friend “Bingo”the dog’s real name, norevery afternoon and itpieces of chocolate and demanded a large bar a day. If at any time Albert neglected hisand refused to let him open the gate. Albert was now at Bingo’his own house! He spentend he had to move somewhere else.2There was a time when, if a lady got onto a crowded bus or train, a gentleman would immediately stand up andher seat.No more, though. Today a gentleman will probably look out of the window,behind his newspaper. Either way,the lady will have to standsomeone else gets off.You can’t entirely blame men for this change in manners,gone when women could be referred to as the weaker sex without causing45 B.A whole generation of women has grown up demanding with men; not just equality in jobs oreducation,social attitudes. Hold a door openfor some women and you are to get an angry lecture on treating women asunable to open doors for themselves. Takea girl out for a meal and she will probably on paying her share of the bill; though on second thoughts perhaps that’s not such a bad idea.III. Reading Comprehension (40%)Section A:The are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is provided with some questions followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Decide on the one that best answers those questions.Passage 1“Learning a language is easy. Even a child can do it!”Most adults who are learning a second or a foreign language would disagree with this statement. For them, learning a language is a very difficult task. They need hundreds of hours of study and practice, and even this will not guarantee success for every adult language learner.What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might do well to try some of the techniques outlined above.51. A successful language learner must ___D________.try to learn the new language independently, actively, and purposefully52. Which of the following would most probably NOT be a piece of advice offered by a language teacher? AA. Never guess the meaning of a word.53. The expression “ play with the language” in para.4 means to __C_______.learn the language in a more natural way54. According to para.7, thinking in the language is more important than knowing the meaning of every word of the language, because D .when thinking in the language, you are using the language in an active way.55. The word “techniques” in the last line of the text cannot be replaced by D. reasonsPassage 2The family is important to people all over the world although the structure of the family is quite different from one country to another. In the United States, as in many other countries in the world, the family is changing. A generation or two ago, the traditional family, in which the father was boss, was customary. Now, the modern family, in which both the father and the mother are equal partners, is more common. Although there are several similarities between the traditional family and the modern family, there also exist some very important differences.In conclusion, the American family of today is different from the family of fifty years ago. In the modern family, the roles of the father, mother, and children have changed as more and more women work outside the home. The next century may bring more important changes to the American family structure. It should be interesting to see.56. A generation or two ago, _ C. the traditional family _____, in which the father was boss, was customary.57. The similarities of the traditional family and the modern family are _D. all of the above_.58. In the traditional family, ___C_______.C. the mother helped her children to get ready for school59. In the modern family, __D________.A. the father may do some of the household jobsB. the mother is doing two jobs instead of oneD. both A and B60. In the modern family, the roles of the father, mother and children have changed as __B_______.B. the mother works outside the homeSection B:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some true-false questions. Decide whether each of them is true (T) or false (F).Passage 3Though marriage is practiced in almost all countries of the world, the customs are quite different from one culture to another. It is interesting for me to compare the customs of marriage in the United States with those in my country.I’ve lived in the U.S. for four years now, but I’m still not comfortable with the customs here. In fact, what seems strange to me is that courting or dating is not always for the purpose of finding a husband or wife. Some people seem to do it as a hobby.Though I can certainly see the advantages of the freedom that is given to American youths to choose whom they will marry and when, I think I still prefer the customs of my home country. I suppose that’s because there is not so much guessing and uncertainty.61. Marriage as a social form of male and female relationship exists in all countries of theworld, but customs of marriage vary from culture to culture. T62. As a custom in the U.S., it is the parents who decide when their daughter can have aboyfriend and who he should be. F63. Before the wedding ceremony takes place, the American couple already know each other quite well. T64. In Iran, courting is a very serious matter. It is done only for the purpose of finding ahusband or wife. T65. In Iran, as soon as the wedding ceremony is complete, the bride will go to her husband’shome. FPassage 4Every four years, there is the presidential election. In the United States, there are two major political parties, Democratic and Republican. The summer before the election, each of the major political parties holds a presidential-nominating convention. It is a large meeting within a political party made up of party delegates chosen from the states, the District of Columbia and the territories. The convention meets every presidential-election year and picks the party’s presidential and vice-presidential nominees. Once the presidential candidate is selected, his running-mate, the vice-presidential candidate, must be chosen.The newly elected President is inaugurated in January during a nationally-televised ceremony. He then moves into the White House and appoints members of his Cabinet.66. In the United States, there are two minor political parties, Democratic and Republican. F67. Once the presidential candidate is selected, his running-mate, the vice-presidential candidate, must be chosen. T68. On the first Tuesday after the last Monday in November, voters cast their ballots for President and Vice-President. F69. The number of electors allotted to each state is the same as the total number of representatives and senators who represent that state in Congress. T70. The newly elected President is inaugurated on January 1 during a nationally-televised ceremony. FIV. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. (10%)71. Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find it difficult to succeed in language learning.72. The nuclear family usually consists of two parents (mother and father) and their children.73. How surprised the people who thought tomatoes poisonous would be if they could know that millions of pounds of tomatoes were supplied to soldiers overseas during World War II?74. The killing of insects has resulted in a loss of balance in the ecology.75. Rivers which used to be polluted by industrial chemical waste are now being cleaned.71一些在其各自领域内很聪明和成功的人士却发现语言学习很难。