2011年12月英语四级全真预测试卷及答案(4)-1

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(Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

■Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 11 to 20 are based on the following passage.

The anthropologist (人类学家) Clifford Geertz defines culture as a “historically transmitted pattern of meanings embodied in symbols ... by 11 of which men can communicate, perpetuate and develop their own knowledge about and attitudes towards life.”

Why is it important that you 12 about other cultures? There are a number of reasons. Some may do it 13 because they find fascinating the different ways that people think, speak, act, evaluate, and communicate. But let me assume that you are a more pragmatic sort of person, and are 14 in the “cash value”of a course like this —apart, that is, from the grade you will receive at the end of it. What is a class like this good for? Let me make a couple of suggestions on how what you learn in this class may prove 15 to you in the future:

Business: Geert Hofstede’s excellent book on culture is 16 not primarily out of academic theory, but out of his study of the practical problems faced by one particular modern corporation (IBM), which exists across national and cultural 17 . In the world we live in, understanding 18 in general and also specific individual cultures in particular can make the difference between success and failure in the global market and economy.

Politics and Diplomacy: If your career goal involves anything that relates to international politics and diplomacy, then understanding other cultures is 19 .

Neighbors: If none of these previous factors 20 you, then you can just look at this class as a lesson in good neighborliness in the global village.

A) learn I) boundaries

B) written J) ways

C) means K) motivates

D) simply L) important

E) exactly M) disturbs

F) interested N) read

G) culture O) useless

H) useful

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

As concern about swine flu sweeps the globe, the best way to protect yourself from contracting it or other infectious diseases is with a dose of common sense: Wash your hands frequently, cover your coughs and sneezes and stay home from work or school if you feel ill.

These guidelines may seem basic, but they’re effective in warding off the spread of infections. Richard Besser, acting director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), said, “Control of an outbreak of infectious disease is a shared responsibility. It’s important that individuals realize they have a key role to play in reducing their own likelihood of getting infected.”

Specifically, people are wise to wash their hands often with soap and warm water for 15 to 20 seconds at a time or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer if water isn’t accessible. The CDC also recommends avoiding touching your eyes, nose and mouth to prevent the spread of germs.

Symptoms of swine flu are similar to those of regular seasonal influenza. People with swine flu often get a fever, headache, cough, sore throat, body aches, chills and fatigue. Some also have gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea or vomiting.

Swine flu is a virus that usually affects pigs but appears to have acquired the ability to pass from person to person, though it’s unclear how easily it can be transmitted this way.

If you become sick, stay home for the period of infection, which is typically seven days, although children may be contagious for longer. Once on the mend, don’t return to work or school until at least a day after symptoms have disappeared, Besser said.

“Wearing a face mask when out in public isn’t warranted in most cases,”he said. “I know some people feel more comfortable having a mask, and there are certain circumstances where that may be of value, but I would rather people really focus on hand-washing, as well as covering coughs and sneezes.”

Other social practices may need to be adjusted, such as the salutary kiss that’s customary in some regions.

“If you’re in an affected area or you have the swine flu, it’s probably best not to give a kiss,”Besser said. “But we’re not recommending the end of affection during the period.”

21. To protect yourself from swine flu, it is a good idea to __________.

A) have baths frequently B) cover your coughs and sneezes

C) stay home from work or school if you feel tired D) eat an apple every day

22. The underlined phrase “warding off”in the second paragraph can be replaced by “_______”.

A) investigating B) increasing C) preventing D) decreasing

23. What does Richard Besser mean by saying “Control of ... getting infected.”?

A) It is the government’s responsibility to fight against infectious diseases.

B) It is the patients’responsibility to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

C) It is everybody’s responsibility to control the outbreak of infectious diseases.