高中定语从句复习(常见考点)

专题一定语从句考点分析与突破定语从句是历年高考的重要考点之一，主要考查定语从句的关系代词，关系副词的正确使用和介词+关系代词的搭配。

近年高考对定语从句着重考查如下几点：1.where，when，whose 引导限制性定语从句的用法。

2.which引导的非限制性定于从句的用法。

3.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。

高考真题示范1. (2009全国卷Ⅱ改编)My friend showed me around the town，was very kind of him.2. (2010全国卷Ⅰ改编)I refused to accept the blame for something was someone else’s faults.3. (2011福建卷改编) She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students allow them to communicate freely with each other.4. (2012湖南卷改编)Care of the soul is a gradual process which even the small details of life should be considered.5. (2013全国卷Ⅱ改编) When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house I would be staying.6. (2014山东卷改编) A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.7. (2015全国卷Ⅰ)I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.考点1 关系代词的基本用法(参考状元桥专题九)1.关系代词：that which who whom whose as2.关系副词：where when whyApril 1st, 1996 was the day (that/ which) Jenny was born on.April 1st , 1996 was the day on which/ when Jenny was born.The company (that/ which) he works in is very large.The company in which/ where he works is very large.This is the reason (that/ which) he was late for.This is the reason for which/ why he was late.语法填空：1. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house roof is under repair.2. ---Do you have anything to say for yourselves?---Yes, there’s one point we must pay attention to.3. Anyone knows Mr. Smith considers him a good teacher.4. (2015北京卷改编) Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, you can hear some lovely music.5. If you don’t tell me the reason you are in my house, I’ll call the police.6. (2015陕西卷改编)As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent.7. (2014福建卷改编) Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth.8. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases Japanese beginners fail to use the language properly.3. 介词+关系代词的使用当先行词是物时，用介词+which；当先行词是人时，用介词+whom。

注意：介词的选择应考虑如下三个方面：(1)介词与从句中谓语动词的搭配。

如：You must remember the person to whom you lent your books.(2)介词与先行词的搭配。

如：The wall on which there was a picture has been painted.(3)结合语境恰当选用介词。

如：The river over which there is a bridge is near my house.The river on which there is a boat is near my house.The river in which there are many fish is near my house.(4) “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.9. (2015安徽卷改编)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon school education depends.10. (2015重庆卷改编) He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of were published in the 1990s.11. They held a grand graduation ceremony, which the students expressed their thanks to the teachers.12. I have many friends, whom some are living abroad.13. It is reported that two schools, both of are being built in my hometown, will open next year.考点2. that与which 的区别1.只能用that 的情况：(1) 当先行词是序数词，形容词最高级或被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时。

如：This is the first film that I have ever seen with you.(2) 当先行词是something anything，nothing，everything，all等不定代词时。

如：I want to teach you everything that I know.(3) 当先行词only，any（任何），all，very（恰巧）等修饰时。

如:This is the very person that I am looking for.(4)当主句中出现which, who时。

如：Which is the book that I picked up just now?Who is the man that is talking with the woman?(5)当先行词既有人又有物时。

如：The people and the houses that he saw were very strange.(6)当先行词在定语从句中作表语时，用that。

China is not the country that it used to be.2.只能用which的情况:(1)在非限制性定语从句中。

如：The Tale of Two Cities, which was bought last year, is one of myfavorite books.(2)在介词+关系代词中。

如：The schools themselves admit that not all children will besuccessful in the jobs for which they are being trained.语法填空：14. That evening, I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.15. This is the very room I sleep in every night.16. The police arrived, after the situation became calmer.17. When people talk about Chinese basketball players, the first comes to mind is YaoMing.如：As everyone knows, Beijing is the capital city of China.We are facing serious air pollution, as has been reported.We have to leave home for college, which makes us very sad.语法填空：18. (2015湖南卷改编) It is a truly delightful place, looks the same as it must havedone 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.19. (2015江苏卷改编) The number of smokers, is reported, has dropped by 17percent in just one year.20. (2015福建卷改编) China Today attracts a worldwide readership, shows thatmore and more people all over the world want to learn about China.考点4. as 引导的限制性定语从句当先行词被the same, such, so, as等词修饰时，一般用as 引导定语从句。