动名词,动词不定式(上课)
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主语、宾语、表语、定语
1)作主语
特征
Talking like that is not polite.
Learning from others is important.
Note:
A .动名词作主语时，有时会将真正主语（动名词）放到句 尾，用it做形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置 语。常用的结构有： It is +n. + doing. It is + adj. + doing
2. 父亲必须戒烟了。 Father must stop smoking .
3. 他看完电视后，继续看了一会书。 After he watched TV, he went on to read for a whi
4. 这辆自行车需要修理了。 This bike needs_____re_p_a_i_r_in_g_/_m_e_n_d__in_g_______.
A.singing B.sing
C.sings D.to sing
非谓语动词的概念
在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的 动词形式叫做非谓语动词 它不受人称和数的限制
非谓语动词分为三种形式:
• 不定式：to+动词原形 • 动名词：动词原形+ing • 分词（现在分词和过去分词）
考点分析
非谓语动词是每年中考的必考内容
▓ 既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有： remember, forget, regret, mean, try等，但表达 的意义不同。
1．remember/forget
to do 动作尚未发生 doing 动作已经发生
I remember seeing her at the hotel. 我记得在宾馆见过她。(动作发生了)
只能接-ing作宾语的动词口诀：
喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习 错过建议保持介意值得考虑 （押韵）
下列动词后只能接动名词做宾语：
错过 , 考虑,值得 Miss， consider， worth
建议,完成 , 练习 suggest ，finish， practise
喜欢,想象, 禁不住 enjoy，
This new order will mean (us) working overtime. 这一个新定单意味着（我们）得加班加点.
4.regret
to do对将要做的事抱歉 doing 对已经发生的事感到后悔
I regret to tell you that you can't pass the examination. 我很遗憾地通知你你不能通过这次考试． I regret disturbing you so long.我很抱歉打扰了你那么久．
动名词做主语时，不太常用 it 作先行主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后。适 用于 it做形式主语的名词（短语）有：no use, no good, fun, a waste (of time), a great pleasure, 等 适用于 it做形式主语的形容词有：表示高兴的词（better，wonderful，enjoyable nice, good, interesting） useless, worthwhile, foolish, dangerous，difficult， 等。
object to（反对）
Let’s get down to preparing for the exam.
▓动名词用在下列词组后作宾语：give up, can’t help, feel like, be worth, be busy, set about, put off, think of，insist on等 She can’t help crying at the sad sight.
the birds in
3.Let me ______(help) you _______ (water) the flowers.
4. I saw him _______ into the small store.
A. went B. going C. to go D. has gone
5.He is good at______.
I will remember to see her at the hotel. 我记着要去宾馆见她。(动作尚未发生)
to do 设法、努力去做，尽力 2. try
doing 试试去做（看有何结果）
She tried washing her hair with a new shampoo. 她试着用一种新的香波洗头发。
A walking stick A stick for walking
What is the function of gerund in the sentence ?
1.Beating a child will do more harm than good．（作主语） 2.Do you mind answering my question？ （作宾语） 3.To keep money that you have found is stealing．（作表语）
to do (人做主语) 某人需要做某事 பைடு நூலகம். need
doing（物做主语) 某物需要被...
The garden needs watering. You need to work hard.
1. 别忘了离开时把灯关了。 Don’t forget to turn off the lights before leaving.
He tried to climb the tree, but he could not. 他试图爬树，可爬不上去。
3. mean
to do 打算做（主语一般是人） doing 意味着（主语一般是物）
I meant to give you this book today, but I forgot. 我本来打算今天给你这本书的，可是我忘了。
特征 2）动名词作表语
动名词(短语)作表语用来表示主语的内容。
1.Her job is _n_u_r_si_n_g_（nurse) patients.
2.My favorite summer sport is __s_w_i_m_m_in_g__ (swim).
特征 3) 动名词作宾语
A. 动词宾语： He admitted _t_a_k_in_g__(take) the watch. Would you mind _t_u_r_n_in_g_(turn) on the radio?
4.No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room（．作定语）
翻译： 1.爬山真是有趣。 Climbing mountains is really fun.
= Climbing mountains is really fun. 2.我们正考虑明天出去吃饭。(think of， eat out ) We are thinking of eating out tomorrow. 3.你的任务就是擦窗户。 Your task is cleaning the windows. 4.你介意为我们关窗吗？ Do you mind closing the window for us ? 5.我们反对这样匆忙地离开。（ objected to ， in such a hurry） We objected to leaving in such a hurry. 6.游泳池 swimming pool 候车室 waiting room
A. to laugh
B. living
C. lives
D. lived
4) 做定语
特征
动名词作定语放在所修饰的名词之前，表示所修饰的名词 的功能、作用。
No one is allowed to speak aloud in the __r_e_a_d_in_g__(read) room.
Where is gerund ? What is the function of gerund in the sentence ?
I want to give you a birthday cake .
注意：
to 在下列短语中是介词，常跟动名词作宾语。
be/get used to
look forward to
get down to
pay attention to
devote oneself to
lead to
contribute to ．．．
imagine， can`t help
花费,保持 , 介意 spend，
keep / keep on， mind
15.Would you mind my _____(open) the door?
I can’t imagine __m_a_rr_y_in_g___(marry) a girl of that sort. I sugggest____b_u_y_in_g(buy) the dictionary
1. Swimming in this river is dangerous ( 主语？） --- It is dangerous swimming in this river.
2. Waiting here is no use ( 主语？） ---- It is no use waiting here.
What is the function of gerund in the sentence ?
B. 作介词的宾语
• He is interested in_s_i_ng_i_n_g (sing) songs.
• He left the room without _s_ay_i_n_g(say) goodbye to us all.
主要集中在对动词不定式和动名词的考查
动名词: doing 动词不定式: to do
Gerund
动名词
非谓语动词形式之一
• 1.构成: 动词原形 + ing
Play-- playing dance-- dancing
2.特征 动名词的名词特征表现在它可在句子中当 名词来用，在句中可以做的成分：
-______. Please do it.
A. to open; OK
B. opening; Certainly not
C. opening; Of course
D. to open; Good idea
3. No matter how hard it is, we'll keep_____until we make it.
热身练习
1. The old men enjoy _____ (listen) to the singing of
the park.
2.My sister is interested in _______ in her free time.
A. watch TV
B. reading books
C. listening music D. plays basketball
Do you feel like having a break?
小试牛刀
1. Now more and more people are busy_____ about the Internet.
A. learn
B. to learn
C. learning
D. learned
2.-It's too hot. Would you mind _____the door?
to do停下去做另外一件事 5. stop
doing 停止做手头的事情
1、The two girls stopped talking when they saw me. 那两个女孩一见到我就停止了讲话。
2、The two girls stopped to talk to me when they saw me. 这两个女孩一看到我就停下来和我讲话。
A. failed
B. failing
C. tried
D. trying
4. -Are you enjoying_____in Ningbo?
-Yes, we are. Very much.
A. to live
B. living
C. lives
D. lived
5． We couldn’t help _____(laugh) after we heard the funny story
1)作主语
特征
Talking like that is not polite.
Learning from others is important.
Note:
A .动名词作主语时，有时会将真正主语（动名词）放到句 尾，用it做形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置 语。常用的结构有： It is +n. + doing. It is + adj. + doing
2. 父亲必须戒烟了。 Father must stop smoking .
3. 他看完电视后，继续看了一会书。 After he watched TV, he went on to read for a whi
4. 这辆自行车需要修理了。 This bike needs_____re_p_a_i_r_in_g_/_m_e_n_d__in_g_______.
A.singing B.sing
C.sings D.to sing
非谓语动词的概念
在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的 动词形式叫做非谓语动词 它不受人称和数的限制
非谓语动词分为三种形式:
• 不定式：to+动词原形 • 动名词：动词原形+ing • 分词（现在分词和过去分词）
考点分析
非谓语动词是每年中考的必考内容
▓ 既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有： remember, forget, regret, mean, try等，但表达 的意义不同。
1．remember/forget
to do 动作尚未发生 doing 动作已经发生
I remember seeing her at the hotel. 我记得在宾馆见过她。(动作发生了)
只能接-ing作宾语的动词口诀：
喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习 错过建议保持介意值得考虑 （押韵）
下列动词后只能接动名词做宾语：
错过 , 考虑,值得 Miss， consider， worth
建议,完成 , 练习 suggest ，finish， practise
喜欢,想象, 禁不住 enjoy，
This new order will mean (us) working overtime. 这一个新定单意味着（我们）得加班加点.
4.regret
to do对将要做的事抱歉 doing 对已经发生的事感到后悔
I regret to tell you that you can't pass the examination. 我很遗憾地通知你你不能通过这次考试． I regret disturbing you so long.我很抱歉打扰了你那么久．
动名词做主语时，不太常用 it 作先行主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后。适 用于 it做形式主语的名词（短语）有：no use, no good, fun, a waste (of time), a great pleasure, 等 适用于 it做形式主语的形容词有：表示高兴的词（better，wonderful，enjoyable nice, good, interesting） useless, worthwhile, foolish, dangerous，difficult， 等。
object to（反对）
Let’s get down to preparing for the exam.
▓动名词用在下列词组后作宾语：give up, can’t help, feel like, be worth, be busy, set about, put off, think of，insist on等 She can’t help crying at the sad sight.
the birds in
3.Let me ______(help) you _______ (water) the flowers.
4. I saw him _______ into the small store.
A. went B. going C. to go D. has gone
5.He is good at______.
I will remember to see her at the hotel. 我记着要去宾馆见她。(动作尚未发生)
to do 设法、努力去做，尽力 2. try
doing 试试去做（看有何结果）
She tried washing her hair with a new shampoo. 她试着用一种新的香波洗头发。
A walking stick A stick for walking
What is the function of gerund in the sentence ?
1.Beating a child will do more harm than good．（作主语） 2.Do you mind answering my question？ （作宾语） 3.To keep money that you have found is stealing．（作表语）
to do (人做主语) 某人需要做某事 பைடு நூலகம். need
doing（物做主语) 某物需要被...
The garden needs watering. You need to work hard.
1. 别忘了离开时把灯关了。 Don’t forget to turn off the lights before leaving.
He tried to climb the tree, but he could not. 他试图爬树，可爬不上去。
3. mean
to do 打算做（主语一般是人） doing 意味着（主语一般是物）
I meant to give you this book today, but I forgot. 我本来打算今天给你这本书的，可是我忘了。
特征 2）动名词作表语
动名词(短语)作表语用来表示主语的内容。
1.Her job is _n_u_r_si_n_g_（nurse) patients.
2.My favorite summer sport is __s_w_i_m_m_in_g__ (swim).
特征 3) 动名词作宾语
A. 动词宾语： He admitted _t_a_k_in_g__(take) the watch. Would you mind _t_u_r_n_in_g_(turn) on the radio?
4.No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room（．作定语）
翻译： 1.爬山真是有趣。 Climbing mountains is really fun.
= Climbing mountains is really fun. 2.我们正考虑明天出去吃饭。(think of， eat out ) We are thinking of eating out tomorrow. 3.你的任务就是擦窗户。 Your task is cleaning the windows. 4.你介意为我们关窗吗？ Do you mind closing the window for us ? 5.我们反对这样匆忙地离开。（ objected to ， in such a hurry） We objected to leaving in such a hurry. 6.游泳池 swimming pool 候车室 waiting room
A. to laugh
B. living
C. lives
D. lived
4) 做定语
特征
动名词作定语放在所修饰的名词之前，表示所修饰的名词 的功能、作用。
No one is allowed to speak aloud in the __r_e_a_d_in_g__(read) room.
Where is gerund ? What is the function of gerund in the sentence ?
I want to give you a birthday cake .
注意：
to 在下列短语中是介词，常跟动名词作宾语。
be/get used to
look forward to
get down to
pay attention to
devote oneself to
lead to
contribute to ．．．
imagine， can`t help
花费,保持 , 介意 spend，
keep / keep on， mind
15.Would you mind my _____(open) the door?
I can’t imagine __m_a_rr_y_in_g___(marry) a girl of that sort. I sugggest____b_u_y_in_g(buy) the dictionary
1. Swimming in this river is dangerous ( 主语？） --- It is dangerous swimming in this river.
2. Waiting here is no use ( 主语？） ---- It is no use waiting here.
What is the function of gerund in the sentence ?
B. 作介词的宾语
• He is interested in_s_i_ng_i_n_g (sing) songs.
• He left the room without _s_ay_i_n_g(say) goodbye to us all.
主要集中在对动词不定式和动名词的考查
动名词: doing 动词不定式: to do
Gerund
动名词
非谓语动词形式之一
• 1.构成: 动词原形 + ing
Play-- playing dance-- dancing
2.特征 动名词的名词特征表现在它可在句子中当 名词来用，在句中可以做的成分：
-______. Please do it.
A. to open; OK
B. opening; Certainly not
C. opening; Of course
D. to open; Good idea
3. No matter how hard it is, we'll keep_____until we make it.
热身练习
1. The old men enjoy _____ (listen) to the singing of
the park.
2.My sister is interested in _______ in her free time.
A. watch TV
B. reading books
C. listening music D. plays basketball
Do you feel like having a break?
小试牛刀
1. Now more and more people are busy_____ about the Internet.
A. learn
B. to learn
C. learning
D. learned
2.-It's too hot. Would you mind _____the door?
to do停下去做另外一件事 5. stop
doing 停止做手头的事情
1、The two girls stopped talking when they saw me. 那两个女孩一见到我就停止了讲话。
2、The two girls stopped to talk to me when they saw me. 这两个女孩一看到我就停下来和我讲话。
A. failed
B. failing
C. tried
D. trying
4. -Are you enjoying_____in Ningbo?
-Yes, we are. Very much.
A. to live
B. living
C. lives
D. lived
5． We couldn’t help _____(laugh) after we heard the funny story