经济剩余分析课件
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xh(p,p % ,u0) 希克斯需求函数
p1
xh(p,wk.baidu.com % ,u1)
p
0 1
p% 1
x(p,p % ,y)
马歇尔需求函数
8
x1
等同变差或等值变动（EV）
❖ 等同变差equivalent variation：在 没有变化发生的情况下，为了使某人达 到变化发生后他可能达到的福祉水平而 应给予他的补偿金的数额。
❖ ---Fritz Machlup”Professor Hicks’ revision of Demand Theory”P122
5
价格变动的补偿CV
❖ 补偿变化衡量的是一个计划者的净收 入。这个计划者必须在价格变化发生之 后，对消费者进行补偿使消费者的效用 恢复到初始效用水平。
C V ( p ; p % , y ) e ( p % , v ( p % , y ) ) e ( p % , v ( p , y ) ) y e ( p % , u 0 ) ❖ 它可以设想为计划者为使消费者同
the followed figure) equals the amount of a lumpsum subsidy which the consumer, after purchasing a certain quantity of X at a given price, would have to receive in order to be lifted up to the same indifference level that he would attain if a reduction in the price of X at the lower price…
❖ ---Fritz Machlup”Professor Hicks’ revision of Demand Theory” P122
4
价格变动的补偿CV
❖ Pertaining to Price Increases
❖ The Compensating income variation equals the amout of a lump-sum subsidy which the consumer, after an increase in the price of X has caused him to purchase a smaller quantity of X at the higher price, would have to pay would have to receive in order to be lifted back to the same indifference level that he had attained when he purchased a larger quantity of X at the lower price…
❖ 与补偿变动的区别？ ❖ 回想希克斯补偿标准 ❖ 向农民征地前政府承诺的补偿
E V ( p ; p % , y ) e ( p , v ( p % , y ) ) e ( p , v ( p , y ) ) e ( p , u 1 ) y
9
等同变差EV
❖ Pertaining to Price Reductions ❖ The equivalent income variation(shown as EV in
amount of a lump-sum tax which the consumer, after purchasing a certain quantity of X at a given price, would have to pay in order to be pushed down to the same indifference level that he would attain if an increase in the price of X caused him to purchase a smaller quantity of X at the higher price…
❖ 回想卡尔多补偿 ❖ 对良种农产品的补贴，对农民养猪的补
贴
C V ( p ; p % , y ) e ( p % , v ( p % , y ) ) e ( p % , v ( p , y ) ) y e ( p % , u 0 )
3
价格变动的补偿CV
❖ Pertaining to Price Reduction
❖ The Compensating income variation (shown as CV in the followed figure) equals the amout of a lumpsum tax which the consumer, after a reduction in the price of X has caused him to purchase a larger quantity of X at the lower price, would have to pay in order to be pushed back the same indifference level that he had attained when he purchased a smaller quantity of X at the higher price…
意价格发生变化而必须向消费者支付的 金额的负数。补偿变化与可以表述为：
v (p % ,y C V ) u 0
6
价格变动的补偿CV
y
X价 格 降 低
CV
u0
u1
X
7
价格变动的补偿CV CVe(p % ,u1)e(p % ,u0)e(p0,u0)e(p % ,u0)
p % p0x1h(p,p % ,u0)dp
❖ ---Fritz Machlup”Professor Hicks’ revision of Demand Theory”P123
10
等同变差EV
❖ Pertaining to Price Increases ❖ The equivalent income variation equals the
第四章 经济剩余分析
2007 Fall
1
几个消费者剩余度量尺度
❖ 马歇尔的消费者剩余Consumer Surplus
❖ 价格变动的补偿CV ❖ 等值变动EV
❖ 补偿剩余CS ❖ 等值剩余ES
2
价格变动的补偿 CV
❖ 常被称为补偿变化compensating variation：为使某人保持变化以前的福利 水平，应该从他那里取走的补偿金的数额。
p1
xh(p,wk.baidu.com % ,u1)
p
0 1
p% 1
x(p,p % ,y)
马歇尔需求函数
8
x1
等同变差或等值变动（EV）
❖ 等同变差equivalent variation：在 没有变化发生的情况下，为了使某人达 到变化发生后他可能达到的福祉水平而 应给予他的补偿金的数额。
❖ ---Fritz Machlup”Professor Hicks’ revision of Demand Theory”P122
5
价格变动的补偿CV
❖ 补偿变化衡量的是一个计划者的净收 入。这个计划者必须在价格变化发生之 后，对消费者进行补偿使消费者的效用 恢复到初始效用水平。
C V ( p ; p % , y ) e ( p % , v ( p % , y ) ) e ( p % , v ( p , y ) ) y e ( p % , u 0 ) ❖ 它可以设想为计划者为使消费者同
the followed figure) equals the amount of a lumpsum subsidy which the consumer, after purchasing a certain quantity of X at a given price, would have to receive in order to be lifted up to the same indifference level that he would attain if a reduction in the price of X at the lower price…
❖ ---Fritz Machlup”Professor Hicks’ revision of Demand Theory” P122
4
价格变动的补偿CV
❖ Pertaining to Price Increases
❖ The Compensating income variation equals the amout of a lump-sum subsidy which the consumer, after an increase in the price of X has caused him to purchase a smaller quantity of X at the higher price, would have to pay would have to receive in order to be lifted back to the same indifference level that he had attained when he purchased a larger quantity of X at the lower price…
❖ 与补偿变动的区别？ ❖ 回想希克斯补偿标准 ❖ 向农民征地前政府承诺的补偿
E V ( p ; p % , y ) e ( p , v ( p % , y ) ) e ( p , v ( p , y ) ) e ( p , u 1 ) y
9
等同变差EV
❖ Pertaining to Price Reductions ❖ The equivalent income variation(shown as EV in
amount of a lump-sum tax which the consumer, after purchasing a certain quantity of X at a given price, would have to pay in order to be pushed down to the same indifference level that he would attain if an increase in the price of X caused him to purchase a smaller quantity of X at the higher price…
❖ 回想卡尔多补偿 ❖ 对良种农产品的补贴，对农民养猪的补
贴
C V ( p ; p % , y ) e ( p % , v ( p % , y ) ) e ( p % , v ( p , y ) ) y e ( p % , u 0 )
3
价格变动的补偿CV
❖ Pertaining to Price Reduction
❖ The Compensating income variation (shown as CV in the followed figure) equals the amout of a lumpsum tax which the consumer, after a reduction in the price of X has caused him to purchase a larger quantity of X at the lower price, would have to pay in order to be pushed back the same indifference level that he had attained when he purchased a smaller quantity of X at the higher price…
意价格发生变化而必须向消费者支付的 金额的负数。补偿变化与可以表述为：
v (p % ,y C V ) u 0
6
价格变动的补偿CV
y
X价 格 降 低
CV
u0
u1
X
7
价格变动的补偿CV CVe(p % ,u1)e(p % ,u0)e(p0,u0)e(p % ,u0)
p % p0x1h(p,p % ,u0)dp
❖ ---Fritz Machlup”Professor Hicks’ revision of Demand Theory”P123
10
等同变差EV
❖ Pertaining to Price Increases ❖ The equivalent income variation equals the
第四章 经济剩余分析
2007 Fall
1
几个消费者剩余度量尺度
❖ 马歇尔的消费者剩余Consumer Surplus
❖ 价格变动的补偿CV ❖ 等值变动EV
❖ 补偿剩余CS ❖ 等值剩余ES
2
价格变动的补偿 CV
❖ 常被称为补偿变化compensating variation：为使某人保持变化以前的福利 水平，应该从他那里取走的补偿金的数额。