形容词,副词的比较级和最高级总结

形容词,副词的比较级和最

高级总结

-标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII

形容词，副词的比较级和最高级

一：比较级，最高级的构成

1 在单音节形容词和部分以-er , -ow , -ble , -ple 结尾的双音节词后面直接+er；+est 例：warm → warmer → warmest high → higher →highest

slow → slower → slowest able → abler → ablest

simple → simpler → simplest

2 形容词，副词以e结尾时→+r；+st

例：nice → nicer → nicest

large → larger → largest

3 形容词，副词以辅音+y结尾时→变y为i+er；+est

例：busy → busier → busiest happy → happier → happiest

**** shy → shier → shiest / shyer → shyest

sly → slier → sliest / slyer → slyest

4 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的形容词或副词→双写词尾字母再+er；+est 例：hot → hotter → hottest big → bigger → biggest

5 多音节词（3个或3个以上音节）和部分双音节的词在前面加→ more～；most～例：beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful

useful → more useful → mos t useful

famous → more famous → most famous

6 不规则变化：

7 特殊情况：

⑴下列各词无比较级和最高级：

wrong right correct true empty perfect excellent unique extreme extremely ready possible possibly chief main mainly final sufficient fatal primary absolute absolutely entire entirely infinite naked favorite

⑵下列单音节词变比较级和最高级时在前面加more～；most～

累的：tired → more tired → most tired

高兴的：glad → more glad → most glad

无聊的：bored → more bored → most bored

喜欢的：fond → more fond → most fond

高兴的，愉快的：pleased → more pleased → most pleased

用旧的，用坏的：worn → more worn → most worn

真的，真实的：real → more real → most real

热衷的，喜爱的，着迷的：keen → more keen → most keen

⑶下列词即可以直接+er；+est，又可以more～；most～

聪明的 clever → cleverer → cleverest / more clever → most clever

经常 often → oftener → oftenest / more often → most often

残酷的 cruel → crueler → cruelest / more cruel → most cruel

严厉的 strict → stricter → strictest / more strict → most strict

狭窄的，狭隘的narrow → narrower → narrowest / more narrow → most narrow

淘气的naughty → naughtier → naughtiest / more naughty → most naughty

困的，想睡觉的sleepy → sleepier → sleepiest / more sleepy → most sleepy

友好的friendly → friendlier → friendliest/ more friendly → most friendly

充满活力的，活泼的lively → livelier → liveliest/ more lively → most lively

安全的，可靠的secure → securer → securest / more secure → most secure

浅的，肤浅的，无关紧要的shallow → shallower → shallowest / more shallow → most shallow 有名的，众所周知的 well-known → better-known → best-known / more well-known → most well-known

二：公式；

1．A+V.+as+a.∕ad.（原级）+as+B.（as…as… 像…一样）→同级比较

例句：This tree is as big as that one. 这棵树和那棵一样大。

Tom runs as fast as Jack. 汤姆跑的像杰克一样快。

2．A+V. not+as+a.∕ad.（原级）+as+B. （not as…as… 不像…一样）

A+V. not+so+a.∕ad.（原级）+as+B. （not so…as… 不像…一样）

例句：This tree isn’t as big as that one. 这棵树不和那棵一样大。

Tom doesn’t run as fast as Jack. 汤姆跑的不像杰克一样快。

Tom doesn’t run so fast as Jack. 汤姆跑的不像杰克一样快。

3．A+V.+a.∕ad.（比较级）+than+B. A比B更…

例句：This book is better than that one. 这本书比那本好。

I’m fatter than you. 我比你胖。

I study harder than you. 我学习比你努力。

4．S.+V. +a.∕ad.（最高级）+…（比较的范围）

例句：He is the cleverest student in our class. 他是我们班最聪明的学生。

He runs fastest in our school. 他在我们学校跑的最快。

5．比较级+and+比较级→越来越…

例：fatter and fatter 越来越胖

bigger and bigger 越来越大

more and more 越来越多

6．※The+比较级+…（主+谓），the+比较级+…（主+谓）越…越…（通常为省略句）

例句：The more, the better. 越多越好。

The busier he is, the happier he is. 他越忙越开心。

The more he eats, the thinner he becomes. 他吃的越多变得越瘦。

三用于修饰比较级的词

1 加强语气: even , ( very ) much , far , a lot , lots ( informal ) , still , yet , rather , considerably , a great deal ( formal )

He works even harder than before .

The rabbit is rather smaller than the hare , although in appearance the two are very similar .

She is a great deal better today .

2 减弱语气: a little , a bit ( informal ) , slightly , somewhat ( formal )

The hot dog is a bit cheaper than the hamburger .