化工原理课程设计_二氧化硫的填料塔吸收设计

目录

目录 (1)

摘要 (3)

第1章绪论 (5)

1.1吸收技术概况 (5)

1.2吸收设备的发展 (6)

1.3吸收在工业生产中的应用 (7)

第2章设计方案 (7)

2.1吸收剂的选择 (7)

2.2吸收流程的选择 (8)

2.2.1气体吸收过程分类 (8)

2.2.2吸收装置的流程 (9)

2.3吸收塔设备及填料的选择 (9)

2.3.1吸收塔设备 (9)

2.3.2填料的选择 (10)

2.4吸收剂再生方法的选择 (10)

2.5操作参数的选择 (11)

第3章吸收塔的工艺计算 (11)

3.1基础物性数据 (11)

3.1.1液相物性数据 (11)

3.1.2气相物性数据 (12)

3.1.3气液相平衡数据 (12)

3.2物料衡算 (12)

3.3塔径计算 (13)

3.3.1塔径的计算 (13)

3.3.2泛点率校核： (14)

3.3.4液体喷淋密度得校核： (14)

3.4填料层高度的计算 (14)

3.4.1传质单元数的计算 (14)

3.4.2传质单元高度的计算 (15)

3.4.3填料层高度的计算 (16)

3.5填料塔附属高度的计算 (17)

3.6液体分布器计算 (17)

3.6.1液体分布器的选型 (18)

3.6.2布液孔数的计算 (18)

3.6.3布液计算 (18)

3.7其他附属塔内件的选择 (18)

3.7.1填料支承装置的选择 (18)

3.7.2填料压紧装置 (19)

3.7.3塔顶除雾器 (19)

3.8吸收塔的流体力学参数计算 (20)

3.8．1吸收塔的压力降 (20)

3.8.2吸收塔的泛点率 (21)

3.8.3气体动能因子 (21)

3.9附属设备的计算与选择 (21)

3.9.1离心泵的选择与计算 (21)

3.9.2吸收塔主要接管尺寸选择与计算 (22)

工艺设计计算结果汇总与主要符号说明 (23)

设计过程的评述和有关问题的讨论 (26)

主要参考文献 (27)

结束语 (28)

吸收操作系统的工艺流程图 (29)

吸收操作系统的设备条件图 (30)

摘要

气体吸收过程是利用气体混合物中，各组分在液体中溶解度或化学反应活性的差异，在气液两相接触时发生传质，实现气液混合物的分离。一般说来，完整的吸收过程应包括吸收和解吸两部分。在化工生产过程中，原料气的净化，气体产品的精制，治理有害气体，保护环境等方面都广泛应用到气体吸收过程。填料塔由于其通量大，阻力小，压降低，操作弹性大，塔内持液量小，填料易用耐腐蚀材料制造，结构简单，分离效率高等优点，使得其在某些处理量大要求压降小的分离过程中得到了广泛的应用并作为主要设备之一，越来越受到青睐。

SO。对于气体的吸收应该采用气液传质设备填料塔，本设计任务是用20℃清水洗收录其中的2

SO属中等溶解度的吸收过程，为提高传质效率，选用因为它具有较高的比表面积。用水吸收2

逆流吸收流程。在此吸收过程中，操作温度及操作压力较低，选用塑料散装填料。因塑料阶梯环的综合性能较好，所以选用DN8聚丙烯阶梯环填料。梁型支承板的性能优良，有利于气液传质，因此选用梁型支承板。因该吸收塔液相负荷较大，而气相负荷相对较低，故选用槽式液体分布器。

SO-- 填料塔-- 逆流

关键词:吸收--2

Abstract

Gas absorption process is the use of the gas mixture, each component in the solubility in liquid or chemical reactivity of the differences in the two-phase gas-liquid mass transfer occurs when the contact, gas-liquid mixture to achieve separation. In general, the integrity of the process should include the absorption and desorption absorbing two parts. In the chemical production process, the raw material of gas purification, gas refined products, management of hazardous gases and protect the environment are widely used in the process of absorbing the gas. Packed column because of its large flux, small resistance, the pressure to reduce operating flexibility, the tower holding a small amount of fluid, easy-to-use filler material corrosion-resistant, simple structure, high efficiency separation, making its deal with some of the large volume of requests The small drop in the process of separation is widely used as one of the major equipment, more and more popular.

The present task is to design with 20 ℃of water to wash one's record. The gas should be used to absorb the gas-liquid mass transfer equipment packed column, as it has a high surface area. In the medium to absorb water solubility of the absorption process, in order to improve the efficiency of mass transfer, absorption current selection process. In the absorption process, the operating temperature and low pressure operation, the selection of bulk plastic filler. Plastic ring ladder as a result of the comprehensive performance is better, so choose DN8 polypropylene packing ring ladder. Liang-board support of high-performance, in favor of gas-liquid mass transfer, the choice of beam-board support. The liquid absorption tower as a result of a greater load, and the gas load is relatively low, the selection of trough liquid distributor.

SO- packed tower - current

Key words: absorption -2