直接引语变间接引语的方法

直接引语变间接引语的方法：
从句人称的变化：
1）直接引语的主语是第一人称时，变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致。

eg:①They said,“We will go there by bus” 他们说“我们将乘公共汽车去那儿”。

→ They said they would go there by bus. 他们说他们将乘公共汽车去那儿。

②He said,“I am visiting my aunt next week.” → He said that he was vis iting his aunt next week.
2）如果直接引语的主语是第二人称，变为间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持一致。

eg: ①She said to me,“Are you interested in science?” 她对我说：“你对自然科学感兴趣吗？” → She asked me if /whether I was interested in science. 她问我是否对自然科学感兴趣。

②He said to me,“You are hard-working.” → He told me that I was hard-working.
3）如果直接引语的主语是第三人称时，变为间接引语时人称保持不变。

eg: His mother said to me,“ He can’t go to school.” 他的妈妈对我说：“他不能去上学”。

→ His mother told me that he couldn’t go to school. 他妈妈告诉我他不能去上学了。

从句时态的变化：1）如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，直接引语变间接引语时，从局的时态保持不变。

eg: He says,“I am visiting my aunt next week.” 他说：“我下周要去看望我的姑姑”。

→ He says that he is visiting his aunt next week.
2）如果主句的时态为一般过去时，从句的时态要做相应的变化。

①一般现在时改为一般过去时；
②现在进行时改为过去进行时；
③一般将来时改为过去将来时。

注意：如果直接引语为客观真理、客观事实、自然现象时，变为间接引语时，时态不做变化。

eg: The teacher said to us ,“Light travels faster than sound”. 老师告诉我们：“光传播的速度要比声音传播的速度要快”。

→ The teacher told us that Light travels faster than sound.句型的变化：
1）如果直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时要用that来引导，that可省略。

eg: He said,“I like watching TV.”他说：“我喜欢看电视”。

→ He said that he liked watch ing TV.
2）如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，需用if或whether来引导，且用陈述句
语序。

eg: He asked me,“ Will you buy the red coat?” 他问我：“你要买那件红外套吗？” → He asked me if/whether I would b uy the red coat.
3）如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，引导词就是特殊疑问词，且用陈述句语序。

eg: She asked me,“Where are you from?” 她问：“你从哪里来的？” → She asked me where I was from.
4）如果直接引语是祈使句，变间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词变为不定
如：tell( ask , order ,…) sb. (not) to do sth
eg: “Open the door.” The teacher said to me. → The teach er told me to open the door.“Don’t open the door.” The teacher said to me. →The teacher told me not to open the
door.
I. 请选出正确的答案：
1. “You’ve already got well，haven’t you？” she asked.
→She asked ________.
A. if I have already got well，hadn’t you
B. whether I had already got well
C. have I already got well
D. had I already got well.
2. He asked ，“ Are you a Party member or a League member？”
→He asked me _________.
A. am I a Party member or a League member
B. was I a Party member or a League member
C. if I was a Party member or a League member
D. whether was I a Party member or a League member.
3. He asked，“How are you getting along？” →He asked _______.
A. how am I getting along
B. how are you getting along
C. how I was getting along
D. how was I getting along
4. He asked me ________ with me.
A. what the matter is
B. what the mater was
C. what’s the matter
D. what was the matter
5. He said，“Don’t do that again.” He _____ me _______ that again.
A. said to me；not to do
B. said to me；don’t do
C. told me；don’t do
D. told me；not to do
6. Can you make sure ___________？
A. that he will come here today
B. when he will come here today
C. will he come here today
D. whether will he come here today
7. Do you happen to know ________？
A. where is her address
B. in which place is her address
C. what her address is
D. the place her address is
8. Excuse me，but can you tell me ___________？
A. where can I get to the library
B. where I can get to the library
C. how can I get to the library
D. how I can get to the library
9. John asked me _______ to visit his uncle’s farm with him.
A. how would I like
B. if or not would I like
C. whether I would like
D. which I would like
10. I’d like to know ________ Chinese.
A. when he began to learn
B. when did he begin to learn
C. when did he begin learning
D. for how long he began to learn
II. 将下列句子变为间接引语：
1. “You should be more careful next time，” his father said to h im.
2. Mr. Wang said，“I will leave for Shanghai on business next month，children”
3. “I haven’t heard from my parents these days，” said Mary.
4. The geography teacher said to us，“The moon moves around the earth and the earth goes round the sun.”
5. She said to him，“It’s time that you left here.”
III. 把下列句子变为直接引语：
1. I told him that I had lost my money and that I would find it.
2. She asked whether I would be free the next day or not.
3. I asked her where she was going and what she was going to do the next day.
4. His father told him not to climb that high tree in his new coat.
5. The stranger asked me what my name was.
答案
I. 1~5 B C C D D6~10 A C D C A
II.
1. His father told him that he should be more careful the next time.
2. Mr. Wang told the children that he would leave for Shanghai on business the next month.
3. Mary said that she hadn’t heard from her parents those days.
4. The geography teacher told us that the moon moves around the earth and the earth goes round the sun.
5. She told him that it was time that he left there.
III.
1. I said to him，“I have lost my money . I will find it.”
2. She asked ，“ You will be free tomorrow，won’t you？”
3. I asked her，“Where are you going and what are y ou going to do tomorrow？”
4. His father said，“Don’t climb this high tree in your new coat.”
5. The stranger asked，“ What’s your name？”。