高级英语写作
高级英语写作2argumentation
Inductive Argumentation
归纳论证
从个别事例中推导出一般结论的推理过程。
特点
基于观察、经验和证据，逐步推导结论。
例子
通过观察一组数据，发现某种趋势，从而得 出结论。
Interpretation
解释论证
对某个观点、文本或事件进行深入分析和解释，以证 明其合理性的推理过程。
特点
需要深入挖掘信息，理解背景和语境，提供全面解释。
I will seek opportunities to write and receive feedback on argumentative essays, focusing on areas where I need the most improvement.
01
introduction
Theme Introduction
Theme
Argumentation in Advanced English Writing
Description
This course focuses on the art of persuasive writing, including the structure, logic, and language of argumentation.
要点二
Key Concepts
Important concepts such as the use of logical fallacies and the development of counterarguments were thoroughly explained and discussed.
Building Argumentation Structure
高级英语写作100例优秀句子
高级英语写作100例优秀句子1.When asked about the ongoing uproar involving U.S. President Bill Clinton , most people say the affair involves a purely private matter . But many other people regard his actions as deplorable . I personally think the president committed impeachable offences .2. When it comes to the increasing use of motor vehicles in Beijing , some people think that use should be limited . Others argue that the opposite is true . There is probably some truth to both arguments, but emission controls must be instituted regardless of the number of vehicles.3. There is a general debate nowadays about the problem of itinerant workers . Those who object to the rising migrant population argue that increasing numbers lead to rising crime rates and harm social stability . They believe that strict limits should be placed on migrants entering China ‘ s cities . But people who favor the influx of the cheap labor force , on the other hand , maintain that migrants are needed to support the massive urban infrastructure construction program .4. It is widely acknowledged that extensive deforestation contributed to heavy summer flooding . Experts argue that China must introduce a massive forestation program . But I doubt whether forestation alone will solve the problem .5. Most people are of the opinion that wealth provides solutions to allproblems . But in spite of the material benefits wealth provides , I believe one should abandon the pursuit of materialism and instead concentrate on the pursuit of happiness .6. Many people believe that capital punishment deters crime . But although criminologists have conducted exhaustive research regarding the subject , little evidence exists to support the claim .7. An increasing number of people are joining the “ Information Age ” via the Internet . In reaction to the phenomenon , some say the Internet has removed barriers and provided people with immediate access to the world . But do they raelize that rapidly advancing information technology can also lead to intrusions of privacy ?8. The use of guanxi is a widespread method for conducting business , but is it a wise one ? The method is now being challenged by more and more people .9. These days we often hear about the widening gap between the rich and poor . Some argue the developed world has totally ignored the problem . But has it ? Close examination fails to bear out the argument .10. We ' re often told that the world is tethering on the brink of destruction . But is this really the case ?11. One of the pressing problems facing our nation ( China ) today is overcoming disparities in urban and rural income levels .12. One of the most serious problems many people talk about centers onthe lack of adequate housing space .13. Perhaps the most dangerous phenomenon gripping the nation today is official corruption , which is pervasive in all levels of government .14. Inflation is yet another new and bitter truth we must learn to face .15. The rapid expansion of urban areas has in many cases encroached on valuable cultivatable land , and led to a general recognition that development must not be carried at the cost of agriculture . The government has attached greater importance to the problem and an increasing number of redundant projects are being terminated .16. There is a growing worldwide awareness of the need for strengthened environmental protection .17. There has been a dramatic increase in the spread of HIV/AIDS in recent years , with a new study projecting that the dreaded disease will affect over 30 million people worldwide by the year 2005 .18. Working with the disabled cannot help but leave one impressed with their indefatigable desire .19. Perhaps no issues are more controversial than euthanasia and abortion , both of which involve taking the life of a human being .20. Never before in history has the issue of overpopulation been more evident than now .21. Perhaps it is time to reexamine the idea that college degrees are a guarantee of intelligence .22. A growing number of people are beginning to realize that wealth is not the sole prerequisite for happiness .23. In spite of the extraordinary progress made in science and technology , problems remain in terms of guaranteeing that achievements benefit the greatest number of people .24. A famous thinker once wrote that " the greatest threat to mankind is mankind itself ! " If this is indeed the case , then the current situation should make us ponder our future existence .25. U.S. President Harry Truman once remarked : " The buck stops here ! " His view has been confirmed by numerous world leaders who have assumed full responsibility for their actions .26. Large families were once seen as a blessing . Today , however , things are changing and an increasing number of Chinese parents realize that fewer is better .27. People used to place total reliance on the government . The so-called " iron rice bowl " prevailed in the past , but things are quite different today28. Several years ago , Chinese streets were filled with people wearing identical drab clothing . Today , however , things are quite different and the streets are awash with people wearing fashionable bright colored outfits . Why has the change taken place ?29. Years of observing human behavior has enabled me to conclude thatthe major difference between mediocrity and success lies solely with the individual concerned . Successful individuals consistently seek advancement , while their less industrious contemporaries are merely content with the status quo .30. Traditional way of thinking have changed dramatically . The pendulum has swung and people are exhibiting greater open-mindedness and a burning desire to determine their own destiny .31. There has been undesirable trend in recent years towards the worship of money . A recent survey showed that X percent of respondents ranked getting rich as their top priority , compared to X percent only a few years ago . Why do people fail to realize that wealth does not necessarily bring happiness ?32. Some months ago , a friend of mine was killed in a tragic automobile accident involving a drunk driver . The incident was far from rare , and was in fact typical of thousands of cases involving people driving under the influence of alcohol .33. I recently read a newspaper article on the rampant spread of child abuse . The deplorable problem of the widespread abuse of innocent children has aroused public concern nationwide .34. Should parents spare the rod and spoil the child ? Opinions concerning strict parental discipline vary widely . Some view strict discipline as nothing more than a form of abuse , while others argue it isan essential factor for instilling appropriate social behavior .35. What do you think of the increasing openness accompanying the ongoing sexual revolution ? Do you ever fantasize ? Answers to these questions should be based on a determination between appropriate and inappropriate behavior .36. Why do some governments persist in spending billions of dollars on space exploration when starvation and poverty continue to grip many countries throughout the world ? This particular question is being raised by an ever increasing number of people .37. Judging from the reams of evidence presented , we can safely conclude that the Three Gorges Project will change the lives of an untold number of people forever .38. The ample evidence presented enables us to reasonably conclude that the scourge of AIDS will be brought under control in the foreseeable future .39. We must seek immediate solutions for problems leading to the rapid depletion of the earth's ozone layer . If allowed to proceed unchecked , the problem will undoubtedly exacerbate global warming and threaten life as we know it today .40. Quite obviously , immediate action is needed to extricate 80 million Chinese people from the grips of poverty in order to remove the danger of social unrest and ensure continuing stability .41. China needs to reexamine the results of political and social modernization in order to ascertain the benefits and indeed the detrimental aspects from a new perspective . Otherwise , various perceived accomplishments might in fact prove to be far from beneficial .42. It is essential to heed warnings of potentially catastrophic consequences associated with the Year 2000 computer bug and , in turn , to attach top priority to finding effective solutions to ensure a smooth transition into the new century .43. It is high time we put an end to the deplorable practice of infanticide.44. There is little doubt that immediate action is required to eliminate the scourge of corruption once and forever .45. In short , we must work diligently to make the world a better place for coming generations . We must not persist in pursuits harmful to the environment .46. We must avoid overindulgence and conspicuous consumption . We must instead continue to recognize the benefits of thrift in order to protect our newfound prosperity .47. It is absolutely essential to reverse the irrational misuse of nonrenewable resources . For example , fuel-efficient motor vehicles must be developed to reduce oil consumption and alternative energy sources must be found to replace coal .48. While achieving success is easier said than done , persistence does infact pay off . One of the most important traits of a successful person is self-confidence , another is desire , and still another is determination .49. Recognizing a problem is the first step in finding a solution .50. Many of the explanations offered thus far are at least to a certain extent valid , but none fully address the problem and the issue must be examined in a wider context .51. There are no immediate solutions for reversing the Asian financial crisis , but convincing affected nations to practice fiscal restraint will be highly beneficial .52. Immediate solutions for solving problems surrounding poverty remain elusive . However , public recognition of the necessity to provide a better quality of life for millions of people will represent the first step in finding effective solutions .53. What does the future hold if mankind persists in wasting natural resources ? While no one knows for sure , scientists do exhibit a degree of certainty when predicting that future generations will face a dramatically different world .54. Reversing undesirable social trends will be far from an easy task and will require a dramatic change in attitudes . A keen awareness of right from wrong is essential for determining appropriate social behavior . 55. We owe a debt of gratitude to the many individuals who dedicated their lives to making the world a better place . However , we must not reston their accomplishments , but must instead work assiduously to record even greater achievements .56. The two major challenges facing China today center on maintaining sustained economic growth and feeding its growing population of over 1.2 billion people with only seven percent of the world's cultivable land . Despite the monumental difficulties involved , Chinese people will undoubtedly exhibit their indefatigable resilience and achieve great success in both regards .57. We do , in fact , have a long way to go to reach our final goal , but achieving some remains well within the realm of possibility .58. The time is right for us to take full advantage of ample existing opportunities .59. While it remains to be seen whether or not environmental deterioration can be controlled , the current prospects are far from encouraging . People around the world must act immediately to prevent the situation from deteriorating even further .60. The methodology suggested may not guarantee ultimate success , but the eventual pay-off could well be worth the effort . Achieving even partial success will benefit mankind and contribute to creating a better world .61. Admittedly , ensuring sustainable development will require a certain level of sacrifice and arduous efforts on the part of all people .Nonetheless , the accrued returns will both strengthen the nation and ensure a better life for all Chinese citizens .62. The rapid emergence of homes for senior citizens represents a sharp divergence from the traditional Chinese practice of maintaining the nuclear family at all costs .63. Participating in interactive experiences beneficial to all is something that no one should miss . The valuable lessons learned therefore should not be arbitrarily dismissed , but should instead be treasured .64. Abortion advocates may be correct in their assertion that the practice is a necessary tool of population control , but they seem to neglect the preciousness of human life in its earliest stages .65. Some people assert that nothing is impossible . Such people should get a grip on reality and understand it's impossible to create another Universe . In more down-to-earth terms , it's impossible to know with any certainty whether you will live or die tomorrow .66. Two major factors contributed to devastating summer flooding along the Yangtze River and its tributaries . First , erosion resulting from excessive deforestation in the upper reaches of the river and , second ,heavy silting which raised the riverbed in the main channel . 67. Greed and a total lack of social consciousness have been cited as major reasons for the dramatic rise corruption .68. There are several reasons for the marked increase in China's crimerate—the dramatic influx of itinerant workers in urban areas ; declining social values ; and widening disparities between the haves and have-nots .69. Why are an increasing number of elderly Chinese parents living apart from their children ? One reason is the increasing upward mobility of the younger generation . Another is expanding social opportunities for the elderly . Perhaps the main reason , however , centers on dramatic changes in traditional concepts .70. What has sparked the increasing interest in exercise ? For one thing , people have gained a greater awareness of the need for physical fitness . For another , the constantly improving standard of living enables Chinese people to patronize the increasing number of recreational venues . The main thing perhaps centers on the healthcare and psychological benefits exercise provides .71. Identifying the reasons for an emerging phenomenon which involves several complicated factors is far from an easy task . For example , some scientists attribute environmental deterioration to a series of natural factors , while others place the blame solely on inappropriate human behavior .72. One doesn't have to look far to realize the direct correlation between smoking and cancer .73. The explanation for the phenomenon of the rising teenage suicide rate involves many complicated factors . Some attribute the rise to anoveremphasis on early success , others point to mounting peer pressure , and still others to confusion over changing social values .74. The reasons for antisocial behavior are both complicated and varied .I suggest the phenomenon results from inappropriate role models and the lack of well-defined norms of behavior . However , the main reason is quite likely the continuing degeneration of social values .75. The causes of racial hatred are not readily definable . Sociologists , however , attribute them to the misguided concept of a superior race and an innate mistrust of people of color . Perhaps the main cause is quite simply ignorance .76. The scourge of HIV/AIDS currently engulfing the world will quite likely be brought under control within the next few years thanks to the untiring efforts of scientists and researchers worldwide .77. The incidence rate of cancer mainly stems from several factors , including inappropriate diets , poor healthcare practices and the lack of early detection . Continuing medical advances and rising awareness do , however , offer promising hope for the future .78. Increased urban pollution levels and the mounting death toll from motor vehicles accidents can mainly be attributed to the glut of automobiles appearing on city roads in recent years . Detrimental factors will quite likely outweigh the benefits of rising automobile usage .79. The rising divorce rate in China can , at least in part , be attributed tospousal incompatibility , disparities in education levels , changing social attitudes and the increasing upward mobility of the younger generation .80. State-owned enterprises are not only failing because of inefficient management , but also because of their inability to switch operational modes from the former planned economy to the new market economy . 81. Perhaps there‘s no better example of high-level corruption than the case of former Beijing Mayor Chen Xitong .82. The airliner crash is seen as merely the tip of an iceberg .83. The importance of exercise to good health is only one example of aspects of life people most often take for granted .84. Just imagine how great the word would be if we would only exhibit greater concern for our fellowman .85. Suppose we're on a ship that hits an iceberg . Do we flip a coin to see who gets the seat on the lifeboat , or do we resort to violence to ensure our self-preservation ?86. Let‘s just assume that we’ve been lifelong friends and while you have food , I have none . Would you share your good fortune with me , or would you let me starve ?87. Just think of what would happen if one nuclear power launched a preemptive on another .88. There are many avenues to explore before we reach a final decision .89. It is rare to find a person willing to totally abandon the comforts oflife simply to help others .90. We should point out that the evidence is purely circumstantial .91. We must admit that the overwhelming volume of indisputable circumstantial evidence far outweighed the presumption of innocence . 92. We have to accept the facts no matter how astonishing they might sound .93. We must point out that feigning ignorance of the plight of poverty-stricken people is simply an irresponsible act on the part of ignorance .94. The apparent success of this summer‘s flood control effort doesn’t alter the fact a massive effort will be required to complete the reconstruction program .95. Some people criticize the United Nations for gross financial mismanagement , but their accusations fail to detract from the fact that the greatest portion of the organization's 1997 budget went for humanitarian assistance programs .96. The continuing wanton loss of life provides ample justification for NATO intervention in Kosovo .97. Ample evidence exists to prove that hereditary factors contribute to alcoholism .98. There is every reason to believe that China‘s resumption of sovereignty over Macao in 1999 will proceed smoothly .99. There is strong evidence to show that the hole in the Ozone Layer is expanding at an alarming rate .100. All reliable information points to the fact that the Y2K Virus ( Millennium Bug ) will create havoc with computer systems worldwide at the turn of the century .。
英语范文高级
英语范文高级English:In the era of globalization and advanced technology, it is essential to acquire advanced English writing skills to effectively communicate with people from different cultural backgrounds and excel in various fields. Mastering advanced English writing involves incorporating complex vocabulary, varied sentence structures, and cohesive paragraphs that flow seamlessly. Additionally, the ability to articulate sophisticated ideas and arguments in a concise and coherent manner is crucial for academic and professional success. Advanced English writing also requires a deep understanding of grammar rules, punctuation, and proper citation techniques to ensure the accuracy and credibility of the text. Furthermore, creativity and originality are key components of advanced English writing, as they enable the writer to engage and captivate the reader effectively. Overall, developing advanced English writing skills is a continuous process that requires dedication, practice, and a willingness to learn and improve.中文翻译:在全球化和先进技术时代，掌握高级英语写作技能对于有效与来自不同文化背景的人沟通，并在各个领域表现出色至关重要。
高级英语写作批改作文
高级英语写作批改作文1. I woke up to the sound of birds chirping outside my window. The sun was shining brightly, promising a beautiful day ahead.2. As I got ready for the day, I couldn't help but feela sense of excitement bubbling inside me. I had a feeling that something amazing was going to happen.3. Walking down the street, I noticed the vibrant colors of the flowers blooming in the gardens. It was as if nature itself was celebrating the day with me.4. Suddenly, I saw a familiar face in the crowd. It was an old friend I hadn't seen in years. We embraced, laughing and reminiscing about the good old days.5. After catching up with my friend, I decided to treat myself to a delicious meal at my favorite restaurant. The flavors danced on my taste buds, making me feel alive andcontent.6. As the day came to an end, I found myself looking up at the starry sky. I felt grateful for the wonderful experiences and connections that had come my way.7. Finally, as I drifted off to sleep, I couldn't help but smile. Life was full of surprises and joys, and I was ready to embrace them all.。
高级英语写作_Argumentation
Support
inference
Support/Claim
inference
Claim
relay race 接力比赛
小伙伴，此处有视频哦~！！
3. Compound argument
A compound argument contains more than one support for the same claim,as shown in the following:
e.g. Error XXX is one of the most important things in people’s life. It has many advantages.However,just as every coin has two sides,XXX also has some disadvantages.
A convergent argument requires two supports to work together for a claim. In other words,only one support cannot stand well without the other,as shown in the following.
2. Principles and Conventions
A good argumentation should abide by the following conventions:
Three kinds of evidence:objective data,social consensus,personal credibility and experience
3. A convincing argument
高级英语写作驳论文
高级英语写作驳论文高级英语写作——驳论文，它的写法你们知道吗?你们有模板可以参考吗?下面是店铺给大家整理的高级英语写作驳论文，供大家参阅! 高级英语写作驳论文In any academic area or professional field, it is just as important to recognize the limits of our knowledge and understanding as it is to acquire new facts and information.“Personally, I hold that knowledge knows no bounds, therefore, on realizing this awkwardness, the only thing man should do is to absorb as much new knowledge as he can for the sake of not lagging behind the pacing steps of our world.但是作者完全是从另外一个角度去论证,且看下文.Does recognizing the limits of our knowledge and understanding serve us equally well as acquiring new facts and information, as the speaker asserts?注意这一句经典的反问式开头了,这是最引人注目的.While our everyday experience might lend credence to this assertion, further reflection reveals its fundamental inconsistency with our Western view of how we acquire knowledge. Nevertheless,虽然是原则上不尽同意但还是提出妥协的办法,从而显出作者是critical thinking的,这一点很重要,也是拿分的重头戏也.a careful and thoughtful definition of knowledge can serve to reconcile the two.让我们记一记一些好词好句：lend credence to this assertion (有足够的证据)证明这一观点的正确性;further reflection reveals its fundamental inconsistency with…;Nevertheless, a careful and thoughtful definition of knowledge can serve to reconcile the two.On the one hand, the speaker"s assertion accords with the everyday experience of working professionals. For example, thesort of "book”knowledge that medical, law, and business students acquire, no matter how extensive, is of little use unless these students also learn to accept the uncertainties and risks inherent in professional practice and in the business world.Any successful doctor, lawyer, or entrepreneur would undoubtedly agree that new precedents and challenges in their fields compel them to acknowledge the limitations of their knowledge, and that learning to accommodate these limitations is just as important in their professional success as knowledge itself.在驳论的第一段,作者就举例子说明知识的有限性并不一定意味着各行各业的人就必须汲取其他方面的知识,恰恰相反,对于医生、律师或企业家来说意识到了自我知识的有限,并且寻求方法去适应调和这一有限性反而是必要的.Moreover, the additional knowledge we gain by collecting more information often diminishes-sometimes to the point where marginal gains turn to marginal losses. Consider, for instance, the collection of financial- investment information. No amount of knowledge can eliminate the uncertainty and risk inherent in financial investing. Also, information overload can result in confusion, which in turn can diminish one"s ability to assimilate information and apply it usefully. Thus, by recognizing the limits of their knowledge, and by accounting for those limits when making decisions, investment advisors can more effectively serve their clients.作者进一步通过金融投资业信息的赘余的危害性来驳斥原文的观点.On the other hand, the speaker"s assertion seems self-contradictory, for how can we know the limits of our knowledge until we"ve thoroughly tested those limits through exhaustiveempirical observation--that is, by acquiring facts and information. For example, it would be tempting to concede that we can never understand the basic forces that govern all matter in the universe. Yet due to increasingly precise and extensive fact- finding efforts of scientists, we might now be within striking distance of understanding the key laws by which all physical matter behaves. Put another way, the speaker"s assertion flies in the face of悍然不顾,公然违抗the scientific method, whose fundamental tenet is that we humans can truly know only that which we observe. Thus Francis Bacon, who first formulated the method, might assert that the speaker is fundamentally incorrect.说实话,我觉得这一段里,作者玩了一个诡辩的小伎俩：先是指出原文观点的自相矛盾性,然后引出自己的看法——认识论远重要于获取新的事实和信息,也就是要“先认识知识和理解力的局限然后才是摄取新知.”How can we reconcile our experience in everyday endeavors with the basic assumption underlying the scientific method? Perhaps the answer lies in a distinction between two types of knowledge--one which amounts to a mere collection of observations (i.e., facts and information), the other which is deeper and includes a realization of principles and truths underlying those observations. At this deeper level "knowledge" equals "under- standing": how we interpret, make sense of, and find meaning in the information we collect by way of observation.作者就上一段提出的问题推出自己的解决方法,即认识到“知识”分成两种：纯观察行为所得的信息;萃取之后的经过自己消化后的“理解”.但我觉得这里还有待发挥,估计是时间不够了,仓促间收笔吧.没有很好的说明白.In the final analysis, evaluating the speaker"s assertion requires that we define "knowledge,"which in turn requires thatwe address complex epistemological issues best left to philosophers and theologians. Yet perhaps this is the speaker"s point: that we can never truly know either ourselves or the world, and that by recognizing this limitation we set ourselves free to accomplish what no amount of mere information could ever permit.最后一句玩了复杂句的构句技巧,想搏ets一笑.但我觉得还是总结的不够好,没有说到点子上.其实,我们平实的写作大可不必如此玩弄文字,因为如果当别人都不知道你在说什么的话,一味专心于难句,无异于“喧宾夺主”了.个人认为,作者写得有点不知所云了.高级英语写作驳论文写作方法第一步：树起靶子(敌论点)，有的放矢。
雨课堂——高级英语写作-综合英语(1)
雨课堂高级英语写作综合英语习题一Read the following groups of sentences and rearrange them to form coherent Paragraphs：1.Paragraph one 1. As time went by, and I took the drug again and again, and Ｉbecame addicted to it.2. They became my friends, my guides, my lovers-my most truthful lovers.3. I could no long live without reading.4. When I was young, I thought reading was like a drug which I was allowed to take only a teaspoon at a time, but which, nevertheless, had the effect of carrying me to an entrenched world which I experienced strange and forbidden emotion.5. Books became an essential1.C2.Paragraph Two 1. We were limited to two-ten minute breaks and an unpaid half hour for lunch. 2. Working at an apple plant was the worst job I ever had.3. The second bad feature of the job was the pay.4. Each carton contained twenty-five pounds of bottled apple juice, and they came down the track almost nonstop.5. I was getting minimum wage at that time, $3.65 an hour, plus a quarter extra for working the night shift.6. I was very lonely on the job because I had no interest in common with the other truck loaders.7. I felt this isolation especially when the production line shut down for the night, and I spent two hours by myself, cleaning the apple vats.8. First of all, the work was physically hard.9. I had to work over sixty hours a week to get decent take-home pay. 10. Most of my time was spent outside on the loading dock in near-zero-degree temperatures. 11. The vats were an ugly place to be on a cold morning, and the job was a bitter one to have. 12. For ten hours a night, I took cartons that rolled down a metal track and stacked them onto wooden skids in a tractor trailer. 13. Finally, I hated the working conditions.2.B3.Paragraph Three 1. Reading aloud to children on a routine basis improves their reading, writing, speaking, listening, and imagining skills. 2. The first conclusion these people drew after two solid years of looking over all the research was: if you want to build readers, read aloud to children early and often. 3. And it improves their attitudes towards learning.4. But what we do in this culture is to teach child how to read first; then we try to get them interested in it.5. Today attitude is the major stumbling block to literacy achievement.6. That’s put the cart before the horse.7. Reading aloud is the primary focus for the national report Becoming a Nation of Readers.3.D4.Paragraph Four 1. The second bad feature was the pay. 2. And the boss was a tyrant who hated me because I was a college student. 3. During my-ten hour days, I had to carry heavy trays of food to the customers, and I had to clean the tables. 4. Working at the Cresent Falls Diner and TruckStop was the worst job I ever had. 5. Finally the working conditions were horrible. 6. I had to work at least sixty hours a week to afford next semester’s tuition because I got only minimum wage, a nd I had to share my tips with the kitchen workers too. 7. I washed dishes and then unloaded the delivery truck, lifting sixty-pound cartons of food supplies. 8. First of all, the work was physically very hard. 9. I had to wash dishes in a hot and steamy kitchen. 10. Once, when unloading a truck, I hurt my back so badly I was out of work for a week without pay! 11. He gave me terrible hours and ridiculed my clothes and even made racist slurs to my face.4.C5.Paragraph Five 1. An organ from a cadaver will most likely be old or damaged, estimated to function for about ten years at most. 2. A transplanted living kidney, however, could last a person a lifetime. 3. The legal kidney trade is attractive not only because of the promptness but also because of the chance at a living donor. 4. A kidney from a living donor can last over twice as long. 5. Once a person’s transplanted cadaverous kidney stops functioning, he or she must be back on the donors list, this time probably at the end of the line.5.B6.Paragraph Six 1. The parking lot is shared with several restaurants and a supermarket, so it is always jammed. 2. If we do get the tickets, the theatre will be so crowded that I won’t be able to sit with my friends, or we’ll have to sit in a front row gaping up at a giant screen. 3. That entitles me to sit while my shoes seal themselves to a sticky floor coated with spilled soda, bubble gum, and crushed Raisins. 4. To begin with, I just don’t enjoy the general hassle of the evening. 5. Then it’s time to stand in an endless line, with the constant threat that tickets for the show I want will sell out. 6. Since small local movie theaters are a thing of the past, I have to drive for fifteen minutes to get to the nearest multiplex.7. I have to drive around at a snail’s p ace until I spot another driver backing out.8. I have to shell out a ridiculous amount of money - up to $8- for a ticket.6.D7.Paragraph Seven 1. A person is able to say what is needed, and the other person will receive the information and respond when i t’s convenient to do so. 2. Text messaging-or texting, as it’s more commonly called-is the process of sending and receiving typed messages via a cellular phone. 3. It is a common means of communication among teenagers.4. It is even becoming popular in the business world because it allows quick messages to be sent without people having to commit to a telephone conversation.7.C8.Paragraph Eight 1. Frequent binge drinkers on college campuses are similar to other abusers elsewhere in their tendency to deny that they have a problem. 2. The scope of the problem makes immediate results of any interventions highly unlikely. 3. Indeed, their youth, their visibility of others who drink the same way, and their shelters of college community may make them less likely to recognize the problem. 4. Colleges need to be committed to large-scale and long-term behavior-change strategies, including referral of alcohol abusers to appropriate treatment. 5. In addition to addressing the health problems of alcohol abusers, a major effort should address the large number of students who are not binge drinkers on campus who are adversely affected by the alcohol-related behavior of binge drinkers.8.AWhich one is the topic sentence of the following paragraph?9.①A further reason why nu clear power should be a significant part of the world’s energy supply is its reliability. ②Once nuclear plants are built and functioning, the production of nuclear energy is constant. ③Wind and solar power, however, are intermittent energy producers. ④Wind turbines are not much use when there is no wind, wile solar power has limited potential in, say, cloud-covered Northern Europe. ⑤A key advantage of nuclear power is that, come gale, rain or shine, nuclear energy is still generated. ⑥Nuclear power pants can also depend on having a stable 10.s upply of materials.9.A2. Which one does not correctly describe the following paragraph?10.Academic integrity violations are rampant at universities across the United States. In a recent study, 75% of students surveyed admitted to have cheated at least once while in college. Another study showed that there has been a four-fold increase in the past 30 years (from 11% to 49%) in the number of students who admitted to have collaborated on assignments when the instructor asked for individual work.10.C雨课堂高级英语写作综合英语习题三1.Which of the following versions succeeds in avoiding plagiarism?The concept of system is really quite simple. The basic idea is that a system has parts that fit together to make a whole; but where it gets complicated — and interesting — is how those parts are concerned or related to each other.Source: Frick, T. (1991). Restructuring education through technology. Bloomington, IN: Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation.1.C2.Which one of the following paraphrases is not using negative structure?2.B。
英语范文高级
英语范文高级English:In today's globalized world, advanced English writing is not only a valuable skill, but also a necessity for success in various professional fields. As businesses expand internationally, the ability to effectively communicate in English becomes crucial for conducting negotiations, writing reports, and engaging with clients and partners from diverse linguistic backgrounds. Moreover, in academic and research settings, advanced English writing is essential for publishing papers, presenting findings at international conferences, and collaborating with scholars from around the world. Additionally, in industries such as technology, finance, and marketing, the capability to craft advanced English content is instrumental in reaching global audiences, promoting products, and networking with professionals from different countries. Overall, advanced English writing is a key competency that opens doors to opportunities, enhances career prospects, and facilitates cross-cultural communication in an increasingly interconnected world.中文翻译:在当今全球化的世界中，高级英语写作不仅是一项宝贵的技能，也是在各种专业领域取得成功的必要条件。
高级英语写作(第三部分 论文写作)
Part Three Essay Writing （第三部分论文写作）（I ）Title of an Essay（论文题目）An essay has a title, which is the first thing written in the upper part of the first page and centered.Rules for titles are as follows:1. A good title is clear, concise and precise; all extra words should be excluded.2. A title is often a fragment rather than a sentence.3. Quotation marks are not used.4. Capitalization is necessary.（II）Structure of an Essay（论文结构）1. Introductory paragraphThis is the opening paragraph called the introduction, which introduces the topic to be discussed and the central idea of the essay. At the end of the paragraph comes the thesis statement.2. Developmental paragraphsThese are the body paragraphs that develop the topic and central idea. They may explain, define, or illustrate the thesis statement. They may narrate or describe. They may discuss processes,classification or points of comparison and contrast. Each body paragraph contains a topicsentence, a number of supporting sentences, and a concluding sentence.3. Concluding paragraphThis is the ending paragraph called the conclusion, which completes the essay by concluding the thought developed in the essay. A concluding paragraph is usually not long.（III）Thesis Statement（命题句）1. 定义：In the introduction, the sentence containing the central idea is called the thesis statement.2. 位置：It is at or near the end of the first paragraph. (the introductory paragraph)3. 作用:It governs the content and structure of the whole essay. It states the purpose of the essay,conveys the central idea of the essay, and often indicates how the central idea will be developed.4. 重要性:It is the most general, most important sentence in the essay, for it limits and directs the rest ofthe essay. A good thesis statement tells not only where the essay is going but also how it is going to get there.5. 与主题句的异同:Similar to the topic sentence, the thesis statement also expresses an attitude, opinion,or idea about a topic. Both of them are signals of what to come. But a thesis statement is broader and governs the entire essay, whereas a topic sentence guides usually one paragraph.Thesis statement: Jogging isn’t the only way to improve your circulation.Topic sentences: 1. Many have found cycling an excellent aerobic exercise.2. Another way to improve your circulation is to swim.3. Playing table tennis is the most popular way to do your heart much goood.6. 命题句的要点:1) A thesis statement should be strong and clear, not vague or ambiguous.* People from those countries are alike.* People from those countries are alike in race, religion and social customs.2) A thesis statement is not a question, for a question contains no attitude.# Would a reduction in taxes stimulate investment?3) A thesis statement should be expressed in a complete sentence.# The procedures of working on that machine.4) A thesis statement should not be a sentence of telling the fact. It expresses an opinion.# The supermarket sells milk.* The milk the supermarket sells is not fit for babies5) A thesis statement should not simply announce the topic the essay will develop.# I am going to describe my home town.# I would like to say a few points here.6) A thesis statement should not express more than one idea.# I feel it monotonous to work in office day after day, and visiting the World Park in Beijingcan be fun.7. 命题句分解成若干主题句e.g. thesis statement: Smoking is a bad habit. ( Question: Why is it a bad habit? Answer: because)1. It wastes a lot of money.2. A smoker has nasty smells.3. It causes diseases such as pharyngitis, heart trouble, lung cancer, and etc.（IV）Four Types of Introductory Paragraphs（论文首段常用四格式）1. The Funnel Type2. The Turnabout Type3. The Dramatic Entrance Type4. The Relevant Quotation TypeStudy the following four paragraphs, point out the thesis statement in each of them, and identify which type each paragraph belongs to.1. People like traveling to a foreign country in order to delight in seeing interesting sights. Every city hassome sights to see: a palace, a bridge, a museum, or a park. Everyone there is proud of them and interested in talking about them. Each year, millions of tourists come to China, and the first city theywant to visit is Beijing. Beijing is a city where you can find some of the most interesting sights you will ever see2. Today many Chinese people prefer to work and live in big cities such as Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin,Chongqing and so on. It is true that life in cities is more developed than that in rural areas. In big cities, there are more job chances, and better communication, transportation, education and medical services.The rural area, however, is still the best type of environment for me to live in.3. “Fish and visitors”, wrote Benjamin Franklin, “begin to smell after three days.”Last summer, whenmy sister and her family came to spend their two-week vacation with us, I became convinced that Franklin was right. After only three days, I was thoroughly sick of my brother-in-law’s corny jokes, my sister’s endless complaints about her boss, and their children’s constant invasions of our privacy.4. The roar of the hurricane now is overwhelming. Rain pours down, lightning streaks across the darkrestless sky, and thunder pounds the roof and walls of the house. The house is sinking, and the ceiling in the living room blows in with an explosive sound, and gun-like reports as other upstairs windows disintegrated can be heard. Water inches its way up the steps as first-floor outside walls collapses. The prepared house and its occupants are in grave danger. Therefore, it is essential to life and property to have careful preparation before a hurricane.（V）Characteristics of the Conclusion（结尾段落的特点）1. A concluding paragraph should be integrally connected with the thesis and the subtopics.2. A concluding paragraph should make a final comment on the discussion.3. A concluding paragraph should not bring up a new topic.4. A concluding paragraph should be kept short, brief and simple.A concluding paragraph about the most interesting place to visit in Beijing could be written asfollows:There are, of course, many more things to visit while you are in Beijing, but the Palace Museum, the Summer Palace, and the Ming Tombs represent some of the more significant and beautiful sights to see. When you come to Beijing, visit these sights and you’ll be guaranteed a fond memory after going home.Let’s look at an essay’s thesis statement, topic sentences and the concluding paragraph: * Thesis statement --- My reasons for coming to a teacher’s university center around the services itprovides.* Topic sentences --- 1) The teacher’s university has high-quality academic resources.2) The teacher’s university offers a superior program in my major.3) There are better recreational activities.* Conclusion ---The excellent academic resources, the superior program, and the wonderfulrecreational activities are the reasons I decided to come to the teacher’s university.I really think I made a wise decision. If you are looking for a quality education,then consider a teacher’s university as the place to enroll.（VI）An example of the First & the Last Paragraphs（首段与末段举例）An introductory paragraph, topic sentences of body paragraphs, and a concluding paragraph about the TOEFL examination might look like this:首段（引言段落）：One obstacle that most foreign speakers find when they come to the United States to study at the university level is the TOEFL examination. Before permitting a foreign student to enroll, universities demand that they have a high score on the TOEFL exam. Although the TOEFL has been devised to measure the students English skills, it is not the best way to judge because of the nervousness of the students taking the test, the length of the test, and the luck involved in passing or failing the test.中间段落的主题句：a) Students nervousness prevents them from giving full play to their ability and wisdom.b) The long test with no breaks makes them exhausted and thus limits the efficiency of their brainc) Students have to try their luck when there are a number of obscure questions.末段（结尾段落）：I am just another student who plans to study in the U.S. and who wishes the people in charge ofthe TOEFL exam could find a better system of testing the English skills of foreign speakers. Perhaps a series of tests over a period time would reduce the anxiety of students whose university admission now rests on a single day of testing. Certainly the test takers should be permitted short breaks between sections of the test in order to relax their minds. Finally, the TOEFL should be better standardized so that it reflects more clearly a student’s English proficiency.（VII）Outline for an Essay（论文提纲）If we want to write an essay about sights to see in Beijing, the suggested outline might be like this: * Thesis statement --- Beijing is a place where you can find some of the most interesting sights you will ever see.I. Beijing is the living witness of our history.A. Historical aspects1) Great Wall2) Temple of Heaven3) Forbidden CityB. Seasonal aspects --- beautiful in all seasonsII. To the south of the Forbidden City is the world famous Tiananmen Square.A. Historical aspects1) The great May the Fourth Movement took place here in 1919.2) The first five-star red flag was raised here in1949.B. Seasonal aspects1) The location for great activities at festivals2) At Pure Brightness (Day), people come to pay homage to the martyrs in front of theMonument to People’s Heroes in the square.III. To the north of the Forbidden City are two gorgeous imperial parks : Jingshan Park and Beihai Park.A. Historical aspects1) The tree on which the last emperor of the Ming Dynasty hanged himself still stands at the footof Coal Hill in Jingshan Park.2) In Beihai Park, White Pagoda and Nine-dragon Wall built hundred of years ago attractnumerous visitors.B. Seasonal aspects1) During the summera) Boating, water-skiing and fishing in Beihai Park.b) Climbing to the top of Coal Hill in Jingshan Park to admire a bird’s-eye view.2) During the winter --- Playing on the block of iceIV. ConclusionChoose one of the following topics, and try to write an outline of an essay:1.Problems in my English study2. Bad effects of watching television3.My favorite city /My home town4. Dealing with interpersonal relationship5. Benefits of the birth control policy6. Living on campus and off campus7. Taking a part-time job 8. Advantages of studying abroad9. For a job interview 10. Books I have read11. My family then and now 12. Our campus culture13. Excuses students make for absences 14. Air pollution problem15. University and high school 16. My best friend / My favorite teacher17. Hospitable natives of Tianjin 18. A place I like best/ Cities I have visited（VIII）Model Essays of Various Modes（不同类型论文范文）（一）举例式论文(Example essay or Exemplification)The Benefits of TelevisionWe hear a lot about the negative effects of television on the viewers. Obviously, television can be harmful if it iswatched constantly to the exclusion of other activities. It would be just as harmful to listen to records or to eat constantly. However, when TV is watched in moderation, it is extremely valuable, as it provides relaxation, entertainment, and education.First of all, watching TV has the value of sheer relaxation. Watching TV can be soothing and restful after an 8-hour day of pressure, challenge, or concentration. After working hard all day, people look forward to a new episode of a favorite show or yet another showing of Cheering-up of the Whole Family Together, or Go Together with You. One doctor, for example, advises his patient with high-blood-pressure to relax in the evening with a few hours of television. This benefit of reducing stress is just beginning to be recognized.In addition to be relaxing, TV is entertaining. Along with the standard comedies, dramas, and game shows that provide enjoyment to many viewers, television offers a variety of movies and sports events. In many areas, viewers can pay a monthly fee and receive special cable programming. With this service, viewers can watch first-run movies, rock and classical music concerts, and specialized sports events, like European soccer and Grand Prix racing. Still another growing area of TV entertainment is video games. In brief, people enjoy themselves by watching TV and some indulge in it.Most important, television is educational. Preschoolers learn colors, numbers, and characters from public TV program, like Five-color Shell and other cartoons. Science shows for older children, like Between Heaven and Earth, go on location to analyze everything from volcanoes to rocket launches. Adults too can get an education from courses given on TV, say, learning a foreign language. Actually, people with different ages and from all walks of life can increase their knowledge and broaden their horizon.Perhaps because TV is such a powerful force, we like to criticize it and search for its flaws. However, the benefits of TV should not be ignored. We can use TV to relax, to have fun, and to make ourselves smarter. This electronic wonder, then is a servant, not a master.（二）对比式论文(Comparison and contrast essay)A Vote for McDonald’sFor my birthday this month, my wife has offered to treat me to dinner at the restaurant of my choice.. I think she expects me to ask for a meal at the Chalet, the classiest, most expensive restaurant in town. However, I’m going to eat my birthday dinner at McDonald’s. When I compare the two restaurants, the advantages of eating at McDonald’s are clear.For one thing, going to the Chalet is more difficult than going to McDonald’s. The Chalet has a jacket-and-tie rule, which means I have to dig a sport coat and tie out of the back of my closet, make sure they’re semi-clean, and try to steam out the wrinkles somehow. The Chalet also requires advance reservations. Since it is in down town, I have to leave an hour early to give myself time to find a parking space within six blocks of the restaurant. The Chalet cancels reservations if a party is ten minutes late. Going to McDonald’s, on the other hand, is easy. I can feel comfortable wearing jeans or a warm-up suit.I don’t have to do any advance planning. And the parking space is just in front of the restaurant. Surely, dining in the Chalet brings you more annoyances.For another, eating at the Chalet is, to me, less enjoyable than eating at McDonald’s. The Chalet is a dimly lit, formal place. Since I’m poor in eyesight, I worry I’ll knock one of the fragile glasses off the table. And waiters there can beuncomfortably formal. As I awkwardly pronounce the French words on the menu, I get the feeling that I don’t quite live up to their standards. And I don’t like unfamiliar food there. On the contrary, McDonald’s is a pleasant place where I feel at ease. It is well lighted, and the bright-colored décor is informal. The employees serve with smile, and the food is easy to pronounce and identify. I know what I am going to get when I order a certain type of sandwich. In a word, I don’t feel uneasy when I am in McDonald’s.The most important difference between the Chalet and McDonald’s is the price difference. Dinner for two at the Chalet, even without appetizers or desserts, would cost fifty dollars or more. And the fifty dollars doesn’t include the cost of parking the car and tipping the waiter, which can come to an additional ten dollars. Yet, at McDonald’s, a filling meal for two will cost around eight dollars. And there is free parking. With the extra fifty-two dollars, my wife and I can eat at McDonald’s at least six more times, or go to the movie five times. Really, we save money by eating at McDonald’s.So, for my birthday dinner celebration, or any other time, I prefer to eat at McDonald’s. It is convenient, friendly, and cheap. And with the money my wife saves by taking me to McDonald’s, she can buy me what I really want for my birthday. It is a smart choice.（三）分类式论文(Classification essay)Mall PeopleHaving fun can exhaust one’s bank account. By the time a person drives to the city and pays the tired-looking parking attendant the hourly fee to park, there is little money left to buy movie tickets, let alone popcorn and soft drinks to snack on. As a result, people have turned from wining, dining, and movie-going to the nearly free-parking, free-admission shopping malls. Teenagers, couples on dates, and the nuclear family can all be observed having a good time at this alternative recreation spot.Teenagers are the largest group of mall-goers. The guys saunter by in sneakers, T-shirts, and blue jeans, complete with a package of cigarettes sticking out of their pockets. The girls stumble along in high-heeled shoes and daring tank tops, with hairbrushes tucked snugly in the rear pockets of their tight-fitting designer jeans. Traveling in a gang that resembles a wolf pack, the teenagers make the shopping mall their hunting ground. Their raised voices, loud laughter, and occasional shouted obscenities can be heard. Among the shoppers, would-be shoppers and window-shoppers are a large number of youngsters many of whom come just to hang out.Not only are teenagers mall-goers, couples are now spending their dates at shopping malls. The young lovers are easy to spot because they walk hand in hand, or their arms wrapped around each other’s waists, stopping to sneak a quick kiss after every few steps. They first pause at jewelry store windows and gaze at diamond engagement rings and gold wedding necklaces. Then they wander into furniture stores. Whispering happily to each other, they imagine how that five-piece living room set would look in their future home. Such sights of lovers are very common in malls.The nuclear families are also a large group of mall-goers. Parents with a little child are often seen walking leisurely in the mall. The little boy wants to see some special mall exhibits geared toward little children, or wants to head for the appealing toy stores. Mom walks around looking at various things until she discovers that her daughter is no longer attached to her hand. Meanwhile, Dad has arrived at a large store and is admiring the products he would love to buy. Indeed, the mallprovides something special for every member of the family.The teens, young lovers, and the three-member families make up the vast majority of mall-goers. There, folks need not purchase anything to find pleasure at the mall. They are shopping for inexpensive recreation, and the mall provides it.（四）因果分析式论文(Cause and effect analysis essay)The Joy of an Old CarSome of my friends can not believe my car still runs. Others laugh when they see it parked outside the house and ask if it’s an antique. But they are not being fair to my fourteen-year-old Chevrolet. In fact, I like my “antique” because it saves me money and it is dependable and familiar to me.One reason is economy. Fourteen years ago, when my husband and I were newly married and nearly broke, we bought the car --- a shiny, red, year-old leftover --- for a mere $3,800. Today it would cost five times as much. We save money on insurance, since it’s no longer worthwhile for us to have collision coverage. Old age has even been kind to the Chevrolet engine, which required only three major repairs in the last several years. And it still delivers twenty-six miles per gallon in the city and thirty-eight on the highway ---- not bad for a senior citizen. It saves a lot.The second benefit is dependability. If a Chevrolet passes the twenty-thousand-mile mark with no major problems, it will probably go on forever. Our Chevrolet breezed past that mark many years ago and has run almost perfectly ever since. Even on the coldest, snowiest morning, I can count on my car to sputter to life and roll sure-footedly down the driveway. It may have the body of an old car, but beneath its elderly hood hums the engine of a teenager. So it is reliable.Last of all, there is the advantage of familiarity. When I open the door and slide into the driver’s seat, the soft vinyl envelops me like a well-worn glove. I know to the millimeter exactly how much room I have when I turn a corner or back into a streetside parking space. When my gas gauge is on empty, I know that 1.3 gallons are still in reserve and I can plan accordingly. The front wheel invariably begin to shake when I go more than fifty-five miles an hour, reminding me that I am exceeding the speed limit. My Chevrolet is very familiar to me, just like a member of my family.I prize my 14-year-old Chevrolet’s economy and dependability, and most of all, its familiarity. It is faded, predictable, and comfortable, like a well-worn pair of jeans. And like a well-worn pair of jeans, it will be difficult to throw away.（五）辩论式论文(Argumentation essay)Living in the PresentAbout one of man’s frailties Thomas Wolfe wrote, “he talks of the future and he wastes it as it comes.”This observation is related to a principle by which I try to live. I believe in living in the present because it is futile to dwell on the past, to worry about the future, or to miss anything in the only reality I know.It is futile to dwell on the past. What existed or happened in the past may have been beautiful or exciting and may now bring profound and precious memories; but the past is dead, and it is not healthy for living spirits to linger over a world inhabited by ghosts. The past may also be a place of horror, of regret, of spilled milk, of unfortunate deeds that cannot be undone, of sad words like “might have been”. A friend of mine used to have a very beautiful and virtuous wife. An affectionate couple, they were deeply attached to each other. But good times did not last long. His wife was killed in a trafficaccident, which badly upset him. From then on he could not free himself from the pain, talking to people all the time how nice his wife had been. He had no courage to face the reality and could not concentrate his attention to his work for many months. Though his boss had paid him a lot of sympathy, the former decided to fire him at last.It is also useless to worry about the future. Why fly to heaven before it is time? What anxious visions haunt the person who thinks too much about the future. He may envision the horrible mushroom cloud; the earth shriveling from the radiation. He may imagine his own life going away, appointments missed; advancements given to someone else; his house burned to the ground; his love lost; everything in his life, as in a nightmare, slipping away from him. There is no end to the disasters a person can worry about when he focuses anxiously on the future. There are some disasters he may be able to prevent, but he must do that by living well in the present, not simply by worrying about the future.It is not the past nor the future but the present moment that is the only reality I know, and I don’t want to miss it. The wild cheery cough drop dissolving in my mouth is sweet and soothing. Even my sore throat and back-ache have meaning. The cool night air, the cracking noises of my furnace, my cat yawning and stretching --- these are the tangible realities I can recognize. They exist in this moment, together with my own breathing, the warm lamp overhead. Along with these are the realities of other people and of all life on this earth, which matters to me now, not at some past or future time.Everyone needs a sense of history, particularly a feeling for his own roots, but history needs to keep its distance to be appreciated. It is painful and pointless to fixate on a period that cannot be relived or repaired. It is unproductive self-punishment. The past must be kept in its place, outlived and outgrown. It is also vital to have some sense of direction, which means making plans for the future, but not becoming preoccupied with them. There are events in his future, including his own demise, over which he has little or no control, but he can ruin his life worrying about them.Men are mortal. There is a limit to our lives, but no limit to serving the people. We should work hard for our happiness and for other’s happiness, and should know how to enjoy ourselves. Men seldom break down from overwork but from worry and ennui. So what is most important, I believe, is living in the present, that is, being alive now.( IX）Topics for Writing（写作题目）I.举例式：1) When you first came to Tianjin, you were undoubtedly surprised by something. Tell theexamples you think of.2) What are some of the unwritten rules that you think cultures use to regulate behavior? Getexamples of these rules in Chinese culture.3) In the Chinese language, there exist a lot of euphemisms. Can you give some examples ofwords that camouflage meaning?4) You have some roommates in the dorm. Do you think that living with roommates teachesyou tolerance, adaptability, and patience? Give example.5) The Chinese people are valiant, industrious and thrifty. Can you think of some examples toshow the traditional virtues of the people?6) Many foreigners say that Chinese is much more difficult to learn than Western languages.If you think so, get some examples of difficulties in learning Chinese.2. 对比式：1）My family then and now 2) Classical & rock music 3) A tiger & an elephant4) Two friends/neighbors 5) Big and small enterprises 6) Generation gap7) Tianjin and Hong Kong 8) My high school and my university3. 分类式：1）Types of lies people tell 2) Types of houses3) Cold remedies 4) Different accountants5)Books you have read 6) Cities you have been to7) Your classmates 8) Excuses students tell for missing class4. 过程分析式：1) How to begin your job hunting 2) Analyzing the process of the Anti-Japanese War3) How to get a driver’s license 4) How an accident you saw or heard happened5) How to cook a particular dish 6) How to fix a puncture in your bicycle tire.5. 因果分析式：1）Effects of overpopulation 2) Causes of obesity3) Tooth decay 4) Upsetting the balance of nature5) Drinking alcohol 6) Doing regular aerobic exercises7) Sore throat 8) Harmonious interpersonal relationship6. 定义式：1）An optimist 2) Freedom 3) A hypocrite 4) Aggressiveness5) Versatility 6) A snob 7) Embezzlement 8) Meaning of conscience7.辩论式：1）Pornographic books should be banned from the market.2) Most of people in Tianjin are quite hospitable.3) The cafeteria in our school should be run by the students.4) My first experiences with Americans were traumatic.5) Vital city services should work properly.6) Serious problems do exist and need to be solved.7) Is it time to abolish capital punishment?8) TV commercials offer viewers fun and amusement as well as necessary information.They are annoying and often interrupt movies, and watching them is waste of time( X ) Self-Test for the Essay Writing ( 论文写作自测)I. Determine which of the following can be used as thesis statements:1. Students should be allowed to do part-time jobs.2. The advantages of majoring in the English language and literature.3. Here I would like to describe my family’s today and yesterday.4. I like my old car because it saves money and it is dependable and familiar to me.5. Being a punctual person is very important in modern society.6. Watching TV is good, as it provides relaxation, entertainment and education.7. Going to university is beneficial, and I’ve found that living on campus can be fun.8. Most of the people in Tianjin are really very hospitable.。
高级英语写作教程
高级英语写作教程学会用好高级的英语短语，凝练成一篇优秀的英语写作文章。
下面是店铺给大家整理的高级英语写作教程，供大家参阅!高级英语写作教程简介高级英语写作教程是以论述科研、文学、商业等领域内的高级英语写作为中心的。
其中，有一部分是以“批判性思维”为主题的，虽然是启发思路，但对写作有直接的指导意义;还有一部分是英美澳学者专为外族学习者专门编著的写作教材，很值得我国英语使用者，特别是用英语撰写论文的学生，参考借鉴。
国内英语写作教材往往过多强调细节，常使学生见木忘林;各大专院校的英语教育更往往忽略对英语作文的整体把握。
高级英语写作教程介绍中文名: 高级英语写作教程英文名: Courses for Advanced English Writing地区: 美国,英国,澳大利亚对白语言: 英语简介:本书是以论述科研、文学、商业等领域内的高级英语写作为中心的。
其中，有一部分是以“批判性思维”为主题的，虽然是启发思路，但对写作有直接的指导意义;还有一部分是英美澳学者专为外族学习者专门编著的写作教材，很值得我国英语使用者，特别是用英语撰写论文的学生，参考借鉴。
国内英语写作教材往往过多强调细节，常使学生见木忘林;各大专院校的英语教育更往往忽略对英语作文的整体把握。
高级英语写作范文：年度销量报道Although sales at both ASEF Chemicals and Chemicon Ltd experienced a number of fluctuations over the period 1995-1999, turnover at both companies showed a general upword trend.At the beginning of the period ASEF sales stood at just over $30m. They experienced a fall the following year, before pickingup again in 1997 and reaching a peak of $60m in 1998. Sales fell again slightly the following year but remained higher than their 1997 level. Chemicon sales exceeded those of ASEF in 1995 ($42m compared to $31m). Despite experiencing a fall in 1997, the overall trend was a slight rise over the four year period. Both companies ended 1999 with turnover of around $50m with Chemicon outselling ASEF for the first time since 1996.高级英语写作范文：供应商建议IntroductionThe aim of the report is to recommend asupplier for our new range of leisurewear. Acommittee from the Purchasing Department waspresented with a shortlist of five potential suppliersto select from. The criteria considered was price,quality, delivery and flexibility.FindingsIt was found that, taking the companies' overallratings into consideration, there was negligibledifference between suppliers. Consequently, thecommittee decided to narrow its focus to the area considered to be of major importance forQuayWest's image, namely quality and price.Consort Trading Despite offering the best deal financially, the company is unable toguarantee garments compliant with EU standards.Samokovska Although it produces goods of an extremely high quality for exclusivemarkets, this supplier charge high prices,part of which would necessarily be passed on tocustomers.Namlong Sportswear The poor standards of craftsmanship make it difficult to justify payingthe prices quoted.Shiva Trading Sample items from this supplier show an acceptable quality level.Furthermore, the deals currently on offer make it an attractive option.Hai Xin Group There is some doubt as to whether garments produced by this companywould meet EU standards. In view of this, the prices appear unreasonably high.ConclusionsIt was felt to be unwise to risk compromising the company's image by using suppliers oflow quality goods. Similarly, using an expensive supplier could affect QuayWest's reputationfor value for money.RecommendationsConsequently, it is suggested that QuayWest negotiates a contract with Shiva Trading.高级英语写作范文：品牌全球化IntroductionThis proposal sets out to examine options forthe successful globalisation of ourˉBorders brand.The initial marker under consideration isContinental Europe. For the purposes of thisproposal, we will be considering three aspect of thebrand, namely our logo, the ˉBorders concept andfinally, the product itself, ˉBorders wellington boots.FindingsThe following findings summarise our keyfindings.It was found that our existing logo, a pair of wellington boots encircled by the wordˉBorders, is visual enough to be used in markets where English is not widely spoken.Attitudes to outerwear differ throughout Europe and our boots are likely to appeal todifferent market sectors in different areas. This has serious implications for the benefits we wishto publicise. Although Danish farmers would be willing to purchase such a high qualityproduct, farmers in some countries are unlikely to choose a British brand over a domesticproduct.However, the very Britishness of the product would appeal to the style-consciouselements of the French and Italian markets, summoning up images of the English upper classesand country houses.Our current product is multi-purpose and as such would not need adapting to suit differentsectors of the European market.ConclusionsIt was agreed that although the present logo and product are suitable for globalisation asthey stand, we propose that the Borders concept be adapted for different markets.RecommendationsWe recommend that further studies be carried out into the marketing strategies bestsuited to different European regions.。
高级英语写作：Writing Paragraphs
Writing Paragraphs1. Argumentative EssayDefinition: In this kind of essay, we not only give information but also present an argument with the PROS (supporting ideas) and CONS (opposing ideas) of an argumentative issue. We should clearly take our stand and write as if we are trying to persuade an opposing audience to adopt new beliefs or behavior. The primary objective is to persuade people to change beliefs that many of them do not want to change.Argumentative or persuasive essays?While some teachers consider persuasive and argument papers to be basically the same thing, it’s usually safe to assume that an argument paper presents a stronger claim—possibly to a more resistant audience.For example: while a persuasive paper might claim that cities need to adopt recycling programs, an argument paper on the same topic might be addressed to a particular town. The argument paper would go further, suggesting specific ways that a recycling program should be adopted and utilized in that particular area.议论文是一种议论说理的文章，以抽象的思维形式，通过运用概念、判断、推理等逻辑形式论证和阐述作者的观点，表明作者赞成什么，反对什么。
高级英语写作范文
高级英语写作范文Advanced English Writing SampleThe Impact of Social Media on SocietyOver the past decade, social media has become an integral part of our daily lives, changing the way we communicate, interact, and express ourselves. While it brings numerous benefits, its impact on society is a subject of debate. This essay will examine the positive and negative effects of social media on individuals and society as a whole.One of the most significant advantages of social media is its ability to connect people from different parts of the world. It has dissolved geographical barriers, allowing users to communicate with friends, family, and even strangers across borders. This increased connectivity has not only fostered global friendships but has also provided a platform for cultural exchange and understanding. Individuals can learn about different customs, traditions, and perspectives, promoting tolerance and empathy.Furthermore, social media has empowered individuals to share their voices and opinions on various topics. Traditionally, traditional media outlets held the power to disseminate information. However, with social media, anyone can voice their thoughts and ideas, potentially influencing public opinion, and garnering support for important causes. This democratic nature of social media has proven instrumental in mobilizing communities for social justice movements, as seen in the Arab Spring and subsequent protests worldwide.On the other hand, social media has also posed challenges to individuals and society. One significant negative effect is the potential for cyberbullying and online harassment. The anonymity provided by the internet has resulted in a surge in abusive behavior, leading to serious psychological and emotional consequences for numerous victims. Moreover, the spread of fake news and misinformation has become a prevalent issue, amplifying social divisions and distorting public discourse.Additionally, the excessive use of social media can have adverse effects on mental health and social interactions. Research has shown that prolonged screen time can lead to feelings of loneliness and depression, as individuals compare their lives to the carefully curated images of others. Moreover, excessive reliance on virtual connections may hamper face-to-face interactions, negatively impacting interpersonal skills and relationships.In conclusion, social media has had a profound influence on society, presenting both positive and negative consequences. Its ability to connect people globally and provide a platform for expression has been invaluable. However, the challenges it poses, such as cyberbullying and the spread of misinformation, require constant vigilance and regulation. By understanding and addressing these issues, we can harness the full potential of social media while mitigating its negative impacts.。
高级英语写作3
The relation between major supporting statements & minor supporting statements. 主要推展句与次要推展句的关系(relation)基本可以 遵循下面的“三部分”(three-part)规则。 1〕每个主要推展句都应该是对主题句中表示主要 思想的关键词的直接、明确的说明。 2〕每个次要推展句都应该说明它的主要推展句。 3〕含有讨论说明或分析的问题通常既要有主要推 展素材，又要有次要推展素材。
Practice of topic sentence and controlling ideas
1. People can avoid burglaries. People can avoid burglaries by taking certain precautions. 2 .Growing up in a small town is good. There are several advantages of growing up in a small town. 3. Air pollution in Mexico City is the worst in the world . Air pollution in Mexico City is the worst in the world for a number of reasons.
how to make supporting statements 主题句及关键词确定后，开始选择和主题有关 的信息和素材。实质上，针对关键词测试每一个所 选择的素材就是一个分类的过程。有一种常用的方 法就是句子展开前加以设问，然后解答，即设问－ 解答(why-because)的方法。下面我们通过举例来看 一看这种分类过程是如何完成的。例3： 假设 (suppose) Topic sentence: English is an international language? 设问(why) Why can we say English is an international language?
超星尔雅高级英语写作
超星尔雅高级英语写作高级英语写作需要注意一些更深层次的语言运用和写作技巧。
以下是一些建议，帮助你在高级英语写作中提升表达和论述水平：1. 精炼语言表达：•使用准确、清晰、精炼的语言表达观点。
避免冗长和不必要的修辞。
•利用丰富的词汇，避免反复使用相同的词汇，展示词汇的广度和深度。
2. 句子结构的多样性：•采用多样的句子结构，包括简单句、复合句、复杂句等，以提高文章的流畅度和表达力。
•避免过度使用简单句，使文章更富有层次感。
3. 逻辑连贯性：•确保文章的逻辑顺序清晰，每个段落之间有明确的连接关系。
•使用过渡词语和句子，引导读者理解文章的结构和思路。
4. 深度思考和分析：•在论述观点时，进行深度思考和充分的分析。
不仅陈述事实，还要解释为什么和它们的意义。
•避免表面化的论述，力求深入挖掘主题。
5. 引用和参考文献：•在需要支持观点的地方，适当引用专业文献、研究或权威人士的意见。
•遵循正确的引用和参考文献格式，保持学术诚信。
6. 文体和语气：•根据写作目的选择适当的文体和语气。
比如，正式的学术写作可能需要更为严谨的语气，而评论性文章可以更灵活。
7. 注意细节和语法：•仔细检查文章中的细节，确保语法、拼写和标点符号的正确使用。
•重视细微之处，以提高整体的专业程度。
8. 审慎使用修辞手法：•谨慎使用修辞手法，确保它们与文体和主题相符，避免过度修辞导致歧义或混淆。
9. 审阅和反馈：•在完成写作后，给自己一些时间休息，然后再审阅。
尽量以读者的身份审视自己的作品。
•寻求他人的反馈，了解其他人对你的写作的看法，从中汲取经验和建议。
10. 阅读优秀作品：•阅读高质量的英语文学作品、学术文章和专业写作，学习其中的表达方式和写作技巧。
通过不断的实践和反思，逐渐提高英语写作水平。
记住，高级英语写作是一个渐进的过程，需要不断地积累和改进。
《高级英语写作》课程思政优秀案例
《高级英语写作》课程思政优秀案例引言《高级英语写作》课程作为英语专业高年级的核心课程之一，不仅要培养学生的英语写作技能，提高其跨文化交际能力，更要肩负起思想政治教育的重要使命，将思政元素融入课程教学之中。
本文档旨在分享和总结本课程在教学实践中融入思政教育的优秀案例，以期为同类课程的教学改革提供参考和借鉴。
教学目标1. 提高学生的英语写作能力，使其能熟练运用高级英语表达思想和感情。
2. 增强学生的跨文化交际意识，提升其在国际交流中的竞争力。
3. 融入社会主义核心价值观，培养学生具有全球视野的社会主义建设者和接班人。
教学内容与方法1. 教学内容- 英语写作基本理论与技巧：介绍英语写作的基本原则和技巧，包括文章结构、修辞手法等。
- 跨文化交际写作：分析不同文化背景下的写作特点，培养学生尊重和理解不同文化的写作风格。
- 思想政治教育内容：融入中国特色社会主义理论、中华优秀传统文化等内容，引导学生正确表达中国声音。
2. 教学方法- 案例分析法：通过分析优秀英文文章，使学生掌握写作技巧。
- 讨论互动法：鼓励学生就热点话题进行讨论，培养其思辨能力和批判性思维。
- 实践教学法：让学生通过写作实践，将所学理论知识应用于实际写作中。
思政教育实践案例案例一：引入中国特色社会主义理论在讲解英文写作的逻辑结构时，教师引入中国特色社会主义理论作为案例分析，让学生通过撰写关于中国特色社会主义理论的英文短文，加深对社会主义核心价值观的理解和认同。
案例二：弘扬中华优秀传统文化在教授如何撰写文化比较类文章时，教师提出中华优秀传统文化与西方文化的比较主题，引导学生正确展现中华文化的独特魅力，增强文化自信。
案例三：关注时事热点结合当前国际形势和时事热点，教师组织学生进行讨论，并撰写评论文章。
在此过程中，教师引导学生树立正确的历史观、民族观、国家观、文化观。
教学效果评估- 学生满意度：通过问卷调查收集学生对课程思政元素的反馈。
- 写作质量：评估学生在思政元素引导下的英文写作质量。
高校国家级课程思政示范课：《高级英语写作》(公共英语拓展课)
高校国家级课程思政示范课：《高级英语写作》（公共英语拓展课）《高级英语写作》是一门旨在提高学生写作能力的公共英语拓展课，春季学期面向全校本科生开设。
该课程团队主讲教师为张雅萍副教授，教学团队成员为王晓彤、田丽丽、张玉荣、刘力、刘启升、郝彩虹等教师。
团队基于多年来的英语写作教学改革实践取得的教学成果“标准引领、技术驱动—混合式教学模式下的大学英语写作能力培养体系创新与实践”，获得了2021年中国人民大学教学成果奖二等奖。
团队教师亦为多项教学成果奖主要完成人，包括2018年北京市教学成果奖一等奖和2021年中国人民大学教学成果奖一等奖等，也获得多个教学奖项，比如：2020年首届全国高等学校外语课程思政教学比赛全国决赛特等奖、2021年高等学校（本科）外语课程思政优秀教学案例征集与交流活动北京市一等奖、2019年中国人民大学教学标兵等。
本课程主要介绍英语说明文和议论文写作的基本知识，培养学生阐述信息和观点、表达思想和认识的能力。
教学设计中在每个单元都明确价值塑造、知识传授、能力培养三位一体的教学目标。
在价值塑造维度，重视培养学生家国情怀和社会主义核心价值观、社会责任感和优秀道德品质；在知识层面，重视英语写作规范、文体和语用等知识；在能力层面，重视培养学生拓展思维、准确表达等能力。
此外，本课程团队积极探索线上线下混合教学，已有三门慕课在融优学堂和中国大学慕课上线运行，学校已推荐参加国家级一流本科课程（线上课程）的评选。
课程挖掘的思政资源分析英语写作教学中运用大量来源于西方出版物的例文，教师对其内容的选择本身就包含着价值判断。
对教学内容的选择既要使学生了解西方话语体系中的观念和表达方式，也要帮助学生学会去伪存真、明辨是非，培养学生理性分析问题、认识问题、阐释观点的能力。
第一First提供契合“价值-知识-能力”三位一体教学目标的例文，实现价值传输。
教师根据具体单元的教学重点精心挑选例文，既展现英语写作的基本框架、不同文类的行文特点、以及简洁优美的语言，又包含人文精神和我国社会主义核心价值观，如：家国情怀、社会责任、合作友爱、公平正义等，在培养学生写作技能的基础上，提升学生的人文素养，达到思政育人的目标。
高级英文写作课程简介
高级英文写作课程简介
课程编号: 050386
课程名称: 高级英文写作
课程名称（英文）:Advanced English Writing
适用专业：英语
先修课程：英语写作、基础英语
学时：36
学分：2
教学层次：本科
课程简介: 高级英语写作是开放教育英语专业本科第三学期的必修课程之一。
本课程的教学目的是进一步提高学生用书面英语进行交际的能力。
课程是重点是培养学生的写作能力，同时包括一定的听说和阅读训练，以全面提高学生的英语综合运用能力。
课程结束时，学生应能够完成与学习有关的各种非正式的写作任务，并养成写作的习惯；能通过写作有效地进行交际；能用恰当的语体和语气写简短的叙述文、描写文、说明文和论述文；能写出格式正确的小论文和小型项目报告。
教材：
丁往道，1997，《英语写作手册》，北京：外语教学与研究出版社。
参考书目：
Kriszner,G. L. 2008.The Wadsworth Handbook(8th edition) Cengage Learning Asia Pte. Ltd.
傅似逸，1997，《英汉应用文手册》，北京：北京大学出版社。
李赋宁，2000，《高级英文写作教程》，北京：外语教学与研究出版社。
孙骊，2000，《英语写作》，上海：上海外语教育出版社。
杨永林，2006，《体验英语写作》（1-4册），北京：高等教育出版社。
考核方式：考查
成绩评定：
本学科的考试目的主要考察学生的知识掌握（对课内教材和教师的授课内容的掌握）和实际写作能力。
感觉英文作文高级
感觉英文作文高级英文回答：As a seasoned writer with a knack for crafting captivating narratives, I am confident in my ability to produce a compelling essay that meets the lofty standards you have set forth. Your request for an essay that showcases my advanced English writing prowess is one that I eagerly embrace.In the tapestry of my writing, I deftly weave together sophisticated vocabulary, intricate sentence structures, and literary devices to create a prose that is both elegant and evocative. I am adept at employing rhetorical strategies, such as parallelism, antithesis, and metaphor, to enhance the impact of my writing and leave a lasting impression on my audience.Moreover, I am well-versed in various writing styles, from the analytical to the persuasive. I can effortlesslytransition between formal and informal registers, adapting my language to suit the specific requirements of the taskat hand. My writing is characterized by its clarity, precision, and attention to detail, ensuring that my intended message is conveyed with utmost clarity and impact.For instance, in a recent academic essay, I exploredthe complex relationship between language and identity. I delved into the intricate ways in which language shapes our perception of the world and influences the ways in which we interact with others. Through the use of vivid examples and insightful analysis, I demonstrated my ability to engagewith complex ideas and present them in a manner that isboth accessible and thought-provoking.In another essay, I took on the challenge of writing a persuasive speech. I passionately advocated for the importance of investing in renewable energy sources, citing compelling statistics and drawing upon real-world examplesto support my argument. My speech was delivered with conviction and eloquence, effectively persuading myaudience of the urgency of addressing climate change.Beyond my technical abilities, I possess a deep-seated love for the English language and a keen eye for detail. I am constantly expanding my vocabulary and refining my writing style, striving to communicate my thoughts and ideas with precision and flair. I am confident that I have the skills and dedication necessary to produce an essay that not only meets but exceeds your expectations.中文回答：作为一名经验丰富的作家，我对于创作引人入胜的故事有着独特的技巧。
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《高级英语写作(一)、（二）》教学大纲李立编写英语专业课程教学大纲252 目录前言 (253)一、概述 (253)二、课程教学目的和基本要求 (253)三、课程主要内容及课时分配 (253)四、相关教学环节 (254)五、使用教材 (254)Chapter I Introduction to Advanced English Writing (255)Chapter II Planning an Essay (257)Chapter III Description (261)Chapter IV Narration (264)Chapter V Argumentation (269)Chapter VI Illustration (272)Chapter VII Definition (276)Chapter VIII Classification (279)Chapter IX Contrast and Comparison (283)Chapter X Understanding Cause and Effect Analysis (286)Chapter XI Process Analysis (290)Chapter XII Writing Letters (294)Chapter XIII Writing a Resume and a Cover Letter (298)Chapter XIV Writing Memos (301)参考书目 (304)高级英语写作(一)、（二）前言一、概述《高级英语写作教程》(A Course for Advanced English Writing)是为外国语学院英语专业本科生第4、5学期开设的一门专业必修课。
在我国日益融入全球化进程的今天，英语书面交际能力在对外交流中占据着越来越重要的地位。
这种重要性表现在对书面交际的需求日益增加、对写作能力的要求日益提高两个方面。
高层次的书面交流，不仅要求使用语法正确、句子通顺、结构完整的英语表达思想，更重要的是要从中西文化差异、思维方式差异和表达习惯差异的角度出发，学会针对不同对象和目标，运用不同的语言达到交际和沟通的目的。
《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》对本科生大三、大四的英语写作能力提出了明确而量化的要求。
与此同时，近年英语专业八级统测的作文题目越来越向测试学生使用英语表达创造性思维的方向发展。
全球化发展大环境的需求和《教学大纲》对英语写作提出的新要求，从两个不同侧面为高级英语写作教学指明了方向。
英语专业高级写作教学的基本任务和目标，应该是帮助学生了解中西方思维、表达方式的差异，学会使用西方人更习惯因而更容易接受的方式表达思想，成功而又创造性地进行书面交流。
本课程大纲就是在这样的方针指导下编写完成的。
二、课程教学目的和基本要求本课程旨在使学生1）用英语连贯性地表达思想，2）了解不同体裁的英语写作，掌握不同体裁的结构特点及写作风格，以及3）了解并练习英语实用文体写作。
本课程要求学生完成以下三个方面并以此综合评分：（1）上课出勤及课堂讨论（30%）；（2）作业（40%）和（3）期末考试（30%）.三、课程主要内容及课时分配本课程分两大部分。
第一部分包括描写文、叙述文、论说文等各种不同体裁的写作。
每讲分两部分。
第一部分详细解释该体裁的结构特点和写作策略等。
第二部分是范文选读，通过阅读该体裁的名家佳作数篇，使学生了解不同体裁的写作风格，最后布置适量的练习。
253英语专业课程教学大纲254 第二部分是实用性写作，包括书信(私人信件和商务信件)、简历和应聘信以及备忘录等写作，这些都是学习英语写作的学生应掌握的写作技巧。
课程安排：本课程以每周一次(2课时)计，每学期36学时，包括2学时期中考试及16学时作业讲评。
共上两个学期。
四、相关教学环节本课程以任务教学法的方式分别训练学生的语言技能、不同体裁文章、实用交际文种等的写作基本方法，并紧扣《教学大纲》对专业六级和八级的写作要求，分不同步骤训练学生撰写各种正式文种，提高学生使用英语的能力，为写好毕业论文奠定坚实的基础。
本课程应该注意两个重点。
一是教材内容本身，特别要注重培养学生掌握符合英语习惯的篇章结构和表达方式；二是对学生作文的课堂讲评。
学生在完成有针对性的写作任务后，教师要从篇章结构、逻辑思维、语言连贯、选词得当等方面进行课堂讲评，让学生了解怎样从宏观和微观两方面体现英语表达的习惯，提高书面交际的能力与效果。
另外，教师在讲授过程中还应当强调学生对课文的预习、要启发学生独立思考和判断的学习主动性。
教师的讲授主要在于分析和引导，帮助学生深化对文章的理解。
做练习的方法与步骤以学生课外完成、课堂讨论、教师归纳总结的方式进行。
五、使用教材丁往道、吴冰等主编，1994，《英语写作手册》，北京外语教学与研究出版社出版。
高级英语写作(一)、（二）255Chapter I Introduction to Advanced English WritingContents:1.1 Introduction to Advanced English Writing 1.2 Class discussion1.3 Group discussion1.4 AssignmentTime Allotment:Four teaching hours are allocated for this chapter.1.1 Introduction to Advanced English Writingz Course Description: This course will consist of two parts. Part One is intended as a review of the present writing skills, which students have already had. Part Two, as a supplement to and extension of composition courses, will introduce and describe different writing styles and practical writing.z Course Objectives: The aims of the course are: (1) to enable students to express themselves coherently in English; (2) to instruct and support students in producing different styles of writing; and (3) to teach and help students in practical writing.z Teaching Arrangements ：With 2 periods per week, this course is scheduled for 2 semesters. z Teaching Methods ：Much of the class time will be spent in lecturing sessions, discussions and workshops. Students will be given due instructions and guidance to the process of different styles of writingz Class sessions:Introduction to the Advanced English Writing ClassPlanning an EssayDescriptionNarrationArgumentationIllustrationDefinitionClassificationMid-term testComparison and ContrastUnderstanding Cause and EffectProcess of AnalysisWriting LettersWriting Resumes and Cover LettersWriting MemoPunctuationRevision英语专业课程教学大纲256 Course Requirements: Assessment will be based on (1) your regular participation in class lecturesand group discussions (30%); (2) Assignments (40%) and (3) Final exam (30%).Reference Books:丁往道、吴冰等，1994，《英语写作手册》，北京，外语教学与研究出版社。
1.2 Class discussionDiscuss the following topics in class:Why is writing so important?What is good writing?1.3. Group discussionWork in 4 or 5, discuss the following questions:When was the last time you wrote in English? How did it go? Were you happy with the result? What was the easy part? What was the more difficult part? What do you think makes good writing in English? What do you think are the differences between writing in Chinese and writing in English?Do you agree with the statement that writing abilities in Chinese and English can be mutually enhancing? Why (not)? Can they also work to your disadvantage? For example, your English writing may sound somewhat Chinese-ish or your Chinese writing may sound somewhat English-ish. How to overcome this?Are you confident that you will be able to reach your goal of significantly improving your English writing abilities? What are your strengths and what are your weaknesses? How to make the best use of your strengths and how to work to overcome your weaknesses?Do you want to join the debate whether it is possible or desirable for a non-native speaker to think in English directly? Have you ever dreamed in English? Has it ever happened to you that when you woke up in the morning you still remembered what you had said in English in the dream?1.4 AssignmentWrite a paper about 200 – 300 words about the differences between Chinese writing and western writing.Further Reading祁寿华，2001，《高级英语写作指南》，上海，上海外语教育出版社。