语言学题库3

Exercise Three

I. Definition

Directions: Define the following terms in English

1. antonymy

2. morphology

3. componential analysis

4. acronym

5. speech variety

II Blank filling

Directions: Fill in each blank in the following statements

1. Chomsky define s ________ as the ideal user‟s knowledge of the rules of his language, and performance the actual realization of this knowledge in linguistic communication.

2. In English, conjunctions, prepositions, articles and pronouns consist of relatively few words and have been referred to as being ________ since new words are not usually added to them.

3. A fundamental fact about words in all human languages is that they can be grouped together into

a relatively small number of classes, called ________.

4. While different words may have the same or similar meaning, the same one word may have more than one meaning. This is what we call ________.

5. ________, an important theory in the pragmatic study of language, was originated with the British philosopher John Austin in the late 50‟s of the 20th century.

6. In sociolinguistic studies three types of speech variety are of special interest: regional dialects, ________, and registers.

7. Psycholinguistics relates the study of language to ________.

8. ________ is a kind of linguicism which can be defined as the promulgation of global ideologies through the worldwide expansion of one language.

9. There are four maxims under Cooperation Principle: the maxim of quantity, the maxim of quality, the maxim of ________, and the maxim of manner.

10. Phrases that are formed of more than one word usually contain the following elements: head, ________ and complement.

III Multiple choice

Directions: There are four choices in each of the following statements. Choose the one that can best complete the statement.

1. Linguistics is the scientific study of __________.

A. a particular language

B. the English language

C. human languages in general

D. the system of a particular language

2. The consonant [f] in English can be correctly described as having the following phonetic features: __________.

A. voiceless, bilabial, stop

B. voiceless, labiodental, fricative

C. voiced, bilabial, stop

D. voiced, labiodental, fricative

3. There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix "ed" in the word "learned" is known

as a(n) __________.

A. derivational morpheme

B. free morpheme

C. inflectional morpheme

D. free form

4. Some Southern learners of English in China tend to say “night” as “light”. This shows: ______________________.

A. They cannot pronounce/n/

B. Interlangue interference because there is not the sound /n/in their mother tongue

C. The teachers do not have a good teaching method

D. They do not like to pronounce nasal sounds

5. "I bought some roses" __________ "I bought some flowers".

A. entails

B. presupposes

C. is inconsistent with

D. is synonymous with

6. Y's utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the maxim of __________.

X: Who was that you were with last night?

Y: Did you know that you were wearing odd socks?

A. quality

B. quantity

C. relation

D. manner

7. Changes in a language are changes in the grammar of the speakers of the language. This means that phonemes, __________, words and grammatical rules may be borrowed, added, lost or altered.

A. phrases

B. sentences

C. morphemes

D. utterances

8. In a speech community people have something in common __________a language or a particular variety of language and rules for using it.

A. socially

B. linguistically

C. culturally

D. pragmatically

9. Which of the major mental functions listed below is not under the control of the left hemisphere in most people? __________.

A. language and speech

B. visual and spatial skills

C. reading and writing

D. analytic reasoning

10. In general, the __________ stage begins roughly in the second half of the child's second year.

A. babbling

B. one-word

C. two-word

D. multiword

11. Which of the following statements about allophone is NOT correct?

A. Allophones are different forms of the same phoneme

B. Allophones of the same phoneme are in complementary distribution.

C. Allophones distinguish meaning.

D. Allophones are language specific.

12. Which of the following words is not a free morpheme?

A. able

B. pet

C. change

D. dusty

13. How many morphemes are there in the word “discharged”?

A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D. 5

14. Which of the following words is made up of bound morphemes only?

A. happiness

B. television

C. ecology

D. teacher

15. Language is passed on from one generation to the next by teaching and learning rather than by instinct. This property of language is called_____.

A. interchangeability

B. productivity

C. cultural transmission

D. arbitrariness

16. The famous quotation from Shakespeare‟s play Romeo and Juliet …A rose by any other name