北大综合英语课件(大英四)---综合教程U3-U7答案

UNIT3VocabularyI. 1. 1)generously2) physically3) structure4) partition5) blurted out6) chuckling7) pried8) prospective9) jet10) sparkled11) took a crack at12) partner13) made a (big) difference14) beyond his wildest dream.15) employment2. 1) go after2) look back on/at3) be put up4) count on5) was handed down6) follow up7) bring about8) broke into3. 1) Mary's parents grilled her about where she had been all night.2) In order to meet the deadline, we worked 48 hours without sleep and finally made it.3) The translation of the popular novel has just finished and a Chinese version will be inreaders' hands soon.4) As with anything else, it is important to do your homework before going on an interview.5) Jim's car broke down last week and the repair cost was in the neighborhood of 150dollars.4. 1) The director of the Urban Development Office will interview the two local applicants, aswell as the two other candidates recommended by the staff committee this afternoon, to pick out the prospective designer for the construction of the city square.2) In the endeavor to clean up the river before the deadline set for this important municipalproject, the project manager has tried every possible means to go after the best engineers for the work.3) Time is money, as the sa in oes. People in my age bracket often want to have a crack ateverything new, but they just cannot afford the time and energy.II. Words with Multiple Meanings1. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. (behave)2. Richard suggested I keep all my friends' addresses on my computer, as he does his. (used to avoid repetition)3. Elizabeth told her daughter that if she did the bathroom, the kitchen and the living room, she would get $10.00 every week. (clean)4. Since the Smiths' business is doing well, they are thinking of starting a similar type of business in Canada. (get along)5. If you are prepared, you can certainly do the job. (perform or complete <a job>)6. Knowing what you cannot do is more important than knowing what you can. (perform or complete <an action or a job>)7. When I asked John why he does philosophy interesting. (study)8. he said that he does it simply because he finds it A small piece of cake will do for me, thanks. (be enough)9. Leisure is a beautiful garment, but it will not do for constant wear. (be acceptable)III. Usage1. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where to begin. OK, I'll talk about myself first.2. Thank you very much, John, for your beautiful Christmas card. By the way, I have some-thing here for you.3. The new computer language can be quite easily understood by anyone who can read the daily newspaper. Now, why is this an advantage?4. I'm going to work out the outline and will let you know how it goes. By the way, I will see you in February, as I plan to attend your seminar in Shanghai.5. OK, you got the job. Now, how to maximize your profits with as little effort as possible?6. Chris has been back from Australia. Incidentally, those pictures you sent me are wonderfulStructure1. 1) As I see it / From my standpoint / In my opinion, the institution needs better management rather than more money.2) As I see it / From my standpoint / In my opinion, our schools have focused on tests to suchan extent that the students hardly have any time left to participate in creative activities.3) From my standpoint / As I see it / In my opinion, we can't judge people by appearance only,because clothes don't always reflect someone's personality.4) From my standpoint / As I see it / In my opinion, talent just comes from doing somethingoften enough.2. 1) Sleep is a never ending task that has to be done at least once every couple of days, if not every day.2) As I see it, pre-school children who are taught at home by their parents do at least as well as, if not better than, those educated at nursery schools.3) It is difficult, if not impossible, for most people to think otherwise than in the fashion of their own period.4) I have reasons to believe that most applicants, if not all of them, will have done their homework before the interview.Comprehensive exercisesI. Cloze(A)1. prospective2. interview3. As I see it4. done your homework5. endeavor6. structure7. take a crack8. from the standpoint9. employment10. deadline11. make a difference12. follow up(B)1. matter2. to3. not4. possible5. can6. interview7. ask8. copies9. If10. preparing11. what12. kinds13. take14. Prior15. whether16. fitII. TranslationWell begun is half done, as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment. From my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a difference in his chance of success.I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of I00 thousand dollars a year in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decisionmakers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn as much about his prospective employer as possible don't have much of a chance of success.UNIT4V ocabularyI. 1. 1) plural 2) debt3) thesis 4) inevitably5) historical 6) precedents7) constructive 8) destructive9) ethnic 10) combination11) stagnant 12) destiny13) discourage 14) from the perspective of15) in the (medical) sense2. 1) leave behind 2) show up3) go over 4) knock off5) Leave (them) alone 6) fading away7) took in 8) keep up with3. 1) Cooperation between nurse and patient is essential for infection in the hospital to be kept effectively under control.2) Chinese people in ancient times had a sense that their country was at the center of the world and so called it "the Middle Kingdom".3) A strong network of mentors, women and men, has helped me at various stages in my career.4) We need to have/develop a conception of ourselves in the universe not as the master species but as the servant species: as the one being given responsibility for the whole and for the good of the whole.5) We have cut the remark out of the program lest it should offend the listeners.4. 1) With the economy in decline, a negative, pessimistic mentality will continue to undervalue good and profitable companies, thus paralyzing the stock market.2) In his business style he bears many of the characteristics of an immigrant -- including a strong, sometimes ruthless, desire to succeed. Maybe that is why he has achieved such unbelievable success.3) Scholars of Confucianism are agreed that it is not so much a religion as a guide to a system of political organization, which emphasizes the values of cooperation with others and readiness to compromise and submerge one's own ideas in a broader and more popularly acceptable solution.II. Confusable Words1. like/as2. as3. like4. like/as5. as/like6. as7. like 8. asIII. UsageI Historically speaking, it was mountaineers from Britain who opened up the central part of the valley in the heyday of Victorian adventure.2. Scientifically speaking, the experiment is of great interest.3. Generally speaking, it will take about three weeks to build the model.4. Strictly speaking, no language is completely translatable into another.Structure1. 1) It is very useful knowing several foreign languages when you are traveling abroad.2) It is quite futile trying to reason with him -- he just won't listen.3) It is funny watching Granny ~dancing such a lively dance.4) It is nice working with her.2. 1) his determination to realize his ideals2) a desire to follow in his footsteps.3) reached a decision to walk back4) failure to properly educate its childrenComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A)1. on the decline2. historical3. for the first time4. mentality5. essential6. discouraged7. destiny 8. immigrants9. ethnic 10. combination(B) 1. born 2. about3. against4. because5. Only6. would7. then 8. not9. time 10. if11. come 12. ones13. raised/born 14. here15. so/therefore 16. both17. toII. TranslationProfessor Huntington's paper greatly inspired me. According to him, in a plural/pluralistic society, there will inevitably be different opinions. The key is to deal with them in such a way that they can play a constructive rather than destructive role.He argues that in a plural/pluralistic society we must stress/attach importance to interpersonal relationships, cooperation, and looking at issues from the perspective of other people.If some groups regard themselves as superior and treat other ethnic groups or religions with disrespect, the whole society may be paralyzed.I am convinced that if we put into practice the ideas mentioned above, then there is the possibility of creating a new civilization.UNIT5V ocabularyI. 1. 1) In a way 2) clapping3) elderly 4) in accordance with5) vacancy 6) funks7) current 8) in good condition9) transparent 10) rub11) spicy 12) hitherto13) committed 14) with (a) very bad grace15) instinct2. 1) turned up 2) stuck to3) brought back 4) settled down5) driving at 6) put (them) away7) touch on/upon 8) bear (me) out3. 1) She has a very weak constitution -- she may not be able to survive the operation.2) I was taken aback by the insurance company's rejection of my claim.3) It was something of a surprise when we ran into each other in a place like that.4) My hair needs trimming/to be trimmed-- it's getting too long.5) Appearances are often deceptive.4. 1) Mr. Smith used to be a successful retailer in our community. Oddly enough he went broke overnight some time ago. The other day when I saw him wandering on the street, I was greatly shocked to find his hair all white and his face wrinkled. I was sad to see that he had gone all to pieces.2) Marie gave me a definite reply via email; evidently she wouldn't be able to accept my invitation. I was a trifle disappointed.3) When he finished shaving, Sterling would look at himself in the mirror again, stroking his chin with his hand. Then he would sit on a sofa sipping a cup of coffee.II. Usage1. Except for2. except that3. except4. except when5. except to6. except what7. except where 8. except thatIII. American and British EnglishStructure1. 1) He'll accept the job unless the salary's too low.2) Unless she comes soon, I'm going without her.3) Milk quickly turns sour unless it's refrigerated.4) Unless we are told to stop, we will carry on selling the furniture.2. 1) If you happen to pass a baker's, pick me up a brown loaf.2) Fortunately it happened that no one was in the house at the time of the explosion.3) Peter happened to be speaking to me about his would-be mother-in-law./It happened that Peter was speaking to me about his would-be mother-in-law when she came in.4) She happened to be out./It happened that she was out when he called.Comprehensive exercisesI. Cloze(A)1. insane2. committed3. current4. was taken aback5. in good condition6. constitution7. go all to pieces 8. gone broke9. vacancy 10. mild11. funk 12. deceptive(B)1. range2. to3. called4. Although5. as6. rural7. below 8. understanding9. suffer 10. but11. other 12. it13. emotional 14. no15. from 16. into17. at 18. reduce19. basis 20. about/ofII. TranslationFor my own part, I should certainly hesitate to hire a clerk on his face/appearance alone. Appearances are all too often deceptive. For instance, you might well commit an error in judgment if you went by appearances only with people like Edward Hyde Burton, the character created by Maugham. As far as appearance and manners were concerned, Burton seemed a man all of a piece. He was a tiny little fellow with white hair and mild blue eyes. Kind, gentle and candid, he was described by many as one of the most respectable people on earth. Nevertheless, he turned out to be cruel to a friend in need of his help. He insulted and fooled Turner who was down and out and made him commit himself to an insane venture. What was still more surprising was that he was completely indifferent to Turner's death. Without doubt, Burton was a man with a heart of stone.UNIT6V ocabulary I.1. 1) appliance 2) comparative3) multiply 4) oblige5) prosperity 6) in reality7) aircraft 8) volunteers9) a handful of 10) distribution11) famine 12) large quantities of/a large quantity of13) widespread 14) streamline15) provoke2. 1) take back 2) cling to3) stand out/stood out 4) set aside5) set about 6) switch off7) amount to 8) poured in3. 1 ) The unemployment rate is forecast to be below average next year, which at the moment is 4percent.2) There seems to be some confusion over who is actually giving the talk as both men arespeaking to the audience.3) Efforts to enter the building and find the baby girl proved futile as rescuers were driven outby the heat and flames.4) The board was urged to divert some of its attention from controlling production and getmore involved with demand issues.5) Losing just one or two items of expensive clothing can really eat heavily into your profitswhen you are selling suits at ￡900 and dresses at ￡2,000.4. 1) After two days' discussion, industry leaders who took part in the forum concluded that themost common reason for a company to 'go international' was insufficient growth in the domestic market, mostly due to a shortage of financial back-up from the local government.2) There is an abundance of evidence showing that in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, inalmost every corner of Europe the area under the plough was expanding, villages were springing up, new lands were being colonized, and the frontiers of Europe were being pressed forwards and outwards.3) Has the ever-increasing pace of modern living gotten you down? Has the quest for moremoney and more excitement become a burden in your life? Surveys show that today a lot of Americans feel weary of being knocked backwards and sideways just because they are always on the go/seem forever on the go. In their crazy search for fulfillment, they've gotten themselves into situations in which they are not able to cope.II. Confusable Words1. 1) nervousness 2) tension3) stress, stress/tension 4) tension2. 1) honorary 2) Honorable3) honorable 4) honorary5) honorable 6) honoraryIII. Usage1) Dealing with the extinction crisis is no simple matter. Is it sensible, we may ask, to spendlarge sums of money to save some species -- be it an elephant or an orchid -- in a nation in which a large proportion of the population is living below the poverty line?2) This new technology could be used anywhere large numbers of people need to be quicklyscreened -- at airports, train stations, bus terminals or border crossings. However, experts suspect, there is also the risk that people will learn to fool the machine the same way they try to fool polygraph (测谎器) readings by controlling their breath or taking drugs to relaxthemselves.3) With a high percentage of marriages ending in divorce, often due to financial difficulties,you would say that money is a big factor in making a good marriage. But, believe it or not, it isn't money that ensures you a happy marriage; it is your philosophy of life that does.4) Not all the risks on the Internet are sexual, you know. Sites promoting violence are just aclick away, and may include instructions for making bombs and other destructive devices.Structure1. 1) Philosophical essays and translations apart, Mr. Sinclair's early literary production alsocovered poetry and short stories.2) Interest in computer science apart, Michael has an enduring love of the arts, especiallymusic and painting.3) Handsome reward apart, the work can be thoroughly enjoyable and rewarding in its ownright.4) Good looks apart, there is a quality about her that makes her stand out from all the othergirls in the class.2. 1) What I am convinced of is that the world's population will grow to an unforeseen extent.2) The service that we can provide for our customers is what we really care about and our staffmake every effort to maintain as high standards as possible.3) He may have traveled all over the world, yet what most often emerges in his dreams are notthe mountains he has climbed nor the oceans he has crossed, but the narrow, winding lanes he used to pass through and the rivers he used to catch frogs in as a child.4) The billionaire said in a recent TV interview that money is not like eggs he could hatchchickens from. Money is just something he would hold onto for a little while and pass on to someone who needs it more than he does.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A)1. switch off2. obliged3. on the go4. stress5. cope6. shortage7. widespread 8. large quantity of9. pouring in 10. a handful of11. fraction 12. futile(B)1) to 2) else's3) in 4) because5) where 6) how7) among 8) everything/all/what9) That 10) schedule/allot11) sticking 12) where/what13) once / when 14) doesn't15) the 16) in/under17) all/what 18) effectivelyII. TranslationThere is no question that today we are under constant pressure to work longer hours, to produce more, to possess more, and to become a success. Workaholism, a modem addiction, has thus arisen. The cause of workaholism is the perception that by working longer hours and completing more projects, we will enhance our self-worth.Many women today feel the same stress to produce and get ahead and, at the same time, to nurture their offspring and shoulder a variety of domestic responsibilities. Research shows that workaholism tends to distance us from our immediate families. It forces us to labor longer and longer hours, leaving a minute fraction of time to be physically and emotionally available to our loved ones. Intimacy among family members is doomed to die in the process.UNIT7V ocabularyI. 1. 1) faxed 2) boom3) jogs 4) contending5) span 6) hiking7) pertinent 8) adolescents9) tags 10) weaves11) all of a sudden 12) statistical13) string 14) disapproving15) recurs2. 1) had backed up 2) went off3) is held up 4) settle for5) be laid up 6) strike out7) reflect on 8) applied for3. 1) The infant mortality rate is very high in the poorest areas of Africa.2) Why pay a repairman when we can fix it by ourselves for nothing?3) It was unusual that John was among the few who arrived early at yesterday's party, forwhich he was praised by the hostess.4) These old houses need a lot of maintenance whatever the cost.5) Looking out of the window we found the lake (was) enveloped in thick fog.4. 1) He pondered for a few moments before he made up his mind to fax Bill the statisticalevidence that could be used to back up his argument.2) It takes much imagination to realize how these ordinary working women skillfully weavesuch beautiful and unusual patterns in fabrics.3) I recently got a thorough maintenance check on my new Buick for nothing from the cardealer from whom I bought it about half a year ago.II. Collocation1. a little of2. a few / a few of the; most of/many of3. much4. few5. many6. many of/most of7. much of 8. littleIII. Usage1. All I did was fax her the paper so as to let her decide what to do.2. What you need to do is write a follow-up letter after the interview to indicate your eagerness to join the company.3. "All you ever want to do is go shopping," Tim shouted at his wife.4. All I did was touch the window, and it broke.5. What the publisher did was cash in on the chance to promote his new textbooks.6. What we'll do is leave a note for Bob to tell him we'll be back in time for the dinner party. Structure1. 1) "You seem to like smoking a pipe, don't you? Did you use to like it before?" asked Phil.2) Life here is much easier than it used to be.3) We used to be able to walk around the town at night without fear of being mugged. But nowno one dares to go out after dark.4) You don't come and See us as you used to.2. 1) It seems they don't care whether the deal is profitable or not.2) She doesn't care who teaches so long as he/she teaches well.3) Don't fuss about it. No one cares how you dress.4) Most people don't seem to care when/where/how the conference will be held.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A)1. reflect on2. span3. fax4. imagination5. boom6. statistical7. back up 8. contends9. recurring 10. send in11. weave(B) 1. told 2. of3. What4. on5. think6. But7. When 8. also9. declares i0. itself11. what 12. will13. not 14. What15. war 16. cannot17. every 18. But19. ways 20. thanII. TranslationA severe earthquake occurred all of a sudden at 10a.m. yesterday in a rural area, about 200 kilometers east of the city. Initial reports coming out of the region indicate the earthquake has caused widespread devastation/damage and heavy casualties. Many adolescents were among those injured or killed. Yet it remains obscure exactly how many people were hurt and killed as the entire area has been enveloped in rubble. However, one thing is certain: many of the survivors may face years of pain and suffering. Local people were clearly shaken by this reminder of their mortality. Some religious ones have gathered to pray that it will never recur.。