基于SWAT模型的三峡库区香溪河非点源氮磷负荷模拟

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第33卷第1期2013年1月

环境科学学报Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

Vol.33,No.1Jan.,2013

基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.51179095,50925932,51009080,51009081);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No.2009ZX07104-001,2009ZX07104-004)

Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51179095,50925932,51009080,51009081)and the Major Project for Chinese National Water Pollution Control and Treat (No.2009ZX07104-001,

2009ZX07104-004)作者简介:宋林旭(1980—),女,讲师,

E-mail :slx1980@yahoo.com.cn ;*通讯作者(责任作者),E-mail :Dfliu@ctgu.edu.cn Biography :SONG Linxu (1980—),female ,lecturer ,E-mail :slx1980@yahoo.com.cn ;*Corresponding author ,E-mail :Dfliu@ctgu.edu.cn

宋林旭,刘德富,肖尚斌,等.2013.基于SWAT 模型的三峡库区香溪河非点源氮磷负荷模拟[

J ].环境科学学报,33(1):267-275Song L X ,Liu D F ,Xiao S B ,et al .2013.Study on non-point nitrogen and phosphorus load from Xiangxi River in the Three Gorges Reservoir area based on SWAT [J ].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae ,

33(1):267-275基于SWAT 模型的三峡库区香溪河非点源氮磷负荷

模拟

宋林旭1,2,刘德富2,*,肖尚斌1,2,过寒超1,2,崔玉洁1,2,陈玲1,2

1.水利与环境学院,三峡大学,宜昌443002

2.三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心,三峡大学,宜昌443002收稿日期:2011-12-29

修回日期:2012-03-23

录用日期:2012-04-17

摘要:三峡水库蓄水后,水动力条件改变下营养盐的过量输入导致部分支流库湾水华现象及水体富营养化问题严重.本文以香溪河为研究示范区,基于GIS 平台建立流域下垫面空间数据库,以氮磷为研究对象,应用SWAT 模型对流域三大主要水系及涉及35个子流域进行2000—2009年径流、营养盐输出模拟研究,并对实测数据和模拟结果进行分析,结果表明:径流模拟结果校验阶段的效率系数0.65和0.86,确定系数是0.78和0.91,模拟效果较好,径流和营养盐负荷受降雨影响呈正相关关系,在丰水年和丰水季节较大,2000—2009年期间TN 和TP 年均负荷分别是2640.64和300.01t ,在2007年达到最大值,分别是3475.96和399.20t ,在2005年为最小值,分别是2036.72和226.44t ,

TN 和TP 负荷的贡献率高岚水系>古夫水系>南阳水系,支流TN 和TP 输出强度空间差异较大,空间分布差异系数分别是0.34和0.58,

TN 最大值和最小值是29.39kg

·hm -2·a -1和3.86kg ·hm -2·a -1,TP 最大值和最小值分别是4.90kg ·hm -2·a -1和0.54kg ·hm -2·a -1

.关键词:氮磷;香溪河;三峡库区;SWAT ;径流文章编号:0253-2468(2013)01-267-09中图分类号:X171

文献标识码:A

Study on non-point nitrogen and phosphorus load from Xiangxi River in the

Three Gorges Reservoir area based on SWAT

SONG Linxu 1,2,Liu Defu 2,*,XIAO Shangbin 1,2,GUO Hanchao 1,2,CUI Yujie 1,2,CHEN Ling 1,

2

1.Hydraulic and Environmental Engineer College ,Three Gorges University ,Yichang 443002

2.Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region ,Ministry of Education ,Three Gorges University ,Yichang 443002Received 29December 2011;

received in revised form 23March 2012;

accepted 17April 2012

Abstract :After impounding ,water blooms occurred in some branch bays of the Three Gorges Reservoir owing to the changed hydrodynamic conditions and excessive nutrients.The spatial database of the underlying surface of the Xiangxi River basin was established based on GIS ,and SWAT model was applied to simulate the runoff and nutrients loads derived from the three major distributaries watersheds and 35sub -basins during 2000—2009.The results of observed and simulated load output were analyzed.It was showed that efficiency coefficients of runoff in validating and calibrating stages were 0.653and 0.86,respectively ,and the decided coefficients were 0.78and 0.91,respectively.The runoff was positively correlated with the nutrient loads.The average TN and TP loads were 2640.64and 300.01t ,the minimum occurred in 2005were 2036.72and 226.44t ,and the maximum occurred in 2007were 3475.96and 399.2t ,respectively.The order of TN and TP loads from the distributaries watersheds was Gaolan >Gufu >Nanyang.The spatial

distribution of the TN and TP loads varied greatly ,with the maximum and minimum values of TN being 29.39and 3.86kg ·hm -2·a -1of TP being 4.90and 0.54kg ·hm -2·a -1.The spatial variation coefficients of TN and TP were 0.34and 0.58,respectively.

Keywords :nitrogen and phosphorus ;Xiangxi River ;the Three Gorges Reservoir ;SWAT ;runoff

1引言(Introduction )

三峡水库蓄水后,库区水环境问题备受关注

(黄真理,2006;许书军,2003;许其功,2007).库区

干流水质没有明显的恶化趋势,水体理化指标基本保持稳定,但部分支流富营养化问题严重,频繁爆

DOI:10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2013.01.038

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