数字集成电路chapter1 introduction

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Introduction
TTLECLI2L PMOSNMOSCMOSBiCMOS
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1.2 Issues in Digital IC Design Moore’s Law
First transistor Bell Labs, 1948
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The First Integrated Circuits
Bipolar logic 1960’s
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ECL 3-input Gate Motorola 1966
In 1965, Gordon Moore noted that the number of transistors on a chip doubled every 18 to 24 months. He made a prediction that semiconductor technology will double its effectiveness every 18 months
LOG2 OF THE NUMBER OF COMPONENTS PER INTEGRATED FUNCTION
1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975
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Introduction
Why is designing digital ICs different today than it was before?
Will it change in future?
What will you learn?
Understanding, designing, and optimizing digital circuits with respect to different quality metrics: cost, speed, power dissipation, and reliability
What is this book all about?
Introduction to digital integrated circuits.
CMOS devices and manufacturing technology. CMOS inverters and gates. Propagation delay, noise margins, and power dissipation. Sequential circuits. Arithmetic, interconnect, and memories. Programmable logic arrays. Design methodologies.
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ENIAC - The first electronic computer (1946)
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The Transistor Revolution
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Evolution in Complexity
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Digital Integrated Circuits
Introduction: Issues in digital design The CMOS inverter Combinational logic structures Sequential logic gates Design methodologies Interconnect: R, L and C Timing Arithmetic building blocks Memories and array structures
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Intel 4004 Micro-Processor
1971 1000 transistors 1 MHz operation
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Intel Pentium (IV) microprocessor
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1.1 A Historical Perspective
The First Computer
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The Babbage Difference Engine (1832) 25,000 parts cost: ? 7,470
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Moore’s Law
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9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Electronics, April 19, 1965.
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Digital Integrated Circuits
A Design Perspective
Jan M. Rabaey Anantha Chandrakasan Borivoje Nikolic
Introduction
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Introduction