小学英语知识点总结：一般过去时态

小学英语知识点总结：一般过去时态

一、概念

表示在的过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间

的词或词组。如：yesterday，yesterday morning，yesterday afternoon，yesterday evening，the day before yesterday（前天），last night，last week，last month，last year，a moment ago（刚才），just now（刚才），two days ago，a week ago，in 1990等。如：I went to bed at eleven last night. 昨晚我11：00睡觉。

二、动词过去式的构成规律

(一)规则动词的过去式

1、一般情况下，在动词原形后面加-ed；如：look→looked play→played；

2、以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-d；如：live→lived use→used；

3、以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词，先将y 改为i ,再加–ed；如：study→studied, tr y→tried fly→flied

4、以重读闭音节（即辅音＋元音＋辅音）或r音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动

词，要先双写这个辅音字母后，再加–ed。如：stop→stopped plan→planned；

(二)不规则动词的过去式（后附不规则动词变化表）

1、改变动词中的元音；

begin→began drink→drank come→came eat→ate grow→grew run→ran know→knew win→won speak→spoke take→took write→wrote get→go t

2、变词尾的–d 为–t ；build→built lend→lent send→sent spend→spent bend→bent

3、与动词原形一样；cut→cut put→put cost→cost hurt→hurt shut→shut

4、变-ay 为-aid (少数动词)；say→said pay→paid lay→laid

5、采用不同词根；sell→sold teach→taught buy→bought

6、其他。如：am/is→was are→were have/has→had do→did

三、句式变化

（一）一般过去时的一般疑问句

1、把was, were放在句首，其余位置不变。由Was…？引导的一般疑问句，肯定答为：Yes，… was. 否定回答为：No，…. wasn’t. 由Were…？引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答为：Yes，…were. 否定回答为：No，… weren’t. 如：

（1）I was born in Shanghai. →Were you born in Shanghai?

→Yes, I was. (肯定回答) →No, I wasn’t. (否定回答)

（2）They were in Li Yan’s home last night.

→Were they in Li Yan’s home last night?

→Yes, they were. (肯定回答) →No, they weren’t. (否定回答)

2、在行为动词的句子中，要用助动词词did来引导，其余的语序不变。要注意的是，

要把行为动词的过去式改为原形。肯定回答为：Yes, …did. 否定回答：No, …didn’t. 如：John played computer games last night.

→Did John play computer games last night?

→Yes, he did. (肯定回答) →No, he didn’t. (否定回答)

（二）一般过去时的否定句

1、在表示过去存在的状态的句子中，相接在was, were的后面加上not。

如：（1）He was in the park the day before yesterday. →He was not in the park the day before yesterday.

(2)We were busy last week. →We were not busy last week.

2、在表示过去的时间发生的动作的句子中，要在行为动词的前面加助动词didn’t.然后把过去式的行为动词改为动词原形。即：didn’t + 动词原形。如：

（1）She played the violin last night. →She didn’t play the violin last night.

(2) They swam in the lake yesterday. →They didn’t swim in the lake yesterday.

(三) 一般过去式的特殊疑问句

1.What did …?（主要是询问过去发生了什么事情，注意要把过去式改为动词原形。）

We ate Chinese food last night. →What did we eat last night?

2.Where did ?( 主要是询问过去事情发生的地方。)

They sang and dance in the music room yesterday morning.

→Where did they sing and dance yesterday morning?

3.Who + 动词过去式…?( 主要是询问过去事情发生的人物。)

Mike and Tom climbed mountains last weekend.

→Who climbed mountains last weekend?

四、句子结构

1、在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子，系动词用过式was，were构成。如：

（1）I was at home yesterday.昨天我在家。（2）We were in the gym just now. 刚才我们在体育馆。

2、在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，用动词的过去式构成。如：

I visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。

3．各种句式

（1）一般过去时的肯定陈述句：

主语＋动词过去式＋宾语或表语。

He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.