知识本体技术及其应用
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Ontology – explicit formal specifications of the terms in the domain and relations among them. An ontology contains a hierarchy of concepts within a domain and describes each concept’s property through an attribute-value mechanism. Relations between concepts describe additional logical sentence.
19
氣象
Relation Association 天文
Ontology Example
氣象報導 氣象百科 ...... 寒流 颱風 ...... 降雨
中央氣象局/氣象局 型態：預報人員、 天氣圖 表示、警告、評估 颱風 編號:***(Neu)號 中心位置： :***(Nc)(Ncd)(Neu)( Nf) 強度:輕度颱風 型態:暴風圈 來襲、形成、登陸 氣壓 型態:副熱帶高氣 壓、熱帶性 低氣壓 增強為、逼近
15
Ontology
Ontology
A Revolution for Information Access and Integration. An ontology is a formal, explicit specification of a shared conceptualization.
Key Functions
Publish Find Bound
Find Bind
Service Requester
6
Mobile Web Service for CREDIT Center
Dynamic Request/ Rule Setting Personalized Service Classification Service
10
Semantic Web
Simplicity of HTTP and HTML has caused bottlenecks that hinder searching, extracting, maintaining, and generating information. Readable to human machine Knowledgeable usage of webs Efficiency in handling web data understandable.
11
Semantic Web
Needs of service automation:
browsing by users to retrieve information automatically cooperating by webs to provide services. (hand written HTML pages machine generated HTML pages semantic web)
12
Layers of Semantic Web
Unicode + URI (foundation) layer XML (syntactic interoperability) layer RDF + Schema (data interoperability) layer Ontology (data inter-conversion) layer Logic (interoperability) layer
23
Ontology Learning Process
Knowledge Management System
Internet/Intranet News/Documents Enterprise Networking Resource
8
Examples of Web Services
Business process externalization: business linkages at the workflow level, net marketplace, extended supply chains. E-government E-learning Digital library
Service Net
Examples of Web Services
Business information with rich content: weather reports, credit check, news feeds, stock quotes, airline schedules, auctions Transactional web services for B2B or B2C: airline reservations, supply chain management, rental car agreements, purchase order.
13
RDF and RDF Schema
Basically, RDF is based on O-A-V representation scheme. RDF does not provide mechanisms for defining the relationships between properties (attributes) and resources. RDFS offers primitives for defining knowledge models that are closer to frame-based approaches. Protégé, Mozilla, Amaya, etc. adopt RDF(s).
降雨 降雨量***(Neu)公釐 累積雨量***(Neu)公 釐 種類:大雨、陣雨、 大雷雨、豪雨 、豪大雨 型態：雨量、打雷 發生、襲擊、增加
災害
......
提醒
發佈、 表示
導致、造成 、帶來
造成
型態:水災、旱象、 土石流、山崩 、洪水、房屋 倒塌、河水暴 漲、落石、雷 擊、霜害 來襲、形成、登陸
Conceptualization Explicit Formal
17
Ontology
The main application areas of ontology technology
Knowledge management Web commerce Electronic business
18
What is an Ontology?
21
Reasons to Develop Ontologies
To share common understanding of the structure of information among people or software agents. To enable reuse of domain knowledge. To make domain assumptions explicit. To analyze domain knowledge.
4
WWW vs. Web Service
Web service supports dynamic interaction
Reader
Human
Machine
Language
HTML
XML
Protocol
HTTP
SOAPBaidu Nhomakorabea
5
The Elements of a Web Service
Key Players
14
Language Stack in Semantic Web
OWL DAML-S DAML-R DAML+OIL
DAML-Ont
OIL
DC RDF(S) XOL Topic Maps SMIL HTM L Unicode RDF
PICS
XML+Name Space+XML Schema URI
9
Web Service Mechanism
搜尋Web Service UDDI 註冊Web Service 取得Web Service資訊 Service Requester WSDL 描述Web Service 實際傳遞需求訊息 SOAP 傳遞回應訊息 Service Provider
UDDI : Universal Description Discovery and Integration WSDL: Web Service Description Language SOAP : Simple Object Access Protocol
UDDI Registry
Workflow Service
CREDIT KM System
Intelligent Mobile Delivery Service Service Portal/ Engine Service Provider
On-line Tracking Service
回應 (SOAP) 搜尋 (UDDI) 註冊 (WSDL)
22
Develop an Ontology
Developing an ontology includes:
Determine the domain and scope of the ontology. Consider reusing existing ontologies. Enumerate important terms in the ontology. Define classes in the ontology and arrange the classes in a taxonomic (subclass-superclass) hierarchy. Define attribute and describe allowed values for these attribute. Fill in the values for attribute for instance.
移動方向 方向:東方、南方 西北方、東 南方 移動、靠近、前進
Characteristics of Ontology
Formal Semantics Consensus of terms Machine readable and processable Model of real world Domain specific
知識本體技術及其應用
國立臺南大學 資訊工程學系副教授兼電算中心主任 李健興
Outline
Semantic Web Ontology Knowledge Management System Some Applications Conclusion
2
Semantic Web
Web Service
A model for creating dynamic distributed applications with common interfaces for efficient communication across the Internet. Self-describing, self-contained, modular applications that can be mixed and matched with other Web services to create innovative products, processes, and value chains.
民眾/人民 型態:人數 注意、受困
發生 向、往 帶來、引進 影響
氣流 型態:西南氣流、 冷氣流 接近、影響、流動 農林漁牧業 型態:漁港、農田 、農作物、 魚貨量 避風、休耕 時間 型態:最近、昨日、 今日、白天、 午後 根據、開始
導致
地區 區域:山區、平地、 台灣、中部、 東半部 各縣市：台北市、台 南縣 海域:東海、南海 海岸:西海岸、沙岸 呈現、滯留、徘徊
The Service Provider The Service Requester The Service Registry
Service Register Publish
Web Service Web Service Web Service
Service Provider Service Provider
19
氣象
Relation Association 天文
Ontology Example
氣象報導 氣象百科 ...... 寒流 颱風 ...... 降雨
中央氣象局/氣象局 型態：預報人員、 天氣圖 表示、警告、評估 颱風 編號:***(Neu)號 中心位置： :***(Nc)(Ncd)(Neu)( Nf) 強度:輕度颱風 型態:暴風圈 來襲、形成、登陸 氣壓 型態:副熱帶高氣 壓、熱帶性 低氣壓 增強為、逼近
15
Ontology
Ontology
A Revolution for Information Access and Integration. An ontology is a formal, explicit specification of a shared conceptualization.
Key Functions
Publish Find Bound
Find Bind
Service Requester
6
Mobile Web Service for CREDIT Center
Dynamic Request/ Rule Setting Personalized Service Classification Service
10
Semantic Web
Simplicity of HTTP and HTML has caused bottlenecks that hinder searching, extracting, maintaining, and generating information. Readable to human machine Knowledgeable usage of webs Efficiency in handling web data understandable.
11
Semantic Web
Needs of service automation:
browsing by users to retrieve information automatically cooperating by webs to provide services. (hand written HTML pages machine generated HTML pages semantic web)
12
Layers of Semantic Web
Unicode + URI (foundation) layer XML (syntactic interoperability) layer RDF + Schema (data interoperability) layer Ontology (data inter-conversion) layer Logic (interoperability) layer
23
Ontology Learning Process
Knowledge Management System
Internet/Intranet News/Documents Enterprise Networking Resource
8
Examples of Web Services
Business process externalization: business linkages at the workflow level, net marketplace, extended supply chains. E-government E-learning Digital library
Service Net
Examples of Web Services
Business information with rich content: weather reports, credit check, news feeds, stock quotes, airline schedules, auctions Transactional web services for B2B or B2C: airline reservations, supply chain management, rental car agreements, purchase order.
13
RDF and RDF Schema
Basically, RDF is based on O-A-V representation scheme. RDF does not provide mechanisms for defining the relationships between properties (attributes) and resources. RDFS offers primitives for defining knowledge models that are closer to frame-based approaches. Protégé, Mozilla, Amaya, etc. adopt RDF(s).
降雨 降雨量***(Neu)公釐 累積雨量***(Neu)公 釐 種類:大雨、陣雨、 大雷雨、豪雨 、豪大雨 型態：雨量、打雷 發生、襲擊、增加
災害
......
提醒
發佈、 表示
導致、造成 、帶來
造成
型態:水災、旱象、 土石流、山崩 、洪水、房屋 倒塌、河水暴 漲、落石、雷 擊、霜害 來襲、形成、登陸
Conceptualization Explicit Formal
17
Ontology
The main application areas of ontology technology
Knowledge management Web commerce Electronic business
18
What is an Ontology?
21
Reasons to Develop Ontologies
To share common understanding of the structure of information among people or software agents. To enable reuse of domain knowledge. To make domain assumptions explicit. To analyze domain knowledge.
4
WWW vs. Web Service
Web service supports dynamic interaction
Reader
Human
Machine
Language
HTML
XML
Protocol
HTTP
SOAPBaidu Nhomakorabea
5
The Elements of a Web Service
Key Players
14
Language Stack in Semantic Web
OWL DAML-S DAML-R DAML+OIL
DAML-Ont
OIL
DC RDF(S) XOL Topic Maps SMIL HTM L Unicode RDF
PICS
XML+Name Space+XML Schema URI
9
Web Service Mechanism
搜尋Web Service UDDI 註冊Web Service 取得Web Service資訊 Service Requester WSDL 描述Web Service 實際傳遞需求訊息 SOAP 傳遞回應訊息 Service Provider
UDDI : Universal Description Discovery and Integration WSDL: Web Service Description Language SOAP : Simple Object Access Protocol
UDDI Registry
Workflow Service
CREDIT KM System
Intelligent Mobile Delivery Service Service Portal/ Engine Service Provider
On-line Tracking Service
回應 (SOAP) 搜尋 (UDDI) 註冊 (WSDL)
22
Develop an Ontology
Developing an ontology includes:
Determine the domain and scope of the ontology. Consider reusing existing ontologies. Enumerate important terms in the ontology. Define classes in the ontology and arrange the classes in a taxonomic (subclass-superclass) hierarchy. Define attribute and describe allowed values for these attribute. Fill in the values for attribute for instance.
移動方向 方向:東方、南方 西北方、東 南方 移動、靠近、前進
Characteristics of Ontology
Formal Semantics Consensus of terms Machine readable and processable Model of real world Domain specific
知識本體技術及其應用
國立臺南大學 資訊工程學系副教授兼電算中心主任 李健興
Outline
Semantic Web Ontology Knowledge Management System Some Applications Conclusion
2
Semantic Web
Web Service
A model for creating dynamic distributed applications with common interfaces for efficient communication across the Internet. Self-describing, self-contained, modular applications that can be mixed and matched with other Web services to create innovative products, processes, and value chains.
民眾/人民 型態:人數 注意、受困
發生 向、往 帶來、引進 影響
氣流 型態:西南氣流、 冷氣流 接近、影響、流動 農林漁牧業 型態:漁港、農田 、農作物、 魚貨量 避風、休耕 時間 型態:最近、昨日、 今日、白天、 午後 根據、開始
導致
地區 區域:山區、平地、 台灣、中部、 東半部 各縣市：台北市、台 南縣 海域:東海、南海 海岸:西海岸、沙岸 呈現、滯留、徘徊
The Service Provider The Service Requester The Service Registry
Service Register Publish
Web Service Web Service Web Service
Service Provider Service Provider