必修一第1课课时作业

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高中数学人教版A版必修一课时作业及解析:第一章1-2函数及其表示

高中数学人教版A版必修一课时作业及解析:第一章1-2函数及其表示

高中数学人教版A版必修一第一章集合与函数概念§1.2函数及其表示1.2.1 函数的概念课时目标 1.理解函数的概念,明确函数的三要素.2.能正确使用区间表示数集,表示简单函数的定义域、值域.3.会求一些简单函数的定义域、值域.1.函数(1)设A、B是非空的数集,如果按照某种确定的__________,使对于集合A中的____________,在集合B中都有________________和它对应,那么就称f:________为从集合A到集合B的一个函数,记作__________________.其中x 叫做________,x的取值范围A叫做函数的________,与x的值相对应的y值叫做________,函数值的集合{f(x)|x∈A}叫做函数的________.(2)值域是集合B的________.2.区间(1)设a,b是两个实数,且a<b,规定:①满足不等式__________的实数x的集合叫做闭区间,表示为________;②满足不等式__________的实数x的集合叫做开区间,表示为________;③满足不等式________或________的实数x的集合叫做半开半闭区间,分别表示为______________.(2)实数集R可以用区间表示为__________,“∞”读作“无穷大”,“+∞”读作“__________”,“-∞”读作“________”.我们把满足x≥a,x>a,x≤b,x<b的实数x的集合分别表示为________,________,________,______.一、选择题1.对于函数y=f(x),以下说法正确的有()①y 是x 的函数②对于不同的x ,y 的值也不同③f (a )表示当x =a 时函数f (x )的值,是一个常量 ④f (x )一定可以用一个具体的式子表示出来 A .1个B .2个 C .3个D .4个2.设集合M ={x |0≤x ≤2},N ={y |0≤y ≤2},那么下面的4个图形中,能表示集合M 到集合N 的函数关系的有( )A .①②③④B .①②③C .②③D .②3.下列各组函数中,表示同一个函数的是( ) A .y =x -1和y =x 2-1x +1B .y =x 0和y =1C .f (x )=x 2和g (x )=(x +1)2D .f (x )=(x )2x 和g (x )=x(x )24.若一系列函数的解析式相同,值域相同,但定义域不同,则称这些函数为“孪生函数”,那么函数解析式为y =2x 2-1,值域为{1,7}的“孪生函数”共有( )A .10个B .9个C .8个D .4个 5.函数y =1-x +x 的定义域为( )A .{x |x ≤1}B .{x |x ≥0}C .{x |x ≥1或x ≤0}D .{x |0≤x ≤1} 6.函数y =x +1的值域为( ) A .[-1,+∞) B .[0,+∞) C .(-∞,0] D .(-∞,-1]二、填空题7.已知两个函数f (x )和g (x )的定义域和值域都是{1,2,3},其定义如下表:8.如果函数f (x )满足:对任意实数a ,b 都有f (a +b )=f (a )f (b ),且f (1)=1,则f (2)f (1)+f (3)f (2)+f (4)f (3)+f (5)f (4)+…+f (2011)f (2010)=________. 9.已知函数f (x )=2x -3,x ∈{x ∈N |1≤x ≤5},则函数f (x )的值域为______________.10.若函数f (x )的定义域是[0,1],则函数f (2x )+f (x +23)的定义域为________. 三、解答题11.已知函数f (1-x1+x )=x ,求f (2)的值.能力提升12.如图,该曲线表示一人骑自行车离家的距离与时间的关系.骑车者9时离开家,15时回家.根据这个曲线图,请你回答下列问题:(1)最初到达离家最远的地方是什么时间?离家多远?(2)何时开始第一次休息?休息多长时间?(3)第一次休息时,离家多远?(4)11∶00到12∶00他骑了多少千米?(5)他在9∶00~10∶00和10∶00~10∶30的平均速度分别是多少?(6)他在哪段时间里停止前进并休息用午餐?13.如图,某灌溉渠的横断面是等腰梯形,底宽为2m,渠深为1.8m,斜坡的倾斜角是45°.(临界状态不考虑)(1)试将横断面中水的面积A(m2)表示成水深h(m)的函数;(2)确定函数的定义域和值域;(3)画出函数的图象.1.函数的判定判定一个对应关系是否为函数,关键是看对于数集A 中的任一个值,按照对应关系所对应数集B 中的值是否唯一确定,如果唯一确定,就是一个函数,否则就不是一个函数.2.由函数式求函数值,及由函数值求x ,只要认清楚对应关系,然后对号入座就可以解决问题.3.求函数定义域的原则:①当f (x )以表格形式给出时,其定义域指表格中的x 的集合;②当f (x )以图象形式给出时,由图象范围决定;③当f (x )以解析式给出时,其定义域由使解析式有意义的x 的集合构成;④在实际问题中,函数的定义域由实际问题的意义确定.§1.2 函数及其表示 1.2.1 函数的概念知识梳理1.(1)对应关系f 任意一个数x 唯一确定的数f (x ) A →B y =f (x ),x ∈A 自变量 定义域 函数值 值域 (2)子集2.(1)①a ≤x ≤b [a ,b ] ②a <x <b (a ,b ) ③a ≤x <b a <x ≤b [a ,b ),(a ,b ] (2)(-∞,+∞) 正无穷大 负无穷大 [a ,+∞) (a ,+∞) (-∞,b ] (-∞,b ) 作业设计1.B [①、③正确;②不对,如f (x )=x 2,当x =±1时y =1;④不对,f (x )不一定可以用一个具体的式子表示出来,如南极上空臭氧空洞的面积随时间的变化情况就不能用一个具体的式子来表示.]2.C [①的定义域不是集合M ;②能;③能;④与函数的定义矛盾.故选C.] 3.D [A 中的函数定义域不同;B 中y =x 0的x 不能取0;C 中两函数的对应关系不同,故选D.]4.B [由2x 2-1=1,2x 2-1=7得x 的值为1,-1,2,-2,定义域为两个元素的集合有4个,定义域为3个元素的集合有4个,定义域为4个元素的集合有1个,因此共有9个“孪生函数”.]5.D [由题意可知⎩⎨⎧1-x ≥0,x ≥0,解得0≤x ≤1.]6.B 7.3 2 1解析 g [f (1)]=g (2)=3,g [f (2)]=g (3)=2, g [f (3)]=g (1)=1. 8.2010解析 由f (a +b )=f (a )f (b ),令b =1,∵f (1)=1, ∴f (a +1)=f (a ),即f (a +1)f (a )=1,由a 是任意实数,所以当a 取1,2,3,…,2010时,得f (2)f (1)=f (3)f (2)=…=f (2011)f (2010)=1.故答案为2010. 9.{-1,1,3,5,7}解析 ∵x =1,2,3,4,5,∴f (x )=2x -3=-1,1,3,5,7. 10.[0,13]解析 由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧0≤2x ≤1,0≤x +23≤1,得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧0≤x ≤12,-23≤x ≤13,即x ∈[0,13].11.解 由1-x 1+x=2,解得x =-13,所以f (2)=-13.12.解 (1)最初到达离家最远的地方的时间是12时,离家30千米. (2)10∶30开始第一次休息,休息了半小时. (3)第一次休息时,离家17千米. (4)11∶00至12∶00他骑了13千米.(5)9∶00~10∶00的平均速度是10千米/时;10∶00~10∶30的平均速度是14千米/时.(6)从12时到13时停止前进,并休息用午餐较为符合实际情形.13.解 (1)由已知,横断面为等腰梯形,下底为2m ,上底为(2+2h )m ,高为h m ,∴水的面积A=[2+(2+2h)]h2=h2+2h(m2).(2)定义域为{h|0<h<1.8}.值域由二次函数A=h2+2h(0<h<1.8)求得.由函数A=h2+2h=(h+1)2-1的图象可知,在区间(0,1.8)上函数值随自变量的增大而增大,∴0<A<6.84.故值域为{A|0<A<6.84}.(3)由于A=(h+1)2-1,对称轴为直线h=-1,顶点坐标为(-1,-1),且图象过(0,0)和(-2,0)两点,又考虑到0<h<1.8,∴A=h2+2h的图象仅是抛物线的一部分,如下图所示.1.2.2 函数的表示法 第1课时 函数的表示法课时目标 1.掌握函数的三种表示方法——解析法、图象法、列表法.2.在实际情境中,会根据不同的需要选择恰当方法表示函数.函数的三种表示法(1)解析法——用____________表示两个变量之间的对应关系; (2)图象法——用______表示两个变量之间的对应关系; (3)列表法——列出______来表示两个变量之间的对应关系.一、选择题1.一个面积为100cm 2的等腰梯形,上底长为x cm ,下底长为上底长的3倍,则把它的高y 表示成x 的函数为( ) A .y =50x (x >0) B .y =100x (x >0)C .y =50x (x >0)D .y =100x (x >0)2.一水池有2个进水口,1个出水口,进出水速度如图甲、乙所示.某天0点到6点,该水池的蓄水量如图丙所示.(至少打开一个水口)给出以下3个论断:①0点到3点只进水不出水;②3点到4点不进水只出水;③4点到6点不进水不出水.则正确论断的个数是( ) A .0B .1C .2D .33.如果f (1x )=x1-x,则当x ≠0时,f (x )等于( )A.1xB.1x -1C.11-xD.1x-1 4.已知f (x )=2x +3,g (x +2)=f (x ),则g (x )等于( )A .2x +1B .2x -1C .2x -3D .2x +75.若g (x )=1-2x ,f [g (x )]=1-x 2x 2,则f (12)的值为( ) A .1B .15C .4D .306.在函数y =|x |(x ∈[-1,1])的图象上有一点P (t ,|t |),此函数与x 轴、直线x =-1及x =t 围成图形(如图阴影部分)的面积为S ,则S 与t 的函数关系图可表示为( )二、填空题7.一个弹簧不挂物体时长12cm ,挂上物体后会伸长,伸长的长度与所挂物体的质量成正比例.如果挂上3kg 物体后弹簧总长是13.5cm ,则弹簧总长y (cm)与所挂物体质量x (kg)之间的函数关系式为________________________________________________________________________.8.已知函数y =f (x )满足f (x )=2f (1x )+x ,则f (x )的解析式为____________. 9.已知f (x )是一次函数,若f (f (x ))=4x +8,则f (x )的解析式为__________________.三、解答题10.已知二次函数f (x )满足f (0)=f (4),且f (x )=0的两根平方和为10,图象过(0,3)点,求f (x )的解析式.11.画出函数f (x )=-x 2+2x +3的图象,并根据图象回答下列问题: (1)比较f (0)、f (1)、f (3)的大小;(2)若x 1<x 2<1,比较f (x 1)与f (x 2)的大小; (3)求函数f (x )的值域.能力提升12.某学校要召开学生代表大会,规定各班每10人推选一名代表,当各班人数除以10的余数大于..6·时再增选一名代表.那么,各班可推选代表人数y 与该班人数x 之间的函数关系用取整函数y =[x ]([x ]表示不大于x 的最大整数)可以表示为( )A .y =[x10] B .y =[x +310]C .y =[x +410]D .y =[x +510]13.设f (x )是R 上的函数,且满足f (0)=1,并且对任意实数x ,y ,有f (x -y )=f (x )-y (2x -y +1),求f (x )的解析式.1.如何作函数的图象一般地,作函数图象主要有三步:列表、描点、连线.作图象时一般应先确定函数的定义域,再在定义域内化简函数解析式(可能有的要表示为分段函数),再列表描出图象,并在画图象的同时注意一些关键点,如与坐标轴的交点、分段函数的区间端点等. 2.如何求函数的解析式求函数的解析式的关键是理解对应关系f 的本质与特点(对应关系就是对自变量进行对应处理的操作方法,与用什么字母表示无关),应用适当的方法,注意有的函数要注明定义域.主要方法有:代入法、待定系数法、换元法、解方程组法(消元法).1.2.2 函数的表示法 第1课时 函数的表示法知识梳理(1)数学表达式 (2)图象 (3)表格 作业设计1.C [由x +3x2·y =100,得2xy =100.∴y =50x (x >0).]2.B [由题意可知在0点到3点这段时间,每小时进水量为2,即2个进水口同时进水且不出水,所以①正确;从丙图可知3点到4点水量减少了1,所以应该是有一个进水口进水,同时出水口也出水,故②错;当两个进水口同时进水,出水口也同时出水时,水量保持不变,也可由题干中的“至少打开一个水口”知③错.]3.B [令1x =t ,则x =1t ,代入f (1x )=x1-x,则有f (t )=1t 1-1t=1t -1,故选B.] 4.B [由已知得:g (x +2)=2x +3,令t =x +2,则x =t -2,代入g (x +2)=2x +3,则有g (t )=2(t -2)+3=2t -1,故选B.]5.B [令1-2x =12,则x =14,∴f (12)=1-(14)2(14)2=15.] 6.B [当t <0时,S =12-t 22,所以图象是开口向下的抛物线,顶点坐标是(0,12);当t >0时,S =12+t 22,开口是向上的抛物线,顶点坐标是(0,12).所以B 满足要求.]7.y =12x +12解析 设所求函数解析式为y =kx +12,把x =3,y =13.5代入,得13.5=3k+12,k =12.所以所求的函数解析式为y =12x +12.8.f (x )=-x 2+23x (x ≠0)解析 ∵f (x )=2f (1x )+x ,①∴将x 换成1x ,得f (1x )=2f (x )+1x .②由①②消去f (1x ),得f (x )=-23x -x3,即f (x )=-x 2+23x (x ≠0).9.f (x )=2x +83或f (x )=-2x -8 解析 设f (x )=ax +b (a ≠0), 则f (f (x ))=f (ax +b )=a 2x +ab +b .∴⎩⎨⎧a 2=4ab +b =8,解得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a =2b =83或⎩⎨⎧a =-2b =-8.10.解 设f (x )=ax 2+bx +c (a ≠0).由f (0)=f (4)知⎩⎨⎧f (0)=c ,f (4)=16a +4b +c ,f (0)=f (4),得4a +b =0.① 又图象过(0,3)点, 所以c =3.②设f (x )=0的两实根为x 1,x 2,则x 1+x 2=-b a ,x 1·x 2=ca . 所以x 21+x 22=(x 1+x 2)2-2x 1x 2=(-b a)2-2·c a=10.即b 2-2ac =10a 2.③由①②③得a =1,b =-4,c =3.所以f (x )=x 2-4x +3.11.解 因为函数f (x )=-x 2+2x +3的定义域为R ,列表:x … -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 … y … -5 0 3 4 3 0 -5 …连线,描点,得函数图象如图:(1)根据图象,容易发现f (0)=3,f (1)=4,f (3)=0, 所以f (3)<f (0)<f (1).(2)根据图象,容易发现当x 1<x 2<1时,有f (x 1)<f (x 2). (3)根据图象,可以看出函数的图象是以(1,4)为顶点,开口向下的抛物线,因此,函数的值域为(-∞,4].12.B [方法一 特殊取值法,若x =56,y =5,排除C 、D ,若x =57,y =6,排除A ,所以选B.方法二 设x =10m +α(0≤α≤9),0≤α≤6时, [x +310]=[m +α+310]=m =[x 10],当6<α≤9时,[x +310]=[m +α+310]=m +1=[x10]+1, 所以选B.]13.解 因为对任意实数x ,y ,有 f (x -y )=f (x )-y (2x -y +1), 所以令y =x ,有f (0)=f (x )-x (2x -x +1),即f (0)=f (x )-x (x +1).又f (0)=1, ∴f (x )=x (x +1)+1=x 2+x +1.第2课时分段函数及映射课时目标 1.了解分段函数的概念,会画分段函数的图象,并能解决相关问题.2.了解映射的概念.1.分段函数(1)分段函数就是在函数定义域内,对于自变量x的不同取值范围,有着不同的____________的函数.(2)分段函数是一个函数,其定义域、值域分别是各段函数的定义域、值域的______;各段函数的定义域的交集是空集.(3)作分段函数图象时,应_____________________________________.2.映射的概念设A、B是两个非空的集合,如果按某一个确定的对应关系f,使对于集合A 中的任意一个元素x,在集合B中____________确定的元素y与之对应,那么就称对应f:A→B为从集合A到集合B的__________.一、选择题1.已知,则f(3)为()A.2B.3C.4D.52.下列集合A到集合B的对应中,构成映射的是()3.一旅社有100间相同的客房,经过一段时间的经营实践,发现每间客房每天的定价与住房率有如下关系:A.100元B.90元C.80元D.60元4.已知函数,使函数值为5的x的值是()A.-2B.2或-5 2C.2或-2D.2或-2或-5 25.某单位为鼓励职工节约用水,作出了如下规定:每位职工每月用水不超过10立方米的,按每立方米m元收费;用水超过10立方米的,超过部分按每立方米2m元收费.某职工某月缴水费16m元,则该职工这个月实际用水为() A.13立方米B.14立方米C.18立方米D.26立方米6.已知集合P={x|0≤x≤4},Q={y|0≤y≤2},下列不能表示从P到Q的映射的是()A.f:x→y=12x B.f:x→y=13xC.f:x→y=23x D.f:x→y=x二、填空题7.已知,则f(7)=____________.8.设则f {f [f (-34)]}的值为________,f (x )的定义域是______________.9.已知函数f (x )的图象如下图所示,则f (x )的解析式是__________________.三、解答题 10.已知,(1)画出f (x )的图象; (2)求f (x )的定义域和值域.11.如图,动点P从边长为4的正方形ABCD的顶点B开始,顺次经C、D、A绕周界运动,用x表示点P的行程,y表示△APB的面积,求函数y=f(x)的解析式.能力提升12.设f:x→x2是集合A到集合B的映射,如果B={1,2},则A∩B一定是() A.∅B.∅或{1}C.{1}D.∅13.在交通拥挤及事故多发地段,为了确保交通安全,规定在此地段内,车距d是车速v(公里/小时)的平方与车身长S(米)的积的正比例函数,且最小车距不得小于车身长的一半.现假定车速为50公里/小时,车距恰好等于车身长,试写出d关于v的函数关系式(其中S为常数).1.全方位认识分段函数(1)分段函数是一个函数而非几个函数.分段函数的定义域是各段上“定义域”的并集,其值域是各段上“值域”的并集.(2)分段函数的图象应分段来作,特别注意各段的自变量取区间端点处时函数的取值情况,以决定这些点的实虚情况.2.对映射认识的拓展映射f:A→B,可理解为以下三点:(1)A中每个元素在B中必有唯一的元素与之对应;(2)对A中不同的元素,在B中可以有相同的元素与之对应;(3)A中元素与B中元素的对应关系,可以是:一对一、多对一,但不能一对多.3.函数与映射的关系映射f:A→B,其中A、B是两个“非空集合”;而函数y=f(x),x∈A为“非空的实数集”,其值域也是实数集,于是,函数是数集到数集的映射.由此可知,映射是函数的推广,函数是一种特殊的映射.第2课时 分段函数及映射知识梳理1.(1)对应关系 (2)并集 (3)分别作出每一段的图象 2.都有唯一 一个映射 作业设计 1.A [∵3<6,∴f (3)=f (3+2)=f (5)=f (5+2)=f (7)=7-5=2.] 2.D3.C [不同的房价对应着不同的住房率,也对应着不同的收入,因此求出4个不同房价对应的收入,然后找出最大值对应的房价即可.] 4.A [若x 2+1=5,则x 2=4,又∵x ≤0,∴x =-2, 若-2x =5,则x =-52,与x >0矛盾,故选A.]5.A [该单位职工每月应缴水费y 与实际用水量x 满足的关系式为y =⎩⎨⎧mx , 0≤x ≤10,2mx -10m ,x >10. 由y =16m ,可知x >10.令2mx -10m =16m ,解得x =13(立方米).]6.C [如果从P 到Q 能表示一个映射,根据映射的定义,对P 中的任一元素,按照对应关系f 在Q 中有唯一元素和它对应,选项C 中,当x =4时,y =23×4=83∉Q ,故选C.] 7.6解析 ∵7<9,∴f (7)=f [f (7+4)]=f [f (11)]=f (11-3)=f (8). 又∵8<9,∴f (8)=f [f (12)]=f (9)=9-3=6. 即f (7)=6.8.32 {x |x ≥-1且x ≠0}解析 ∵-1<-34<0,∴f (-34)=2×(-34)+2=12.而0<12<2,∴f (12)=-12×12=-14.∵-1<-14<0,∴f (-14)=2×(-14)+2=32.因此f {f [f (-34)]}=32.函数f (x )的定义域为{x |-1≤x <0}∪{x |0<x <2}∪{x |x ≥2}={x |x ≥-1且x ≠0}.9.f (x )=⎩⎨⎧ x +1, -1≤x <0,-x ,0≤x ≤1解析 由图可知,图象是由两条线段组成,当-1≤x <0时,设f (x )=ax +b ,将(-1,0),(0,1)代入解析式,则⎩⎨⎧ -a +b =0,b =1.∴⎩⎨⎧a =1,b =1.当0<x <1时,设f (x )=kx ,将(1,-1)代入,则k =-1. 10.解 (1)利用描点法,作出f (x )的图象,如图所示.(2)由条件知,函数f (x )的定义域为R .由图象知,当-1≤x ≤1时,f (x )=x 2的值域为[0,1],当x >1或x <-1时,f (x )=1,所以f (x )的值域为[0,1].11.解 当点P 在BC 上运动,即0≤x ≤4时,y =12×4x =2x ;当点P 在CD 上运动,即4<x ≤8时,y =12×4×4=8;当点P 在DA 上运动,即8<x ≤12时,y =12×4×(12-x )=24-2x .综上可知,f (x )=⎩⎨⎧ 2x , 0≤x ≤4,8,4<x ≤8,24-2x ,8<x ≤12.12.B [由题意可知,集合A 中可能含有的元素为:当x 2=1时,x =1,-1;当x 2=2时,x =2,- 2. 所以集合A 可为含有一个、二个、三个、四个元素的集合.无论含有几个元素,A ∩B =∅或{1}.故选B.]13.解 根据题意可得d =k v 2S .∵v =50时,d =S ,代入d =k v 2S 中,解得k =12500.∴d =12500v 2S .当d =S 2时,可解得v =25 2.∴d =⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ S 2 (0≤v <252)12500v 2S (v ≥252).§1.2习题课课时目标 1.加深对函数概念的理解,加深对映射概念的了解.2.在实际情境中,会根据不同的需要选择恰当的方法(如图象法、列表法、解析法)表示函数.3.通过具体实例,理解简单的分段函数,并能简单应用.1.下列图形中,不可能作为函数y=f(x)图象的是()2.已知函数f:A→B(A、B为非空数集),定义域为M,值域为N,则A、B、M、N的关系是()A.M=A,N=B B.M⊆A,N=BC.M=A,N⊆B D.M⊆A,N⊆B3.函数y=f(x)的图象与直线x=a的交点()A.必有一个B.一个或两个C.至多一个D.可能两个以上4.已知函数,若f(a)=3,则a的值为()A.3B.- 3C.±3D.以上均不对5.若f(x)的定义域为[-1,4],则f(x2)的定义域为()A.[-1,2]B.[-2,2]C.[0,2]D.[-2,0]6.函数y=xkx2+kx+1的定义域为R,则实数k的取值范围为() A.k<0或k>4B.0≤k<4C.0<k<4D.k≥4或k≤0一、选择题1.函数f (x )=xx 2+1,则f (1x )等于( )A .f (x )B .-f (x )C.1f (x )D.1f (-x )2.已知f (x 2-1)的定义域为[-3,3],则f (x )的定义域为( )A .[-2,2]B .[0,2]C .[-1,2]D .[-3,3]3.已知集合A ={a ,b },B ={0,1},则下列对应不是从A 到B 的映射的是()4.与y =|x |为相等函数的是( )A .y =(x )2B .y =x 2C .D .y =3x 35.函数y =2x +1x -3的值域为( )A .(-∞,43)∪(43,+∞)B .(-∞,2)∪(2,+∞)C .RD .(-∞,23)∪(43,+∞)6.若集合A ={x |y =x -1},B ={y |y =x 2+2},则A ∩B 等于( )A .[1,+∞)B .(1,+∞)C .[2,+∞)D .(0,+∞)二、填空题7.设集合A=B={(x,y)|x∈R,y∈R},点(x,y)在映射f:A→B的作用下对应的点是(x-y,x+y),则B中点(3,2)对应的A中点的坐标为____________.8.已知f(x+1)=x+2x,则f(x)的解析式为___________________________________.9.已知函数,则f(f(-2))=______________________________.三、解答题10.若3f(x-1)+2f(1-x)=2x,求f(x).11.已知,若f(1)+f(a+1)=5,求a的值.能力提升12.已知函数f(x)的定义域为[0,1],则函数f(x-a)+f(x+a)(0<a<12)的定义域为()A.∅B.[a,1-a] C.[-a,1+a]D.[0,1]13.已知函数(1)求f(-3),f[f(-3)];(2)画出y=f(x)的图象;(3)若f(a)=12,求a的值.1.函数的定义域、对应关系以及值域是构成函数的三个要素.事实上,如果函数的定义域和对应关系确定了,那么函数的值域也就确定了.两个函数是否相同,只与函数的定义域和对应关系有关,而与函数用什么字母表示无关.求函数定义域时,要注意分式的字母不能为零;偶次根式内的被开方式子必须大于或等于零.2.函数图象是描述函数两个变量之间关系的一种重要方法,它能够直观形象地表示自变量、函数值的变化趋势.函数的图象可以是直线、光滑的曲线,也可以是一些孤立的点、线段或几段曲线等.3.函数的表示方法有列举法、解析法、图象法三种.根据解析式画函数的图象时,要注意定义域对函数图象的制约作用.函数的图象既是研究函数性质的工具,又是数形结合方法的基础.§1.2习题课双基演练1.C[C选项中,当x取小于0的一个值时,有两个y值与之对应,不符合函数的定义.]2.C[值域N应为集合B的子集,即N⊆B,而不一定有N=B.]3.C[当a属于f(x)的定义域内时,有一个交点,否则无交点.]4.A[当a≤-1时,有a+2=3,即a=1,与a≤-1矛盾;当-1<a<2时,有a2=3,∴a=3,a=-3(舍去);当a≥2时,有2a=3,∴a=32与a≥2矛盾.综上可知a = 3.]5.B [由-1≤x 2≤4,得x 2≤4,∴-2≤x ≤2,故选B.]6.B [由题意,知kx 2+kx +1≠0对任意实数x 恒成立,当k =0时,1≠0恒成立,∴k =0符合题意.当k ≠0时,Δ=k 2-4k <0,解得0<k <4,综上,知0≤k <4.]作业设计1.A [f (1x )=1x 1x 2+1=x 1+x 2=f (x ).] 2.C [∵x ∈[-3,3],∴0≤x 2≤3,∴-1≤x 2-1≤2,∴f (x )的定义域为[-1,2].]3.C [C 选项中,和a 相对应的有两个元素0和1,不符合映射的定义.故答案为C.]4.B [A 中的函数定义域与y =|x |不同;C 中的函数定义域不含有x =0,而y =|x |中含有x =0,D 中的函数与y =|x |的对应关系不同,B 正确.]5.B [用分离常数法.y =2(x -3)+7x -3=2+7x -3. ∵7x -3≠0,∴y ≠2.] 6.C [化简集合A ,B ,则得A =[1,+∞),B =[2,+∞).∴A ∩B =[2,+∞).]7.(52,-12)解析 由题意⎩⎨⎧ x -y =3x +y =2,∴⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ x =52y =-12.8.f (x )=x 2-1(x ≥1)解析 ∵f (x +1)=x +2x=(x )2+2x +1-1=(x +1)2-1,∴f (x )=x 2-1. 由于x +1≥1,所以f (x )=x 2-1(x ≥1).9.4解析 ∵-2<0,∴f (-2)=(-2)2=4,又∵4≥0,∴f (4)=4,∴f (f (-2))=4.10.解 令t =x -1,则1-x =-t ,原式变为3f (t )+2f (-t )=2(t +1),①以-t 代t ,原式变为3f (-t )+2f (t )=2(1-t ),②由①②消去f (-t ),得f (t )=2t +25. 即f (x )=2x +25.11.解 f (1)=1×(1+4)=5,∵f (1)+f (a +1)=5,∴f (a +1)=0.当a +1≥0,即a ≥-1时,有(a +1)(a +5)=0,∴a =-1或a =-5(舍去).当a +1<0,即a <-1时,有(a +1)(a -3)=0,无解.综上可知a =-1.12.B [由已知,得⎩⎨⎧ 0≤x +a ≤1,0≤x -a ≤1⇒⎩⎨⎧-a ≤x ≤1-a ,a ≤x ≤1+a . 又∵0<a <12,∴a ≤x ≤1-a ,故选B.]13.解 (1)∵x ≤-1时,f (x )=x +5,∴f (-3)=-3+5=2,∴f [f (-3)]=f (2)=2×2=4.(2)函数图象如右图所示.(3)当a ≤-1时,f (a )=a +5=12,a =-92≤-1; 当-1<a <1时,f (a )=a 2=12,a =±22∈(-1,1); 当a ≥1时,f (a )=2a =12,a =14∉[1,+∞),舍去. 故a 的值为-92或±22.。

人教版地理必修一课时作业 1附答案

人教版地理必修一课时作业 1附答案

课时作业1宇宙中的地球一、选择题(在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

)1.在下图中,火星的位置代号是()A.①B.②C.③D.④解析:按八大行星轨道距太阳由近及远依次是水、金、地、火、木、土、天王、海王星,所以代表火星位置的是③。

故选C。

答案:C如图所示,科学家预测,未来人类可能从地球迁移到相邻的“第二行星家园”。

“第二行星家园”的“自转轴”与其公转轨道平面的夹角约为66°01′,自转周期与地球相近,质量约为地球的十分之一,有大气层。

据此回答2~3题。

2.和地球相比,“第二行星家园”()A.表面均温更高B.属于远日行星C.昼夜温差更大D.大气层厚度更厚3.在“第二行星家园”上()①正午太阳高度变化幅度大于地球②存在大气“热力环流”③昼夜长短变化幅度小于地球④可见地球从西方“升起”A.①②B.③④C.①③D.②④2~3.解析:第2题,考查地球的宇宙环境及判断推理能力。

因为质量约为地球的十分之一,所以对周围大气的吸引力不如地球强,所以大气层厚度要薄,大气的削弱作用和保温作用要弱,白天最高温要高,晚上最低温要低;均温要低,昼夜温差更大。

第3题,考查演绎推理能力。

“第二行星家园”的“自转轴”与其公转轨道平面的夹角约为66°01′,那么“黄赤交角”为23°59′,太阳的直射范围变大了,正午太阳高度变化幅度大于地球,昼夜长短变化幅度大于地球,在“第二行星家园”上有热带和寒带,所以存在大气“热力环流”,④项不确定。

答案:2.C 3.A太阳是太阳系的中心天体,地球是太阳系的八颗行星之一。

据此完成4~5题。

4.地球在宇宙的位置可以描述为()①是地月系的中心天体②是太阳系中的一颗巨行星③与太阳系中的金星、木星相邻④不属于河外星系A.①②B.②④C.①④D.②③5.下列地理事物的形成,与太阳辐射密切相关的是()①大气环流②石油、天然气资源③火山爆发④地壳运动A.①②B.③④C.①④D.②③4~5.解析:第4题,地月系的中心天体是地球;地球属于银河系,不属于河外星系;地球是太阳系中的类地行星,与金星和火星相邻。

北师大版必修一 Lesson1 Spring Festival课时作业

北师大版必修一 Lesson1 Spring Festival课时作业
5. What is the author’s attitude to the annual Global Grad Show?
A. Doubtful.B. Favorable.
C. Intolerant.D. Unclear.
6. What’s a popular issue on the Global Grad show?
A. Environment.B. Education.
C. Healthcare.D. Food security.
7. What can be inferred from Caravieri’s words in the last two paragraphs?
A. He doubts the change of the Grad Show.
He also argues the show is the perfect catalyst for change. “Global Grad Show has that power. It sparks something in you, “Caravieri said. “You’ll get first motivated; then hopeful that things can change faster than we thought.”
D. The Global Grad Show
【参考答案】BACD
第二节、语法填空
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The COVID-19 distances people from each other. However,it also1friendships between people who would have otherwise never become friends. In the case of 92-year-old Mary,that friend happens to be her two-year-old neighbor,Ben.

人教新课标版必修一高一英语课时作业:1.1 Section Ⅰ 含答案

人教新课标版必修一高一英语课时作业:1.1 Section Ⅰ 含答案

课时作业(一)Unit 1FriendshipSection ⅠWarming up & Reading—Pre-reading Ⅰ.阅读理解AMany people often lose their friends and they don’t know how to keep a long friendship.So how can you keep a long friendship?The following passage explains very well about this matter.The first thing you need to do is become a good listener.In this way,you show your friends that you are interested in their lives.You want to know more about them and you want to help them solve their problems.They will cherish the friendship more if they know you care about them.The next thing is that you should respect other people’s privacy.People usually don’t like others to know about their private life,so you should show respect toward their privacy.Sometimes,they need some suggestions from others,but this does not mean that others can know about their entire life.So respect for privacy is a must for keeping a long friendship.The third important thing is that you need to be able to forgive.You must remember that nobody is perfect in this world.It is important to forgive others and not to blame them for the mistakes they have already made.You are not perfect either.Thus you need to apologize to others for the mistakes you may have made.Pay attention to the three things above,and you will be able to have long friendships.1.This passage is written to tell us________.A.why a long friendship is importantB.what we can do for our friendsC.how to make friends with othersD.how to keep a long friendship2.According to the passage,what is the first thing that we need to do?A.To know more about our friends.B.To share our happiness and sadness.C.To be good at listening to our friends.D.To help our friends solve their problems.3.From Paragraph 3 we know that________.A.we should never share our private lives with othersB.some people never care about their privacyC.it is important to respect other people’s privacyD.some people like sharing their privacy4.The writer most probably thinks that________.A.everyone makes mistakesB.some people are perfectC.people often make stupid mistakesD.we shouldn’t apologize for every mistakeBSenior year is supposed to be the best year of my high school life.But for a while,it seemed like the most stressful.At the beginning of the school year,I knew that I was going to have to pick a college and a major,and I thought that I was going to major in journalism (新闻学).I had already taken many college tours.But one day I thought about it and asked myself,“Do you really want to be a journalist?Do you really enjoy writing that much to make it your career?”I didn’t know the answers to my own questions,and I felt lost.My college research had focused on journalism.Now that I doubted my major,I began to doubt the colleges as well.I feared that all that time spent visiting colleges was then a waste.After realizing this,I started to get really stressed.My friends kept telling me what they wanted to be and which college they wanted to go to.It seemed as though everyone had their lives planned out while I was still not certain what my major would be.One day in October,I was on the train with some friends and they were all discussing their dream colleges and how eager (渴望的) they were for the majors they chose.One of my friends told us that she had known she wanted to do nursing since her sophomore (高中二年级的) year.I felt jealous—I wasn’t even thinking about the college two years ago.Then someone asked me,“Mel,what college do you wantto go to?”I_was_caught_off_guard.“Uh,what?” I said,trying to buy some time.Then another friend jumped in,“Yeah,Mel,what major are you going to study?”“Um,I’m not really sure,” I said.“I haven’t decided yet.”The world seemed to stop moving for my two friends.“What?How couldn’t you know yet?”5.From the passage we can learn that________.A.the author knew the answers to her own questionsB.the author was interested in journalism at firstC.the author thought that all that time spent visiting colleges was usefulD.the author’s friends never told her what they wanted to do in the future6.The writer felt________because her friends were already thinking about colleges two years ago.A.angry B.happyC.satisfied D.jealous7.The underlined sentence “I was caught off guard” means the author________.A.didn’t know how to ans wer the questionB.didn’t understand her friendsC.was hit by her friendsD.couldn’t leave her guard then8.The last paragraph mainly deals with________.A.how surprised the friends wereB.how happy the author wasC.how important the author’s choice wasD.how jealous the author wasCBefore you make friends,you have to decide who you want to be your friends.Most people like to have friends who like to do the same thing they do.The quickest way to make a friend is to smile.When you smile,people think you are friendly and easy to talk to.It may not be easy at first to smile,but remember most people will stay away from a scared (害怕的) or angry looking face.One easy way to start a conversation with someone is to say something nice about him.Think about how gr eat you feel when someone says something nice to you.Doesn’t it make you want to keep talking to that person?Ask your new friends questions about themselves.Who’s their favorite singer,where do they live,what do they do after school are all good questions to start a conversation.Make sure you have something to add to the conversation,too.When someone asks you a question,do have an answer for them.There’s nothing that will stop a conversation quicker than a_shrug_for_an_answer.Kids who show an interest in other kids and who are kind and friendly make good friends.Remember,everyone wants to be around people who like to do similar (相似的) things and people who are nice to them.9.This passage gives us some advice on________.A.how to make friendsB.what kind of person you can make friends withC.how to start a conversationD.the importance of smile10.Most people like to make friends with those________.A.who are sad every day B.who share the same interestC.who are fond of talking D.who say bad things to them11.According to the third paragraph,most people enjoy talking to one ________.A.who is always smilingB.who seems to be friendlyC.who praises themD.who points out their shortcomings12.The underlined (划线的) part in this passage means “________”.A.being very proud B.making no answerC.knowing nothing D.not hoping to answerⅡ.七选五If you go into the woods with friends who are older than you,stay with them.__1__If you do get lost,though,this is what you should do.__2__ Don’t try to find your friends—let them look for you.You can help them to find you by staying in one place.__3__Give them a signal by shouting or whistling times again.Stop.Then shout or whistle three times again.Any signal given three times is a call for help.Keep up the shouting or whistling,always three times together.Then the people who hear you will know they have heard your signal.They will give two shouts,two whistles,or two gun shots.__4__ If you don’t think that you will be found before night comes,get some branches.Try to put them together and make a little house.Cover up the holes with leaves and grass.__5__You have to leave your little branch house to look for a river.Don’t just walk away.Make a trail for yourself so you can find your way back.Do this by picking off small branches and dropping them as you walk.The most important thing to do when you are lost is—STAY IN ONE PLACE.A.Survive the woods.B.If you don’t,you may get lost.C.Sit down and stay where you are.D.How can you get the food you need in the woods alone.E.Whenever a signal is given twice it is an answer to a call for help.F.What would you do if you get hungry or need drinking water?G.There is another way to help your friends or other people nearby to find you.课时作业(一)Unit 1Friendship 答案Section ⅠWarming up & Reading—Pre-reading(本栏目内容,在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订!)Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇解读友谊在我们的人生中占有重要地位,作者在本文中告诉我们保持长久友谊的三个方法。

高中语文人教版必修一课时分层作业1 沁园春 长沙+Word版含答案

高中语文人教版必修一课时分层作业1 沁园春 长沙+Word版含答案

课时分层作业(一)沁园春长沙一、基础运用层1.下列各句中加点成语的使用,全都正确的一项是()【导学号:79942003】①2016年里约奥运会上,中国女排在郎平教练的带领下力挽狂澜....,技压群雄,为中国体育代表团夺得首枚球类集体项目的金牌。

②有的专家认为,能无所顾忌....地发表自己的看法而且面对困难不胆怯的孩子,往往具有领导者的潜质。

③花自飘零水自流,淡淡青丝不言愁。

每个生命个体都有着它独特的思维方式和运行轨迹。

有人热衷于独占鳌头,一枝独秀;亦有人倾心于隐于花丛,如坐春风....。

④美国在这一问题上的危言危行....,不仅将直接损害中国的战略安全利益,也将损害亚太地区其他国家的安全利益。

⑤人们在追思启功先生的时候,不仅感佩他卓越的书画功力,更感佩他的高尚人品。

他不但是文化界的泰山北斗....,更是一位谦谦君子。

⑥文化是一座城市的灵魂,是城市吐故纳新....、转型攻坚过程中的精神原动力,所以,涵养城市的文化底蕴是提升城市品位的重要举措。

A.①②④B.①③⑤C.②⑤⑥D.③④⑥C[①力挽狂澜:比喻尽力挽回险恶的局势。

一般用在重大的事件中,比如政治风云变幻等。

此处适用对象错误。

②无所顾忌:没有什么顾虑。

此处说明孩子“没有什么顾虑”,符合语境。

③如坐春风:形容受到良师的教诲、熏陶。

不合语境。

④危言危行:说正直的话,做正直的事。

此处望文生义。

⑤泰山北斗:比喻德高望重或有卓越成就而为众人所敬仰的人。

此处修饰“启功先生”,使用正确。

⑥吐故纳新:比喻扬弃旧的、不好的,吸收新的、好的。

此处修饰城市品位的提升,和前面的“转型攻坚”搭配得当。

]2.下列各句中,没有语病的一项是()【导学号:79942004】A.在实施全面二孩政策之后,新生人口必然会增长,这一方面将会改变现有的家庭结构,另一方面也会减轻适龄劳动人口赡养老年人的负担和职责。

B.在物理学上,引力波是一种爱因斯坦在广义相对论里预言的以光速传播的时空波动,如同石头丢进水里产生的波纹一样,引力波被视为宇宙中的“时空涟漪”。

高中地理必修一课时作业

高中地理必修一课时作业

课时作业(一)[学业水平层次(A)]1.下列属于天体的是()A.天空中的白云B.环绕地球飞行的“神舟十号”C.返回地面的“神舟十号”返回舱D.进入大气层的陨石【解析】位于宇宙空间是判断物体是否是天体的重要条件。

A、C、D三项中的物体都位于大气层内,不是天体。

【答案】 B2.河外星系、太阳系、地球三者之间的关系符合下列示意图中的()【解析】地球属于太阳系,地球和太阳都属于银河系,河外星系与银河系是同等级的天体系统。

【答案】 D下图为太阳系局部图,读图回答3~4题。

3.图中M星最有可能是()A.水星B.火星C.天王星D.海王星4.关于图中行星的叙述,正确的是()A.表面温度最高的是M星B.公转周期最短的是M星C.公转方向相反的是水星D.地球与金星、M星几乎在同一平面上绕日公转【解析】第3题,根据八颗行星距离太阳远近的顺序,可推知M星最有可能是火星。

第4题,八颗行星的运动特征和结构特征具有相似性。

【答案】 3.B 4.D下图是美国航天局公布的代号为“开普勒—22b”的行星所处恒星系统与太阳系比较的假想图,“开普勒—22b”行星距地球约600光年。

读图回答5~6题。

5.“开普勒-22b”行星所处的天体系统为()A.地月系B.太阳系C.银河系D.河外星系6.位于“宜居带”的“开普勒-22b”行星应()A.有肥沃的土壤B.有适宜的温度C.表面比较平坦D.接受来自恒星的辐射能量【解析】第5题,“开普勒-22b”与地球相距600光年,其距离大大超过了太阳系的范围,但在银河系的范围之内,因此“开普勒-22b”行星所处的天体系统为银河系。

第6题,由图可知“开普勒-22b”行星在所属恒星系中的位置与地球在太阳系中的位置相似,因而应有适宜的温度,位于“宜居带”。

【答案】 5.C 6.B读下表,完成7~8题。

球“液态水存在”有密切关系的是()①地球上昼夜交替的周期适中②地球的质量和体积适中③地球处于一个比较安全的宇宙环境中④地球与太阳的距离比较适中A.①③B.②③C.③④D.①④8.下列关于表中各行星的叙述正确的是()A.金星位于地球和火星之间B.水星公转方向自东向西C.水星昼夜温差比地球大D.金星表面平均温度比水星低【解析】第7题,由于日地距离适中,昼夜交替的周期适中,所以地球上的水以液态方式存在。

新选择性必修一Unit1LaughoutloudDevelopingideas作业

新选择性必修一Unit1LaughoutloudDevelopingideas作业

Unit 1 Laugh out loud必备知识基础练进阶训练第一层1.Later, the boy became a famous ________ (作曲家).2.His speech introduced some new ________ (概念) to the students.3.We can see this from his daily ________ (交流) with people.4.He took a bath and ________ (刮脸) before dinner.5.Don't you think it's ________ (残忍的) to cage a creature up?6.His talk ________ (结束) by wishing everyone a safe trip home.7.The most beautiful ________ (地点) on the river is the Three Gorges.8.James leaned over to ________ (低语) something to Michael.9.I am good at dealing with ________ (难处理的) problems.10.People made a number of rude ________ (评论) on the clown.Ⅱ.短语填空throw light on, think on one's feet, tell off, fall behind,in a whisper, put sb. on the spot, brand of humour1.The clown in the circus has his own ____________.2.Please keep calm and the police will ____________ the cause of the fire.3.Shelly was one of those kids who were always getting ____________.4.She hurt her ankle and had ____________ the others.5.This is a very demanding job and you need to ____________.6.He was angry with Alice. What Alice said this morning ____________.7.They sat at the back of the room, talking ____________.Ⅲ.单句语法填空1.This movie shows the ____________ (cruel) of the landowners in the past.2.After several hours of discussion, they came to a ____________ (conclude).3.He patted me ____________ (gentle) on the back.4.When ____________ (visit) another country, you should be aware of those differences and respect them.5.I won't go to attend her party even if ____________ (invite).6.The traveler ____________ (spot) smoke rising from a small house not far ahead.7.You need to invite several ____________ (pose) to the concert.8.He told them ____________ for arriving late again.Ⅳ.课文语法填空For thousands of years, humour has been an essential part of human behaviour.While/Although the jokes in Ancient Greece's edy might not be as 1.________ (fun) to us now as they were then, their authors 2.________ (understand) that humourcould not only entertain but also throw new light on sensitive or emotive issues.Due to his wit and satire, Mark Twain 3.________(regard) as one of North America'sbest and most beloved writers. However, in addition to his funny stories, Mark Twainis 4.________ (equal) well known for his witty remarks.Similarly, thanks to his wit, Lin Yutang became well known 5.________ a masterof humour. As we all know, his invention “Youmo” 6.________ (use) today. In fact,both of them understood that humour isn't just about 7.________ (laugh), but is away of life and a tool that can be used 8._______ (illuminate) the world. Indeed,some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great 9._______ our need forwater and air. Humour is mankind's 10.________ (great) blessing.关键能力提升练进阶训练第二层I was getting ready to go to bed when the phone rang. This could not be good.My mind raced through the list of family members who might need help, but the voice was hardly familiar.“Lindy, this is Lesley.” I don't know Lesley well. We did occasionally speak with each other, but to say we were friends was not appropriate. I asked what she needed. Perhaps something really awful caused her to reach someone she barely knew. Instead, she asked me, “Do you have room for a turkey? In your freezer?”We_had_lots_of_room_in_our_freezer,_and_in_fact,_too_much. “Sure,” I responded, “did your freezer break down?” “Not exactly,” Lesley replied, “but I will explain when I arrive.”Minutes later came a huge freezer truck. Lesley stepped down and explained the lease (租约) of the grocery store her husband serviced had run out and that theyhad to empty all the freezers that very night. Thinking it was a shame to throw awayall this good food, they decided to drop off food to anyone she could think of. Noticing our freezer was pretty empty, Lesley asked to fill it up. Our home was theirlast stop and anything left would have to be put in our freezer. An hour later, everything finished. I asked her, “When will you e back for all this?” Lesley laughed, “We don't want it back. It is yours! Thanks for helping us out!” Then they waved goodbye and drove away.“For he lping them out?” We opened our freezer door. Inside were all expensive foods we never bought but often longed to try. We were struggling to buy groceries,yet it was not something we shared with anyone. However, our needs were met in an unexpected way, by that call, “Do you have room for a turkey?”1.How did the writer feel when she heard the phone ringing?A.Anxious. B.Angry.C.Shocked. D.Relieved.2.What does the writer indicate by the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2?A.Their freezer was too large to fill.B.Their freezer was less frequently used.C.They were running out of food supplies.D.They were glad to put the turkey in the freezer.3.Why did Lesley call up the writer?A.Because the writer was her good friend.B.Because she knew the writer was in need.C.Because something awful had happened.D.Because she didn't want food to go to waste.4.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Who is my angel?B.Do you have room for a turkey?C.Unexpected bargainsD.A friend on speaking termsⅡ.七选五Are you a happy person or an unhappy person?If you're an unhappy person, please remember that happiness is a choice. __1__ What you need to do is to make some changes.Unhappy people are more likely to believe that life is hard. They see themselves as victims of life when something bad happens to them. Yes, as is knownto all, life can be hard. __2__Unhappy people are more likely to believe that most people can't be trusted. They don't think strangers can be trusted. Unfortunately, this thought slowly startsto prevent them from meeting new people. __3__ In this way, you can make more friends, who can increase your happiness.Unhappy people like paring themselves with others and feel jealous. __4__ This is wrong. Instead you should get inspired and try to achieve more. Learn to believein unlimited possibilities. Don't get upset and think that somebody's luck limits your possible oute in life.Unhappy people consider their future with worry and fear. __5__ Unhappy people fill the head space with worry and fear. How can you be happy if you are alwaysin worry or fear? When fear or worry crosses your mind, ask yourself if there is an action you can take to prevent your fear or worry from happening. If there isn't, just lay it down because worry or fear does you no good at all.Everyone will probably swim in negative waters once in a while, but what mattersis how long you stay there. Follow the ways mentioned above and then you will be much happier.A.You can choose to be happy.B.Unhappiness is also a choice.C.There is only so much space between your ears.D.They believe that someone else's luck is stolen from their own.E.You should try to be kind to others in order to make more friends.F.But you should have a positive attitude towards life instead of plaining all the time.G.Instead, you should believe in the good in people and stay open and friendly towards those you meet.Ⅲ.完形填空When I was a college student, I did a lot of traveling abroad. That was becausea professor __1__ me to do so. She said, “To travel around the world can__2__ your knowledge through actual experiences and make you have fun.” I __3__ her.Since I started to work for a __4__ pany, however, I have done most of my traveling through the Internet. With the help of the Internet, I have also got __5__ about foodin different countries.Therefore, I was beginning to feel that actual trips were __6__ essential untilI happened to read a famous chef's ment on the Internet. He said, “When we enjoy food and the __7__ around us at the same time, why don't you fly over to Italy and enjoy real Italian __8__?”Those words reminded me of my __9__ advice. As information technology__10__, you might be able to do it without making a real trip. But this also means that you will miss the various __11__ you can get from traveling.Today there are people who__12__direct munication with others and spend muchof their time on the Internet. It is not surprising to see a group of people __13__not with each other but into their microphones. However, we should never let it __14__our time for face­to­face munication. Let's make use of information technology more _15__,and have great fun in experiencing the actual world.1.A.promised B.allowed C.impressed D.encouraged2.A.build up B.use C.practice D.exchange3.A.agreed with B.learned from C.followed D.obeyed4.A.car B.food C.clothing D.machine5.rmation B.taste C.cooks D.advertisements6.A.even more B.no longer C.much D.actually7.A.people B.drink C.atmosphere D.environment8.A.shoes B.dishes C.customers D.situations9.A.friend's B.parents' C.professor's D.boss's10.A.produces B.advertises C.forms D.advances11.A.news B.pleasures C.troubles D.places12.A.avoid B. keep C.lose D.enjoy13.A.meeting B.talking C.municating D.traveling14.A.spare B.increase C.reduce D.use15.A.wisely B.correctly C.quickly D.slowlyⅣ.语法填空When 1.________(meet) people at the airport, most people smile and shake hands with people they meet. We know that a smile is usually a sign that people feel 2.________(friend) and happy, but what if we don't know 3._______the new person is? What if we are not introduced by a friend? What if we are meeting a stranger in 4.________unfamiliar place? Sometimes people are 5._______ (danger) and humans have to find ways to protect 6.________ (they). We have to make sure we can trust people we do not know, and we have to show that we are not aggressive. Showing our hands 7.________(mean) that we are not armed. In many cultures today, the Western custom of shaking hands 8.________(use). We use our right hand, 9.________ is usually stronger than the left one. If we are using our hand this way, it means that we cannot be holding a knife10.________ a gun. It shows that we trust the other person, and that the other person can trust us.课时作业(三) Developing ideas & Presenting ideas必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单词拼写Ⅱ.短语填空1.brand of humour 2.throw light on 3.told off 4.fallen behind 5.think on your feet 6.put him on the spot 7.in a whisperⅢ.单句语法填空Ⅳ.课文语法填空1.答案与解析:funny 考查形容词。

2021年人教版高一英语必修一课时作业(课标卷)课时作业(3)unit1版含答案

2021年人教版高一英语必修一课时作业(课标卷)课时作业(3)unit1版含答案

课时作业(三)Using LanguageⅠ.单词拼写1.Their answers are ________________(确实如此)the same.2.I'm afraid I ________________(不同意) with you on that.3.We are deeply ________________(感谢的) for your support.4.Many people are interested in computer games ,especially ________________(青少年).5.Peter may ________________(不喜欢)this ,but I don't care.Ⅱ.阅读理解One of the most important things in the world is friendship.In order to have friends ,you have to be a friend.But how can you be a good friend at school?Listen -Listen when they are talking.Don't say anything unless they ask you a question.Sometimes it's not necessary for you to have anything to say;they just need someone to talk to about their feelings.Help them -If your friend is ever in need of something ,be there to help them.You should try to put them first ,but make sure you don't do everything they want you to do.Try to take an extra (额外的) pencil or pen with you to classes in case (以防) they forget one.Have a little extra money in your pocket in case they forget something they need.Be there for them -Try to make something for your friends to help make them feel better in hard times.Making cards and encouraging them are among the nicest things you can do for a friend.Marilyn Monroe ,a famous U.S.actor ,once said , "I often make mistakes.Sometimes I am out of control.But if you can't stay with me at my worst ,you are sure not to deserve (值得) to be with me at my best.〞Always remember this !If you don't want to stay with your friends when they're in hard times ,then you don't deserve to be with them when they're having a good time!________ -Try to make plans with your friends.Go shopping ,go for ice cream ,have a party ,go to the movies and so on.Take time to know each other even better by doing something you both enjoy.By planning things together ,you both can have a good time.And you'll remember these things when you're all old!1.While your friend is talking to you about his or her feelings ,you should ________.A.give him or her some adviceB.just listen unless askedC.calm him or her downD.share your feelings as well2.When we provide help for our friends ,we should ________.A.try to do everything for themB.put them before ourselvesC.change their bad habits firstD.ignore their faults3.What can we learn from Marilyn Monroe's words?A.Life without a friend is death.B.A friend is easier lost than found.C.A friend in need is a friend indeed.D.A man is known by his friends.4.Which of the following can be put in the blank of the last paragraph?A.Make plans.B.Enjoy yourself.C.Understand your friends.D.Play with your friends.Ⅲ.阅读填句根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最||正确选项,选项中有两项为多余选项.(2021·山西大学附中高一月考)It's hard when a best friend isn't around - maybe because he or she moved to a different school or a different class.1.________ You want to have new friends ,but how do you make them?Start by looking around your classroom - think about which kids you'd like to play with at break.Look for chances to say hi to them ,smile ,and be friendly.3.________ Invite someone to play with you or say "Do you want to sit here ?〞in the lunchroom.When you're at break ,walk over to the kids you want to play with ,act friendly ,and say "Hi ,can I play ,too ?〞or just join in.If you have trouble doing this or if you're feeling shy ,ask your teacher to help you make new friends.Teachers are usually pretty good at matching up friends.4.________ Be kind ,be friendly ,share ,say nice things ,offer to help - and pretty soon ,you'll have one ,or two ,or even more new friends.5.________ But when you see each other ,you can share something you didn't have before he or she left:You can introduce him or her to your new friends!A.What's right for me?B.But remember ,there's always room for more friends.C.You may feel lonely at break or lunchtime.D.The best way to make friends is to be a friend.E.Offer to share something or offer greetings.F.Make a choice in your life.G.You might still miss that special best friend.Ⅳ.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最||多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改.增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧) ,并在其下面写上该加的词.删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉.修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写上修改后的词.注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分.Books supplying informations for us on how to do things are very popular with in the United States today.Thousand of books as this begins with titles that start with the words "Howto...〞.Many such "How to〞books usual give advice on asking careers.They tell you how to choose a career and how to succeed on it.If you fail ,however ,you can buy a book naming Ho w to Turn Failure into Success.If you would like to become very rich ,you may buy a book Ho w to Make a Million.If you make no money at all ,you need the book Ho w to Li v e in Nothing.Ⅴ.完成句子1.我觉察很难把我的想法告诉你.(hard)I find __________________ about my idea.2.很遗憾你交友有困难 .(trouble)I'm sorry that you __________________ friends.3.看书可能使你疲劳,但不会使你感到厌倦.(tired)You may __________________ ,but you won't __________________.4.老师和孩子们相处得非常融洽.(get)The teacher __________________.5.你假设能让我尽快知道,我会很感谢的.(grateful)__________________ you should let me know as soon as possible.课时作业(三)ⅠⅡ细节理解题.根据第二段第|一、二句话Listen when they are talking.Don't say anything unless they ask you a question.可知B为正确选项.2.B细节理解题.由第三段第二句话可知B项正确.3.C细节推理题.Marilyn Monroe所说的话的意思即这一段最||后一句话意思 ,即C 项.4.A项.Ⅲ.1~5CBEDGⅣ.Books supplying informationsinformation for us on how to do things are very popular with\ inthe United States today.ThousandThousands of books as thisbeginsbegin with titles that start with the words"How to...〞.Many such "How to〞booksusualusually give advice on asking for∧careers.Theytell you how to choose a career and how to succeed onin it.If you fail ,however ,you can buy abook namingnamed Ho w to Turn Failure into Success.If you would like to become very rich ,you maybuyathe book Ho w to Make a Million.If you make no money at all ,you need the book Ho w toLi v einon Nothing.Ⅴ.1.it hard to tell you 2.have trouble/difficulty in making 3.be tired from reading ,betired of it 4.got along well with the children 5.I would be grateful if。

高一语文(人教版必修一)(课时作业与单元检测):第1课_沁园春_长沙(有答案)

高一语文(人教版必修一)(课时作业与单元检测):第1课_沁园春_长沙(有答案)
答:________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5.在这首词中.作者用词精妙、传神.语言极富表现力.试举例说明。
6.“自古逢秋悲寂寥”.文学作品中的秋景不少是萧条、肃杀的。请你举出一些悲秋的诗句.然后思考一下.本词描写的秋景具有怎样的特色。
三、技法迁移
情景相生
文本回顾
这首词上阕虽着重写景.却处处景中寓情。“万山红遍.层林尽染”.四周枫林如火的写照.又寄寓着词人火热的革命情怀。“万山红遍”正是词人“星火燎原”思想的形象化表现.是对革命与祖国前途的乐观主义的憧憬。“鹰击长空.鱼翔浅底.万类霜天竞自由”.则是作者对自由、解放的向往和追求。“怅寥廓.问苍茫大地.谁主沉浮”的感叹.则由写景直接转入抒怀.自然带出下半阕的抒情乐章。这是情由景生。
4.近义词辨析
(1)寥廓·辽阔
寥廓:指宇宙的广阔。
辽阔:形容原野或水面非常广阔。
例句:①想农民之所想.急农民之所急.把科学、文明的种子播撒到______的田野乡村.广大文化、科技、卫生工作者在“三下乡”活动中大有用武之地。
②登上山脊极目远眺.高纬度的天穹显得格外______高远.湛蓝色的天空中飘浮着朵朵白云.俯瞰镜泊湖“水心如镜面.千里无纤毫”。
C.近年来.一些正值豆蔻年华的青年小伙子沉迷在网吧里.从而荒废了学业.浪费了青春.真让人痛惜不已。

2021--2021学年人教版必修一unit 1 friendship grammar课时作业(7)

2021--2021学年人教版必修一unit 1 friendship grammar课时作业(7)

Unit 1 friendship grammar课时作业Ⅰ.单词拼写1. He has an income of only 200 dollars a month, which is not a ____________ to support his large family.2. I must a ________ for the delay in replying to your letter.3. The tournament is open to amateurs as well as p_____________.【答案】adequateapologiseprofessionals4. At night they crossed the river and took p___________ of the village.5. He was a________ as chairman of the committee.6. I recognized her the ________(瞬间)I saw her.7. She ________ (值得)a reward for her efforts.8. Diana is a ________(体贴的)boss who is always willing to listen.9. He works very hard and now he is a(n) ____________(出色的)pupil.10. _____________(复杂的)problems are not easy to solve.【答案】possessionappointedinstantdeservesconsiderateoutstandingComplicatedⅡ.单项填空1. —How did you ________ the old valuable house?—It used to be ________ my uncle. He left it to me in his will.A. take possession of; in possession ofB. take the possession of; in the possession ofC. take possession of; in the possession ofD. take the possession of; in possession of答案与解析:C take possession of为固定短语,possession前没有冠词,意为“拥有,占有〞;in possession of拥有;in the possession of为某人所有。

高中生物学必修1课时作业(一)

高中生物学必修1课时作业(一)
19世纪末,研究者发现引起狂犬病的分子似乎比细菌小得多, 将其称作viru。1935年,人类第一次提纯了烟草花叶病毒。病毒 的生存方式就像“寄生虫”,必须利用活细胞里的各种细胞器和 原料完成自我增殖,裂解宿主细胞。
研究发现,噬菌体侵染细菌时,把DNA注入到细菌中,细菌也
不是完全被动挨打,细菌DNA中存在一种特殊DNA序列—— CRISPR序列,携带有一些来自噬菌体的DNA片段,是亲代DNA给 侵染过的噬菌体所做的黑标签,这让子代细菌快速识别并清除再次 侵染的同种噬菌体。
病毒几乎挟持宿主细胞的所有功能以便进行自我复制和传播, 因此相比捕食、环境改变而言,病毒是更大的进化压力,能更大 程度的促进细胞进化。所以,有人说:当人类在进化历程某一时 期出现流行性疾病或者传染病时,人体要么适应这种病毒,要么
根除它们。 探索精彩的生命世界,敬畏生命的精巧适应和演化,认识和合
理利用生物之间的关系,也许是人类应该学习的永恒主题。 (1) 噬菌体等病毒的基本成分包括__蛋__白__质__和单种核酸分子(DNA
巨噬菌体与细菌间的博弈,只是病毒与宿主细胞、生物与生物 之间复杂生存关系中的一个小小的缩影。噬菌体可侵染特定类型 的细菌,引起细菌发生基因突变,促进细菌耐药性的产生。
人类以及哺乳类动物的基因中普遍存在许多适应性的DNA突变,
通过突变适应环境的变化,但科学家认为如此普遍的突变令人费 解,环境改变和压力有多大才能造成如此多的突变?他们猜想病 毒有可能是这些突变的来源,因为病毒变化无常、能与成千上万 的蛋白质发生相互作用。
解析:细胞既是生物体结构的基本单位,也是生
物体代谢和遗传的基本单位,D错误。
二、非选择题
10.初中我们已经学习了生物生殖的相关知识,下图是人的个 体发育的过程示意图,请据图回答问题。

人教版高一历史必修一课时作业:第

人教版高一历史必修一课时作业:第

第12课甲午中日战争和八国联军侵华一、选择题1.“1895年,中国有三个人各自做出了自己一生中最重要的选择:康有为选择了变法,孙中山选择了革命,张謇选择了实业。

他们的终极目标都是救国,可以称之为殊途同归。

”这些现象集中出现的背景是A.甲午战争中清政府惨败B.台湾被日本强行占据C.西方国家掀起瓜分中国的狂潮D.资产阶级具备革命条件2.洋务运动期间,清政府所办的民用工业多以官办或官商合办的形式进行,1895年6月,清政府决定将民用工业“从速变计,招商承办”,其中投资达580多万两的汉阳铁厂竞让盛宣怀以100万两承办。

此转变A.体现了“中体西用”的思想B.旨在抵制列强资本输出C.是甲午战败影响的结果D.导致了近代军事工业的衰落3.在鸦片战争后的一段相当长的时期里,“买办”被视为洋商之奴,唯知奔走奉命,为世人所不齿。

19世纪末20世纪初,“买办”却成为许多留学生和下台的外交官员的首选职业,连不少政界名流都争相与他们交往。

这一现象突出反映了A.中国半殖民地化程度的不断加深B.买办在中外贸易中的作用增强C.民族资本主义经济的进一步发展D.经济发展改变人们的传统观念4.清朝建都北京后,清廷在东北地区实施军事化管辖,长期禁止关内人口迁入,东北地区出现“沃野千里,有土无人”的状况。

而19世纪五六十年代清政府开放了哈尔滨以北的呼兰河平原和吉林西北平原,……1911年,清政府制定了东北三省移民章程。

这说明A.政府加强对东北地区的管辖B.向东北移民完全由政府主导C.政策逐步调整有利于增加政府收入D.移民政策的变化受外来侵略的影响5.德华银行1889年成立于上海,由德国十三家大银行联合投资组成,在成立后的二十年中,先后在中国各地设分行二十所。

下图为该银行在中国发行的纸币。

这一状况说明A.其目的是为中国工业近代化提供资金B.成为德国控制中国经济命脉的重要手段C.标志着德华银行在华重心转移到北京D.表明当时的清政府通行银本位6.某学者称:“中国几千年来未有真正之外交机构,却在外来屈辱中实现了外交的真正转型。

(人教版)化学高中必修一课时作业全 (全书完整版)

(人教版)化学高中必修一课时作业全 (全书完整版)

(人教版)高中化学必修一(全册)课时作业全汇总1.1.1化学实验安全基础巩固训练1.对于易燃、易爆、有毒的化学物质,往往会在其包装上贴上危险警告标签. 下面所列物质,贴错了包装标签的是( )解析:CCl4不易燃烧,属于有毒物质.答案:B2.下列有关化学实验安全问题的叙述中,不正确的是( )A.少量的浓硫酸沾到皮肤上时,迅速用干布擦拭,再用大量的水冲洗B.取用化学药品时,应特别注意观察药品包装容器上的安全警示标志C.凡是给玻璃仪器加热,都要加垫石棉网,以防止仪器炸裂D.闻任何化学药品的气味都不能使鼻子凑近药品解析:浓硫酸沾到皮肤上,先用干布擦拭,再用大量水冲洗,以防止浓硫酸稀释放热而灼烧皮肤,A项正确. 取用药品时,要先观察其安全警示标志,防止发生危险,B项正确. 有些玻璃仪器可以直接加热,如试管,有些玻璃仪器需要垫石棉网加热(如烧杯、烧瓶);有些玻璃仪器不能加热(如量筒),C项不正确. 闻任何化学药品时,不能使鼻子凑近,以防止中毒,D项正确.答案:C3.下列实验操作正确的是( )A.当某实验没有明确的药品用量说明时,为看到明显现象,取用药品越多越好B.取用细口瓶里的试液时,先拿下瓶塞,倒放在桌面上,然后标签朝外拿起瓶子,瓶口要紧挨着试管口,使液体缓缓地倒入试管C.胶头滴管量取完一种试液后,可直接量取另一种不与其反应的试液D.取用粉末状固体或固体小颗粒时,应用药匙或纸槽;取用块状固体时,应用镊子夹取解析:实验室里的药品,很多是易燃、易爆、有腐蚀性或有毒的. 因此在使用药品时一定要严格遵照有关规定和操作规程进行,确保安全. 通常应注意以下几点:①不能用手接触药品,不要把鼻孔凑近容器口去闻药品的气味,不得品尝任何药品的味道;②注意节约药品,严格按照实验规定的用量取用药品;③取用剩余的药品既不要放回原瓶,也不要随意丢弃,更不能拿出实验室,应该放入指定的容器(废液缸)内. 做实验时要节约,应严格按照实验规定的用量取用药品,如果没有用量说明,一般应按照最少量取,即液体1~2 mL,固体只需盖满试管底部,A项错误. 取用液体时标签应对着手心,以免药液腐蚀标签,B项错误. 滴瓶中配有的胶头滴管必须专管专用,防止因混用而引起药品污染,若不是滴瓶配有的胶头滴管,在取用完一种药品后,必须洗净才可吸取其他药品,C项错误.答案:D4.下列实验操作正确的是( )解析:不能用燃着的酒精灯去点燃另一盏酒精灯,否则会引起火灾,A项错误;托盘天平只能精确到0.1 g,不能称量10.05 g的固体,B项错误;应选用略大于液体体积的量筒去量取,过大会引起较大的误差,D项错误.答案:C5.下列实验操作中,不是从人身安全因素考虑的是( )A.酒精灯在不使用时,必须盖上灯帽B.给试管里的固体加热时,试管口应略向下倾斜,外壁干燥后再预热C.给试管里的液体加热时,试管口应略向上倾斜(约45°角),外壁干燥后再预热D.用氢气还原氧化铜时,应先通一会儿氢气,再加热氧化铜答案:A6.实验室常用氢氧化钠溶液吸收氯化氢尾气,以防止环境污染. 下列既能吸收尾气,又能防止溶液倒吸的装置是( )答案:B7.下列有关化学实验操作中“先”与“后”的说法错误的是( )A.用排水法收集气体后,先移出导管后撤酒精灯B.给试管加热时,先均匀加热,后局部加热C.碱液流到桌子上,先用稀醋酸溶液中和,后用水洗D.浓硫酸不慎洒到皮肤上,先涂上质量分数为3%~5%的NaHCO3溶液,后用水冲洗答案:D8.每个公民都应该有安全意识,近几年频繁发生的有关化学品泄漏或爆炸事件一次又一次给我们敲响了警钟. 下列做法存在安全隐患的是( )①将水沿着烧杯内壁缓缓加入到浓H2SO4中,并用玻璃棒不断搅拌②给试管中的液体加热时,应将试管倾斜,试管口斜向上,与桌面成45°角,直接集中在药品处加热③夜间发生厨房煤气泄漏,应立即开灯检查煤气泄漏的原因,并打开所有门窗通风④废旧电池应回收处理⑤不慎将浓H2SO4沾在皮肤上,立即用NaOH溶液冲洗⑥氢气还原氧化铜实验中先加热再通氢气A.全部B.①②③⑤⑥C.①③⑤⑥ D.③⑤⑥解析:本题以实验的安全意识为切入点,考查化学用品、实验操作等方面的安全问题. 稀释浓H2SO4时,应将浓H2SO4沿烧杯内壁缓缓倒入水中,并用玻璃棒不断搅拌,①操作错误. 加热液体时应先预热,然后集中在药品处加热,②操作错误. 发现煤气泄漏时不能开灯,因为开灯会产生电火花,可引燃煤气而爆炸,③操作错误. 浓H2SO4沾在皮肤上不能用NaOH 溶液冲洗,应先用干抹布擦拭,再用NaHCO3溶液冲洗,⑤操作错误. H2还原CuO时,如果先加热再通H2,则H2与空气混合受热可能会引起爆炸,⑥操作错误. 故选B.答案:B1.1.1化学实验安全课时作业时间:45分钟满分:100分一、选择题(每小题4分,共44分)1.进行化学实验必须注意安全,下列说法中正确的组合是( )①点燃氢气前要检验氢气的纯度,以免发生爆炸②CO气体有毒,处理CO气体时可将其点燃,转化为无毒的CO2③在盛O2的集气瓶中进行铁丝燃烧实验时,事先在集气瓶底部铺上一层沙子④用氢气还原氧化铜时,先加热再通入氢气,以免浪费氢气⑤稀释浓硫酸的操作如右上图所示A.①②③④B.①②③C.①②④D.①②③④⑤解析:内容指向·联系分析结论①氢气易燃易爆,点燃前必须检验其纯度√②CO有毒但具有可燃性,点燃时生成的CO2无毒√③铁燃烧生成的Fe3O4温度很高,直接落到集气瓶底部,会导致集气瓶炸裂√④氢气易燃易爆,故应先通入氢气,赶走装置中的空气,待排出的氢气纯净后,才能加热氧化铜×⑤稀释浓硫酸时应将浓硫酸沿容器内壁加入到水中×2.下列实验操作先后顺序正确的是( )A.先装好药品,再检查装置的气密性B.先用双手握紧试管,再将导管插入水中检查装置气密性C.结束氢气还原氧化铜的实验时,先熄灭酒精灯后撤出导管D.稀释硫酸时,先在烧杯里倒入浓硫酸,再小心倒入水并不断搅拌答案:C3.做化学实验时,必须十分重视安全和环保问题。

高中化学必修一课时作业1化学实验安全 过滤和蒸发+Word版含解析

高中化学必修一课时作业1化学实验安全 过滤和蒸发+Word版含解析

课时作业1化学实验安全过滤和蒸发一、选择题1.图标所警示的是()A.当心火灾——氧化物B.当心火灾——易燃物质C.当心爆炸——自燃物质D.当心爆炸——爆炸性物质【解析】图标画的是火苗的形状,因此表示易燃物质,当心火灾。

【答案】 B2.根据中国民航总局规定,旅客乘坐飞机时,可以较大量随身携带的物质是()A.硫黄B.氯酸钾C.硝酸钾D.碘盐【解析】硫黄是易燃品,氯酸钾、硝酸钾是易爆品。

易燃、易爆、腐蚀品等是旅客乘坐飞机时的禁带物品。

【答案】 D3.进行化学实验必须注意安全,下列说法中不正确的是() A.不慎将酸溅到眼中,应立即用水冲洗,边洗边眨眼睛B.不慎将浓碱溶液沾到皮肤上,要立即用大量水冲洗,然后涂上硼酸溶液C.如果较多浓H2SO4沾到皮肤上,可立即用大量水冲洗,然后涂上硼酸溶液D.如果少量酒精失火燃烧,可用湿抹布盖灭火焰【解析】较多浓H2SO4沾到皮肤上应先用柔软的布或纸拭去,然后再用大量水冲先,最后涂上3%~5%的NaHCO3溶液;如果先用水冲洗,则浓H2SO4溶于水放出大量的热,会灼伤皮肤。

【答案】 C4.有些化学仪器加热时需要放在石棉网上,但也有一些仪器可以直接在酒精灯上加热,下列各组仪器中可以用酒精灯直接加热的一组是()A.试管、蒸发皿B.试管、烧杯C.试管、平底烧瓶D.蒸发皿、圆底烧瓶【解析】烧杯、平底烧瓶、圆底烧瓶均不能直接在酒精灯上加热,需放在石棉网上加热。

【答案】 A5.某同学设计实验验证海带中含有碘,其第一步操作是将足量海带灼烧成灰烬。

该过程中将使用到:①试管、②瓷坩埚、③坩埚钳、④泥三角、⑤酒精灯、⑥烧杯、⑦量筒中的硅酸盐质实验仪器有()A.⑤⑥B.①⑤C.②③⑤D.②④⑤【解析】灼烧固体要用到坩埚,而坩埚要放在泥三角上,此外还需要用酒精灯加热。

坩埚钳为金属仪器。

【答案】 D6.下图所示的实验操作中,正确的是()【解析】取用药品时,不能用手拿,A选项错误;向试管中滴加液体时,胶头滴管不能伸入试管中,C选项错误;托盘天平称量药品时应左物右码,药品不能直接接触托盘,且只能精确到0.1 g,D 选项错误。

必修一课时作业全体答案

必修一课时作业全体答案

Book 1 unit 1课时作业(一)答案第一部分:I 1. entirely 2. series 3. thunder 4. dusty 5. curtainII.1. upset 2. exactly 3. power 4. outdoors 5. ignored 6. recovered 7. lonely 8. settled 9. grateful10. looseIII. 1. ignore 2. points 3. power 4. add 5 concerned about第二部分:选择填空1-5 AADAA 6-10 DAACC 11-15 CBDDC第三部分: 阅读理解1-4BBDB课时作业(二)答案第一部分单词拼写1. teenagers2. overcoat3. disagreed4. set5. joined完成句子1.settle down2.suffered great pain3.has got tired of dong4.is getting along well with5.recovered第二部分:完型填空: 16-20 BAACD 21-25ADBBA 26-30 ACDBA 31-35 DBAAD课时作业(三)答案第一部分单项填空1-15 BABCD BCCBC ADCAB第二部分阅读1-8 BCDC BBAC课时作业(四)答案I. 1. that she hadn’t meant to hurt me2. whether / if I would stay at home alone that weekend3. what I wanted to get as a present on my birthday4. what they would eat that day5. he was sure Robin could win the match the next dayII. 1. Why are you so worried about the exam?2. I have lived in this city for about three years.3. Will you ask for leave since you are not well?4. What’s the matter with you?5. I can lift up the big stone,III. 1. so that; could2. with; in his hand3. didn’t recognize; until4. happened to see5. It is the second time thatI. 1. 第二个I前加whether 2. did改为do;was改为is3. that改为why / whether / if4. will he改为he would5. didn’t hear改为hadn’t heard第二部分选择填空ADCDC BDCDD CBDBD完形填空36-40 ADBCA 41-45 DDABA 46-50 DCDDC 51-55 BACCDBook 1 unit 2 课时作业(一)答案第一部分1. Western2. vocabulary3. native4. included5.gas6.international7. modern8. government9. cultures 10.present(二)单项选择1-5 ACDBB 6-10 DDBDB(四)阅读理解31-35 DDCAC课时作业(二)答案第一部分(一).根据首字母提示完成句子。

2020-2021学年高一英语牛津译林版(2020)必修一同步课时作业(1):Unit 1 Bac

2020-2021学年高一英语牛津译林版(2020)必修一同步课时作业(1):Unit 1 Bac

姓名,年级:时间:2020—2021学年高一英语牛津译林版(2020)必修第一册同步课时作业(1)Unit 1 Welcome to the unit &Reading一、填空1.She grasped every opportunity ____________(improve) her oral English in the class.2。

Don’t expect a junior high school student to rise ____________ the occasion like that。

3.Most answers lie ____________ the data you collect from your customer interactions。

4。

Jonathan, as a young man with a warm heart, wants to be a man who can make ____________ difference to society.5。

They choose to work for themselves because they enjoy ____________(independent), not because they want to hide from their colleagues. 6。

Humans exploit natural ____________(resource) such as coal, oil and copper.7.His books always dealt with serious subjects including____________(responsible), peace and protecting the environment.8.I was ____________(amaze) at her knowledge of French literature.9.Mike found a ____________(challenge) job as a computer programmer。

高中生物必修一课时评价作业答案

高中生物必修一课时评价作业答案

高中生物必修一课时评价作业答案第1节从生物圈到细胞p4 讨论1. 履虫除了能够顺利完成运动和对立外,还能够顺利完成摄食、体温、生长、应当激素等活动。

如果没存有完备的细胞机构,草履虫不可能将顺利完成这些生命活动。

2. 在子女和父母之间,精子和卵细胞充当了遗传物质的桥梁。

父亲产生的精子细胞和母亲产生的卵细胞通过受精作用形成受精卵,受精卵在子宫中发育成胚胎,胚胎进一步发育成胎儿。

胚胎发育通过细胞分裂、分化等过程实现。

3 顺利完成一个直观的特雷县散射须要许多总类的细胞参予,例如由传至神经末梢构成的感受器、感觉神经元、中间神经元、运动神经元、有关的骨骼肌细胞,等等。

人的自学活动须要种类和数量多样的细胞参予。

由细胞共同组成非政府,由非政府形成器官,由器官构成系统,多种系统协作,就可以顺利完成自学活动。

自学活动牵涉人体的多种细胞,但主要就是神经细胞的参予。

4.例如,胰岛细胞受损容易导致胰岛素依赖型糖尿病,脊髓中的运动神经元受损容易导致相应的肢体瘫痪;大脑皮层上的听觉神经元受损可导致听觉发生障碍,等等。

5.比如,生物体的运动有赖于细胞;激动的传导有赖于神经细胞;腺体的排泄有赖于腺上皮细胞,等等。

p6 思考与讨论1. 如果把龟改成人,图中其他各层次的名称维持不变,但具体内容可以发生变化。

比如,心脏应属二心房、二心室;种群应属同一区域的所有人,等等。

应表示的就是,生物圈只有一个。

如果改成一棵树,图中应当换成“系统”这个层次,细胞、非政府、器官、种群的具体内容也可以发生改变。

如果改成一只草履虫,细胞本身就是个体,没非政府、器官、系统的层次。

2. 细胞层次:其他层次都是建立在细胞这一层次的基础之上,没有细胞就没有组织、器官、系统等层次。

另一方面,生物体中的每个细胞具有相对的独立性,能独立完成一系列的生命活动,某些生物体还是由单细胞构成的。

3. 一个分子或原子就是一个系统,但不是生命系统,因为生命系统能够顺利完成一定的生命活动,仅靠一个分子或一个原子就是不可能将顺利完成生命活动的。

高一化学必修一作业本及答案化学必修1课时作业答案

高一化学必修一作业本及答案化学必修1课时作业答案

高一化学必修一作业本及答案化学必修1课时作业答案一、选择题1.表示式2760Co中的“60”表示()A.钴的一种同位素的相对原子质量是60B.钴元素的一种同位素的质量数是60C.钴的相对原子质量是60D.钴元素的质量数是6060Co表示钴元素的一种同位素原子的质量数为60。

B2.23He可以作为核聚变材料。

下列关于23He的叙述正确的是()A.23He和13H互为同位素B.23He原子核内中子数为2C.23He原子核内质子数为2D.23He代表原子核内有2个质子和3个中子的氦原子23He核内质子数为2,13H核内质子数为1,两者质子数不等,不是同位素,A不正确。

23He核内中子数为1,B不正确,C正确。

23He代表原子核内有2个质子和1个中子的He原子,D不正确。

C3.下列粒子中,电子数大于质子数且质子数大于中子数的是()A.D2OB.Li+C.OD-D.OH-分子中电子数等于质子数,所以A项排除;B项阳离子的电子数小于质子数,所以B项排除;C项OD-的质子数为9而中子数也为9。

所以正确答案为D项。

D4.对于原子核外电子运动状态的认识是有关原子结构研究中的重大成果,下列说法中不正确的是()A.原子核外的电子是作无规律运动的B.原子核外电子的运动是有规律的,并且这个规律已经被人们认识到了很高的程度C.可以近似认为原子核外电子是分层排布的D.原子核外电子是清晰而又严格的分层排布的原子核外电子的运动是有规律的,但这个规律不同于宏观物体的运动规律。

“分层排布”是对原子核外电子运动的状态作近似描述的方法,这种描述与电子运动的实际状态还有一定的差别。

AD5.某元素R的阴离子R2-核外共有a个电子,核内有b个中子,则表示R原子的符号正确的是()R2-代表的是R原子获得了2个电子,所以R原子的电子数为a-2,即有a-2个质子,那么质量数为b+a-2,表示为D6.下列说法不正确的是()①质子数相同的粒子一定为同一种元素②同一元素的核素种数由中子数决定③同位素的化学性质几乎相同④质子数相同、电子数也相同的两种粒子,不可能是一种分子和一种离子⑤Cl2中35Cl与37Cl两种核素的个数之比与HCl中35Cl与37Cl的个数之比相等A.③B.④C.②⑤D.①本题考查元素、核素、同位素的概念。

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高二政治必修一第一课课时作业一、选择题1.目前,中国在5G技术研发等方面已开始布局,相比4G每秒100Mb的峰值速率,5G理论值将达到每秒10Gb,人们希望的技术进步应该既要方便也要实惠,“好用不贵”才应该是信息服务的关键词。

这一关键词意为A.商品的实用价值决定商品价格B.商品是使用价值与价值的统一C.消费者购物目的仅在使用价值D.科学技术决定商品的价值总量2.在《中共中央国务院关于开展质量提升行动的指导意见》中明确指出,提高供给侧质量是供给侧结构性改革的主攻方向,全面提高产品和服务质量是提升供给体系的中心任务。

为此,国家开展质量提升行动,这是因为:①商品的使用价值会影响人们的消费选择②商品的使用价值决定了商品的交换价值③商品的质量与商品的使用价值密切相关④商品的质量是衡量价值大小的天然尺度A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④3.人类最初的交换是直接的物物交换,但是,在交易的范围扩大品种增加时,这种交换就显得非常困难。

人们为了克服这些困难,就先把自己的东西换成市场上大家普遍乐意接受的商品,然后再用这种商品去换回自己所需要的东西。

这种大家普遍乐意接受的商品就叫一般等价物。

下列有关一般等价物的说法正确的是()①以一般等价物为媒介的商品交换就叫作商品流通②一般等价物表现其他一切商品的价值,充当商品交换媒介③在人类历史上只有金银等贵重金属充当过一般等价物④从商品中分离出来固定地充当一般等价物的商品就是货币A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④4.中国人民银行2019年9月10日发行中华人民共和国成立70周年金银纪念币一套,这套纪念币2金4银共6枚,金币有150克圆形金质纪念币1枚,8克圆形金质纪念币1枚;银币有1公斤圆形银质纪念币1枚,150克圆形银质纪念币1枚,30克圆形银质纪念币2枚,该套纪念币均为中华人民共和国法定货币。

下列关于该纪念币的说法错误的是①本质是一般等价物,能够与一切商品相交换②是特殊商品,具有使用价值和价值③不是商品,只有使用价值,没有价值④其基本职能是支付手段和流通手段A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④5.古希腊诗人荷马的诗篇中,曾提到这样的交换关系:1个奴隶=4头公牛,一个铜制的三角架=12头公牛。

由此可以推断,这里的“公牛”①可以表现其他商品的价值②借助于其他商品来衡量自身价值③能够充当商品流通的媒介④可促进商品交换的顺利进行A.①③B.①④C.②③D.②④6.金银条块、金属铸币、纸币、电子货币的出现各有其历史作用。

下列对应正确的是①纸币——代替货币执行流通手段职能②金属铸币——促进商品流通③金银条块——物物交换得以成功的前提④电子货币——减少市场上的纸币流通量A.①④B.①②C.③④D.②③7.我国数字货币研发工作正在深圳、苏州等地进行内部封闭试点测试数字货币定位于现金的替代。

有国家信用担保。

任何人都不能拒绝接受通过装有数字钱包的手机,不需连接网络。

就能把-个人的数字货币转给另-个人这表明数字货币()①是货币发展的新阶段,其本质是-种电子支付卡②能够使结算更加方便,有利于促进交易效率提高③能够降低货币发行流通成本。

实现资源有效利用④会提高货币流通速度,将推动物价全面持续上涨A.①③B.①④C.②③D.②④8.央行数字货币是经国务院批准计划发行的法定数字货币。

人民银行把数字货币和电子支付工具结合起来,将推出一揽子计划,目标是替代一部分现金。

2019年12月,中国人民银行行长易纲表示,中国央行从2014年就开始研究数字货币,已取得了积极进展。

这表明()①发行数字货币创新了货币的形态,改变了货币的本质②央行数字货币可以代替纸币流通,可以降低通货膨胀的风险③央行数字货币是国家的法定货币,能够执行货币的基本职能④使用数字货币能方便消费和结算,能够减少现金的使用A.①②B.②③C.③④D.①④9.1000年前,世界上第一张纸币“交子”诞生在中国,推动人类货币史前进了一大步;1000年后,中国人民银行有望成为全球首个推出数字货币的央行,再次引领货币金融领域的新变革。

通俗地来说,央行数字货币就是货币的数字化,“只要你我手机上都有DC/EP的数字钱包,连网络都不需要,只要手机有电,两个手机碰一碰,就能把一个人数字钱包里的数字货币,转给另一个人。

”双离线交易、碰一碰支付、可不设立银行账户……央行数字货币的创新功能让许多人眼前一亮。

下列对我国将使用“法定数字货币”的推论正确的是①法定数字货币采用新技术,使用后能增加货币职能②“点对点”支付节省中间环节,提高贸易的便捷性③数字货币的使用让消费信息更加透明,增进企业合作④我国优先将数字货币用于国际贸易结算,有利于推进人民币国际化A.①③B.①④C.②③D.②④10.2018年“十一”期间,李女士看中了一辆标价为18.6万元的轿车,经过讨价还价,她支付17.3万元买下该车,并缴纳车辆购置税1.05万元。

在上述材料中①标价18.6万元,货币执行了价值尺度职能②支付17.3万元,货币执行了支付手段职能③缴纳购置税1.05万元,货币履行了支付手段职能④17.3万元和1.05万元都充当了商品交换的媒介A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④11.“以你所需换我所求”,时下换物网站日渐火爆起来,正为时尚白领所追捧。

借助当今的高科技网络平台,这种在货币被发明之前的原始交易方式得到了“新生”。

利用网络换物()①突破了原有交换在时空上的限制②是一种新的商品流通方式③使换客获得了商品的使用价值和价值④使交换物品的使用价值最大化,减少了资源浪费A.①②B.①③C.①④D.③④12.《中国第三方支付行业数据发布报告》显示,2019年上半年,第三方移动支付交易规模约110。

4万亿元,线下扫码支付市场交易规模约15.4万亿元,用户扫码习惯已经逐步养成。

在其他条件不变的情况下,第三方移动支付的广泛运用将①加快货币流通速度②减少流通中所需的货币量③增加货币实际供应量④体现了货币的支付手段职能A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④13.为适应人民币流通使用发展变化,我国将发行2019年版第五套人民币,涉及50元、20元等面值。

在保持主图案等要素不变的前提下,对票面效果、防伪特征等进行调整,以提高防伪能力和印制质量。

对此理解正确的是A.国家可以规定纸币的面值和购买力B.发行新版纸币可以有效防止通货膨胀C.新版纸币发行将提高货币流通速度D.发行新版纸币能更好维护人民币信誉14.中国人民银行决定,从2018年7月5日起,下调国有大型商业银行、股份制商业银行、邮政储蓄银行、城市商业银行、非县域农村商业银行、外资银行人民币存款准备金率0.5个百分点。

下列选项中能正确描述该政策对经济带来的影响的有:①增加市场上货币供应量,改善资金流动②降低企业融资成本,提高经济效益③金融机构信贷能力增强,贷款收益增加④贷款环境有望宽松,刺激社会需求A.①③B.②③C.①④D.②④15.某国是铁矿石、石油等大宗商品(以美元计价)的进口国。

当美元指数持续上涨时,该国面临通货膨胀的压力。

不考虑其他因素的影响,这一传导过程是①进口原材料成本上升②居民消费价格上涨③生产者出厂价格上涨④生产者购进价格上涨A.①→④→③→②B.①→④→②→③C.④→①→③→②D.④→①→②→③16.2015年,某国宏观经济形势如下:产能利用率不足;固定资产投资同比下降4.0%;居民消费价格指数(CPI)增幅从2.5%下跌至1%,低于国际公认的合理值3%。

据此,预防通货紧缩成为关注的焦点。

若不考虑其他因素,可能引发通货紧缩的传导路径是( )①产能过剩→工业品供过于求→工业品价格走低→企业利润下滑②消费低迷→消费品供过于求→消费品价格走低③社会总供给大于社会总需求→物价总水平持续下跌④企业投资萎缩→失业率上升→居民收入下降A.①→④→②→③B.④→①→③→②C.①→③→④→②D.④→②→①→③17.2019年3月18日,中国人民银行发布《人民币图样使用管理办法》修订稿指出:“禁止在祭祀用品、生活易耗品、票券等物品上使用人民币图样。

”中国人民银行规范人民币图样的使用行为旨在A.维护我国人民币的币值稳定B.防止通货膨胀C.维护人民币信誉和流通秩序D.防止通货紧缩18.在下列选项中,对于增加纸币发行量、物价上涨与通货膨胀三者关系的说法正确的是( )A.只要增加纸币量,就必然引起通货膨胀,导致物价上涨B.物价上涨总是因为增加纸币发行量引起的,其本质是通货膨胀C.纸币发行量超过了流通中实际需要的货币量会引起通货膨胀和物价上涨D.物价上涨必然导致增加纸币发行量和通货膨胀19.中国外汇交易中心的数据显示,2019年月9日人民币对美元汇率中间价报7.0136,较前一交易日下跌97个基点。

这一现象可能的原因及影响的传导路径是①美元加息及我国经济增速放缓→市场预期人民币会持续贬值②国内销售市场竞争减少→国产货物的销量增加→就业岗位增加③国内资本外流人民币相对贬值一进口成本增加→进口数量减少④投资者持有美元资产以保值意愿增强→将人民币兑换成美元A.①④②③B.①④③②C.④①③②D.③②①④20.中国人民银行发布消息称,已经与英格兰银行(英国央行)续签了中英双边本币互换协议,协议规模为3500亿元人民币/400亿英镑,今后两国在进行贸易结算时可以使用人民币或英镑。

这对我国经济的影响是①人民币对英镑的汇率上升,人民币升值②规避美元波动风险,维护金融市场稳定③提高央行货币政策的灵活性和效率④促进中英经贸往来,提高人民币国际地位A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④21.甲国货币对乙国货币的汇率(甲国货币/1单位乙国货币)走势见如图。

在其他条件不变情况下,该汇率走势对甲国经济可能产生的影响有①吸引乙国游客前往甲国旅游②扩大甲国商品对乙国的出口③增加甲国对乙国商品的进口④扩大甲国对乙国的投资规模A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④22.2019年3月24日,银行间外汇市场人民币汇率中间价为1日=0.06111人民币,较去年同期的0.06001有所变化,这对我国对外经济造成重要影响。

若不考虑其他因素,下列推断正确的是( )A.日元升值→中国商品在日本市场的价格下降→不利于中国商品出口日本B.日元贬值→日本商品在中国市场的价格上升→有利于中国进口日本商品C.人民币升值→中国企业在日本投资成本下降→有利于中国企业在日本投资D.人民币贬值→中国企业在日本投资成本上升→不利于中国企业在日本投资23.近年来,“网红经济”渐成规模,随处可见网红推荐产品、海外代购网红潮鞋、排队购买网红奶茶等。

互联网时代催生“网红经济”快速生长,但与此同时,虚假宣传、产品质量,等问题也不断出现。

下列关于这一现象认识错误的是①消费者的从众心理刺激了网红消费需求②网红产品的价位是使用价位的承担者③网红经济是消费水平提高的重要动力④网红的聚众效应促使商品价值快速实现A.①②B.②③C.①④D.③④24.2020年春季,因防控疫情需要,各地中小学校延期开学,教育部提出“停课不停学”的建议。

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