合肥市中考英语 英语 语法填空专题练习(及答案)

合肥市中考英语英语语法填空专题练习(及答案)

一、英语语法填空

1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。

Next time you hold a book in your hands, stop and think. Like most other things in the modern world, it is the result of thousands of years of human invention.

First, came the invention of writing, ________(probable) .about 5, 500 years ago. With writing, people did not have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people that they never________ (see) and share their knowledge with insure generations. Later, the Greeks were well-known for their literature (文学) and science, but their "books" looked very different ________the books of today. They were called scrolls (卷轴). They were difficult to use and took a lot of space in a library. About 2,000 years ago, books with lots of pages________ (invent).

For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal skin. That changed in ________thirteenth century, when Europeans learned about a very ________(use) Chinese invention: paper.

But the biggest change for books in Europe came in 1439, when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. Many more people could afford the books ________were produced on a printing press.

These days it is difficult ________(imagine) a world without books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more________ (story) are bought as e-books and read on a screen.

Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in the future, ________will books, like scrolls, soon disappear?

【答案】probably；saw；from；were invented；the；useful；that/which；to imagine；stories；or

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了书的历史。

（1）句意：首先，书写的发明可能在大约5500年前。副词修饰动词came，probable是形容词，probably是副词，故填probably。

（2）句意：他们可以与从未见过的人交流，并与保险公司的几代人分享他们的知识。根据5, 500 years ago可知时态是一般过去时，see的过去式是saw，故填saw。

（3）句意：后来，希腊人因他们的文学和科学而闻名，但是他们的“书”看起来和今天的书大不相同。be different from，固定搭配，与……不同，故填from。

（4）句意：大约2000年前，有很多页的书4被发明。根据2000年前是一般过去时，invent和pages是被动关系，主语是名词复数，故助动词是were，故填 were invented。（5）句意：这种情况在13世纪发生了变化，当时欧洲人了解到一项非常有用的中国发明，纸。根据thirteenth是序数词，其前是定冠词the，故填the。

（6）句意：这种情况在13世纪发生了变化，当时欧洲人了解到一项非常有用的中国发明，纸。invention是名词，其前是形容词，use是动词，useful是形容词，故填 useful。（7）句意：更多的人买得起印刷机上生产的书。定语从句缺少主语，指代先行词

books，故用关系代词that/which指代，故填 that/which。

（8）句意：如今，没有书的世界很难想象。it's+形容词+to so，固定搭配，做某事很……，故填 to imagine。

（9）句意：每年，都有更多的故事以电子书的形式被购买并在屏幕上阅读。此处缺少主语，根据are可知是名词复数，story是名词，故填 stories。

（10）句意：将来会有人翻过传统书籍的书页吗？像卷轴一样的书会很快消失吗？连接疑问句表示并列关系用or，故填or。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

2．语法填空

Dear Auntie Em,

Great news! Mrs Mumford just told me I had been chosen as one of the school________(student)to visit the University of Cape Town in South Africa this summer！She said the programme________(design)for some of the brighter teenagers to experience a different culture.________a good chance！

The only problem is: Mum and Dad________(simple)won't let me go. They said it was dangerous for me, a girl, ________(travel)alone. But my guess is that they think it too expensive. I kept telling________(they)I had been on a plane alone to visit you in Texas before. They needn't worry about me________this trip would be almost the same as that one.________(but)they just won't listen!

Will you help, Auntie Em? It will be________very important experience to my personal growth. Love, (and love you even________(much)if you manage to make Mum & Dad agree with me.

)

【答案】students；was designed；What；simply；to travel；them；because/as；But；a；more

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了作者因无法参观南非开普敦大学而向Auntie Em求助。（1）句意：芒福德夫人刚刚告诉我，我被选为今年夏天参观南非开普敦大学的学生之一！one of+限定词+名词复数，故填students。

（2）句意：她说这个项目是为了让一些聪明的青少年体验不同的文化而设立的。design 和programme是被动关系，主句是一般过去时，故从句是过去式的被动语态，主语是program么me，单数名词，故助动词是was，故填 was designed。

（3）句意：多好的机会啊！根据 a good chance 可知此处是感叹名词chance，故用what，故填What。

（4）句意：妈妈和爸爸绝对不会让我走。副词修饰动词let，simply是副词，绝对地，故填simply。

（5）句意：他们说这对我这个独自旅行的女孩来说很危险。it's+形容词+for sb to do，固定搭配，对某人而言做某事很……，故此处是不定式，故填 to travel。

（6）句意：我不停地告诉他们，我以前曾独自乘飞机去德克萨斯州看望过你们。tell是动

词，其后是宾格做宾语，they的宾格是them，故填them。

（7）句意：他们不用担心我，因为这次旅行几乎和那次一样。从句是对主句的解释，故表示原因，故填because/as。

（8）句意：但是他们就是不听！作者安慰了父母很久，和他们就是不听表示转折故选，故是但是，故填But。

（9）句意：这对我的个人成长将是非常重要的经历。experience是名词，very以辅音音素开头，故此处用不定冠词a，表示泛指，故填a。

（10）句意：如果你能让爸爸妈妈同意我的话，我会更爱你。副词even后是比较级，much的比较级是more，故填more。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

How are American families different from Chinese ones?

In some ways American families are very different from Chinese ones, and in other ways they are ________ same. For example, American families enjoy family dinners. They support and love each other just ________ Chinese families do. The ________(different) come from culture, however. Many Chinese students are surprised to learn that American teenagers are ________(allow) to make many decisions ________ their own, and the parents want their children to leave home at eighteen.

In most American families, children are encouraged to make their own ________(choose) at a young age. They start with small choices and gradually larger ones until they graduate from high school. That is when they face ________(big) decision of their lives: what to do next. Parents and family will help with the choice, but the children themselves make the ________(finally) decision. Americans seldom move back into family homes ________ they get older. ________, they prefer to have their own lives for as long as possible. It is important to remember that these are cultural differences, and that Americans see this as part of the culture.

【答案】 the；as；differences；allowed；on；choices；the biggest；final；when；Instead 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国家庭和中国家庭的不同。

（1）句意：在某些方面，美国家庭与中国家庭非常不同，而在其他方面，他们是一样的。be the same，固定搭配，相同，故填the。

（2）句意：他们互相支持和爱，就像中国家庭一样。just as引导方式状语从句，像……一样，故填as。

（3）句意：然而又有文化的不同。the定冠词后是名词，根据谓语是动词原形come，可知主语是名词复数，different是形容词，difference是名词，故填differences。

（4）句意：许多中国学生惊讶地发现，美国青少年允许自己做很多决定，父母希望他们的孩子在18岁离开家。be allowed to do，固定搭配，允许做某事，故填allowed。

（5）句意：许多中国学生惊讶地发现，美国青少年允许自己做很多决定，父母希望他们的孩子在18岁离开家。make decisions on sth，固定搭配，做关于……的决定，故填on。（6）句意：在大多数美国家庭中，孩子们被鼓励在年幼时做出自己的选择。their形容词

性物主代词后是名词，此处表示泛指用名词复数，choose是动词，choice是名词，故填choices。

（7）句意：那是他们面临人生最大的决定：下一步该做什么。根据 of their lives 可知是最高级的比较范围，big是形容词，最高级前要有the定冠词，故填the biggest。

（8）句意：父母和家人会帮助他们做出选择，但是孩子自己会做出最后的决定。 decision 是名词其前是形容词，finally是副词，final是形容词，故填final。

（9）句意：美国人很少在他们长大后搬回家里。根据 move back into family homes 和they get older 可知此处是时间状语从句，故表示当……的时候，故是连词when，故填when。（10）句意：相反他们更喜欢尽可能长久地拥有自己的生活。此处是副词位于句首，move back into family homes 搬回家和prefer to have their own lives 拥有自己的生活，表示相反的两种结果，故填Instead。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法

4．阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Sitting at a desk in a classroom all day can be pretty boring. With a bike, the reading class can be ________ (interesting) than before.

The teachers in ________ school in the USA have tried this. The Read and Ride program ________(begin) five years ago. As part of the Read and Ride program, the teachers change the students'________ (desk) into exercise bikes. With this program, one classroom in the school has enough bikes for each student in class. ________ is possible for the students to ride bikes and read books at the same time. Even common classrooms have one bike at the back of them. The students who cannot sit still can use the bike ________ (do) exercise. The exercise bikes are not only good for the students' health but helpful in ________ (improve) the efficiency of the students' study. When students are bored with study, they can relax themselves ________ riding the bikes for a while.

After keeping trying the program for one year, the teachers found that the students ________ took part in the program did much better in reading tests. ________ amazing it is!

【答案】 more interesting；a；began；desks；It；to do；improving；by；who/that；How 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了美国的一所学校采取的一种有趣的教学方法来提高学生们的阅读能力，这种方法是边骑车边阅读。这种方法的使用收到了良好的效果。（1）句意：使用自行车，阅读课比以前更有趣。根据than，可知应使用形容词的比较级，interesting的比较级为more interesting，故答案是more interesting。

（2）句意：美国一个学校的老师尝试了这一种方法。school使用的单数形式，而且并没有特指哪一所学校，因此应使用不定冠词，school是以辅音字母开始，因此应使用不定冠词a，故答案是a。

（3）句意：边阅读边骑自行车的项目开始于五年前。根据five years ago可知应使用过去时，begin的过去式是began，故答案是began。

（4）句意：作为阅读和骑行计划的一部分，老师将学生的课桌变成了自行车。一个班里的学生不只有一个，因此课桌也就不止一个，因此应使用复数形式desks，故答案是desks。

（5）句意：对于学生来说在同一时间边骑自行车边阅读成为了可能。固定搭配，it is+形容词+for sb to do，对于某人来说做某事怎样，故答案是it。

（6）句意：那些不能坐下的学生仍然可以使用自行车做练习。做练习是使用自行车的目的，因此应使用动词不定式做目的状语，故答案是to do。

（7）句意：运动自行车不仅有利于学生们的健康，而且能够帮助学生们提高他们的学习效率。in为介词，介词后的动词使用动名词，故答案是improving。

（8）句意：他们可以通过骑一会自行车来放松。骑自行车是他们放松的方式，一般使用by来引出方式状语，故答案是by。

（9）句意：老师发现那些参加了该项目的学生在阅读考试的时候做的更好。本句为定语从句，先行词students属于人，而且在从句中做主语，因此关系代词可以使用who或者that，故答案是who/that。

（10）句意：多么令人惊奇啊！根据标点符号可知该句为感叹句，强调的是形容词amazing，因此应使用how，故答案是How。

【点评】考查单词在语境中的运用，需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。

5．阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。

People spend almost a third of their lives doing one thing—sleeping. Every year, there is a day for people around the world to celebrate the ________ (important) of good and healthy sleep—World Sleep Day.

Sleep is like food for the brain. Healthy sleep helps the body and brain grow and develop. People of different ages need different amounts of sleep. It is said that eight hours per night ________ (consider) the average amount of sleep. For students aged 10 to 17, a healthy amount is about eight to nine hours per night. However, last year, the China Youth and Children Research Center ________ (report) that about four ________ (five) of middle school students didn't get enough sleep. For some students, they want to sleep early, but they keep ________ (worry) about their schoolwork and can't fall ________ (sleep) quickly. A lack (缺乏) of sleep can greatly affect (影响) a person's life. Students who don't get enough sleep may get poor grades. They cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports.

________ (solve) this kind of problem, scientists advise that students should have ________ (little) schoolwork and more time to sleep. There are some other ways to help people get enough sleep, such as ________ (take) a 20-minute nap (午睡) during the day, trying to go to sleep earlier and so on . Good sleeping habits are also ________ (help). For example, try to go to sleep and wake up at the same time every day, even on weekends and during the day.

【答案】importance；is considered；reported；fifths；worrying/worried；asleep；To solve；less；taking；helpful

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇与睡眠有关的短文，讲述了睡眠与健康的关系，不同年龄的人需要不同的睡眠时间，中国青少年学生的睡眠现状以及解决措施等。

（1）句意：每年，世界各地都有一个节日来庆祝良好健康睡眠的重要性——世界睡眠日。由前面的定冠词the，可知此处应填入一个名词，important是形容词“重要的”，与其对应

的名词是importance“重要”，故答案填importance。

（2）句意：据说每晚8小时的睡眠时间被认为是平均睡眠时间。由题干可知主语eight hours与动词consider之间存在被动关系，所以应用被动语态，文章时态为一般现在时，时间作主语谓语动词用单数，所以be动词用is，consider的过去分词是considered，故答案填is considered。

（3）句意：然而，去年中国青少年研究中心报道。由last year可知，动词时态用一般过去时，report的过去式为reported，故答案填reported。

（4）句意：大约五分之四的中学生睡眠不足。这里考查分数的表达方法，在英语中一般用基数词表示分数的分子，用序数词表示分数的分母；当分子大于1时，分母要用复数形式，所以五分之四的正确书写是four fifths，故答案填fifths。

（5）句意：对于一些学生来说，他们想早点睡觉，但是他们总是担心他们的学业。keep doing sth.或者keep+形容词，都表示“使…处于某种状态”，worried，是形容词，故答案填worrying/worried。

（6）句意：他们不能很快入睡。联系上文语境，结合提示词可知此处句意为“他们不能很快入睡。”“入睡”fall asleep，固定词组，前面有情态动词can't，所以这里用动词原形，故答案填asleep。

（7）句意：为了解决这类问题。这里应用动词不定式表示目的，故答案填To solve。（8）句意：科学家建议学生应该少做功课，多睡觉。根据后面的more time to sleep可知此处应表达的是“作更少的功课”，句中暗含比较级，little的比较级为less，故答案填less。（9）句意：比如白天小睡20分钟。such as意思是“比如”，as是介词后接动词ing形式，故答案填taking。

（10）句意：良好的睡眠习惯也很有帮助。前面有系动词are，后接形容词作表语，help“帮助”，动词，与其对应的形容词是helpful“有帮助的、有益的”，故答案填helpful。【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

6．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

I was born and raised in Ireland and lived there until I was nineteen years old. I came to this country in 1913 where I held several jobs ________ (earn) a few dollars before enlisting in World War I.

After being discharged, I bought my own cab and have owned one ever since. ________ hasn't been too easy at times, ________ my wife takes care of our money and we have a good bit put away ________ a rainy day.

Most people think taxi drivers are tough. But I think people get the ________ impression that they are bad. Taxi drivers are just like other people. Most of them will ________ (regard) as honest fellows. I've been in the taxicab business for thirty-five years. In all my years of driving a taxicab, I have never had any trouble with the public, not ________ with drunks. Even if they get a little headstrong once in a while, I just agree with them and then they behave ________ (they).

I believe honesty is one of the greatest ________ (gift) there is. I believe in God and try to be a

good member of my parish. I try to act toward others like I think God wants me to act. I have been trying this for a long time, and the longer I try, the ________ (easy) it gets.

【答案】to earn；It；but yet；for；wrong/false；be regarded；even；themselves；gifts；easier

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作为出租车司机的作者，在几十年的职业生涯中，认识到诚实是最宝贵的品质。

（1）句意：我在1913年来到这个国家，在参加第一次世界大战之前，我做了几份工作，挣了几美元。不定式做目的状语，故填 to earn。

（2）句意：有时这并不太容易，但我的妻子打理我们的钱，我们有一个很好的储蓄，以备不时之需。it 指代上文的 I bought my own cab and have owned one 这件事，故填 It。（3）句意：有时这并不太容易，但我的妻子打理我们的钱，我们有一个很好的储蓄，以备不时之需。根据 hasn't been too easy at times 和 have a good bit put away 可知此处表示转折，故填 but/yet 。

（4）句意：有时这并不太容易，但我的妻子打理我们的钱，我们有一个很好的储蓄，以备不时之需。此处表示目的，for，介词，为了，故填 for。

（5）句意：但是我认为人们错误的认为他们是坏的。 impression是名词，其前是形容词做定语，根据Taxi drivers are just like other people. Most of them will 6 (regard) as honest fellows 可知是错误的印象，wrong/false是形容词，错误的，故填 wrong/false。

（6）句意：他们中的大多数人将被视为诚实的人。regard与主语most of them是被动关系，根据助动词will，可知是一般将来时的被动语态，故填 be regarded。

（7）句意：在我开出租车的这些年里，我从来没有遇到过公众的麻烦，即使是酒鬼。根据 I have never had any trouble 可知此处是副词修饰介词短语，even，即使，是副词，加强语气，故填 even。

（8）句意：即使他们偶尔有点倔强，我也只是同意他们的意见，然后他们就会规规矩矩地行事。behave oneself，固定搭配，规规矩矩，主语是they，故反身代词是themselves，故填 themselves。

（9）句意：我相信诚实是最好的礼物之一。one of 后是名词复数，gift是名词，故填gifts。

（10）句意：我已经尝试这个很长时间了，而且我尝试的时间越长，它就变得越容易。the+比较级，the+比较级，固定搭配，越……越，故此处是比较级，easy的比较级是easier，故填 easier。

【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

7．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式，每空最多两个词。

One day, Thomas Edison came home from school and gave a letter to his mother. He ________ (tell) her, "My teacher gave this letter to me and asked me to give it to my mother

only." His ________ (mother) eyes were full of tears as she read ________ letter out loud to her child, "Your son is a genius (天才). This school is too small ________ him and doesn't have enough good teachers to train him. Please teach him ________ (you)."

Many years after Edison's mother had died, Edison became one of the ________ (great) inventors of the century. One day, he was going through the old closet (壁柜) and he found a folded letter which ________ (give) to him by his teacher for his mother. He opened it. The message ________ (write) on the letter was, "Your son is mentally (精神上) ill. We cannot let him attend our school any more, he has to leave the school."

________ surprised and excited Edison was after reading it! And then he wrote in his diary, "Thomas Alva Edison was a mentally ill child, but his mother turned him into the genius of the century ________(success)."

【答案】told；mother's；the；for；yourself；greatest；was given；written；How；successfully

【解析】【分析】文章大意：托马斯·爱迪生放学回家，他的老师把一封信只给他母亲。当她大声地读信给他时，母亲的眼睛里充满了泪水，“你的儿子是个天才。”这所学校太小了，没有足够的好老师来训练他。请你自己教他。”爱迪生母亲去世多年后，爱迪生成为本世纪最伟大的发明家之一。有一天，他穿过旧壁橱，发现一封叠好的信，是老师给他妈妈的。他打开了它。信上写着：“你儿子精神病了。我们不能让他再进我们学校了，他必须离开学校。”爱迪生看完后是多么的惊讶和兴奋！然后他在日记中写道：“托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生是个精神病儿童，但他的母亲成功地把他变成了本世纪的天才。”

（1）考查一般过去时。句意：他告诉她，“我的老师把这封信给了我，让我把它只给我母亲。”根据上句中的谓语动词came和gave，可知要用一般过去时，tell的过去式told，故答案为：told。

（2）考查名词所有格。句意：当她大声读给孩子的信时，他母亲的眼睛里满是泪水。eyes 与mother之间是所属关系，要用名词所有格。mother's，故答案为：mother's。

（3）考查不定冠词。句意：当她大声读给孩子的信时，他母亲的眼睛里满是泪水。根据My teacher gave this letter to me，可知这里妈妈读的信，是特指老师给她的那封，表特指用定冠词the，故答案为：the。

（4）考查介词。句意：这所学校太小了，没有足够的好老师来训练他。句子的谓语动词is，him是宾格，要用介词，根据句意，对于，要用for，答案为：for。

（5）考查反身代词。句意：请你自己教他。爱迪生母亲去世多年后，爱迪生成为本世纪最伟大的发明家之一。由句子结构可知，祈使句，相当于省略主语you，是指爱迪生母亲，要用反身代词yourself 作状语，故答案为：yourself。

（6）考查形容词最高级。句意：爱迪生母亲去世多年后，爱迪生成为本世纪最伟大的发明家之一。根据one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+比较范围。......之一，固定句型。要用最高级greatest，故答案为：greatest。

（7）考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：他穿过旧壁橱，发现一封叠好的信，是老师给他妈妈的。由句子结构可知，由which引导的定语从句，先行词 a folded letter与give之间是被动关系，且主句的谓语动词found，要用一般过去时的被动语态，be（was/were）+过去分词。主语是a folded letter，单数，be要用was，give的过去分词given，故答案

为：was given。

（8）考查过去分词。句意：信上写着：“你儿子精神病了。我们不能让他再进我们学校了，他必须离开学校。句子的谓语动词是was，write是非谓语动词，且天河message与write之间是被动关系，要用过去分词作定语，write的过去分词written，故答案为：written。

（9）考查感叹句。句意：爱迪生看完后是多么的惊讶和兴奋！根据本句句末的标点符号可知，感叹句。由surprised and excited，可知是并列的形容词，对形容词感叹，要用副词how，句子开头，要大写，故答案为：How。

（10）考查副词。句意：托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生是个精神病儿童，但他的母亲成功地把他变成了本世纪的天才。由句子结构可知，修饰动词turn ，要用副词。success，成功，名词；形容词successful；副词successfully。故答案为：successfully。

【点评】考查语法填空。主要涉及的名词所有格、副词、形容词最高级、一般过去时的被动语态、感叹句等。

8．根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中空白处填写一个正确单词。

This is a true story. Debbie and her husband, Billy, had an ________ (argue) about another woman—his mother. "You two haven't had dinner together for so long," Debbie said.

Billy replied, "My busy job casts most of my time. My mother will be happy w________ she meet you and the two lovely granddaughters."

"But you are the son and tomorrow is Mother's Day. I ________ (order) for you both at Fashion Restaurant for tomorrow at 7: 00 p. m." his wife said. 'Tell mother ________ the dinner."

"Hello, mon, would you like to go to the Fashion Restaurant tomorrow night for dinner? You know, it's Mother's Day." Hearing this, his mother felt very ________ (worry). She thought maybe ________ was something wrong with them." Don't worry, Mom," the son explained. "The family is great. I just think it'll be fun if only two of us go out, like we d________ in the old day."

The next day Billy picked up his mother ________ (happy). They drove to the restaurant and sat at the same table they sat 30 years ago. Billy's mother said she needed to tell ________ (he) one thing first. "Billy, I know you have to work hard to be ________ (success), but make sure you spend as much time with your family as possible."

【答案】argument；when；ordered；about；worried；there；did；happily；him；successful

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Debbie的丈夫Billy工作忙碌，没时间和家人一起吃饭，Debbie 在母亲节前一天打电话给母亲明天一起吃饭，母亲教育儿子要尽可能多地陪伴家人。（1）句意：Debbie和丈夫Billy关于另一个女士——他的妈妈有争论。an后面用可数名词单数，argue是实义动词，其名词是argument，故填argument。

（2）句意：当妈妈见到你和两个可爱的孙女时我妈妈将是高兴的。根据句意可知表示当……时候，所以用when，故填when。

（3）句意：我为你们两个在明天晚上7点在风尚餐馆订位了。根据句意可知已经订位了，所以用一般过去时，即ordered，故填ordered。

（4）句意：告诉妈妈关于这次晚饭。tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事，故填about。