经闭孔Monarc悬吊术治疗女性压力性尿失禁的临床研究_任选义
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论著
经闭孔Monarc悬吊术治疗女性压力性尿失禁的临床研究
任选义1,2,张雪培2,魏金星2,刘建华1,2
(1. 开封市第一人民医院泌尿外科,河南开封475000 ;2.郑州大学第一附属医院泌尿外科,河南郑州
450052)
A clinical study of transobturator Monarc tape in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence
REN Xuan-yi1, 2, ZHANG Xue-pei2, WEI Jin-xing2, LIU Jian-hua1
(1. Department of Urology, the First people’s Hospital of Kaifeng, Kaifeng 475000; 2. Department of Urology, the
First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China)
ABSTRACT: Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transobturator Monarc tension-free tape for the
treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods The clinical data of SUI cases treated with
Monarc procedure during Oct. 2008 to Sept. 2010 were analyzed, including general condition, operative
procedures, cure rate and complications. Results 74 cases were selected, who aged 36~79 years, delivered l~6
times and had a disease course of 4~25 years. All operations were successful, with the operation time being 17~23
min, and blood loss 35~105 ml. No bladder or urethra injuries were found. 3 cases of dysuresia, 3 cases of urgent
urination, and 2 cases of thigh pain occurred, and the symptoms were relieved after management. During the
follow-up of 2~4 years, 70 cases were cured, 3 cases improved and 1 case failed. 6 weeks, 6, 12 and 24 months
after the operation, the cure rate was 94.6%, 93.2%, 91.9% and 91.9%, respectively (P>0.05). Conclusions
Transobturator Monarc tape is safe and effective for the treatment of female SUI, with few complications and
satisfactory results.
KEYWORDS: stress urinary incontinence; Monarc; outside-in; obturator; efficacy; complications 摘要:目的探讨经闭孔Monarc悬吊术治疗女性压力性尿失禁(SUI)的疗效和安全性。方
法2008年10月~2010年09月,应用Monarc悬吊术治疗女性SUI,收集患者一般情况、围
结果共74例女性SUI参与这项研究,年龄36~79岁,病程4~25年,分娩1~6次。手术均成功,时间17~23 min,失血量35~105 mL。
术中阴道损伤3例,无膀胱尿道损伤。新发排尿困难3例、尿急3例、大腿根部疼痛2例,
收稿日期:2012-12-12修回日期:2013-02-27
基金项目:河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(No.12A320069)
通讯作者:张雪培,教授,E-mail:D2*******@
作者简介:任选义(1973-),男(汉族),临床医学博士,副主任医师. 研究方向:泌尿外科微创技术. E-mail:D2009049@
数字出版时间:数字出版地址:
经处理后均消退。术后70例治愈,3例改善,1例失败。随访2~4年,在6周、6、12和24月时治愈率分别为94.6%、93.2%、91.9%和91.9%(P>0.05)。结论经闭孔Monarc悬吊术治疗女性SUI手术安全,并发症少,效果良好。
关键词:压力性尿失禁;莫纳克;由外向内;闭孔;疗效;并发症
中图分类号:R699.7 文献标志码:A
压力性尿失禁(stress urinary incontinence, SUI)是中老年女性常见病,尿道无张力悬吊术(tension-free tape, TVT)是近年公认治疗女性SUI的金标准,但耻骨后入路有血管损伤和膀胱穿孔等危险[1]。作为TVT的技术更新,闭孔入路包括由外向内(transobturator tape, outside-in, TOT)和由内向外尿道中段悬吊术(transobturator tape, inside-out, TVT-O)两种技术,闭孔入路吊带走行平缓而更符合人体会阴解剖特点[2]。TVT-O较早引进我国,但腹股沟疼痛发生率相对较高[3]。Monarc悬吊术是一种TOT技术,在国内应用和报道较少[4]。为进一步探讨由外向内经闭孔尿道中段悬吊的手术安全性,我们研究了闭孔入路Monarc悬吊术治疗女性SUI的临床疗效,现报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 研究对象2008年10月~2010年09月以“尿失禁”就诊的女性患者,有SUI典型表现,咳嗽试验阳性,尿动力学诊断SUI,最大膀胱测压容量≥300m L。主要排除标准:阴道脱垂>Ⅰ°,抗尿失禁手术史,逼尿肌过度活动(detrusor overactivity,DO),残尿量(postvoid residual,PVR)>100mL。术前常规实验室检查,排泄性尿路造影,超声测PVR,测定最大尿流率(Qmax)和腹压漏尿点压(abdominal leak point pressure,ALPP)等。
74例单纯女性SUI入本组。患者年龄36~79(53.4±14.1)岁,病程4~25(17.8±8.6)年,体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)21.8~34.9(24.4±3.2)kg/m2,分娩l~6(3.6±1.5)次,ALPP 39~131(74.0±32.9)cmH2O(1 cmH2O=0.098KPa),Qmax 25~34(29.4 ±7.6)mL/s,PVR 0~25(12.0 ±7.5)mL。SUI分度诊断:轻度18例,中度42例,重度14例;分型诊断:Ⅰ型33例(ALPP >90cmH2O),Ⅱ型26例(ALPP 60~90 cmH2O),Ⅲ型15例(ALPP <60 cmH2O)。尿培养提示尿路感染2例,无症状菌尿2例。合并高血压8例、冠心病6例、糖尿病4例和慢性阻塞性肺病1例。有盆腔手术史4例。
1.2 治疗方法控制慢性内科疾患,治疗泌尿系感染。采用美国AMS公司Monarc吊带系统。患者截石位,排空膀胱。穿刺针入口在阴蒂水平线两侧旁开约4cm,切开大阴唇皮肤0.3cm。纵切尿道中段阴道前壁1.5cm,深达全层。解剖剪向尿道外侧方分离,两侧均形成一可容食指尖的尿道阴道间隙。穿刺针从一侧皮肤切口紧贴骨缘刺入,拇指置于针体弯曲部下压、前