关于2013年全国高校俄语专业四级水平测试
俄语专业四级-13
俄语专业四级-13(总分：200.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、ДИКТАНТ(总题数：1，分数：10.00)1.__________________________________________________________________________________________ [听力原文]二、АУДИРОВАНИЕ (总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Диалог (总题数：1，分数：6.00)（分数：6.00）(1).A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.[听力原文](2).A．B．C．D．A.B. √C.D.[听力原文](3).A．B．C．D．A. √B.C.D.[听力原文]四、Текст 1 (总题数：1，分数：8.00) （分数：8.00）(1).A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.[听力原文](2).A．B．C．D．A.B.C.D. √[听力原文](3).A．B．C．D．A.B. √C.D.[听力原文](4).A．B．C．D．A. √B.C.D.[听力原文]五、Текст 2 (总题数：1，分数：6.00) （分数：6.00）(1).A．B．C．D．A.B. √C.D.[听力原文](2).A．B．C．D．A. √B.C.D.[听力原文](3).A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.[听力原文]六、ЗНАНИЯПОРУССКОМУЯЗЫКУ (总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、ГРАММАТИКА(总题数：70，分数：35.00)A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. √八、ЛЕКСИКА(总题数：20，分数：20.00)A．B．C．D．A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．A. √B.C.D.A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.九、СТРАНОВЕДЕНИЕ(总题数：5，分数：5.00)A．B．C．D．A. √B.C.D.A.1812B.1825 √C.1905D.1917A．B．C．D．A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．A.B. √C.D.十、РЕЧЕВОЙЭТИКЕТ(总题数：5，分数：10.00)A．B．C．D．A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.十一、ЧТЕНИЕ (总题数：0，分数：0.00) 十二、Текст 1 (总题数：1，分数：4.00)4.00）A．B．C．D．A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．A.B. √C.D.十三、Текст 2 (总题数：1，分数：6.00)6.00）A．B．C．D．A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．A.B.C.D. √A．B．C．D．A.B. √C.D.十四、Текст 3 (总题数：1，分数：4.00)4.00）A．B．C．D．A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.十五、Текст 4 (总题数：1，分数：6.00)6.00）A．B．C．D．A.B. √C.D.A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.十六、ВСТАВКА (总题数：1，分数：10.00)(1).A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √(2).A．B．C．D．A.B. √C.D.(3).A．B．C．D．A. √B.C.D.(4).A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.(5).A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √(6).A．B．C．D．A. √B.C.D.(7).A．B．C．D．A.B.C. √D.(8).A．B．C．D．A. √B.C.D.(9).A．B．C．D．A. √B.C.D.(10).A．B．C．D．A. √B.C.D.十七、ГОВОРЕНИЕ (总题数：1，分数：40.00)（分数：40.00）____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________十八、СОЧИНЕНИЕ(总题数：1，分数：30.00)（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 略。
俄语四级听写原文及翻译(2013-2018)
2018Уменяестьподруга.ЕёзовутНина.ВуниверситетеНинасерьёзноизучалакитайскийязыкикультуру.ОнавсегдахотелажитьвКитае.Янепонимала,почемуонатакхочетпоехатьвэтустрану.НоНинавсёдлясебярешила.ИвотонапоехалаучитьсявПекиннаодингод.ВПекинеон:встретиламолодогочеловека.АнтонтожеприехалтудаизРоссии.НинаиАнтонначаливстречаться.Сейчасонимужижена.ОниживутвместевПекинеужечетырегода.Унихестьмаленькийсын—Максим.Сейчасяпонимаю,почемумояподругавсегдахотелапоехатьвКитай.Ядумаю,чтотамНинуждалаеёсудьба.我有个朋友她叫尼娜。
尼娜在大学里学习中文和文学。
她一直想住在中国。
我不明白她为什么那么想去这个国家。
但尼娜已经下定决心了。
因此她去了北京学习一年。
在北京，他遇到了一个年轻人。
安东也来自俄罗斯。
尼娜和安东开始约会。
他们现在是夫妻了。
他们在北京同居了四年。
他们有一个小男孩，马克西姆。
现在我明白了为什么我的朋友总是想去中国。
我想尼娜的命运就在那里。
2017Яучусьнафакультетеиностранныхязыков.Мояспециальность—русскийязык.Вчеранакнижнойвыставкеяпознакомилсясрусскимжурналистом.ЕгозовутИван.ОнприехалвПекиннанесколькомесяцев.Здесьонпишеткнигу,котораябудетназываться«Китайглазамирусских».Иванмногознаетонашейстране,потомучтоонучилсявПекинскомуниверситетедвагода.Тамонизучалкитайскийязыкикультуру,общалсяскитайскимистудентами.СейчасИванработаетвгазете.ОнсбольшиминтересомрассказываетрусскимоКитае.Мыснимдоговорилисьпомогатьдругдругу,ведьяизучаюрусскийязык,аегоинтересуеткитайскоеобщество.我在外语学院学习。
2010年全国高校俄语专业四级水平测试试卷客观题参考答案
引导的程度和行为方法从属句，所以选 A。 62. 固定词组 вставать с постели 表示“起床”，所以选 B。 63. 根据题意“这位著名导演平均每年拍摄一部电影”，по фильму 表示均分意义，所以选 A。 64. 根据题意“她请安德烈今天不要给她打电话”，应选未完成体动词不定式表示不希望该行为发生，
某行为”，所以应选用未完成体动词的命令形式，所以选 D。 33. 由前置词短语 с работы“下班”可判断选用动词 уйти，所以选 A。 34. 根据题意“在寒冷的秋天要穿得暖和些”，应选不及物动词 одеваться，所以选 D。 35. 由名词 праздники 可判断应选能与四格名词连用的前置词，所以选 A，表示“去度假”。
说明她仍在生病，所以选动词现在时形式 болеет，所以选 D。 20. 由前置词短语 к экзаменам 判断动词应为 готовиться, 根据题意，不定人称句应选 C。
21—25 ABCDA 21. 根据题意“昨晚由于激动我长时间睡不着”，应选表原因的前置词，排除 D。前置词 от 搭配能力
系的事物或现象，所以选 B。 15. 根据题意“我朋友喜欢乘坐地铁”，表示一贯的喜好，应选未完成体动词，只泛指该行为，不强
调方向，所以应选不定向动词 D。
16—20 ADADC 16. 根据题意“将第一次去夏宫”，运动动词一般不用复合将来时形式，应选 A。 17. 由前置词短语 от окна 可判断动词为 отойти，所以选 D。 18. 由前置词短语 до Санкт-Петербурга 可判断动词为 доехать, 所以选 A。 19. 由时间状语 второй день 判断应用未完成体动词，可排除选项 C，根据题意“今天妮娜没来上课”，
2013年俄语考试说明
2013年绥化市初中毕业学业考试俄语学科考试说明一、指导思想初中毕业生俄语毕业学业考试是义务教育阶段的终结性考试，其目的是全面、准确考查初中生在俄语学习方面达到《全日制义务教育俄语课程标准》（以下简称为《课程标准》）所规定的俄语毕业水平的程度。
考试结果既是衡量学生是否达到毕业标准的主要依据，也是高中阶段学校招生的重要依据之一。
初中毕业生俄语毕业学业考试将贯彻落实《课程标准》所确立的课程评价理念，以有利于促进和引导俄语教学全面落实《课程标准》所规定的课程目标，有利于初中学校综合评价学生的俄语学习状况。
初中毕业生俄语毕业学业考试既重视考查学生对俄语基础知识与技能的掌握情况，也重视考查学生在具体情境中运用俄语分析和解决问题的能力，同时还应当重视对学生在俄语学习经历中所获得的对于俄语认识的评价。
俄语毕业学业考试在设计上力求做到科学、合理、准确，要充分发挥考试的鉴定功能和激励功能。
二、命题原则及依据（1）以教育部颁布的《俄语课程标准》为依据，考试内容不是教材的原形内容。
鼓励教师“用教材去教，而不是教教材”。
（2）着重考查学生在具体情境中运用所学俄语知识与技能的综合语言运用能力，特别是用俄语去做事、完成任务的能力。
（3）充分考虑俄语语言使用的实际情况以及学生的实际生活经验和社会发展状况，尽可能提供语义相对完整的语境，选用真实、地道、典型的当代俄语素材。
（4）通过题型设计及语干的处理，加强对学生口语言能力的考查，尝试对俄语国家文化背景的考核，促进初中阶段的俄语教学由单纯的传授语言知识、培养语言技能转变为培养学生的综合语言运用能力以及通过语言学习了解中西方之间的文化差异。
（5）评价目标根据《俄语课程标准》规定的五级目标为命题依据，考试词汇表、语言知识评价目标、语言技能评价目标依据本《说明》。
三、考试范围与要求根据教育部颁布的《俄语课程标准》，义务教育阶段俄语课程的总体目标是发展学生的综合语言运用能力。
这一能力建立在语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识等五个方面的基础上。
俄罗斯对外俄语等级考试1-4级详细讲解+模拟题
通常大家需要的也就是“俄语一级”和“俄语二级”吧？过了俄语二级的同学们上研究生是没有什么问题的了~！相信在俄罗斯上预科的同学们现在感触比较深吧？对于“俄语一级考试”是不是压力比较大？在此我搜罗了一下和“外国人”有关的所有俄语试题。
希望对大家有用！！！临阵磨枪，不利也光！不过对于这种考试我不敢不重视。
因为俄罗斯的老师还是比较严格的，希望需要考这些试的同学们端正姿态，争取一次过关！因为我们痛苦一次就够了~~~~不能等着补考，那样子更加折磨啊！！对吧？
下面介绍一下各个考试项目：ТЭУ. Тест по русскому языку как иностранному.
Элементарный уровень, 初級ТБУ. Тест по русскому языку как иностранному. Базовый уровень, 基礎ТРКИ-1. Тест по русскому языку как иностранному.Первый уровень, 第一級ТРКИ-2. Тест по русскому языку как иностранному. Второй уровень, 第二級ТРКИ-3. Тест по русскому языку как иностранному. Третий уровень, 第三級
ТРКИ-4. Тест по русскому языку как иностранному. Четвертый уровень, 第四級各級施測項目包括：Лексика. Грамматика.词类，语法Чтение.阅读Аудирование.听力Письмо.写信Говорение. 口语提供给大家的是以上六种考试的模拟题和考试大纲。
2009年全国高校俄语专业四级水平测试试卷客观题参考答案
46—50 CBCDC 46.根据题意“尽管没去过”，应选 С。 47.根据题意应选完成体动词的被动形动词形式来说明名词 магазин，表示“刚开业的”，所以选 B。 48.根据题意“在回答问题时”，应选未完成体动词的副动词形式，所以选 C。 49.根据题意“既然你不吃肉”，应选条件从属句连接词，选 D。 50. 表示在一定时间朝一定方向经常重复的行为，应用定向动词，此外交通工具是行为主体，所以
По-моему, он самый лучший человек на земле.
听力理解
(101 слово)
答案：BCB CDBD ACB
人机对话 题目：
1. Какое у вас русское имя? 2. Как вы получили это имя? 3. Какой учебный предмет вы любите больше всего? 4. По каким дням у вас занятия по грамматике? 5. Скажите, пожалуйста, когда у вас день рождения? 6. Кто ваши родители по профессии? 7. Кем вы хотите быть? 8. Где вы предпочитаете работать в будущем? 9. Почему вы так решили? 10. Как часто вы ездите домой? 11. Кто в вашей семье делает домашние работы? 12. Где вы чаше всего делаете покупки? 13. Что вы там покупаете? 14. Ное внимание, когда покупаете одежду? 15. Какой цвет вам нравится больше всего? 16. Как часто вы занимаетесь спортом? 17. Какой вид спорта самый популярный в вашем университете? 18. Чем вы занимались, когда в Пекине проходила Олимпиада? 19. Где вы провели праздник первого мая? 20. Какие у вас планы на летние каникулы?
2007-2012年全国高校俄语专业四级水平测试试卷答案-推荐下载
对全部高中资料试卷电气设备，在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料电试力卷保相护互装作置用调与试相技互术通关，1系电过，力管根保线据护敷生高设产中技工资术0艺料不高试仅中卷可资配以料置解试技决卷术吊要是顶求指层，机配对组置电在不气进规设行范备继高进电中行保资空护料载高试与中卷带资问负料题荷试22下卷，高总而中体且资配可料置保试时障卷，各调需类控要管试在路验最习；大题对限到设度位备内。进来在行确管调保路整机敷使组设其高过在中程正资1常料中工试，况卷要下安加与全强过，看2度并22工且22作尽22下可22都能2可地护1以缩关正小于常故管工障路作高高；中中对资资于料料继试试电卷卷保破连护坏接进范管行围口整，处核或理对者高定对中值某资，些料审异试核常卷与高弯校中扁对资度图料固纸试定，卷盒编工位写况置复进.杂行保设自护备动层与处防装理腐置，跨高尤接中其地资要线料避弯试免曲卷错半调误径试高标方中高案资等，料，编试要5写卷求、重保技电要护术气设装交设备置底备4高动。调、中作管试电资，线高气料并敷中课3试且设资件、卷拒技料中管试绝术试调路验动中卷试敷方作包技设案，含术技以来线术及避槽系免、统不管启必架动要等方高多案中项；资方对料式整试，套卷为启突解动然决过停高程机中中。语高因文中此电资，气料电课试力件卷高中电中管气资壁设料薄备试、进卷接行保口调护不试装严工置等作调问并试题且技，进术合行，理过要利关求用运电管行力线高保敷中护设资装技料置术试做。卷到线技准缆术确敷指灵设导活原。。则对对：于于在调差分试动线过保盒程护处中装，高置当中高不资中同料资电试料压卷试回技卷路术调交问试叉题技时，术，作是应为指采调发用试电金人机属员一隔，变板需压进要器行在组隔事在开前发处掌生理握内；图部同纸故一资障线料时槽、，内设需，备要强制进电造行回厂外路家部须出电同具源时高高切中中断资资习料料题试试电卷卷源试切，验除线报从缆告而敷与采设相用完关高毕技中，术资要资料进料试行，卷检并主查且要和了保检解护测现装处场置理设。备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。
大学俄语四六级考试大纲及说明
试卷一第一部分大学俄语四级考试大纲大学俄语四级考试大纲大学俄语四级考试大纲试卷一大学俄语四级考试大纲ЧАСТЬ Ⅰ АУДИРОВАНИЕ (15 баллов, 20 минут)A. Прослушайте следующие предложения и подчеркните ответ,соответствующий содержанию прослушанного.试卷一大学俄语四级考试大纲ЧАСТЬ Ⅱ ЧТЕНИЕ (40 баллов, 35 минут)Прочитайте следующие микротексты и подчеркните ответ, соответствующий содержанию прочитанного.试卷一大学俄语四级考试大纲ЧАСТЬ Ⅲ СЛОВА И ГРАММАТИКА (15 баллов, 20 минут)Прочитайте предложения и подчеркните самый подходящий试卷二大学俄语四级考试大纲ЧАСТЬ Ⅳ ПЕРЕВОД (15 баллов, 15 минут)Переведите следующие предложения на китайский язык.66. Вэтом известном всему миру университете учится болееЧАСТЬ Ⅴ КРАТКОЕ ИЗЛОЖЕНИЕ (15 баллов, 30 минут)71. Напишите краткое изложение (не меньше 80 слов) на тему«Мой любимый человек».答案大学俄语四级考试大纲试卷二ЧАСТЬ Ⅰ АУДИРОВАНИЕ (15 баллов, 20 минут)第一部分 听力理解A节．本节共5个句子，每句提一问，每个问题后有四个选项，请从中选出一个最佳答案。
2007-2012年全国高校俄语专业四级水平测试试卷答案
2011年全国高校俄语专业四级水平测试试卷客观题答案听写答案：Знакомиться с новыми людьми очень интересно. Новый человек –это много новой информации. В России, когда люди знакомятся, говорят о семье,об учебе, о работе, об увлечениях. Но есть темы, которые не нужно обсуждать при первой встрече. Лучше не говорить о возрасте, о деньгах, о болезнях. Когда вы видитечеловека в первый раз, вы можете говорить с ним о семье, о братьях и сестрах, о родителях, о родномгороде. Вы поймете, что для него важно, и о чем он любит говорить. Умениевнимательно слушать признакомстве очень важно. Люди всегда уважают того, кто умеет хорошо слушать. С таким человекомприятно беседовать.(100слов)听力理解答案：BACAABDADA人机对话题目：1.Скажите, пожалуйста, где живет ваша семья?2.Сколько человек у вас в семье?3.Какая у вас квартира?4.Как выглядитваша мама?5.Какой характер у вашего отца?6.На кого вы похожи?7.Какие иностранные языки вы знаете?8.Когда вы начали изучать первый иностранный язык?9.Какой предмет вам дается труднее всего?10.Какие у вас увлечения?11.Что вы делаете в интернете?12.Скем вы частопереписываетесь?13.Как часто вы ходите в кино?14.Какой фильм вы смотрели последний раз?15.Какой вид транспорта вы предпочитаете?16.Какой автобус ходит около вашего университета?17.Какможно добраться от вашего университета до центра города?18.В каком месяце у вас начинаются летние каникулы?19.Как долго продолжаются летние каникулы?20.Что вы собираетесь делать в летние каникулы?口语表述题目：Тема:мое любимое время года.1. времена года вашего города.2. ваше любимое время года.语法答案：11—15 BCBAD11.根据题意―两小时后启航‖，所以选B。
俄罗斯对外俄语一级测试与我国高校俄语专业四级水平测试对比研究
序号
项目
题型
总分
பைடு நூலகம்
及 格 分 (６６％ )
１
词汇语法
笔试
１６５
１０９
２
阅读
笔试
１４０
９２
３
听力
笔试
１２０
７９
４
写作
笔试
８０
５３
５
口语
口试
１７０
１１２
注 :总 分 :６７５ 分 及 格 分 :４４６ 分 ２．ТРЯ－４ 的 考 试 大 纲 ТРЯ－４是以教学大 纲 为 尺 度 的 参 照 性 标 准 化 考 试,每
ТРЯ－４的考试大纲存在明显的不同:ТРЯИ－１以交际能 力 为命题原则,而 ТРЯ－４ 是 为 考 查 学 生 综 合 知 识 的 掌 握 情 况.从表１可以看出 ТРЯИ－１重视学习者综合能力的均衡 发展,要求学习者各 个 考 查 项 目 都 要 达 标;而 从 表 ２ 可 以 看 出 ТРЯ－４ 侧 重 对 综 合 知 识 的 整 体 考 查,只 要 总 体 分 数 达 标 即可,且口语部分所占比重较小. 这 说 明 俄 罗 斯 的 ТРЯИ－ １比我 国 的 ТРЯ－４ 更 具 有 实 效 性,更 能 反 映 出 学 习 者 的 言 语交际能力.
关 键 词 :俄 语 测 试 ;俄 语 一 级 ;专 业 四 级 ;对 比 分 析 ;启 示
一 、引 言 外语测试作为教学周期中必不可少 的 一 个 环 节,在 外 语
教学中起着重要的作用.科学的外语测试会促进外语教学 的发展,反之,缺乏科 学 性 的 外 语 测 试 会 对 外 语 教 学 起 到 反 拨作用.因此,笔 者 选 取 了 俄 罗 斯 的 ТРЯИ－１ 和 我 国 的 ТРЯ－４ 进 行 了 对 比 研 究,旨 在 更 好 地 开 展 基 础 阶 段 的 教 学 工作. 二、ТРЯИ－１和 ТРЯ－４的对比
俄罗斯对外俄语一级考试与我国高校俄语专业四级考试比较研究
俄罗斯对外俄语一级考试与我国高校俄语专业四级考试比较研究于金玲，王丽梅（东北农业大学俄语系，黑龙江哈尔滨150000）俄罗斯对外俄语等级考试是俄罗斯国家级标准化考试，主要考查母语为非俄语的各界人士的俄语水平和能力。
该等级考试共分为六个级别，对外俄语一级考试（ТРКИ-1）是其中之一。
中国高校俄语专业四级水平测试（ТРЯ4，以下简称俄语专业四级考试）是以《高等学校俄语专业教学大纲》为尺度的参照性标准化考试。
考核对象为我国高校俄语专业本科二年级学生。
本文尝试对二者进行比较研究，找出二者之间的差异，以期取长补短，对我国俄语教学有所帮助。
一、我国高校俄语专业四级考试2013年根据新版教学大纲，我国俄语专业四级考试进行了试题改革，在考试时间、试题分数和题型分布方面做出了调整。
改革后的试题分为六个部分，具体情况见表1。
改革后的俄语专业四级考试在题型和分数分布方面设计比较合理，体现出科学测试的原则，是目前国内比较权威且能全面反映学生在基础阶段对俄语掌握程度的考试。
二、俄罗斯对外俄语一级考试俄罗斯对外俄语一级考试以一级大纲为依据进行命题。
一级大纲分为两个部分，第一部分详细描述了达到俄语一级的标准。
第二部分为一级考试样题。
对外俄语一级试题共分为五个部分，具体情况见表2。
需要指出的是，俄罗斯对外俄语一级考试分两天进行，第一天上午是听力和词汇语法，下午为阅读和写作。
第二天是口语表达。
写作部分有两种题型，口语部分有四种题型。
考生每部分分数达到该部分总分数的66%为及格。
三、俄罗斯对外俄语一级考试与我国俄语专业四级考试的差异1.等级标准不同。
俄罗斯对外俄语一级考试符合国际通用语言等级标准，而我国专业俄语四级考试并没有与国际接轨。
目前，欧洲各国的语言等级标准都以欧洲理事会出版的《欧洲语言共同参考框架：学习、教学、评估（CEFR）》为标准进行拟定。
CEFR是被国际认可的描述语言能力和水平的标准。
俄罗斯对外俄语等级考试与欧洲语言共同参考框架相一致，对外俄语一级相当于欧洲标准中的B1级别。
2013年俄语专业四级真题及详解【圣才出品】
2013年俄语专业四级真题及详解Ⅰ. 口语（Говорение. 15 баллов, 8 минут.）A.【录音原文】Где вы родились?【答案示例】Я родилась в Пекине.【解析】问题是：你在哪出生的？Где表明要用в加地点名词第六格形式。
B.【录音原文】Какая у вас семья?【答案示例】Моя семья маленькая, но счастливая【解析】问题是：你的家庭是什么样儿的？回答时要用形容词，且变为阴性形式。
C.【录音原文】Кем работают ваши родители?【答案示例】Мой папа —шофёр, а мама —преподаватель.【解析】问题是：你父母是做什么的？回答时可根据题目的Кем работают回答，用работать搭配кем，也可直接回答职业的一格形式，因为书写时可使用破折号，即口语中一格。
D.【录音原文】Как часто вы ездите домой?【答案示例】Один раз в месяц.【解析】问题是：你多久回家一次？сколько раза в день/неделю/месяц表示频率。
E.【录音原文】Когда вы начали изучать русский язык?【答案示例】Два года назад.【解析】问题是：你什么时候开始学习俄语的？四级考试在大二学期，大部分考生是在两年前接触俄语，表示“在多久之前”，要用назад。
F.【录音原文】Как вам даётся русский язык?【答案示例】Хорошо【解析】问题是：你俄语学得怎么样？问题中出现Как，则要回答副词，如Нормально/Хорошо/Плохо。
G.【录音原文】Где вы обычно занимаетесь?【答案示例】В библиотеке.【解析】问题是：你经常在哪里学习？Где表明要用в搭配地点名词第六格形式。
2012年全国高校俄语专业四级水平测试试卷客观题参考答案
17. Кто в вашей группе поет лучше всех?
18. Какую профессию вы предпочитаете?
19. В каком городе вы хотите работать?
20. Почему вам нравится этот город?
口语表述
根据题意要像珍视人的生命一样珍视自然应选表示从句内容与实际相似的连接词表示从句内容与假定的相似不合题意所以选a24
2012 年全国高校俄语专业四级水平测试试卷 客观题答案
听写
答案：
Моё любимое время года — весна. Весна — это как начало новой жизни. После зимы
птицы. Я очень люблю гулять весной и в городе, и за городом. Приятно после зимы видеть, как
оживается все вокруг. Мне кажется, что весной становится больше красивых людей, особенно
девушек.
听力理解
(104 слов)
答案：DAC BBDC ABA
人机对话
2013年4月英语专业四级(tem4)考试真题答案完整版
QUESTION BOOKLET试卷用后随即销毁。
严禁保留、出版或复印。
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)—GRADE FOUR—TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation,you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.1.According to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” could beA. presents.B. fruits.C. sauce.D. meat.2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPTA. roast turkey.B. sweet potatoes.C. meat.D. carrots.3.Why did Helen come to Rob‟s house?A. She wanted to talk to Rob.B. She had come to help Rob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.4.Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5.We learn from the conversation that the clubA. mainly organizes language activities.B. accepts members from local students.C. has been set up for a long time.D. is increasing its membership.6.According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German onA. Wednesday.B. Tuesday.C. Monday.D. Friday.7.What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.8.According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9.The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairsEXCEPTA. prospective.B. useful.C. important.D. tiring.10.We learn from the conversation that the womanA. works better at job fairs.B. prefers honest people.C. often works on her own.D. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.11.According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountains.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12.In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13.In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.14.According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15.The speaker questions about everybody's access to technological advances. The mainreason isA. illiteracy.B. poverty.C. food shortage.D. ignorance.16.According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPTA. giving everyone a radio or TV.B. starting to carry out the scheme in ten years.C. offering internet service to more people.D. providing more job opportunities.17.What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.18.People in Latin America wear something __________ to express their hopes for wealth inthe New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19.Which of the following New Year‟s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year's tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.21.What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22.With digital textbooks, schools have saved about __________ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.23.Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.25.According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problemsEXCEPTA. alcohol abuse.B. smoking.C. depression.D. schizophrenia.26.Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Question 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because theyA. had only covered cargo plane pilots.B. had failed to cover all the pilots.C. would be put into effect in two years.D. would be too costly if implemented.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART III CLOZE[15 MIN]31. A. canB. mayC. couldD. would 32. A. norB. neitherC. neverD. not 33. A. look intoB. look overC. look afterD. look through 34. A. In accordance withB. By means ofC. With reference toD. On account of35. A. as well asB. as good asC. as such asDecide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: withoutit, it (31) ______ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32) ______ the workers in government offices who (33) ______ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) ______ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35) ______ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36) ______ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37) ______ taxation should be arranged. 38. A. personsB. sectorsC. communitiesD. classes39. A. remainsB. staysC. existsD. happens40. A. formB. wayC. measureD. method41. A. quickerB. speedierC. moreD. larger42. A. grows upB. increases upC. goes upD. lifts up43. A. ButB. ConsequentlyC. SimilarlyD. And44. A. periodicallyB. almostC. oftenD. always45. A. whichB. whoIn most countries, a direct tax on (38) ______, which is called income tax, (39) ______. It is arranged in such (40) ______ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (41) ______ as the taxpayer's income grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42) ______ as high as ninety-five per cent!(43) ______ countries with taxation nearly (44) ______ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties.” Of course,it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45) ______ really have to pay the duties, in the (46)______ of higher prices. In some countries, (47) ______, there is a tax onthings sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lotof money is (48) ______ but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessarythings (49) ______ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtainedbut the tax is (50) ______, as the rich pay it.PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn‟t deny __________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n)__________.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)?A. Nonsmoker.B. Deadline.C. Meanness.D. Misfit.54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o‟clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nounsEXCEPTA. more.B. enough.C. many.D. such.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you‟ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)?A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPTA. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business!C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.63. If it _______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. It‟s getti ng late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPTA. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66. __________ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlinedpart means __________.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night‟s party Lar ry said something that I though was beyond me. The underlinedpart means __________.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn‟t understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn‟t tolerate69. The couple __________their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the __________ forherself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently co ntent with his mother‟s promise. The underlined partmeans __________.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The __________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. Theunderlined part means __________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident.The underlined part means __________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would __________ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means __________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string77. The court would not accept his appeal unless __________ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a __________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually __________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted.Theunderlined part means __________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication—but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something.Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic（流行病）was announc ed, the idea of “swine flu”（猪流感）scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you‟re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话）before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable becauseA. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPTA. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on“great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone.“I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift（索道）, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I th ink, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced（外包）manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn‟t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a mortgage（抵押贷款）on the house? She said, …What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.‟ I definitely married the right woman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.”Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn‟t sell, but we were de aling with huge numbers. It‟d kill us to take back all the products.”Alden‟s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren‟t gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod—that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you‟re just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.”Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because heA. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87. The new headphone was originally designed forA. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88. Did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones asA. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called.“Sit down,” she said.I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.”But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru（金融大亨）.When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff‟s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I‟ve read many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not.On New Year‟s Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I w asn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I‟d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn‟t satisfy me, because I wasn‟t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention.Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn‟t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said, “I‟d started to get complacent. It‟s as if the muscles of my heart started to atrophy（萎缩）. Now they‟re awake, alive—and I don‟t want to go back.”These weren‟t just empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone‟s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj‟s call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.。
俄语专业四级考试历年综合知识真题精选1_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
俄语专业四级考试历年综合知识真题精选1(总分60, 做题时间90分钟)综合知识本部分包括语法、词汇、国情知识、言语礼节。
1.（2005）—Вы долго будете в командировке? —Нет, только________ .SSS_SINGLE_SELAчерез неделBна неделюCв неделюDнеделю分值: 1答案:D本题主要考查具体名词неделя的时间表示法。
用不带前置词的四格形式表示持续时间意义。
正确选项为D。
译文：“ 您会出差很久吗？” “ 不，就一周。
”2.（2013）Экскурсия по городусостоится________ с 9 до 12 часов.SSS_SINGLE_SELAна средуBв средуCот средыDсреду答案:B本题考查的是具体星期几的表达方式。
俄语中在表达具体星期几时，通常要用前置词В+ 名词四格形式，符合条件的是选项В。
译文：城市参观安排在星期三9 点到 1 2点。
3.（2016）Отец уехал на ю г вкомандировку________.SSS_SINGLE_SELAна месяцBза месяцCв месяцеDмесяц分值: 1答案:A本题主要考查具体名词м есяц时间期限表示法。
本题涉及体、时间等范畴的语法意义。
此处强调父亲去南方出差一周，表达动作行为结果持续的期限，因此选А。
译文：父亲到南方出差一周。
4.（2009）Первую линию метро в М осквеоткры ли________мая 1935 года.(SSS_SINGLE_SELA15-оеBот 15-огоCна 15-оеD15-ого答案:D本题主要考查日期表示法。
俄语中“在某年某月某日”的表示方法是：序数词中性第二格 + 月份名词的第二格+...года。
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9:15—10:25
综合知识
阅读理解
考生继续做客观题试卷的其余部分
10:25
监考人员收回客观题答题卡
发写作试卷和写作答题卡
10:25—11:00写作
开始写作考试
11:00
监考人员收回写作答题卡
3.外语老师监听
语音提示：“时间到，听写考试结束”。电教老师停止放音，听写考试结束。
1.中途不得停止放音或重放
2.考生有2分钟时间检查
8：54
监考人员收回听写答题卡
发客观题试卷和客观题答题卡
8:54—9:15
听力理解
1.电教老师继续放音，开始听力考试
2.外语老师监听
语音提示：“时间到，听力考试结束”。主控台停止放音，听力考试结束。
2013年俄Βιβλιοθήκη 专业四级考试流程（考试时间：5月25日）
时间
流程
操作备注
8:15—8:20
组织考生入场，宣布考场纪律及注意事项
8:20—8:25
试录音（保证每个考生能够听到自己所录的声音）
如有问题，尽快更换座位，登记座位号
8:25—8:30
1.拆卷：向考生展示并宣布：试卷是密封。2.发草稿纸
3.监考人员将口语考试光盘放入光驱
2.考号和客观题答案须用2B铅笔填涂，姓名及答题内容须用黑色水笔书写，不得使用圆珠笔或铅笔，不得使用涂改液及胶带。
3.答题卡共3张，每张答题卡须分别填写姓名和考号。听写和写作的内容务必写在答题区域内，超出答题区域的答案无效。
4.考试结束时，待监考老师收卷完毕后，考生方可离开考场。
电教老师在“听力”考试结束后将“口语表述”的考生答题录音制作成单独的MP3或WAV音频文件，文件名用考生考号后三位，每10个考生刻录一张光盘，光盘标明学校名称和序号，考生答题录音拷贝到U盘中备份。
8:39—8:54
听写
1.监考人员发听写答题卡
2.电教老师将听写、听力考试光盘放入光驱，开始放音，开始听写考试。
监考人员在试卷带上写：“是密封”并签名
8:30
宣布考试开始
8:30—8:39口语
1电教老师同时按下录音键和放音键
2.外语老师监听
3.口语共10题，其中1-8题为简答题，（每题后留有8-10秒的时间），第9题为扩展性问题，要求回答半分钟，第10题为陈述题，要求作2分钟思考后进行2分钟的讲述。
口语考试录音开始后要连续录制，不得中途停止重录。
全部考试结束
全部考试结束。请监考人员清点；
1.三种答题卡数目
2.考生口语考试答题光盘
3.考生口语答题备份U盘
清点无误后，学生方可离开
请将三份答题卡按考生考号由小到大顺序分别整理，缺考考生的答题卡需监考人员把其考号填上；
监考人员填写材料清单，并签名
请考生注意：
1.严格遵守考场纪律。关闭手机。考试时不得使用词典及其他工具书。