英译汉过程中的问题浅析
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许多国王的顾问和国会的成员曾赞成给殖民地更多的自 由和自我管理并且取消强加去他们身上的苛刻税收。
国王的顾问和国会的成员中很多人都赞成给殖民地更多 的自由和自治并且取消强加在他们身上的苛刻税收。
反例
适当地调换 语序以突出 重点来和原
意相一致
So we should be grateful for insanity and despotism for resulting in the U.S.A. Ergo, insanity and despotism are good things, just as capital punishment is.
英译汉过程中的问题浅析
——以英教两班26篇翻译和校对为例
一、语序调换 二、语言通顺 三、精确性 四、语言的优美度
一、语序调换
中文语序
和英文语 序的不同
Word of the car crash reached Balmoral Castle, in Scotland, at one o’clock in the morning of August 31, 1997. Word of the death came through at four. Prince Charles was in residence, with his sons;
它通常有，但不绝对，一个老者或占主导地位的人和一个较为年轻的女 人。但年轻人同样有着动机：被一个更强大的人认可和培育。
一般来说是这样的，但也不绝对——影片男主角通常较年老且占据主导 地位，女人则较为年轻 。但年轻的人同样有着动机：得到一个更强大的 人的认可和培育。
though even his idolatrous supporters concede that he took his advice from inside and outside the White House and even took a mischievous delight in playing one staff or cabinet member against another.
一个“冷冻”的大脑只需人脑在华氏98.6度的正常体温下所需要的氧气量的 一半。
一个“冷冻”的大脑所需的氧气量是人脑在华氏98.6度的正常体温下所需要 的氧气量的一半。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
It is normally, but not necessarily, an older, controlling man and a younger woman. But the younger person also has a motive: the recognition and nurture of a more powerful patron.
一九九七年八月三十一号早上一点钟，车祸的消息传到 了苏格兰的巴尔莫勒堡。四点钟，戴安娜王妃的死讯传 来了。查尔斯王子此时正和儿子们在住所里。
车祸的消息于一九九七年八月三十一号凌晨一点传到苏 格兰巴尔莫勒堡。戴安娜王妃的死讯于四点传来。当时 查尔斯王子和儿子们就住在这里。
Many of the King's advisers and members of Parliament were in favor of giving the colonies more freedom and self-government and lifting the harsh taxes that had been imposed on them.
她生来就处于受奴役的境地。她拥有黑皮肤，她的早年是在她诞 生地的黑暗而悲惨的时光中度过的。她经历过兴衰变迁，但那并 不是因她而起；她体会到忧虑和悲伤,然而那些都不是她自己的忧 虑和悲伤。别人因此付她工钱，可付给的只是钱而已。
黑皮肤的她生来就是被奴役的命。早年在她在出生地历尽了黑暗 而不幸的时光。她经历过那些不由她而起的盛衰变迁；她体会过 那些甚至不属于自己的忧虑和痛苦,她因此得到些报酬，但报酬仅 仅是钱。
we make considered decisions. 我们深思熟虑做决定。 我们做出深思熟虑的决定。
The ocean acts as the earth’s buffer. 海洋扮演着地球缓冲器的作用。 海洋起到了地球缓冲器的作用。
注意中文语法
Money-laundering has been one of the world’s fastest-growing industries over the past decade despite increasing efforts by the world’s financial authorities to stamp it out.
尽管世界金融机构不断加大对洗钱活动的打击，但在过去的十年里，洗钱活 动已成为发展最迅速的产业之一。
尽管世界金融机构不断加大对洗钱活动的打击力度，但在过去的十年里，洗 钱活动已成为发展最迅速的产业之一。
A “frozen” brain, for example, requires only half as much oxygen as one with a normal body temperature of 98.6 Fahrenheit.
因此我们要感激这导致了美国的诞生的疯狂和专制。所 以，就像死刑一样，疯狂和专制是好东西。
我们应当要感激这导致了美国的诞生的疯狂和专制。因 此，疯狂和专制是好东西，死刑也同样如此。
二、语言通顺
She was born in bondage and with a dark skin and most of her early maturity was passed in a dark and tragic time for the land of her birth. She went through vicissitudes which she had not caused; she assumed cares and griefs which were not even her cares and griefs. She was paid wages for this, but pay is still just money.
国王的顾问和国会的成员中很多人都赞成给殖民地更多 的自由和自治并且取消强加在他们身上的苛刻税收。
反例
适当地调换 语序以突出 重点来和原
意相一致
So we should be grateful for insanity and despotism for resulting in the U.S.A. Ergo, insanity and despotism are good things, just as capital punishment is.
英译汉过程中的问题浅析
——以英教两班26篇翻译和校对为例
一、语序调换 二、语言通顺 三、精确性 四、语言的优美度
一、语序调换
中文语序
和英文语 序的不同
Word of the car crash reached Balmoral Castle, in Scotland, at one o’clock in the morning of August 31, 1997. Word of the death came through at four. Prince Charles was in residence, with his sons;
它通常有，但不绝对，一个老者或占主导地位的人和一个较为年轻的女 人。但年轻人同样有着动机：被一个更强大的人认可和培育。
一般来说是这样的，但也不绝对——影片男主角通常较年老且占据主导 地位，女人则较为年轻 。但年轻的人同样有着动机：得到一个更强大的 人的认可和培育。
though even his idolatrous supporters concede that he took his advice from inside and outside the White House and even took a mischievous delight in playing one staff or cabinet member against another.
一个“冷冻”的大脑只需人脑在华氏98.6度的正常体温下所需要的氧气量的 一半。
一个“冷冻”的大脑所需的氧气量是人脑在华氏98.6度的正常体温下所需要 的氧气量的一半。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
It is normally, but not necessarily, an older, controlling man and a younger woman. But the younger person also has a motive: the recognition and nurture of a more powerful patron.
一九九七年八月三十一号早上一点钟，车祸的消息传到 了苏格兰的巴尔莫勒堡。四点钟，戴安娜王妃的死讯传 来了。查尔斯王子此时正和儿子们在住所里。
车祸的消息于一九九七年八月三十一号凌晨一点传到苏 格兰巴尔莫勒堡。戴安娜王妃的死讯于四点传来。当时 查尔斯王子和儿子们就住在这里。
Many of the King's advisers and members of Parliament were in favor of giving the colonies more freedom and self-government and lifting the harsh taxes that had been imposed on them.
她生来就处于受奴役的境地。她拥有黑皮肤，她的早年是在她诞 生地的黑暗而悲惨的时光中度过的。她经历过兴衰变迁，但那并 不是因她而起；她体会到忧虑和悲伤,然而那些都不是她自己的忧 虑和悲伤。别人因此付她工钱，可付给的只是钱而已。
黑皮肤的她生来就是被奴役的命。早年在她在出生地历尽了黑暗 而不幸的时光。她经历过那些不由她而起的盛衰变迁；她体会过 那些甚至不属于自己的忧虑和痛苦,她因此得到些报酬，但报酬仅 仅是钱。
we make considered decisions. 我们深思熟虑做决定。 我们做出深思熟虑的决定。
The ocean acts as the earth’s buffer. 海洋扮演着地球缓冲器的作用。 海洋起到了地球缓冲器的作用。
注意中文语法
Money-laundering has been one of the world’s fastest-growing industries over the past decade despite increasing efforts by the world’s financial authorities to stamp it out.
尽管世界金融机构不断加大对洗钱活动的打击，但在过去的十年里，洗钱活 动已成为发展最迅速的产业之一。
尽管世界金融机构不断加大对洗钱活动的打击力度，但在过去的十年里，洗 钱活动已成为发展最迅速的产业之一。
A “frozen” brain, for example, requires only half as much oxygen as one with a normal body temperature of 98.6 Fahrenheit.
因此我们要感激这导致了美国的诞生的疯狂和专制。所 以，就像死刑一样，疯狂和专制是好东西。
我们应当要感激这导致了美国的诞生的疯狂和专制。因 此，疯狂和专制是好东西，死刑也同样如此。
二、语言通顺
She was born in bondage and with a dark skin and most of her early maturity was passed in a dark and tragic time for the land of her birth. She went through vicissitudes which she had not caused; she assumed cares and griefs which were not even her cares and griefs. She was paid wages for this, but pay is still just money.