中美宗教文化比较(英文版)
英语版中美文化差异ppt课件
Strictly speaking, the Spring Festival starts every year in the early days of the 12th lunar month and will last till the mid 1st lunar month of the next year. Of them, the most important days are Spring Festival Eve and the first three days. The Chinese government now stipulates people have seven days off for the Chinese Lunar New Year.
5
The Chinese character "fu" (meaning blessing or happiness) is a must. The character put on paper can be pasted normally or upside down, for in Chinese the "reversed fu" is homophonic with "fu comes", both being pronounced as "fudaole." What's more, two big red lanterns can be raised on both sides of the front door. Red paper-cuttings can be seen on window glass and brightly colored New Year paintings with auspicious meanings may be put on the wall.
中国和美国之间的文化差异英语作文
中国和美国之间的文化差异英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Cultural Differences Between China and the United StatesIntroductionChina and the United States are two of the world's biggest economic powers with rich cultural heritages. However, they have stark differences in their culture, traditions, customs, and behavior patterns. In this essay, we will explore the cultural differences between these two nations and how they impact various aspects of their societies.1. Individualism vs. CollectivismOne of the biggest cultural differences between China and the United States is the concept of individualism vs. collectivism. In the United States, individualism is highly valued, and people are encouraged to express their opinions, stand out from the crowd, and pursue their personal goals. On the other hand, China is a collectivist society where the needs of the group are prioritized over individual desires. People in China are expectedto adhere to social norms, maintain harmony within the community, and show respect to authority figures.2. Communication StylesChinese communication style is often indirect and implicit, with people using subtle gestures, facial expressions, and body language to convey their messages. In contrast, Americans tend to be more direct, explicit, and assertive in their communication. They value clarity, transparency, and openness in their interactions, and are more likely to express their thoughts and feelings without hesitation.3. Work EthicAnother significant difference between China and the United States is their work ethic. Chinese people are known for their strong work ethic, dedication, and perseverance. They often work long hours, prioritize career advancement, and are willing to make personal sacrifices for the success of their organization. On the other hand, Americans value work-life balance, prioritize leisure time, and are more likely to switch jobs for better opportunities or personal fulfillment.4. Family ValuesIn China, family is the cornerstone of society, and filial piety is deeply ingrained in the culture. Children are expected to obey their parents, take care of them in old age, and uphold family honor and traditions. In contrast, American families tend to be more nuclear and individualistic, with parents encouraging their children to be independent, pursue their dreams, and make their own choices in life.5. Food and Dining EtiquetteChinese cuisine is famous for its diversity, flavors, and regional specialties. Dining in China is a communal and social activity where people share dishes, use chopsticks, and show respect to the host and elders at the table. In contrast, American cuisine is more casual, with a focus on convenience, fast food, and large portion sizes. Dining in the United States is often informal, with people using forks, knives, and their hands to eat, and paying separately for their meals.ConclusionIn conclusion, the cultural differences between China and the United States are vast and profound, impacting various aspects of their societies. While both nations have their unique strengths and values, it is essential to understand and appreciate these differences to foster mutual understanding, respect, andcooperation between them. By embracing cultural diversity and learning from each other, China and the United States can build stronger relationships and create a more harmonious world for future generations.篇2Cultural Differences Between China and the United StatesChina and the United States are two major global powers that have significant cultural differences. These differences can be seen in various aspects of life such as communication style, social interactions, work ethic, and values. Understanding these differences is crucial for people from both countries to bridge the gap and build strong relationships.One of the most noticeable cultural differences between China and the United States is their communication style. In China, communication tends to be more indirect, and people often use nonverbal cues to convey their messages. On the other hand, Americans tend to be more direct and explicit in their communication, preferring clear and straightforward language. This difference can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts if not acknowledged and addressed.Social interactions also differ between the two countries. In China, relationships are based on hierarchy and respect for authority. People tend to value group harmony over individual autonomy and will often sacrifice their own needs for the greater good. In contrast, Americans value individuality and independence, placing a high importance on personal freedom and self-expression. This difference can lead to cultural clashes, especially in collaborative work environments or social settings.Work ethic is another area where China and the United States have distinct cultural differences. In China, there is a strong emphasis on hard work, discipline, and dedication to one's job. People are expected to put in long hours and show loyalty to their employers. On the other hand, Americans value work-life balance and prioritize personal time and leisure activities. This difference can lead to misunderstandings in the workplace, with Chinese employees viewing American counterparts as lazy or uncommitted, while Americans might see Chinese colleagues as workaholics.Values also play a significant role in shaping cultural differences between China and the United States. Chinese culture places a high value on tradition, family, and community harmony. People are expected to adhere to social norms andmaintain strong relationships with their family and community. In contrast, American culture values individualism, innovation, and diversity. People are encouraged to think independently, challenge norms, and pursue their own goals and ambitions. This contrast in values can create tensions in cross-cultural interactions, as each side may have different expectations and priorities.Despite these cultural differences, both China and the United States have much to offer each other in terms of collaboration, innovation, and mutual understanding. By acknowledging and respecting each other's cultural differences, people from both countries can build strong relationships and find common ground. Cultural exchange programs, intercultural training, and cross-cultural communication skills can help bridge the gap and foster positive interactions between Chinese and American individuals and businesses.In conclusion, the cultural differences between China and the United States are significant and can present challenges in cross-cultural interactions. By understanding and respecting each other's communication style, social interactions, work ethic, and values, people from both countries can build strong relationships and foster mutual understanding. Embracingdiversity and promoting cultural awareness are key steps towards bridging the gap and building a more connected and inclusive global community.篇3Cultural Differences Between China and the United StatesCultural differences between China and the United States are vast and deeply rooted in history, values, beliefs, and societal norms. These differences shape the way people from each country think, behave, and interact with one another. Understanding these differences can help individuals navigate cross-cultural interactions more effectively and respectfully.One of the most noticeable differences between Chinese and American culture is the concept of collectivism versus individualism. China is a collectivist society, valuing harmony within the group and prioritizing the needs of the community over individual desires. In contrast, the United States is an individualist society, placing emphasis on personal freedom, independence, and self-expression.This difference in cultural values can be seen in various aspects of daily life. For example, Chinese people tend to make decisions based on what is best for the group, while Americansare more likely to consider their own needs and desires. In business settings, Chinese employees may be more inclined to seek consensus and avoid conflict, while American workers may be more assertive and competitive.Another key cultural difference between China and the United States is the concept of face. In Chinese culture, face, or mianzi, refers to one's reputation, social status, and dignity. Saving face, or maintaining one's honor and pride, is of utmost importance in Chinese society. In contrast, Americans value direct communication, honesty, and transparency, even if it means risking embarrassment or confrontation.This difference in the importance of face can lead to misunderstandings and miscommunication in cross-cultural interactions. Chinese individuals may be more indirect in their communication and decision-making to avoid causing offense or losing face, while Americans may perceive this indirectness as dishonesty or insincerity.Additionally, the role of hierarchy and authority differs between Chinese and American culture. In China, respect for authority figures, such as elders and leaders, is deeply ingrained in society. Showing deference and obedience to those in positions of power is expected and valued. In the United States,however, there is a greater emphasis on equality, individual rights, and challenging authority when necessary.These cultural differences can impact various aspects of communication, decision-making, and collaboration incross-cultural settings. Understanding and respecting these differences can foster more effective and harmonious relationships between individuals from China and the United States.In conclusion, the cultural differences between China and the United States are vast and complex, encompassing values, beliefs, social norms, and communication styles. By recognizing and respecting these differences, individuals from both countries can navigate cross-cultural interactions with greater empathy, understanding, and mutual respect. Embracing diversity and cultural differences can lead to more enriching and meaningful relationships between people from different backgrounds.。
中美文化差异(英文版)
In China, legal expressions, posts, and tone of voice carry significant meaning Americans, while also tuned to these cures, may still be more on verbal communication
• Cultural Assumptions: Each culture has its own set of assessments about appropriate behavior and communication styles, which can lead to misinterpretation or offers
Verbal and Non verbal Communication Styles
Veபைடு நூலகம்bal Communication
Non verbal Communication
Silence and pauses
Americans often value directness and openness in conversation, while Chinese communication styles may be more direct and implicit, releasing on context and non-verbal cups
• Time Orientation: Americans of value efficiency and functionality, while Chinese culture may be more flexible with time, placing a higher value on relationship building and socialization
中美文化差异英语作文初一
中美文化差异英语作文初一Exploring the Cultural Differences between China and the United StatesThe world we live in is a tapestry of diverse cultures, each with its unique traditions, values, and ways of life. Two of the most prominent and influential cultures on the global stage are those of China and the United States. While both nations have made significant contributions to the advancement of human civilization, the underlying cultural differences between them are profound and far-reaching.One of the most striking contrasts between Chinese and American culture lies in their respective approaches to social hierarchy and interpersonal relationships. In China, a strong emphasis is placed on hierarchical structures, where individuals are expected to respect and defer to those in positions of authority, such as elders, teachers, and government officials. This hierarchical mindset is deeply rooted in Confucian philosophy, which emphasizes the importance of social order, harmony, and the maintenance of clearly defined roles and responsibilities within a community.In contrast, American culture places a greater emphasis on individualism and egalitarianism. Americans generally value personal autonomy, independence, and the ability to challenge authority figures and social norms. The concept of "the American Dream" – the idea that anyone can achieve success through hard work and determination – reflects this underlying belief in the power of the individual to shape their own destiny.Another fundamental difference between Chinese and American culture lies in their respective approaches to time and the concept of punctuality. In China, a more flexible and fluid approach to time is often the norm. Meetings and appointments may start and end at different times than scheduled, and deadlines are often viewed as more flexible guidelines than strict requirements. This relaxed attitude towards time is rooted in the Chinese philosophical concept of "ren," which emphasizes the importance of harmony and the avoidance of conflict.In contrast, American culture places a strong emphasis on punctuality and the efficient use of time. Meetings and appointments are expected to start and end on time, and deadlines are taken very seriously. This rigid approach to time management is often seen as a reflection of the American value of productivity and the belief that time is a precious and limited resource.The differences in social hierarchy and time management also extend to the realm of communication and interpersonal interactions. In Chinese culture, indirect and nuanced communication is often preferred, with individuals carefully choosing their words and avoiding direct confrontation or criticism. This approach is rooted in the Confucian principle of "saving face," which emphasizes the importance of preserving one's own and others' social standing and reputation.American communication, on the other hand, is often more direct and assertive. Americans tend to be more comfortable expressing their opinions and feelings openly, and they may view indirect communication as evasive or even dishonest. This cultural difference can lead to misunderstandings and miscommunications between Chinese and American individuals, as each may interpret the other's behavior through the lens of their own cultural norms and expectations.Another significant area of cultural difference between China and the United States is the role of family and the individual within the social fabric. In Chinese culture, the family is the fundamental unit of society, and individuals are expected to prioritize the needs and well-being of the family over their own personal desires and goals. This collectivist mindset is reflected in the strong emphasis on filial piety, where children are expected to respect and care for their agingparents, and in the importance placed on maintaining harmonious relationships within the extended family.In contrast, American culture places a greater emphasis on the individual and the nuclear family. While family relationships are still important, Americans are generally more focused on personal achievement, independence, and the pursuit of individual goals and aspirations. This individualistic mindset is often seen as a key driver of American entrepreneurship and innovation, as well as the country's strong emphasis on personal freedom and the right to self-determination.These cultural differences between China and the United States have profound implications for various aspects of life, including education, business, and social interactions. In the realm of education, for example, Chinese students are often expected to excel academically and to conform to strict classroom norms, while American students are encouraged to explore their individual interests and to engage in more interactive and collaborative learning experiences.In the business world, the cultural differences between China and the United States can lead to significant challenges and misunderstandings. Chinese business practices often prioritize long-term relationships, consensus-building, and the avoidance of direct confrontation, while American business culture tends to be morefocused on short-term results, individual achievement, and the assertive pursuit of competitive advantage.Despite these cultural differences, however, there is also a growing recognition of the need for mutual understanding and collaboration between China and the United States. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, the ability to navigate and bridge these cultural divides has become increasingly important for individuals, businesses, and governments alike.In conclusion, the cultural differences between China and the United States are deep-rooted and multifaceted, reflecting the unique histories, philosophies, and social structures of these two great nations. While these differences can sometimes lead to misunderstandings and conflicts, they also present opportunities for cross-cultural exchange, mutual learning, and the enrichment of our shared global community. By embracing these differences and seeking to understand and appreciate the unique perspectives and values of each culture, we can work towards a more harmonious and prosperous future for all.。
中美文化差异（TheDiffer...
中美文化差异（TheDiffer...Chinese culture and American culture are both hume n’s beautiful landscape. The two have many in common, and there are also differences,of course.1.Differences in values and morality（1）Personal sense of honor and modesty①Americans' personal sense of honorAmericans worship personal struggle, especially the achievements of someone, and they never hide their self-confidence, sense of honor and ecstasy after obtaining success. Americans’ advocating this personal sense of honor is connected with their personal struggle. In the Americans’ eyes, personal honor is based on the personal struggle. They will not be successful without personal tireless hard work, not to mention the honor. Therefore, after getting the honor, they will show off undisguisedly, which we Chinese people always think no humility.② Chinese people's modestyInstead, Chinese culture does not advocate showing off personal honor , but promoting modesty. However, Chinese-style self-modesty or self-denial often makes Americans greatly dissatisfied. In Americans’opinion, this humility is not only the denial of one own, but also denial the ability to appreciate of the one praise you. This Chinese-style modesty is not feasible in a competitive capitalism market.（2）Self-centered and selfless devotion① Americans self-centered performanceAmericans are self-centered consciousness and have a strong sense of independence, mainly reflected in:responsible for themselves, not accustomed to caring for others or helpingothers, they don’t asking others’business, as the initiative to help others or accept others’help is often a embarrassing thing in the United States.Because receiving help can only prove their incompetence,and the initiative to help others would be considered interference in other people’s private affairs .② Chinese people's selfless dedicationChina's Code of Conduct is “whether I am useful to society and others ." Personal values are reflected in the dedication out. Chinese culture respected a noble sentiment - selfless dedication. In China, helping others initiatively, giving them considerate care is a virtue.So Chinese people concerned about everything, including personal affairs, family affairs,national affairs, even the world affairs! And this would be regarded as "meddling" in the United States.（3）On individual freedom and solidarity①American individual freedomAmericans cherish individual freedom,like arbitrariness, come alone and go alone,do not want to be restricted.In fact, this has some ties with the United States national conditions.the United States always advocates democracy, promotes freedom and science.In the U.S., the spirit of individualism appeared very early. Harsh living environment developed the American independent personality.Therefore, this independent spirit from the early colonial period has continued ever since, becoming one of the spirits believed in by Americans.②China's unity and cooperationChinese cu lture emphasize on collectivism more, it advocates that individual interests should be subordinated to the collective interests, all members should go together through thick and thin consisitently. Confucius ever said: " Sacrifice ourlives for justice ," which is a extreme example to reflects the thoughts of “Weight overall, light individual”.2.Differences in family education（1）Differences between Chinese and American educational tradition① American pays much attention to the practice of basic education and the form of the classroom instruction creation American schools focus on heuristic teaching ,especially in personality development and self-expression, foster students’ operation ability, without emphasis on test scores. In the classroom, teachers guide students to think independently in an active atmosphere. Homework is few and very flexible whose main purpose is to exercise the abilities of students and to develop their thinking habits.② Chinese basic education stresses knowledge, classroom instruction focuses on indoctrinationIn Chinese schools, The schools adopt a unified teaching mode, unified learning content, unified examination and standard answers. This greatly stifle the students' innovative spirit. Under the examination-oriented education model, teachers and students entirely aimed at the examination. Teaching content entirely regards the "Outline" as the basis. In the teaching process, Chinese teachers irrigate blindly, and students take those old-fashioned knowledge by rote.（2）The purpose of the Sino-US Family Education① American families educational expectations are not highThe aim of education of American families is to raise their children to be a "social person" who is able to adapt to a variety of environments . The expectations of this purpose is not high, so the American parents can treat their children's education moreeasily. Children's positive ingredient in their personality can be exhumed maximally to achieve self-worth.② Chinese families educational expectations are very high, and always with strong utilitarianIn Chinese family, the purpose of education is to train their children to besuccessful , which means they will get a good career, have a great expectations, possess much money ,and their life can always be smooth sailing. For this reas on, Chinese parents are particularly concerned about the child's academic performance. The only requirement for children is to concentrate on learning quietly, ignoring the children’s other talents, limiting their creativity.3.Differences in social etiquette（1）Etiquette① Comparison of Sino-US Politeness WordsChinese people like to ask the name, age ,job ,hometown and so on of each other during their first meet. However , Americans hate people ask such questions like age and income, they think it’s private affair. Chinese people love greeting acquaintances like: Have you eaten ? Where to go? Work ah? And so on. In our view, this is a polite greetings, and if you do it to Americans, they will think you want to ask him to dinner, or interfere in their private affairs, and feel you disrespectful. Americans usually greet this way:”Hello! How do you do?”or”Nice to meet you! ”.② Comparison of attitude to accepting kind words of Sino-US Research shows that Chinese people don’t like to praise themselves. But Chinese-style self-modesty or self-denial often makes Americans greatly dissatisfied.For others’ praise, Chinese people usually express hishumility with a humble words like "ashamed", "where", "not so good" and so on. And Americans are always very happy to ans wer “thank you” to show acceptance.③ Comparison of Sino-US ceremonial occasionsChinese people do not often say "thanks" to close friends and family members. They think you aloof if you do. But Americans use “thank you” all day, even among friends and family members.(2) Customs① Sino-US attitude to giftsChinese people tend to put a gift aside without much looking when he receives a gift, fearing that others say him greedy. Americans always open his gift and claim it’s good in front of the guests immediately.② Sino-US attitude to hospitalityChinese people is quite hospitable, persuading guests to eat dishes or drink wines over and over again on the table, which Americans find difficult to deal with. The American habit is: Please help yourself! when China sent to the guests, the host usually say:! “Be careful, good-bye, go well”. The Americans only say “Bye! See you later!”In short, the American culture is outgoing culture which is built on the rule , while Chinese culture is introverted culture which is built on the culture.。
中美文化对比的英语作文
中美文化对比的英语作文In China, family is the most important thing. People often live with their parents and grandparents, and family gatherings are common. In America, people tend to move out and live on their own once they reach adulthood. Family gatherings are less frequent and often involve extended family members rather than just immediate family.Chinese culture values collectivism, harmony, and respect for authority. It emphasizes the importance offitting in and maintaining social harmony. American culture, on the other hand, values individualism, independence, and freedom of expression. It encourages people to stand outand be unique.In China, education is highly valued and parents often push their children to excel academically. There is astrong emphasis on memorization and rote learning. In America, there is a greater focus on critical thinking, creativity, and extracurricular activities. The educationsystem encourages students to think for themselves and pursue their passions.In Chinese culture, saving face and maintaining dignity are important. People often avoid confrontation and try to resolve conflicts in a harmonious manner. In American culture, direct communication and assertiveness are valued. People are encouraged to speak their minds and address issues openly.Traditional Chinese cuisine is often characterized by the use of fresh ingredients, subtle flavors, and a balance of textures. It often involves a variety of cooking methods such as steaming, stir-frying, and braising. American cuisine, on the other hand, is diverse and influenced by various cultures. It often emphasizes bold flavors, large portions, and a mix of cooking techniques.In China, the concept of "guanxi" (personal connections) plays a significant role in business and social interactions. Building and maintaining relationships is crucial for success. In America, there is a greateremphasis on professionalism, meritocracy, and competition. Networking is important, but it is often based on qualifications and achievements rather than personal connections.。
中美文化比较Religion differences of China and the United States
America embodies the yearning for a world beyond reality（超越现实的世 界）. Return
R e ligious ide a s
• China：shows the tendencies of diversified faith ,beliefs reflect the unique diversified Pan deified features and services in the dominant social value. • America:A unified faith is its religious foundation and pillar.
The Main Eligion of China
T a o is m
Is la m
C h ris tia n ity
The Maiபைடு நூலகம் Eligion of America
C h ris tia n ity
O rth o d o x
C a th o lic
J e w is h
1）N u m in o s ity （超自然性） 2）T h e h o ro u g h n e s s o f fa ith （信仰的 彻底性） 3）T h e tru s t o f a fte rlife h a p p in e s s (相信来世幸福) 4）T h e y b o th p u b lic iz e th e s p irit o f lo v e (弘扬爱的精神) 5）T h e y b o th m a in ta in th e n o rm a l o p e ra tio n o f th e h u m a n s o c ie ty .(具有维护人类社会正常运行的功 能)
中美文化差异英语初中短作文
中美文化差异英语初中短作文The world is a diverse and fascinating place, with countless cultures and traditions that have evolved over centuries. Two of the most prominent and influential cultures are those of China and the United States. While both countries have rich histories and unique identities, there are significant differences in their cultural norms, values, and practices. Understanding these differences is crucial for effective communication and cross-cultural understanding.One of the most striking differences between Chinese and American culture is the emphasis on collectivism versus individualism. Chinese culture is deeply rooted in Confucianism, which emphasizes the importance of family, social harmony, and the collective good over individual interests. In contrast, American culture is heavily influenced by the principles of individualism, where personal achievement, self-expression, and the pursuit of individual goals are highly valued.This cultural difference is reflected in various aspects of daily life. In China, the family unit is the fundamental building block of society,and individuals are expected to prioritize the needs and well-being of the family over their own desires. Filial piety, the respect and obedience towards elders, is a core tenet of Chinese culture. Children are often expected to follow the guidance and decisions of their parents, even into adulthood. This contrasts with the American emphasis on independence, where young adults are encouraged to pursue their own paths and make their own choices, often moving away from their families to do so.Another notable difference lies in the approach to education and academic achievement. In China, education is highly revered, and students are under immense pressure to excel academically. The Gaokao, China's national college entrance examination, is a pivotal event that determines the course of a student's future. Families often invest significant resources and time into ensuring their children's academic success, as it is seen as a pathway to social mobility and a secure future. In the United States, while education is also highly valued, the focus is often more on well-rounded development, including extracurricular activities, personal growth, and the exploration of diverse interests.The role of government and the individual's relationship with the state also differs significantly between the two cultures. China's political system is characterized by a strong, centralized government and a top-down approach to decision-making. Citizens are expectedto demonstrate loyalty and obedience to the state, and individual rights and freedoms are often subordinate to the collective good. In contrast, the United States is founded on the principles of democracy, where the government is seen as a servant of the people, and individual liberties and rights are fiercely protected.These cultural differences also manifest in the way people communicate and interact. Chinese culture emphasizes the importance of indirect communication, where subtle cues and contextual understanding are crucial for effective dialogue. Confrontation and direct criticism are often avoided, as they are seen as disruptive to social harmony. Americans, on the other hand, tend to be more direct in their communication style, valuing openness, assertiveness, and the direct expression of opinions and emotions.Furthermore, the concept of time and the pace of life differ significantly between the two cultures. Chinese culture is often characterized by a more relaxed, flexible approach to time, where punctuality is not always as highly valued as in the United States. The American culture, however, is known for its fast-paced, efficiency-driven approach, where time is seen as a valuable commodity and promptness is highly regarded.These cultural differences can have significant implications for cross-cultural interactions and understanding. Misunderstandings andmiscommunications can arise when individuals from these two cultures interact, leading to potential conflicts or misunderstandings. It is crucial for individuals to be aware of these differences and to approach cross-cultural encounters with empathy, patience, and a willingness to learn and adapt.In conclusion, the cultural differences between China and the United States are vast and multifaceted. From the emphasis on collectivism versus individualism, to the approach to education and the role of government, these two cultures have developed distinct worldviews and ways of life. Understanding and respecting these differences is essential for fostering effective communication, cooperation, and mutual understanding between the two countries. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, the ability to navigate and bridge these cultural divides will become increasingly important for individuals, businesses, and nations alike.。
Differences between the Chinese and American cultures 中美文化比较
摘要：中美文化有其共通之处，但也有很多的差异。
中国有着悠久的历史，经过长时间的文化积淀逐渐形成具有中国特色的传统文化。
美国虽然历史不长，但是美国文化已经成为世界的主流文化之一。
今天我们将从教育、宗教、饮食等方面来对比中美文化之间的异同，提高我们跨文化交际的能力。
关键字：中国，美国，文化异同，教育，宗教，饮食AbstractThere are some similarities between Chinese and American culture，but also kinds of differences。
China is a country that has a long history，in the long period cultural accumulation，the traditional culture with Chinese characteristics came into being。
Although the United S tates don’t have such a long history，American culture has become one of the mainstream culture in the world。
Today we’ll Compare the similarities and differences between Chinese and American cultures from three aspects:religion，education and food。
In this way，we can improve our ability of cross-culture communication。
Key words：China,America,similarities,differences,education,religion,food Differences between the Chinese and American culturesAs we know ,there are many differences between Chinese and American cultures. If we desire to learn about U.S or communicate with Americans in proper way ,it is necessary for us to know about cross-cultural communication. Cross-cultural communication (also referred to as intercultural communication) is a field of study that focus on how people from different cultural backgrounds communicate, in similar and different ways among themselves, and how they endeavor to communicate across cultures. Only if we are familiar with the similarities and differences can we avoid cultural conflicts and get along well with foreign friends. When you are conc erned about what you can do and what you can’t, your foreign friends will show respect for your national culture and there is no doubt that you can enhance the level of cross-culture communication .In the essay,I’ll talk about similarities and differences in three aspects between Chinese and American culture :religion ,food and festival.1.religionAmerica is remarkable now, as in the past,for its attachment to the principle of freedom of belief or disbelief . –The First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States indicates that "Congress shall make no law establishing religion, orprohibit the free exercise thereof."So you can choose your indivisual relision.According to the research, The largest religion in the US is Christianity, practiced by the majority of the population (76% in 2008)；Speaking in general terms, the contemporary American is a Christian country. A research indicates that most Americans believe the existence of Santa Clous, Christ Jesus and angel even after they have received edu cation and become adults. It’s easy to see the ingrained status of Christianity in the United States of America. Christianity has the idea that people have original sin, because human ancestors, Adam and eva had sinned, corrupt moral invaded their body, and transmitted to their descendants, the result is that all mankind have sin. Obviously, Christianity preached that man and God, the separation of man and nature. China is a multi-religious country, and Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Catholicism and Christian are the main religions in the country. Incomplete statistics show that there are more than 100 million religious followers in China with over 85 000 religious sites, over 3000 religious groups and some 74 religious colleges. Chinese people also enjoy the freedom of religious belief according to law, and regular religious activities are protected by the Constitution. All religious believers and non-religious people in the country respect for each other in beliefs and customs and live together in harmonies. While Chinese religion would emphasize that the harmony between man and nature, issues of life within a confined themselves, to solve problems with people- oriented. It’s quite different from the Christianity.2.foodGenerally speaking, we Chinese think food is very important to man. People often associate food with important holidays and the chance to meet distinguished guests. The Chinese food not only is very delicious and tasty but also very pleasing to your senses and many of dishes have very beautiful and fancy names. The Chinese have the food culture of our own which are quite different from westerners. In the west, people pay more attention to the nutrition of food rather than the looks of it. The cuisine and table manners are quite different from ours in a great extent.It is a very common practice we Chinese people say "Have you had your meal?" when they meeteach other around the time before or after meals. In fact, it is a kind of greeting to communicate with each other. But foreigners cannot understand that because they think why you ask me this. They tend to think you want to invite me to dinner or I am not rich enough to feed myself regularly but that is my business not yours. Chinese think food is very important and essential to people so it shows some care and concern about you. Very often it puzzles foreigners a lot that we ask and talk so much when we order our food in the restaurant. One reason is we ask what the food or the dish is and try to clarify it because you sometimes never know what the food is just according the name of the food until it is put on your table in the restaurant just. While most of western food has a simple and clear name and you know what it is when you hear the name. For instance, there is a traditional food call "fish and chips" in the UK. You see it is very obvious it is fried fish and potato chips. The reason for this in China is on the one hand to try to tell you the way it cooks such as cook, fry, grill and broil in the name and on the other it has beautiful good names so that you have a good imagination and association to let you have a good appetite.Generally speaking, we don't use much tableware when we have our meal in China. Mainly we have bowl, dishes, chopsticks and spoons, which we don't use very often. In serving English meals, they use so much tableware with different kinds and sizes. The Chinese do not know how to use them properly when they are invited to dinner in English family. For example there are different kinds of names for glasses in English, such as wine glass, cherry glass, brandy glass, beer glass, snifter glass, champion flute and high bowl. You can see tableware also show the food culture of different countries.cationUs’s higher education was considered as the best education in the world. Comparing the elementary education between American and China, people's universal view will be: China's elementary education aims to build the foundation of education with more study and less thought; while US's education aims to bulid such an education to raise the creativity with less study and more thought. the Chinesestudents study more, actually pay little attention to the practice, and cannot study for the purpose of 's education pays more attention to raise student's self-confidence,independence,spirit of supporting oneself, but China's education emphases on training the students to be strict,rigorous spiritual. When American school inspects the result of student, they emphasize more on the ability to analyze and solve the question but not the ability of memory or description. The American students donot need the mechanical memorizing, but display creative thought as far as possible; This can cultivate student's study interest, raise the ability of doing it byself and make the study be one kind of creative action.Conclusion:Chinese culure is broad and profound,but American culture also has its unique and style.After learning this class,I have a general impression on American culture,there are quite differences between Chinese and American culture.I think that it’s beneficial to be familiar to this differences for our cross-cultual communication.References[1]Luther S.Luedtke<The Society and Culture of the United States>America:United States information Agency,2003[2]托马斯﹒里克纳《美式家庭——品质教育家长对策》海南：海南出版社，2001年(2)[3]章创生《美国爸爸中国爸爸——向美国家长学教子》重庆：重庆出版社，2011(6)[4]董小川《美国文化概论》.北京：人民出版社，2006[5]铁梅《道教——中国道家文化百科999问》青海：青海人民出版社，2012(1)[6]赵林《西方宗教文化》武昌：武汉大学出版社，2011年(6)[7]学晏《佛家与管理》北京：社会科学文献出版社，2012年(6)[8]徐怀启《古代基督教史》上海：上海人民出版社，2012（6）[9]（美）米拉德﹒丁.艾利克森《基督教神学导论》上海：人民出版社，2012（6）[10]李维冰《中国饮食文化概论》北京：中国商业出版社，2006（6）[11]美国饮食文化，/view/2143412.htm。
关于中美文化的不同英语作文
关于中美文化的不同英语作文文化差异即是指因地区异同，各地区人们所特有的文化异同而产生的差异。
霍夫斯坦特认为:文化是在一个环境中的人们共同的心理程序，不是一种个体特征，而是具有相同的教育和生活经验的许多人所共有的心理程序。
下面就由小编给大家带来关于中美文化的不同英语作文，希望能够对大家有所帮助！关于中美文化的不同英语作文篇一文化差异何其大美国为何难以理解中国Do the events that led to the outbreak of the first world war carry lessons for the Sino-American relationship? A century ago it was the ascent of Germany under Kaiser Wilhelm I thatunsettled the world; today a rising China is roiling east Asia. Then, as now, domestic politicson both sides played a role; one that is too easily neglected.导致一战爆发的事件对中美关系有什么启发意义吗?一个世纪以前，德国在威廉一世(Kaiser Wilhelm I)领导下的崛起让世界感到不安;如今，中国的崛起让东亚感到不安。
当时和现在一样，对立双方的国内政治都发挥了作用——这是一个太容易被人们忽视的因素。
Why did Britain and Germany – linked by trade, dynastic ties, culture and religion – findthemselves at war in August 1914? In part, as historian Paul Kennedy has argued, it wasbecause London’s liberal ideology contributed to its perception of a growing German threat.1914年8月，存在贸易、王朝纽带、文化和宗教联系的英国和德国为何开战?从某种程度上来说，正如历史学家保罗肯尼迪(Paul Kennedy)所指出的，那是因为伦敦的自由主义意识形态强化了其关于德国威胁日益加剧的认识。
中美文化差异英文
02
To promote cultural exchange and multiple understanding between the two countries
03
To help individuals adapt to a new cultural environment and over some cultural barriers
中美文化差异英文
汇报人：XX
-24
• Introduction • Language and Communication Differences • Values and Beliefs Differences • Social Equity and Customs Differences • Education System Differences • Business Etiquette and Practices
Differences
01
Introduction
Purpose and Background
01
To increase awareness and understanding of cultural differences between China and the United States
要点二
Past Oriented Time Perspective in China
Chinese culture tens to have a past oriented time perspective, valuing tradition, history, and experience People may take a more flexible approach to time, allowing for unplanned events and socialization, and may view time as less rigid and more fluid
中西方宗教文化差异 (英文)
以老庄学说之“道”为最高教义的中国土生土长的宗教。
In Taoism's "Tao" as the supreme doctrine of China's
native religion.
Since the beginning of the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan
道
given surnames, since about 4700 history (Tao Li).
Religious taboo （宗教禁忌）
*Buddhism - diet taboo: one is not eating meat, including all animal
food and onions, garlic, leek and other spices food; two is not drinking. 佛教饮食禁忌；一是不吃荤，“荤”包括一切动物性食品和葱、蒜、 韭等辛香味食物；二是不饮酒
The origin of the religious
基督教Christian
Christianity originated in the year first Century, is one of the most number of religious belief the world. 基督教起源于公元1世纪，是世界上信仰人数最多的宗教 之一。 The Christian faith to Jesus Christ as Savior religion. 基督教是以信仰耶稣基督为救世主的宗教。 Including the Catholic, Orthodox, three Protestant sect. 包括天主教、东正教、新教三大教派分支。 The canon of Christianity is the "Bible". The characteristic is equality fraternity. 基督教的经典是《圣经》。特点是博爱、人人平等。
中美文化比较National differences of China and the United States
2.Historical
development
☞In 1635，Taiji（皇太极）repealed the title of "Jurchen"(女真)，and changed it to "manzhou"(满洲). ☞In 1636，Taiji changed the country's name to "qing"（清）. ☞ In 1644，Manchu killed Lizicheng(李自成)， occupied China，set up qing dynasty ☞In 1911,Revolution overthrew the Qing Dynasty.after that,chinese people are accustomed to call this ethnic group Manchu.
③Dress
Mayan women that live in Yucatan peninsula no matter young and old dress in a baggy white embroidered skirt,wearing colorful flowers on their head;And men dress in loose white clothes,wearing a straw hat,and straw sandals on his feet.But the Indian women on the central plateau love wearing embroidered blouses and stripe dress, wearing shawls called "suo" which are useful. This shawl can shade the sun and keep off the cold, can also be packing things.
东西方宗教文化差异(英文版)
original sin is the foundation of Christian theory and practice . Because human ancestors, Adam and eva had sinned, corrupt moral invaded their body, and Transmitted to their descendants, the result is men are guilty, all mankind have sin. because of this people are bound to die, and will were punished in all their life. We can see from the original sin all things of Christianity are classified into two worlds: the human world and God’s world. Person’s world is a world separated from God, and human’s world depends on God’s world, so everything is the communication between the two worlds and its results. Obviously, Christianity preached that man and God, the separation of man and nature. While Chinese religion would emphasize that the harmony between man and nature, issues of life within a confined themselves, to solve problems with peopleoriented. 原罪是基督教的理论与实践基础。因为人类的祖先，亚当和伊娃都是 有罪的，败坏道德的侵入他们的身体，并传送到他们的后代，其结果 是人是有罪的，所有人类的罪。因为这个人是会死的，会是一生的惩 罚。我们可以看到从原罪一切基督教分为两个世界：人类世界和神的 世界。人的世界是一个世界与神分离，与人的世界依赖于神的世界， 所以一切都是两个世界和它的结果之间的通信。显然，基督教宣扬， 神与人，人与自然的分离。而中国的宗教则强调人与自然的和谐，在 一个封闭的自己的生活问题，解决问题的人的。
东西方宗教文化差异ppt(英文版)
Literature:
From the two pictures, since ancient times, there is a close link between religion and literature. For example, Buddhism's "Jingang Jing", Christian "Bible". So religion comes from the literature, literature also comes from religion,they are complement each other.
Relationship: · Religious holiday drive the
development of tourism industry.
· The media on propaganda of the
religion promotes the tourism.
·The mutual promotion of religion
Architecture：
European church interior space is tall and mysterious, focusing on the use of light. Chinese temple interior space is smaller, and it is rich decorated in details. It is because that in the Christian philosophy, stress the unity of spirit and matter, but in Buddhism, tend to pay attention to yin and yang.
中国传统宗教与外国宗教的区别 英文
THE DIFFERENCEs BETWEENCHINESE TRADITION RELIGIONAND FOREIGN RELIGIONProduce BY ZY-LOFTER StudioBibliography and AuthorThe Story of the World by Susan Wise Bauera Global History by Leften Stavros StavrianosEditing and Production by Victer M.LeeDirectory1.CHINESE TRADITION RELIGION2. FOREIGN RELIGIOUS(1)Catholic(2)Puritan3. Summarized那个，暂时用一下中文哈~~以下内容涉及哲学，以及一些比较深远的东西，我怕我的小心脏受不了，先用一下中文，不过放心，到了西方我还是会用英文的，哇哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈中国传统传统宗教的三大特点1、不发达性。
梁启超说：“中国人迷信宗教之心，素称薄弱，《论语》曰：‘未能事人，焉能事鬼；未知生，焉知死’盖孔子之大义，浸入人心久矣。
”在这段话中，既指出中国人宗教观念淡薄这一特点，同时也找到了产生这一特点的原因。
中华民族在佛教没有传入中国以前，没有一个有组织的宗教，人们只是相信“天命”，信奉天上和地上的神祗，信奉最高的神灵上帝，因为人的生命吉凶全操在上帝和神祗的掌握中，因而乃有命运的信仰。
孔子说他“五十而知天命”，孟子乃主张“修身以立命”。
中国人从古到今，都怕得罪上天，孔子曾经说：“获罪于天，无所祷也。
”天命的思想，又造成中国政治制度上一个很重要的观念，就是皇帝受天命而王，代天行道，每一位皇帝在继承皇位时，必定说自己是“承天启运”，因而自称天之子。
这种近似宗教，又不是宗教的天命思想，从先秦至秦汉，已牢牢地占据了中国人的心灵。
周代以来还有一种思想左右着人们，那就是“天命靡常，惟德是辅”，皇帝在代天行道的同时，一定要注意自己的德政如何，若是不好就要受到上天的惩罚。
中西宗教观差异论文英文版
中西宗教观之比较AbstractThere are over 80 % of people are religious in the west , while in China , there are about 90 % are non-religious .What makes so big a contrast ? We can only get the answer when we take a look at the following aspects and then make an analysis to them :mode of thinking , point of vault , view to god and human , view to the eternity , the role of religion in a society , regality and divine authority as well as the relation between philosophy and religion .From the analysis we can see that there are vast diversity between China and the west world among those aspects listed above .It is the difference that makes different view and different attitude to the religion between Chinese people and the people in the west .Key words: view to the religion comparison study diversityA Comparison between Chinese and Western View ofReligionIntroductionAccording to a statistical data of the last century, the world population of more than 5.89 billion, of which 4.8 billion people of faith to participate in more than 1500 different religious denominations and religious activities. That is, in the world's population, more than 80% of the people are religious believers. While China In contrast, more than 90% are not religious believers. How formed huge gap? In this regard, Chinese and foreign scholars of common concern. Early in 1922 published "China's problems," a book, Russell said: "China is simply no religion, not just the upper classes so, but all the people alike."In religious terms, why is there such a big difference between China and western? Originally, beyond this life for the pursuit of human born with the desire to do Chinese people it is a special case?This paper tries to talk about the reasons why Chinese people is indifferent to religions concepts from Chinese and Western cultures and the view of religions.I.The differences on thinking structureIn the initial stage of the human mind, chaos, intuitive way of thinking and perception of integrity, is a common feature of human thinking. However, the ancient Greek as the representative of the West, "the development of a limited overall concept is the concept of material and form an entity separate from, and attribute analysis method", which "led to the traditional ideological origins of modern science." "And the ancient Chinese developed a holistic view of all things infinitely continuous communication, Dahua popular consciousness or an organic whole, the subject is more important than the specific analysis and understanding capabilities." Thus lanes of Western thinking, leading to subsequent differences in ways of thinking, customs and mental performance methods, etc. area. For example, Chinese people are accustomed to intuitive, symbolic way of thinking, so it tends to be more often the expression mystery from concrete, tended to by a realistic impressionistic; and Westerners accustomed to logical thinking, then good speculative, reanalysis and therefore earlier also quickly out of the body and spirit with that is, I was mixed primitive stage. Here present no better or worse than the other, and right or wrong, just thinking features different. This is the essence and roots of Western cultures differences reason.II.The differences on the view of valuesFrom the point of view of values, West and Chinese are very different. China is one of theworld's four ancient civilizations nation who is a long-term agricultural patriarchal society with the family as the basic unit of social reproduction and a relatively closed environment of self-sufficient economy gradually formed a kinship as a link to family-based. Loyalty and filial piety were the core values, although different periods show different content and features, such as moral values of Confucianism, Taoism naturalistic values, universal love utilitarian values Mohist, Legalists power utilitarian values. Chinese traditional morality is stressed on that in society, loyalty to serve the country, in family to be nice to your parents .In medieval Europe, it ruled theology, God is the source of the highest values, and Christian values is the whole social morality. "Bible" to encourage people to despise this life, will give their all to God, listen to the call of God are the eternal pursuit of transcendent values. The faithful concentrate wait on God, rather than concentrate wait Bong parents, wife not to be paramount.After the Renaissance, humanism Europeans replaced the feudal spirit of humanism, secular values also change the rights of man from God the privilege against medieval asceticism and the afterlife concept, advocated "liberty, equality, fraternity" as the basic values, the formation of individualism and egoism reasonable values, which further results in different values and Western religion.III.The differences on the view of the man of GodThere is a big difference on view from the man of God,. God's relationship with people is no religion must answer basic questions. In god (God) worship the premise of the Christian God who advocate separation.Western religious outlook understood that God is only a supreme god, is "now exists, has always existed, the future will exist ...... all in non-human flesh," God is a trinity of personality, and often work miracles in days and extraordinary events Inspiration their personality characteristics and indirect "absolutely his." Christian with the "love of God" and "love your neighbor as yourself" the two commandments between man and God, who with St. integration, the integration of individual experience eternal metaphysical value and a physical, having indirect Personality of metaphysical realism integration of individual experience and metaphysical have personality characteristics, in order to stimulate religious feelings of believers, the ultimate concern of the esoteric and the afterlife fantasy believers.China is different with western that stands for "unity of God." In ancient Chinese ancestor worship and worship God always naturally fit together. It is generally not purely separate ceremonies to worship heaven, heaven is often worship, the boundaries between God and man is very vague. In the private sector, some of the virtuous king, Fumiomi loyal, brave generals, and even some celebrities, paladin, etc., are revered as saints, to be a grand festival, because the people enshrined rise God or with God as protection.IV. The differences on the status and role in societyFrom religious status and role in society's point of view, in the West it is quite different. Religion plays an important role in Western societies, in Western Christian society, not just the God of the universe and human creators, nurturers, but also makers and arbiter of political and ethical order of the human world. Political and moral realm, for example, first, the primary source of the West to the "Bible" for the code of ethics, Christians generally believe that these guidelines from God.Secondly, the primary sources in the West, "the Bible" is also its political thought. Unlike other social ideology, religion is both conceptual and ideological superstructure, but also institutional superstructure; both inclusive art form, content and ethical philosophy, and set truth, goodness and beauty in one; either as moral ideals to influence society, but also as an organizational system to govern the faithful. Thus, the impact is even more profound, lasting, comprehensive and effective.China and the West, in the long term as a link to the blood of patriarchal society, their traditional religious faith and belief in ancestor worship core, "Heaven" as the model of the universe, the relationship between religion and politics should be subordinated to the natural economy highly dispersible and highly centralized absolute monarchy and combining complementary basic structure of society needs.In China, the political domination of religion, monarchy is greater than the theocracy, monarchy self-proclaimed emperor, claiming "monarchical Tianshou" by Destiny and the exercise of power, enjoys supreme authority, religion is only attached to the imperial power, under the imperial power construction and use, in order to spread and development.ConclusionThere are many differences between Chinese and western on the view to religions.We know the reasons and respect them .There is no right or wrong concepts to God, only differences. Therefore ,world become diversified.Bibliography:[1] 陈建新. 论中西方宗教的本质差异[J] . 阿贝师范高等专科学校. 2002[2] 刘承华. 中西宗教精神的不同[J]. 合肥教育学院学报. 2002[3] Dawson. Christopher. Religion and the Rise of Western Culture[M]. 1950。
中美宗教文化差异对比
中美宗教文化差异对比第一篇：中美宗教文化差异对比中美宗教文化差异对比——以基督教和佛教为例摘要：中美两国是东方文明和西方文明最典型的代表，二者在宗教文化上存在着巨大的差异。
美国是个非常宗教化的国家，人们的思想观念深受国内宗教及宗教团体的影响。
而我国作为一个社会主义国家，宗教的影响程度远远没有美国之深。
本文针对宗教在中美两国的影响力、价值观导向、社会作用、用语习惯等方面的不同产开论述，以期能够从宗教的角度来深入了解中美两国的差异。
关键词：宗教；文化对比；中美差异。
一、前言宗教文化体现着一个时期内人的情感、思想和信仰，也反映着一个时代里政治、经济和文化的理念。
在社会生产力水平相对较高的今天，宗教作为政治工具的时代已经逝去，它重新成为一种信仰和文化的体现，在人们的日常生活中发挥至关重要的作用。
通过宗教我们可以清楚地窥见人类社会，因此，正确地认识宗教文化差异有助于我们更好地理解中美差异，更有效地进行交流和增进了解。
二、中美宗教信仰差异美国虽然是个多民族、多宗教的国家，有基督教、天主教、犹太教、东正教、佛教、伊斯兰教、道教等，但是基督教毫无疑问占有绝对优势，有数据表明，在美国有信仰宗教的人数中，约有85%的人声明自己是信仰基督教。
以基督教的教义《圣经》为例，它始终是美国最为畅销的书籍之一，年销量高达900万册左右。
所以，基督教实际上是美国的国教，基督教文化也是美国的主流文化。
中国人信仰比较复杂，主要信的教有佛教、道教、伊斯兰教、基督教等等，但以信仰佛教的人数最多，但差距不是十分巨大。
三、中美信教人数的差异美国是个宗教色彩很浓厚的国家。
据资料显示有30多万个基督教教堂、犹太教会堂、清真寺以及其他宗教活动场所。
根据有关调查，82％的美国人认为自己信仰宗教。
前美国总统布什在清华大学的演讲中更是说有95％的美国人自称信仰上帝。
另一方面，美国是体育大国，但美国人花在宗教上的时间和金钱远比体育方面多。
据有关报道，美国一年参加宗教活动的人数约为观看各种职业或大学体育比赛人数的13倍，美国一年捐献给宗教事业的资金总额约为花费在橄榄球、棒球和篮球三大联赛上的资金总额的14倍。
中美文化对比：宗教
1
10
02
Part Two
Religion in China and America
2015/11/5
1
Religion in China and America
I.
a.
The main religions In China
Confucianism
Confucianism is based on Confucius (Kongzi 孔子, c.551-479 BC) who was a philosopher and political theorist. Confucianism has continued to deeply influence the cultural background of Chinese people in their daily lives.
1 19
03
Part Three
Comparison and analysis about religion
2015/11/5
Hale Waihona Puke 1Comparison and analysis about religion
In America
There is a wide diversity in religious beliefs and practices , and also a high adherence level. Christianity dominates all the religious belief. There are stable amount of religion followers
1
4
A brief introduction about religion
02中西宗教文化对比
中西宗教文化对比Objectives：●Learn about the types of Chinese and western religions.●Master the differences between Chinese and Western Religions.I世界宗教变迁史Abraham亚伯拉罕，Buddha佛陀（Buddhism佛教）Jesus耶稣（Christianity基督教）Muhammad默罕默德，Religion is a particular system of beliefs in a god or gods and the activities that are connected with this system.II Religions in ChinaChina is a multi-religion country. There are Taoism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Islam, Christianity and other folk religions.2.1 BuddhismIt was, originated in India, founded by Sakyamuni ['sɑ:kjəmuni] and introduced into China in the first century. The theory of Buddhism is based on theory of samsara [sʌm'sɑːrə] (轮回), meaning that living beings orbit around the six spheres of heaven, hell and earth, just like an ever-turning wheel. The path of a Buddhist is to achieve enlightenment. It is believed that everything in the world is changing, transient and unreal. There is no independent entity or dictator.2.2Taoism/Taoist religion:Taoist religion, also called “Religion of Five Dou of Rice” as early followers had to pay five dou of rice, was founded by Zhang Daoling in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It evolves out of witchcraft and necromancy and self-cultivation techniques. Its highest belief is called Dao and its bible is Dao De Jing by Lao Zi who was revered as the originator and was called “Taishang Laojun (太上老君)”.2.3 IslamIslam was introduced into China in the seventh century. Islam means submission and obedience. One can achieve real peace of body and mind only through submission and obedience to Allah['ælə]. The word Islamic in Chinese literally means “pure and sincere(清真)”.2.4 ConfucianismIn the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wudi instituted t he campaign of “banning all schools of thought except Confucianism” so that Confucianism became an orthodox school serving as the ideological foundation of the feudal rule throughout the dynasties in China.The traditional Chinese religion has a patriarchal character, which centers on Confucianism along with Taoism, Buddhism and other religions.III Religions in the Western WorldChristianity:Christianity, as the dominant religion in the western countries, began by Jesus Christ as a Jewish sect in the middle east in the mid-1st century.●belief in God the Father, Jesus Christ as the Son of God and the Holy Spirit (trinity)●the death, descent [dɪ'sɛnt]下降into hell, resurrection [,rɛzə'rɛkʃən]复活, and ascension [ə'sɛnʃən] of Christ耶稣升天●the holiness of the Church and the original sin圣徒相通; 所有基督教徒——无论生死——间的精神伙伴关系●Christ's second coming, the Day of Judgement and salvation of the faithful.IV Comparison between Chinese and Western Religions1.Religious Worship宗教崇拜●Ancestor Worship & Jesus Worship祖先崇拜&基督崇拜●Human of Attaining Enlightenment V.S. The One True God得道高人v.s.先天真神●Polytheism ['pɒlɪ,θiːɪz(ə)m] V.S. Monotheism ['mɒnə(ʊ),θiːɪz(ə)m] 多元v.s.一元2.Religious Belief宗教信念Unity of Man and Nature & Separation of Body and Soul天人合一&灵肉分离3.Religious Experience宗教体验Praying with Awe & Salvation from Sin敬畏祈福&罪恶救赎4.Religious System宗教制度Royalty and Magisterium[,mædʒɪ'stɪərɪəm]王权与教权5.Religious Ritua宗教仪式Baptism 洗礼is a Christian rite of admission and adoption，almost invariably with the use of water, into the Christian Church generally and also a particular church doctrine. The usual form of baptism among the earliest Christians was for theMass (liturgy| ‘lɪtə(r)dʒɪ|)弥撒/礼拜仪式: On Sundays, Christians go to church to attend a church service. Liturgy includes introductory rites 进堂礼, liturgy of the word布道, the prayers of the people祈祷, liturgy of the Eucharist圣餐, and concluding rite礼成.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Harvard University
Yale University
Princeton University
the effects of religion on American movies
• A common phenomenon we always see in the American movie is that the hero often considers himself as a savior. So as the country. The United States often invade other countries in the name of helping and improving. All of these come from their religion, Puritanism（清教主 义）. Furthermore, it contributed to the hegemony （霸权主义）of the United States to some degree.
Various American presidents have often stated the importance of religion. On 20 February 1955, President Dwight D. Eisenhower stated that "Recognition of the Supreme Being is the first, the most basic, expression of Americanism." President Gerald Ford agreed with and repeated this statement in 1974.
religious culture
In China
AND
in America
• Gallup International indicates that 41% of American citizens report they regularly attend religious services, compared to 15% of French citizens, 10% of UK citizens, and 7.5% of Australian citizens.
hold that Jesus‘ coming was the fulfillment of messianic prophecies of the Old Testament(旧约). The core Christian belief is that, through the
death and resurrection of Jesus, sinful humans are reconciled to God
Palestinian territory in a mid-century and break away from Judaism as an independent religion in135 years. In Christianity，Jesus was considered
as the Son of God and the Messiah or Christ. According to the Gospels(福音书), Jesus was conceived by the Holy Spirit and born from the Virgin Mary（圣母玛利亚）. Christians believe that, as the Messiah （弥赛亚），Jesus was anointed as ruler and savior of humanity, and
IN GOD WE TRUST !我们相 信上帝！
In American army，there are always some clergy .
the effects of religion on education
• Development of education in America was much influenced by religion in the early stages before and after independene.85% of American primary and middle school students are in the mission schools . Harvard, Yale, Princeton and many other famous American university founded by the church.
• Jesus resurrected from the dead in physical form • Hell is a place of punishment • Jesus will return to the earth
Religious influence on the United States
fatherhood of God”
From left, Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard
Nixon, Billy Graham and Spiro Agnew at
the inaugural podium in 1969.
Chinese Religion
• China is a multi-religious country, and Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Catholicism and Christianity are the main religions in the country. Incomplete statistics show that there are more than 100 million religious followers in China with over 85 000 religious sites, over 3000 religious groups and some 74 religious colleges. Chinese people enjoy the freedom of religious belief according to law, and regular religious activities are protected by the Constitution.
37.3%) • Judaism (1.2% to 2.2%) 犹太教 • Islam (0.6% to 2.6%) 伊斯兰教 • Buddhism (0.5% to 0.9%) 佛教 • Hinduism (0.4%) 印度教 • Oianity is rooted in Judaism（犹太教） and founded by Jesus in the
Basic Christian Beliefs
• There is only one God • God is three in one or a Trinity • God is love • God is the creator of everything that exists • The Holy Spirit is God • Jesus is fully God and fully man • All people have sinned • Death came into the world through Adam's sin • Salvation is a free gift of God • Jesus died for the sins of each and every person in the world • The Bible is the "inspired" or "God-breathed," Word of God
religious loyalty. As
President, Richard Nixon
had the evangelist Billy
Graham appear beside him
on suitable occasions,
Hubert Humphrey
campaigned for “the
brother of man under the
Chinese traditional religion
Buddhism
Confucianism
Taoism
Confucianism
• Confucianism was regarded as an ethic-political system in ancient China. As opted as the orthodox thinking system for more than 2000 years in Western Han Dynasty (206 BC - 24 AD), Confucianism has exerted a profound influence on the civilization of China. Its greatest contribution to the Chinese nation is that it has shaped and moulded the Chinese character and national soul as well as establishing the complete system of knowledge.
and thereby given salvation and the promise of eternal life.
Why do so many Americans take an oath devoutly religious beliefs？