高考英语语法必考：形容词和副词

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 高考英语语法必考：形容词和副词

【考点解读】一、基本用法形容词的基本用法如下表：句法功能作定语作表语作宾语补足语作主语补足语作主语或宾语(与the 或所有格连用) 作伴随状语例句 The research lacks solid evidence and therefore its conclusions are doubtful. (2012·浙江 Trains are fast and convenient but rush hours can be terrible. Life is hard there and the mountains make communications difficult. The upper closet was found empty.On buses the young offer their seats to the old the sick and the disabled.The survivors lay on the beach exhausted and shocked.副词的基本用法如下表：句法功能修饰动词作状语修饰形容词修饰其他副词修饰全句作表语作定语作宾语补足语例句 We used to see each other regularly but I haven’t heard from him since last year. (2 Wang Wei can be really stubborn. Neither Tom nor Susan can swim very well. Obviously there is much room for improvement in our work. Michael is abroad. Which is the way out？ I am very glad to see you back.二、形容词和副词的比较等级形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级、比较级和最高级。

1．比较级和最高级的构成 (1)规则形式①单音节以及少数以-ow(如 narrow)结尾的双音节形容词或副词，在原级后加-er -est 构成。

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如： clever － cleverer － cleverest。其他特殊变化见下表：1

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 特殊情况以 e 结尾以“辅音字母＋y”结尾以重读闭音节结尾构成方式加-r 和-st变 y 为 i 再加 -er 和-est 双写词尾，再加 -er 和-esthappy － happier － happiesthot－hotter－hottest例词brave － braver －bravest②多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词，在原级前加 more most 构成。

active －more active －most active happily －more happily － most happily (2)不规则形式 good/well － better －best far －farther/further －farthest/furthest bad /ill /badly － worse － worst old － older/elder －oldest/eldest many/much － more － most little － less － least 2．基本用法 (1)两者相比(甲＝乙)，用“as＋原级＋as”表示。

For cheerleaders their sport is just as serious as baxxxxseball or football. 【温馨提示】在同等比较级中，若同时出现形容词修饰单数可数名词，其语序为：as＋adj.＋a＋n.＋ as。

I have never had as boring a day as today. (2)两者相比(甲<乙)，用“not as/so＋原级＋as”表示。

Unfortunately my wife isn’t so fond of them as I am. (3)两者相比(甲>乙)，用“比较级＋than”表示，(甲<乙)用“less＋原级＋than”表示。

Seeking information on the Internet is more convenient than searching in a library. 【温馨提示】在实际运用中，than 从句

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常常省略，要通过上下文来理解。

Traveling from place to place is now so much cheaper and easier. (4)三个或三个以上的人或事物比较，表示最高程度时，用“the＋最高级＋比较范围”表示。

During the 1990s Michael Jordan was probably the best-known basketball plaxxxxyer in the world. 【温馨提示】有时形容词最高级前不用 the，句中的 most 相当于 very 意为“非常；十分”。

如： I am most happy to get your e-mail. 3．特殊用法(1)“比较级＋and＋比较级”和“more and more＋原级”表示“越来越……”，其反义词组为“less and less＋原级”。

In many ways my disability has made me grow more and more independent. (2)“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”表示“越……，就越……”。

The more upset I got the less I was able to concentrate.

(3)“more＋原级＋than”表示“与其说……不如说……”。

The girl was more frightened than hurt.2