政治英语
Politics政治英孚英语资料
Civil rights民权词汇这里是一些谈论civil rights（民权）问题的有用搭配。
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. struggled to attain his goals peacefully. 马丁路德金博士为了和平实现目标努力奋斗。
He championed the cause of poor people everywhere. 他到处维护穷人的利益。
He wanted to eradicate poverty. 他想消除疾病和贫穷。
用定冠词the + 一个形容词来表示一类人，比如，the sick、the poor 和the rich。
poor 的名词形式是poverty，wealth 是wealthy 的名词形式。
There's a big gap between the rich and the poor. 富人和穷人之间的差距很大。
So many people live in poverty, while so few hold the wealth. 生活在贫困中的人是那么多，而富裕的人却又那么少。
美国人有时通过种族来表明身份。
African Americans或black people的祖先来自非洲。
其他族群包括Asian Americans；American Indians或Native Americans；以及Latinos或Hispanics。
政府和其他机构用自己的语言来定义美国居民，有时候这个族群的定义很广（比如，Caucasian 表示拥有不同祖先的white people），有时又比较窄（for example, 'Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander'）。
我们需要知道的是族群的叫法有可能是个敏感话题，这方面的争论超越了地域、时代、甚至社会和政治界限。
Dr. King fought for civil rights for African Americans. 金博士为了非裔美国人的民权而战。
政治、英语、专业基础、专业综合
政治、英语、专业基础、专业综合教育学门类考研科目为3门，其中应用心理学考研科目为政治、英语、专业基础、专业综合，满分分别为100分、100分、300分，具体可以在学校当年公布的招生专业目录查看。
考研科目介绍：
1、政治：全称为思想政治理论，为全国统考科目，代码为101。
2、英语：也是全国统考科目，通常学硕考英语（一），专硕考英语（二），代码分别为201和204，另外要求较高的院校，专硕也会考英语（一）。
3、专业基础综合：通常为统考312心理学专业基础，不过也有部分院校是学校自主命题。
政治英语翻译
For four years in a row（连续四年）a year-on-year increase（比上年增加）reform and opening up policy（改革开放政策）social programs（社会事业）per capita（每人的，人均的）after adjusting for inflation（扣除价格因素）moderately prosperous society（小康社会）macroeconomic regulatory（宏观调控）new socialist countryside（社会主义新农村）pursuant to the law（依法）rural migrant workers in cities（农民工）surplus production capacity（生产力过剩）opened to traffic（通车）energy conservation（节能）state-owned enterprises（国有企业）civil servant（公务员）made breakthroughs（取得突破）compulsory education（义务教育）miscellaneous fees（杂费）boarding schools（寄宿制学校）distance education（远程教育）secondary vocational schools（中等职业学校）incorporated villages（行政村）unincorporated villages（自然村）After years of effort（经过多年努力）basic cost of living allowances（最低生活保障）autonomous regions（自治区）free our minds（解放思想）keep pace with the times（与时俱进）Chinese socialism（中国特色社会主义）social harmony（社会和谐）special administrative regions（特别行政区）prudent fiscal policy.（稳健的财政政策）boosting domestic demand（扩大内需）cutting-edge（前沿）displaced residents（（三峡）移民）non-publicly funded schools（民办学校）school year（学年）communicable diseases（传染病）social safety net（社会保障）discharged military personnel（退伍军人）pyramid schemes（传销）pilot project（试点）Income Tax（所得税）futures market（期货市场）high value-added（高附加值）high-end（高端）cutthroat competition（恶性竞争）combat corruption（反腐）hand over foot（大手大脚）plug up loopholes（堵塞漏洞）People's Armed Police（武警）starting point and objective（出发点和落脚点）socialist market economy（社会主义市场经济）Scientific Outlook on Development（科学发展观）harmonious socialist society（社会主义和谐社会）tailor measures to suit local conditions（因地制宜）South-to-North Water Diversion Project（南水北调）administrative examination and approval（行政审批）follow a realistic and pragmatic approach（实事求是）exercise activities for the general public（全民健身活动）large-scale development of the western region（西部大开发）processing industry for agricultural products（农产品加工业）municipalities directly under the central government（直辖市）primary, secondary and tertiary industry（第一第二第三产业）deliver a good report to the people.（向人民交出满意的答卷）socialist cultural and ethical progress（社会主义精神文明建设）give full play to the initiative of each.（充分发挥各自的积极性）registering the third consecutive annual increase（连续三年增加）physically and mentally challenged persons（残疾人，肢残和智残）resource-conserving and environmentally friendly society.（资源节约型和环境友好型社会）ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development.（让全体人民共享改革发展的成果）。
考研英语政治的考试时间
考研英语政治的考试时间在考研备考过程中，英语政治是许多考生的重要科目之一。
为了更好地规划备考时间和提高备考效率，了解考研英语政治的考试时间是非常必要的。
本文将详细介绍考研英语政治的考试时间安排，以帮助考生更好地制定备考计划。
一、考试时间考研英语政治的考试时间一般在全国范围内统一确定。
根据往年的考试经验，考研英语政治的考试时间通常在每年的12月份进行。
具体的考试日期由教育部研究生教育招生与考试中心确定，并在其官方网站公布。
二、考试科目考研英语政治主要包括政治理论基础知识和政治实务两个部分。
具体考试科目包括：1.政治理论基础知识：主要涉及政治学、马克思主义理论等基本知识，如政治学基本概念、国家理论、政治制度与国家机构、政党与选举制度等内容。
2.政治实务：主要涉及中国的政治制度、政治文化、政府与政治组织、公共管理等内容，以及与国际政治有关的知识。
三、考试形式考研英语政治的考试形式主要通过笔试实施，即考生需要在规定的考试时间内完成试卷上的答题。
试卷一般由单选题、多选题和简答题构成。
1.单选题：考生需要从给定的选项中选择正确的答案。
这些题目旨在考察考生对基本理论知识的掌握和理解。
2.多选题：考生需要从给定的选项中选择多个正确的答案。
多选题的难度相对较高，需要考生对知识点的全面掌握和灵活运用。
3.简答题：考生需要对给定的问题进行简要回答，展示自己对相关知识的理解和分析能力。
答题要求包括概念解释、案例分析、政策评价等。
四、备考建议1.设定学习计划：根据自身的时间安排和备考进度，制定合理的学习计划。
合理分配时间，保证每个知识点都能够得到充分的复习。
2.多练习题：通过做题巩固知识，提高解题能力。
多利用历年真题和模拟题进行练习，熟悉考试题型和题目难度。
3.注重重点内容：根据往年考试的趋势和重点，重点复习各个知识点的核心内容。
注重掌握基本概念和理论，关注政治实务的热点问题。
4.注意备考方法：选择适合自己的备考方法，如记忆法、整理法、归纳法等。
(2021年整理)中国政治英语词汇
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同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
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(第一课) 讀中文做口譯中国政体与国策I. 中国共产党中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China 中国共产党中央委员会总书记General secretary of the Central Party Committee中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CP 中央书记处Secretariat of the Central Party Committee中央军事委员会Central Military Commission of the CPC （总后勤部 the General Logistics Department） (第二炮兵司令部 the Headquarters of the 2nd Artillery Corps) （中国人民警察the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force) (国民自卫队 the Militia）中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC 中央宣传部Publicity Department， CCCPC中央统一战线部United Front Work Department， CCCPC中央对外联络部International Liaison Department, CCCPC中央政法委员会Committee of Political and Legislative Affairs， CCCPC中央党校Party School of the CPC中央档案馆Archives Bureau, CCCPCII。
有关政治英语作文
有关政治英语作文The Importance of Political Participation。
Political participation is a crucial aspect of any democratic society. It involves the active involvement of citizens in the political process, including voting,joining political parties, and engaging in public debates. In recent years, there has been a decline in political participation in many countries, which has raised concerns about the health of democracy. This essay will explore the importance of political participation and the implications of its decline.First and foremost, political participation isessential for the functioning of a democratic society. In a democracy, the government is elected by the people, and it is expected to represent their interests and values. However, if citizens do not participate in the political process, their voices will not be heard, and their needs will not be addressed. This can lead to a disconnectbetween the government and the people, and ultimately undermine the legitimacy of the political system.Moreover, political participation is a fundamentalright of citizens in a democracy. It is a way for individuals to express their views, hold their leaders accountable, and contribute to the decision-making process. By participating in elections, citizens can choose the leaders who will govern them and shape the policies that will affect their lives. This not only empowers individuals but also ensures that the government is responsive to the needs of the people.Furthermore, political participation is essential for the promotion of social and political change. Throughout history, many significant social and political movements have been driven by the active involvement of citizens. Whether it is the civil rights movement in the United States or the anti-apartheid movement in South Africa, political participation has been instrumental in bringing about positive change and advancing the cause of justice and equality.Despite its importance, political participation has been on the decline in many countries. There are several factors that have contributed to this trend. One of the main reasons is the growing disillusionment with the political establishment. Many people feel that their voices are not being heard, and that the political system is dominated by a small elite. This has led to apathy and disengagement from the political process.Another factor is the rise of social media and digital technology, which has changed the way people engage with politics. While social media has the potential to mobilize people and raise awareness about political issues, it has also led to the spread of misinformation and the polarization of public discourse. This has made it more challenging for individuals to make informed decisions and engage in meaningful political participation.To address the decline in political participation, it is essential to take proactive measures to engage citizens in the political process. This can be done througheducation and outreach programs that inform people about their rights and responsibilities as citizens. It is also crucial to create opportunities for meaningful participation, such as town hall meetings, public forums, and community organizing efforts.In conclusion, political participation is a cornerstone of democracy, and its decline poses a significant threat to the health of democratic societies. It is essential for citizens to actively engage in the political process, as it is the only way to ensure that their voices are heard and their interests are represented. By promoting political participation, we can strengthen democracy and create a more just and equitable society for all.。
英语政治测试题型及答案
英语政治测试题型及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 以下哪个选项是英语中表示“政治”的单词？A. PoliticsB. PoliticianC. PolicyD. Poll答案：A2. 英语中“宪法”一词的正确表达是：A. ConstitutionB. ConventionC. ContractD. Covenant答案：A3. 根据题目所给的选项，哪个选项是“选举”的英文表达？A. ElectionB. SelectionC. EjectionD. Collection答案：A4. 英语中“议会”一词的正确表达是：A. ParliamentC. AssemblyD. Congress答案：A5. 下列哪个选项是“政策”的英文表达？A. PolicyB. PoliceC. PoliticianD. Politics答案：A6. 英语中“民主”一词的正确表达是：A. DemocracyB. MonarchyC. RepublicD. Dictatorship答案：A7. 以下哪个选项是“立法”的英文表达？A. LegislationB. RegulationC. AdministrationD. Jurisdiction答案：A8. 英语中“政党”一词的正确表达是：B. ParadeC. ParadeD. Parade答案：A9. 根据题目所给的选项，哪个选项是“外交”的英文表达？A. DiplomacyB. DiplomaC. DiplomatD. Diplomacy答案：A10. 英语中“国际关系”一词的正确表达是：A. International RelationsB. International RegulationsC. International RulesD. International Rights答案：A二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. The United Nations is an international organization that aims to maintain international peace and ________.答案：security12. The ________ system is a fundamental political system in many countries.答案：democratic13. A ________ is a person who is elected to represent the interests of the people in a legislative body.答案：representative14. The ________ is the highest law of the land in many countries.答案：Constitution15. The ________ is responsible for making and enforcing laws.答案：legislature16. The ________ is the process by which citizens elect their leaders.答案：election17. A ________ is a document that outlines the fundamental principles of a country's political system.答案：Constitution18. The ________ is the branch of government that interprets and applies the law.答案：judiciary19. The ________ is the highest-ranking official in a country, often elected by the people.答案：president20. The ________ is the process by which a country's foreign policy is conducted.答案：diplomacy三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）21. 简述民主制度的基本特征。
政治英语
第十章政治英语词汇“Agriculture, Countryside and Farmer” issues三农问题"bringing in" and "going out" “引进来”和“走出去”政策"eight do's" and "eight don'ts" “八个坚持、八个反对”Four Cardinal Principles 四项基本原则Four modernizations 四个现代化（农、工、国防、科技）"one china, one Taiwan" “一中一台”“one country, two systems”“一国两制”“south -south cooperation”“南南合作”"Taiwan independence" “台湾独立”"two Chinas" “两个中国”“Three Represents”“三个代表”three direct links (mail, air and shipping services and trad e) （两岸）直接三通the eight-point proposal 八项主张the five principles of peaceful coexistence 和平共处五项原则the fourth plenary session 四中全会the ninth five-year plan (1996-2000) “九五”计划the tenth five-year plan (2001-2005) “十五”计划the third plenary session of the eleventh central committee 十一届三中全会the three major historical tasks 三大历史任务the three Sino-Us joint communiqués《中美三个联合公报》three favorables 三个有利于16th party congress 十六大23 million Taiwan compatriots 两千三百万台湾同胞a well-off standard 小康水平a well-off society 小康社会advance the development of the western region 推进西部大开发advances with the times 与时代发展同步伐at the proper time and to an appropriate degree 适时适度attempts to split the country 各种分裂图谋blazing new trails in a pioneering spirit 开拓创新build a well-off society in an all-round way 全面建设小康社会building a moderately prosperous society in all respects 全面建设小康社会build a clean and honest government 廉政建设build a conservation-minded society 建设(资源)节约型社会china's cross-century development 我国的跨世纪发展china's international standing 我国的国际地位china's overall national strength 我国综合国力citizens' participation in political affairs 公民政治参与civic duty 公民职责civil rights / civil liberties 公民权利、自由civil servants 公务员creativity, cohesion and fighting capacity 创造力、凝聚力和战斗力cross-straits negotiations 两岸谈判cross-straits relations 两岸关系crucial historical juncture 重大历史关头democratic decision-making 民主决策democratic elections 民主选举democratic management 民主管理Democratic Progressive Party 民进党democratic supervision 民主监督Deng Xiaoping theory 邓小平理论deputy to the National People's Congress 全国人大代表extensive and profound 博大精深extravagance and waste 铺张浪费falsification 弄虚作假family planning 计划生育federations of industry 工商联fetters of subjectivism and metaphysics 主观主义和形而上学的桎梏fight against "Taiwan Independence"反对“台独”good-neighborly relationship 睦邻友好government functions 政府职能government institutions 政府机构government intervention 政府干预government organs 政府机构(have) a good government and a united people 政通人和historic breakthrough 历史性突破hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping theory 高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜honesty 诚实守信honesty and high efficiency 廉洁高效Hong Kong And Macao special administrative regions 香港、澳门特别行政区ideological and moral education 思想道德建设intellectuals 知识分子intensify functions 强化功能international organizations 国际性组织international situation 国际形势iron out differences 化解歧见keep pace with the times 与时俱进kingpin 支撑long-term peace and order 长治久安long-term social stability and solidarity 长期社会安定团结Macao 澳门Mao Zedong thought 毛泽东思想Marxism Leninism 马克思列宁主义mass organizations 人民团体masters of the country 当家作主material and cultural needs of the people 人民的物质文化需要material and spiritual civilization 物质文明和精神文明media and publicity work 宣传舆论工作moral kingpin 精神支撑morality, intelligence, physique and art 德智体美national rejuvenation through science and education 科教兴国national reunification 祖国统一national spirit 民族精神negotiations on peaceful reunification 和平统一谈判neighborhood committee 居委会NPC member 人大代表our compatriots in Taiwan 台湾同胞our compatriots in the Hong Kong SAR 香港特别行政区同胞our compatriots in the Macao SAR 澳门特别行政区同胞patriots from all walks of life 各界爱国人士patriotic democratic personages 爱国民主人士patriotic united front 爱国统一战线peace and development 和平与发展（副）总统, (vice-)president（副）主席, (vice-)chairman/chairperson总书记, General secretary（副）委员长, (vice)chairman（副）总理, (vice)premier（副）部长, (vice)minister（副）主任, (deputy)director（副）局长, (vice)bureau-director（副）省长, (vice)provincial governor（副）市长, (vice)mayor/mayoress（副）县长, (vice)head of a county（副）处长, (deputy) division chief（副）科长, (deputy)section chief政治思想教育, Political and ideological education思想政治工作, Political and ideological work共产主义道德品质, Communist ethics中共中央, The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China西部开发, The development of China’s west国务院开发研究中心, The Development Research Center of the State Coun cil发展是硬道理, Development is the absolute/cardinal truth.“三个代表”思想, The “Three Represents” theory党的基本路线, The Party’s basic line自觉与党中央保持一致, To conscientiously be in line with the Party ce nter跨世纪领导干部, Cross-century leadership领导干部要讲政治, Leading cadres should be politically minded领导干部要讲学习, Leading cadres should highlight the importance of l earning领导干部要讲正气, Leading cadres should adhere to moral integrity官僚主义工作作风, Working styles of bureaucracy相互包庇, Cover each other’s demerits改革的步子更大些, Take bolder and wider steps in reform政治体制改革, The reform in the political system政治民主化, Political democratization居委会, Neighborhood committee民政部门, The ministry of civil affairs实事求是, Call a spade a spade (to seek truth on the basis of facts)解放思想, Emancipate the mind转变观念, Transform the old mindset在官方的监督下, Under official surveillance地方保护主义, Regional protectionism拜金主义, Money worship/mammonism形式主义, Formalism行贿, Practice bribery索贿, Demand briberies from受礼, Receive gifts反对贪污受贿, To fight against corruption and bribery走过场, Make it a mere ceremony/formality居功自傲, To pride oneself on past achievements/become conceited due to one’s merits唯利是图, Profit-motivated/profit seeking血洗耻辱, To wipe out the disgrace德才兼备, With/showing both professional ability and political integr ity道德准则, Ethical code抓住时机, Seize the right/current opportunity蔚然成风, To become a common practice合法权益, Lawful rights and interests廉洁自律, To perform one’s duty honestly and faithfully反腐倡廉, To combat corruption and build up a clean and honest govern ment廉政建设, To build up a clean government贪污腐败, Corruption惩治腐败, To combat corruption政治腐败, Political corrosion/degeneration腐化堕落, Morally degenerate生活腐化, Lead a lavish and dissolute/dissipated life推卸责任, The shift responsibilities to others豪华住宅, A luxurious residence扫黄运动, An anti-pornography campaign以权谋私, To abuse one’s power for personal interests权钱交易, To trade power for money违法乱纪, Violate laws and disciplines侵吞公款, Embezzlement of public funds公款吃喝, To enjoy banquets on public expense公款出国旅游, Sightseeing tours abroad on public funds不得人心, To lose popularity among the people引起公愤, To provoke popular indignation和稀泥, To blur the line between right and wrong扯皮, Dispute over trifles拉山头, To form a faction穿小鞋, Give sb. a pair of light shoes to wear/make things hard for s b. by abusing one’s power挨整（成为众矢之的）, To become the target of attack/be under fire请客送礼, To invite guests to dinner and give tem gifts拉关系, Try to establish a rapport with sb.走后门, To get in by the back door托人情, Ask an influential figure to help arrange sth.找后台, Seek back stage boss嫉贤妒能, To be jealous and envious of capable persons拖拉的工作作风, Tardy and dilatory working style提高…意识, To heighte n one’s awareness of暂行条例, Interim regulations留党察看, To remain on probation within the party免除党内职务, Removal from posts in the party严重警告, Serious warning对外开放, Open up to the out-side world长治久安, To maintain long-term/lasting stability and security有紧迫感, To have a sense of urgency维持现状, To maintain the status quo跟上时代的步伐, To keep pace of the times/to keep abreast with the ti mes和平演变, Peaceful evolution主权, Sovereignty举动/举措, Move基本法, Basic law香港总督, Governor of Hong Kong行政长官, Chief executive台湾问题, The Taiwan issue各界人士, Public figures from all circles各界代表, Representative personages of various circles一贯立场, Consistent stand和平统一, Peaceful reunification和平建设, Peaceful construction基本出发点, The ultimate aim of …台湾当局, The Taiwan authorities购买军火, To purchase/order ammunitions扩军备战, Arms race军事挑衅, Military provocation历史遗留问题, Questions left over from past history保证顺利回归, To guarantee/ensure the smooth return of完成中华民族统一大业, To achieve the peaceful reunification of the Ch inese nation坚持一个中国立场, To adhere to one-China position反对“两个中国”, To be opposed to “two Chinas”我们神圣的领土台湾回归祖国的怀抱, The return of our sacred territory, Taiwan to the embrace of the motherland与国际接轨, To integrate … with the international standards/norms an d practices/to conform to international norms and practices欧洲议会, European Parliament欧盟, European Union欧洲政治联盟, European Political Union政府机构, Government institutions机构臃肿, Overstaffed government organization人浮于事, Have more hands than needed任人唯贤, To appoint people on their merits国家机关, State agency常务委员会, The standing committee劳动局, Labor bureau劳动部, The ministry of labor人事处, The personnel division少数民族, Ethnic groups民主改革, Democratic reform中国专家, Chinese expert中国问题专家, China expert加强行政管理, Strengthen administrative management办理审批程序, To go through all the procedures of approval简化审批手续, Simplify/streamline the procedures of approval全国大会, National Congress全体会议, A plenary session人民大会堂, The Great Hall of the People全国人民代表大会, The National People’s Congress中国人民政治协商会议, Chinese People’s Political Cons ultative Confer ence国务院主管部门, The competent/incumbent department of the State Counc il中华全国总工会, All-China Federation of Trade Unions世界知识产权组织, World Intellectual Property Organization 中华全国青年联合会, All-China Federation of Youth国家海洋局, The State Oceanographic Administration国家海洋公园, National marine park交通部, The Ministry of Transportation。
政治考研英语试题及答案
政治考研英语试题及答案一、单项选择题（共10题，每题2分，共20分）1. The concept of "sovereignty" in international relations refers to:A. The highest authority within a countryB. The supreme power of a country in international affairsC. The right to self-determination of a countryD. The right to make decisions independently within a country 答案：B2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a sovereign state?A. Fixed territoryB. Permanent populationC. Central governmentD. Common language答案：D3. The principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries is primarily based on:A. The principle of equality among nationsB. The principle of sovereign equality of statesC. The principle of non-use of forceD. The principle of peaceful coexistence答案：B4. The United Nations is an international organization that:A. Promotes cooperation among nationsB. Encourages economic developmentC. Maintains international peace and securityD. All of the above答案：D5. The Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence were first proposed by:A. The United StatesB. The Soviet UnionC. ChinaD. India答案：C6. Which of the following is not a fundamental human right?A. The right to lifeB. The right to educationC. The right to voteD. The right to own property答案：D7. The term "globalization" refers to:A. The process of increasing global interconnectednessB. The process of economic integrationC. The process of cultural homogenizationD. The process of technological advancement答案：A8. The World Trade Organization (WTO) is responsible for:A. Regulating international tradeB. Regulating international financeC. Regulating international labor standardsD. Regulating international environmental standards答案：A9. The European Union (EU) is an example of:A. A political unionB. An economic unionC. A military allianceD. A cultural organization答案：B10. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was established to:A. Promote economic cooperationB. Promote cultural exchangeC. Provide collective defenseD. Promote disarmament答案：C二、阅读理解题（共2篇，每篇5题，每题2分，共20分）Passage 1:[Text omitted for brevity]1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of education in politicsB. The role of media in political campaignsC. The impact of technology on political processesD. The evolution of political ideologies答案：C2. According to the passage, which of the following is a benefit of technological advancements in politics?A. Increased voter turnoutB. Enhanced transparencyC. Reduced campaign costsD. Greater political stability答案：B3. What does the passage suggest about the future of politics?A. It will be more inclusiveB. It will be more centralizedC. It will be more secretiveD. It will be more divisive答案：A4. Which of the following is an example of political technology mentioned in the passage?A. Online voting systemsB. Social media campaignsC. Satellite-based pollingD. Virtual reality debates答案：B5. What is the author's view on the influence of technology on politics?A. It is overwhelmingly positiveB. It is mostly negativeC. It is a mixed bagD. It is insignificant答案：CPassage 2:[Text omitted for brevity]1. What does the passage primarily discuss?A. The challenges of international diplomacyB. The principles of international lawC. The role of international organizationsD. The history of international relations答案：A2. According to the passage, what is a key challenge in international diplomacy?A. Language barriersB. Cultural differencesC. Economic disparitiesD. Technological limitations答案：B3. Which of the following is not a strategy to overcome challenges in international diplomacy?A. Building trust through dialogueB. Establishing common goalsC. Imposing one's own valuesD. Fostering mutual understanding答案：C4. The passage suggests that successful diplomacy requires:A. Strong military powerB. Economic sanctionsC. Diplomatic skillsD. Technological superiority答案：C5. What is the author's opinion on the role of international organizations in diplomacy?A. They are essential for conflict resolutionB. They are ineffective in resolving disputesC. They are biased towards certain nationsD. They are redundant in the current political climate答案：A。
英语政治知识点总结
英语政治知识点总结Politics is the process of making decisions that apply to members of a group. It refers to achieving and exercising positions of governance—organized control over a human community, particularly a state. In modern nation-states, people have formed political parties to represent their ideas and interests. Political knowledge has become increasingly important as the world continues to face complex challenges, and citizens need to be informed to make effective decisions in their countries.There are several core political knowledge points that are essential for understanding the political landscape of the modern world. These include political systems, political ideologies, voting systems, and political movements. In this summary, we will explore these key areas of political knowledge in depth.Political SystemsPolitical systems are the processes through which a government is organized and operates. There are several types of political systems, including democracy, monarchy, dictatorship, and communism.Democracy is a system of government in which power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or through their elected representatives. There are two main types of democracy: direct democracy and representative democracy. Direct democracy is a form of democracy in which people decide policy initiatives directly, while representative democracy is a type of democracy in which the people the people elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf.Monarchy is a form of government in which a single person holds all the power. There are several types of monarchy, including constitutional monarchy and absolute monarchy. In a constitutional monarchy, the monarch’s power is limited by a constitution, while an absolute monarchy gives the monarch complete control over the government and the people.Dictatorship is a form of government in which one individual holds all the power and often rules by force. The leader of a dictatorship is not bound by laws or constitutions and can make decisions without the input of the people.Communism is a socio-economic system in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.Political IdeologiesPolitical ideologies are sets of ethical, political, and economic beliefs and principles that explain how society should operate. There are several political ideologies, including liberalism, conservatism, socialism, and communism.Liberalism is a political and moral philosophy based on liberty, consent of the governed, and equality before the law. It advocates for limited government intervention in the economy and individual freedom.Conservatism is a political and social philosophy that promotes retaining traditional social institutions. It is often associated with support for free market capitalism and a strong national defense.Socialism is a political and economic theory that advocates for public ownership or control of means of production and distribution of goods and services. It aims to create an equal society by redistributing wealth and power.Communism is a political and economic ideology that advocates for a classless society in which the means of production are owned and controlled by the community as a whole.Voting SystemsVoting systems are methods used to determine the outcome of an election or decision. There are several types of voting systems, including first-past-the-post, proportional representation, ranked choice voting, and mixed-member proportional representation.First-past-the-post is a simple plurality voting system in which voters indicate their choice and the candidate with the most votes wins the election. It is used in several countries, including the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada.Proportional representation is a voting system in which the number of seats won by a political party or group is in proportion to the number of votes received. It is used in several countries, including Germany, Sweden, and the Netherlands.Ranked choice voting is a voting system in which voters rank candidates in order of preference. If no candidate receives a majority of first-choice votes, the candidate with the fewest votes is eliminated, and their votes are redistributed based on the voters’ second choice.Mixed-member proportional representation is a voting system that combines a proportional representation system with a first-past-the-post system. Voters cast two votes: one for a candidate in their local constituency and one for a political party.Political MovementsPolitical movements are collective, organized, and sustained efforts to bring about changes in society. There are several types of political movements, including social movements, protest movements, and resistance movements.Social movements are groups of individuals who are united by a common interest or ideology and work together to achieve specific social or political goals.Protest movements are organized efforts to voice grievances or show opposition to specific issues or policies. They can take the form of rallies, demonstrations, or strikes.Resistance movements are collective efforts to oppose a ruling government or occupying power. They often involve acts of defiance, sabotage, and guerrilla warfare.In conclusion, political knowledge is essential for understanding the complex dynamics of the modern world. By understanding political systems, ideologies, voting systems, and political movements, individuals can become informed citizens and make effective decisions in their countries. It is important to continue learning about political issues and staying engaged in the political process to shape the future of society.。
政治英语作文
政治英语作文Political English Essay。
In today's globalized world, politics plays a crucial role in shaping the destiny of nations. It encompasses various aspects such as governance, diplomacy, international relations, and public policy. As a means of communication, English has become the lingua franca of politics, enabling leaders and diplomats from different countries to engage in meaningful dialogue. In this essay, we will explore the significance of political English and its impact on global affairs.Firstly, political English serves as a common language for international diplomacy. When leaders from different countries gather for summits or conferences, English becomes the medium through which they can communicate effectively. This allows for the exchange of ideas, negotiation of agreements, and resolution of conflicts. Without a common language, misunderstandings and misinterpretations could hinder diplomatic efforts and impede progress in resolving global issues.Moreover, political English facilitates the dissemination of information and ideas across borders. In the age of social media and instant communication, political leaders can address a global audience through English. They can articulate their policies, express their views, and influence public opinion on a wide range of issues. English proficiency enables politicians to connect with people from diverse backgrounds, fostering a sense of global citizenship and understanding.Furthermore, English proficiency is essential for diplomats and foreign service officers who represent their countries abroad. These individuals are responsible for negotiating treaties, conducting trade agreements, and maintaining diplomatic relations. Fluency in English allows them to effectively convey their country's positions, understand the concerns of other nations, and build fruitful partnerships. Without a command of political English, diplomats would struggle to navigate the complexities of international relations.In addition, political English is crucial for students and scholars studying politics and international relations. Many prestigious universities offer courses and programs in political science, which require a strong grasp of the English language. Students need to comprehend academic texts, participate in discussions, and write research papers in English. This not only enhances their knowledge of political theory but also prepares them for future careers in diplomacy, policy analysis, or academia.Furthermore, political English is intertwined with the media landscape. Journalists reporting on political events and analyzing policy decisions rely on English to convey information to a global audience. English-language news outlets such as BBC, CNN, and Al Jazeera have a significant impact on shaping public opinion worldwide. Their reporting influences how people perceive political leaders and events, highlighting the importance of accurate and nuanced political English in media coverage.Lastly, political English promotes cultural exchange and understanding. When politicians and diplomats communicate in English, they bring their unique perspectives, values, and traditions into the global arena. This exchange of ideas fosters cultural appreciation and helps break down stereotypes and prejudices. By engaging in political discourse in English, leaders can find common ground and work towards shared goals, transcending linguistic and cultural barriers.In conclusion, political English plays a vital role in today's interconnected world. It serves as a common language for diplomacy, facilitates the exchange of ideas, empowers diplomats, enables academic study, influences media coverage, and promotes cultural understanding. As the language of politics, English has become an indispensable tool for global leaders to navigate the complexities of international relations and shape the future of our world.。
政治英语单词
政治英语单词政治英语单词1request the consent of 征求…的同意information service 新闻处diplomat外交官diplomatic rank外交官衔 resume diplomatic relations 恢复外交关系diplomatic representative ambassador 大使ambassador-at-large 巡回大使special envoy 特使counselor 参赞consul-general 总领事consul 领事charge d'affaires 代办attache 随员military attache 武官foreign affairs 外交事务diplomatic practice 外交惯例diplomatic immunities 外交豁免diplomatic privileges 外交特权diplomatic bag 外交邮袋diplomatic pouch 外交邮袋letter of credence/credentials 国书munique 公报letter of introduction 介绍书national people's congress 全国人民代表大会fifteenth national congress 第十五次全国代表大会chairman 委员长vice chairpersons 副委员长state council 国务院premier 总理vice premier 副总理state councillors 国务委员central mittee 中央委员会state president 国家主席chairman 主席vice chairman 副主席general secretary 总书记central military mittee 中央军事委员会supreme people's court 最高人民法院ministry of finance 财政部ministry of public security 公安部ministry of supervision 监察部ministry of munications 交通部。
政治类英语词汇
政治类英语词汇politics 政治constitution 宪法legislation 立法Democrats 民主党Republicans 共和党Amendment 修正案Congress 美国国会Senate 参议院House of Representatives 众议院monarchy 君主制anarchism 无政府主义federal system 联邦制presidential system 总统制municipal 市的，市政的metropolitan 大都市的centralized 中央集权的ideology 意识形态tariff 关税immigrant 移民institutionalize 机构化election 选举vote 投票poll 投票，投票数，民意测验office holding 任职veto 否决American Revolution 美国革命/独立战争Independence War 美国独立战争American Civil War 美国内战radical 激进的,根本的overturning 颠覆性的independent 独立的breathtaking 激动人心的military 军事的colonize 拓殖，殖民per capita 人均treason 叛国conspiracy 阴谋imprisonment 监禁release 释放pardon 特赦accusation 谴责，指控welfare 福利patronage 资助，赞助unionization 联合，结合列举一些常见诸报端的外来语：attache [法语] 随行人员glasnost [俄语] 公开性；开放jujitsu [日语] 柔术karate [日语] 空手道laissez-faire [法语] 自由主义Lebensraum [德语] 生存空间per annum [拉丁语] 每年rapport [法语] 和睦；友好rendezvous [法语] 约会(地点) sumo [日语相扑karaoke; judo; per capita; tai chi chuan; tsunami英语报刊中经常借用的人名、物名、建筑物名称乃至别名等专有名词多属习常见惯的。
政治 英语
一院制 Unicameral一党制国家 One—party States人权 Human rights人权宣言Declarations of the Rights of Man and the Citizen工会 Trade unions下议院 House of Commons上议院 House of Lords个人主义 Individualism女权主义 Feminism马列主义Marxism—Leninism马克思主义 Marxism马基雅维里主义 Machiavelli王权 Crown无产阶级Proletariat无产阶专政 Dictatorship of the proletariat无政府主义 Anarchism专制Despotism专制政府/绝对专制主义 Absolute government/absolutism中央与地方的关系Central/Local relations分权 Separation of powers公共行政 Public administration公民权利 Civil rights公民自由 Civil liberties正义Justice可审判性Justiciability平等Equality奴隶制Slavery占统治地位的党Dominant party代表Delegate代议员Representative 代议制政府Representative government代表制Representation主权Sovereignty市民社会Civil society市（镇）长Major立宪主义Constitutionalism立宪政体Constitutional government立法机关Legislatures立法否决Legislative veto立法委员会Legislative committees立法起草Legislative drafting半总统制Semi-presidential systems议长Speaker议会制度Parliamentary system司法机构Judiciary司法行政官Magistrate司法审查Judicial review民主Democracy民主党Democratic Party民主集中制Democratic centralism民意测验Opinion polls共产党Communist Parties共和国Republic机构/制度Institution权力Power权利Rights权利法案Bill of rights权威Authority妇女选举权Women’s suffrage地方长官Prefect地方政府Local government地方政府财政Local government finance地方政治Local politics同意Consent同意投票Approvalvoting 团体理论Group theory邦联Confederation邦联条例Articles of Confederation自由Freedom自由党Liberal parties自由裁量权Discretion 自决Self-determination自治Self-government自治领Dominion行为主义Behaviouralism行政Administration行政机关Executives政委员Administrative board行政法庭Administrative tribunal 行政法院Administrative court州长Governor多元主义Pluralism多元社会Plural society多头制Polyarchy多数派政府Majority government多数统治Majority rule决策Decision making决策理论Decision theory农奴制Serfdom阶层/阶级Class麦迪逊，詹姆斯Madison,James苏格拉底Socrates极权主义Totalitarianism否决权Veto投票Voting投票率Turnout护宪Entrenchment财产权Property利益Interests利益表达与聚合Interest articulation and aggregation利益集团Interest group 言论，表达和出版自由Freedom of speech,expression,and the press社区/共同体Community社团主义Corporatism社会主义Socialism社会民主主义Social democracy社会契约论Social contract君主制Monarchy责任Responsibility责任政府Responsible government直接民主Direct democracy直接行动Direct action杰斐逊，托马斯Jefferson,Thomas欧洲议会European Parliament欧洲共同体European Community歧视Discrimination国际法International Law国家State国家元首Head of state国家消亡Withering away of the state国家财政危机Fiscal crisis of the state非暴力反抗Civil disobedience非暴力行为Non-violent action制定法Statute Law制衡Checks and balance 委任Patronage委员会Commission质询Interpellation法Law法令Act法官Judge法治Rule of law法律的正当程序Due process of law法案，议案Bill宗教自由Freedom of religion 审判Adjudication审查制度Censorship官僚制/官僚Bureaucracy实证主义Positivism封建主义Feudalism革命和反革命Revolution and counter-revolution政体Polity政纲platform政变Coup D’etat政府Government政府组成过程Government formation process政府首脑Head of government政府调查Public inquiry政治Politics政治义务Political obligation政治文化Political culture政治中的种族问题Race in politics 政治心理学Political psychology政治发展Political development政治行动委员会（美国）Political action committee政治行为研究Political behaviour政治地理学Political geography政治权力Political power政治局（及常务委员会）Politburo(and Pesidium)政治沟通Political communication政治体系/政治系统Political system政治参与Political participation政治财政Political finance政治科学Political science政治社会化Political socialization政治社会学Political sociology政治学的定量方法Quantitative methods in politics政治态度Political attitudes政治腐败Political corruption政治继承Political succession政治理论Political theory政治暴力Political violence政治影响Political influence政治整合/政治一体化Political integratio政党分赃制Spoils system政党认同Party identification政党代表大会Party convention政党功能Parties,political:functions of 政党组织Party organization政党核心集团Machine政党秘密会议Caucus政策分析Policy analysis政策实施Implementation政策输出研究Policy output studies城市政府City government城邦国家City state贵族/贵族制Aristocracy思想库Think tank看守政府Caretaker government选区Constituency选民登记Registration of electors选择投票Ticket-splitting选择领导Leadership selection选举Elections选举团Electoral college选举纲领Election program选举制度Electoral system选票Ballot重农主义Physiocracy重划选区Redistribution重商主义Mercantilism种族灭绝Genocide种族主义Racism种族隔离Apartheid 顺从Deference保守主义Conservatism保守党Conservative parties保护主义Clientelism修正主义Revisionism独立机构Independent agency独立宣言Declaration of Independence独裁主义，权威主义Authoritarianism独裁制Autocracy帝国Empire帝国主义Imperialism美国革命American Revolution美国国会Congress美国辉格党Whig:U.S.首相（总理）/首相（总理）制政府Prime minister/Primeministerial government总统，总统制President/Presidential system总罢工General strike总督Governor-General派别Faction咨询和同意Advice and consent宣传Propaganda宪法Constitutional law宪法规约Convention of the constitution宪法/宪政Constitution/constitutionalism神权政治Theocracy神授王权Divine right of kings费边主义Fabianism绝对专制主义Absolutism统治阶级Ruling class统治能力Governability恐怖Terror恐怖主义Terrorism格劳修斯Grotius监护Tutelage监察专员Ombudsman党派首领Boss罢免Recall恩格斯Engels缺席投票Absence voting特权Prerogative特许状Charter秘密警察Secret police倒台与政权更迭Breakdown and regime change候选人选择candidate selection爱国主义Patriotism被保护国Protectorate竞争性政党制度Competitive party system竞选运动Election campaign部门Department部长，部Minister/Ministry部长会议Council of Ministers准司法Quasi-judicial准--非政府组织Quango资历制Seniority资产阶级Bourgeoisie资本主义Capitalism浮动投票人Floating vote浪漫主义Romanticism宽容Toleration家长型控制Paternalism调查委员会Select committee预算，预算编制Budget/Budgeting陪审团Jury理性Rationality理性选择方法Rational choice教权主义Clericalism教会与国家Church and State基本权利Fundamental right基层党组织Primary party organization职能代表Functional representation授权立法Delegated legislation授权学说Mandate theory常设委员会Standing committee累计投票Cumulative vote唯心主义Idealism领导Leadership第二院，上议院Second chambers康德Kant混合政府Mixed government弹劾Impeachment隐私Privacy殖民统治Colonial government联合，联合政府Coalition/Coalition government联合民主Consociational democracy联合国United Nations联邦制Federalism联邦党人文集Federalist Papers联盟，联合League超载Overload超国家政府Supranational government 博爱Fraternity斯大林Stalin斯宾诺莎Spinoza斯密，亚当Smith,Adam最低下限Droop quota最高行政法院Conseil d’AEtat最高法院Supreme court黑格尔Hegal辉格党与托利党Whigs and Tories等级Estates集体主义Collectivism集体行动Collective action集体领导Collective leadership集合理论Coalition theory街区选举，集团投票Block vote普通法Common law游说Lobbying雇主组织Employer’s organization强制性投票Compulsory voting鼓励性行动Affirmative action路德，马丁Luther,Martin解散议会Dissolution of parliament意识形态Ideology新左派New Left新右派New Right新政New deal新教政党Protestant parties福利国家Welfare state群众性政党Mass membership party僭主制/暴政Tyranny寡头制Oligarchy寡头政治铁律Iron law of oligarchy精英，精英主义Elites,Elitism精英理论Doctrine of elites腐败选区Rotten borough弊政Maladministration熊彼特Schumpeter影子内阁Shadow cabinet暴力Violence潘恩Paine霍布斯Hobbes穆勒Mill激进主义Radicalism激进政党Radical parties整体主义Holism辩证法Dialectic辩证唯物主义Dialectical materialism警察Police警察国家Police state中华人民共和国主席/副主席 President/Vice President, the People’s Republic of China全国人大委员长/副委员长 Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People’s Congress 秘书长 Secretary-General主任委员 Chairman委员 Member（地方人大）主任 Chairman, Local People’s Congress人大代表 Deputy to the People’s Congress政府机构 GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION国务院总理 Premier, State Council国务委员 State Councilor秘书长 Secretary-General（国务院各委员会）主任 Minister in Charge of Commission for（国务院各部）部长 Minister部长助理 Assistant Minister司长 Director局长 Director省长 Governor常务副省长 Executive Vice Governor自治区人民政府主席 Chairman, Autonomous Regional People’s Government 地区专员 Commissioner, prefecture香港特别行政区行政长官 Chief Executive, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region市长/副市长 Mayor/Vice Mayor区长 Chief Executive, District Government县长 Chief Executive, County Government乡镇长 Chief Executive, Township Government秘书长 Secretary-General办公厅主任 Director, General Office（部委办）主任 Director处长/副处长 Division Chief/Deputy Division Chief科长/股长 Section Chief科员 Clerk/Officer发言人 Spokesman顾问 Adviser参事 Counselor巡视员 Inspector/Monitor特派员 Commissioner外交官衔 DIPLOMATIC RANK特命全权大使 Ambassador Extraordinary and plenipotentiary 公使 Minister代办 Charge d’Affaires临时代办 Charge d’Affaires ad Interim参赞 Counselor政务参赞 Political Counselor商务参赞 Commercial Counselor经济参赞 Economic Counselor新闻文化参赞 Press and Cultural Counselor公使衔参赞 Minister-Counselor商务专员 Commercial Attaché经济专员 Economic Attaché文化专员 Cultural Attaché商务代表 Trade Representative一等秘书 First Secretary武官 Military Attaché档案秘书 Secretary-Archivist专员/随员 Attaché总领事 Consul General领事 Consul司法、公证、公安 JUDICIARY,NOTARY AND PUBLIC SECURITY 人民法院院长 President, People’s Courts人民法庭庭长 Chief Judge, People’s Tribunals审判长 Chief Judge审判员 Judge书记 Clerk of the Court法医 Legal Medical Expert法警 Judicial Policeman人民检察院检察长 Procurator-General, People’s procuratorates监狱长 Warden律师 Lawyer公证员 Notary Public总警监 Commissioner General警监 Commissioner警督 Supervisor警司 Superintendent警员 Constable政党 POLITICAL PARTY中共中央总书记 General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee政治局常委 Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee政治局委员 Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee书记处书记 Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee中央委员 Member, Central Committee候补委员 Alternate Member…省委/市委书记 Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC党组书记 secretary, Party Leadership Group社会团体 NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION会长 President主席 Chairman名誉顾问 Honorary Adviser理事长 President理事 Trustee/Council Member总干事 Director-GeneralGeneral Secretary总书记Secretary General秘书长Chairman主席，委员长Head of state国家元首The Party Central Committee党中央The National People’s Congress全国人民代表大会Standing Committee of National People’s Congress全国人民代表大会常务委员会The Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference全国人民政治协商会议Standing Committee of the Political Bureau政治局常务委员会State Council国务院Ministry of Foreign Affairs外交部Ministry of Public Security公安部Ministry of Civil Affairs民政部Ministry of Justice司法部Ministry of Labor and Social Security劳动和社户保障部Ministry of Land and Resources国土资源部Ministry of Inｆｒｏｍation Industry信息产业部Ministry of Water Resources水利部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Health卫生部State Planning Commission国家发展计划委员会State Family Planning Commission国家计划生育委员会General Office of the State Council国务院办公厅Central Military Commission of the PRC中央军委Supreme People’s Procuratorate最高人民检察院Supreme People’s Court最高人民法院General Ministration of Customs海关总署All-China Federation of Trade Unions中华全国总工会All0China Women’s Federation中华全国妇女联合会Communist Youth League of China中国共产主义青年团All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce中华全国工商联合会Red Cross Society of China中国红十字会China Welfare Foundation for the Disabled中国残疾人福利基金会Chinese People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries 中国人民对外友好协会China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese中国归国华侨联合会China Council for the Promotion of International Trade中国国际贸易促进委员会Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits海峡两岸关系协会Straits Exchange Foundation海峡两岸交流基金会President of the Supreme People’s Court最高人民法院院长Chief Procurator of the Supreme People’s Procuratorate最高人民检察院检察长中国共产党中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC中央书记处Secretariat of the Central Committee of the CPC中央军事委员会Central Military Commission of the CPC中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC中央办公厅General Office, CCCPC中央组织部Organization Department, CCCPC中央宣传部Publicity Department, CCCPC中央统一战线部United Front Work Department, CCCPC中央对外联络部International Liaison Department, CCCPC中央政法委员会Committee of Political and Legislative Affairs, CCCPC中央政策研究室Policy Research Office, CCCPC中央直属机关工作委员会Work Committee for Offices Directly under the CCCPC 中央国家机关工作委员会State Organs Work Committee of the CPC中央台湾工作委员会Taiwan Affairs Office, CCCPC中央对外宣传办公室International Communication Office, CCCPC中央党校Party School of the CPC中央党史研究室Party History Research Centre, CCCPC中央文献研究室Party Literature Research Centre, CCCPC中央翻译局Compilation and Translation Bureau, CCCPC中央外文出版发行事业局China Foreign Languages Publishing and Distribution Administration中央档案馆Archives Bureau, CCCPC《中国人民政治协商会议及其机构》The Chinese People’s Political Consultativ e Conference (CPPCC) and Its Structure中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of the CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会Standing Committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会办公厅General Offices of the CPPCC National Committee专门委员会Special Committee提案委员会Committee for Handling Proposals经济委员会Committee for Economic Affairs人口资源环境委员会Committee of Population, Resources and Environment教科文卫体委员会Committee of Education, Science, Culture, Health and Sports社会和法制委员会Committee for Social and Legal Affairs民族和宗教委员会Committee for Ethnic and Religious Affairs文史资料委员会Committee of Cultural and Historical Data港澳台侨委员会Committee for Liaison with Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Overseas Chinese外事委员会Committee of Foreign Affairs中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会CPPCC Local Committees中国政党Chinese Parties》中国共产党(中共)Communist Party of China (CPC)中国国民党革命委员会(民革)Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang 中国民主同盟(民盟)Chinese Democratic League中国民主建国会(民建)China Democratic National Construction Association中国民主促进会(民进)China Association for Promoting Democracy中国农工民主党Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party中国致公党China Zhi Gong Dang九三学社Jiu San Society台湾民主自治同盟(台盟)Taiwan Democratic SelfGovernment League。
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政治英语
request the consent of ...征求…的同意Information service新闻处
diplomat外交官
diplomatic rank外交官衔
diplomatic representative外交代表
ambassador大使
ambassador-at-large巡回大使
special envoy特使
counselor参赞
consul-general总领事
consul领事
charge d'affaires代办
attache随员
commercial attache商务专员
cultural attache文化专员
military attache武官
foreign affairs外交事务
diplomatic practice外交惯例
diplomatic immunities外交豁免
diplomatic privileges外交特权
diplomatic channels外交途径
diplomatic courier外交信使
diplomatic bag外交邮袋
diplomatic pouch外交邮袋
letter of credence/credentials国书
communique公报
announcement公告
announcement通告
letter of introduction介绍书
National People's Congress全国人民代表大会Fifteenth National Congress第十五次全国代表大会Standing committee常务委员会
National Committee全国委员会
Chairman委员长
Vice Chairpersons副委员长
State Council国务院
Premier总理
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Chairman主席
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mutual recognition互相承认
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People's organization人民团体
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Liaison office联络处
Military attache's office武官处
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proceed to take up one's post赴任
express regret表示遗憾
object to提出异议
take up a matter with向…交涉
lodge a protest with向…提出抗议
verbal note普通照会
circular note通知照会
normalization正常化
present one's credentials递交国书exchange ambassadors互派大使
persona grata受欢迎的人
during one's absence离任期间declaration/manifesto宣言
letter of recall召回公文
note(外交)照会
formal note正式照会
establish consular relations建立领事关系assume one's post就任。