家具设计中英文对照外文翻译文献

家具设计中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)
原文：
Researches and Development of Interactive
Educational Toys for Children
Abstract: For Oriented by the teaching philosophy "game based learning", this paper carried out an in-depth research on the interactive mode of children's educational toys. In the research process, it attempted to build a new immersed educational-game scenario for children by using the new interactive technology so as to inspire the children's interest in learning and exploration. The research object in this paper was an interactive educational toy-"funny tap" English learning machine for children. After integrating the design concept of this product from an industrial design
perspective, we selected specific interactive technology and completed the engineering. Moreover, we have conducted tests of work principles and effect of usage based on the sample machine. The final result indicated that there is a promising and huge market potential to apply the new interactive technology to development of educational toys.
Keywords: Interactive Educational Toys, Interactive Design, interactive mode
1.INTRODUCTION
Since 1980s, human beings including the children have entered a digital age. Under the influence of the advanced information, early stage education machines, electronic building blocks, electronic wall charts, and other new toys have become children's new favorites. With the influence of the west teaching philosophy-"game based learning", parents are strongly agreed with such toys for children. These modern educational toys will become the mainstream of toy development due to their promotion of children's learning, practical ability, creativity and imagination.
Interaction exists in all things contacted by humans, and interactive design emerged to design a kind of communication and dialogue between human and objects to minimize the "cognitive conflict". As a new design theory, interactive design has a wide range of applications in designing educational toys.
2. THE PLAN AND BENEFITS OF THE INTERACTIVE MODE OF
CHILDREN 'S TOYS
The rise of various digital technologies, such as voice recognition, 3D video, and virtual reality technology etc., gives new experience to people's perception. The author aimed to apply these new digital technologies to the researches of interactive educational toys design.
The plan of the interactive mode of children's educational toys:
2.1. Voice Interaction
Voice interaction voice includes touch voice interaction, voice command interaction and intelligent voice interaction. Touch voice interaction and voice command interaction have been very common, such as electronic wall charts, televox;
intelligent voice interaction is the author's aim to create a genuine dialogue between children and simulation toys through digital technology, to foster children's language ability, particularly in a family with only one child, the children need a "partner" to accompany them to learn and play with.
2.2. Video Interaction
Video interaction can be divided into 2D image interaction and 3D video interaction. The former has been broadly used in toys, such as in multimedia courseware, image or video of horse will appear when referring to "horse"; 3D video interaction is the author's aim to apply 3D projection technology in the "play" process, for instance, when referring to a green grassland, a grassland projection will appear so that children feel like being on the grassland, which enhances children's learning experience; meanwhile, this enhanced emotional experience will prolong the memory retention time or even extend to a ultra- long-term memory.
2.3. Narrative Interaction
Narrative interaction is to conceive a story for the toy and offer a task role for children to make them participate in the story. The steps are shown in Figure 1:
Fig. 1. The steps of narrative interaction
Based on children's curiosity and imitation psychology as well as the investigation of the games, the author found the correct application of story interaction in educational toys can greatly mobilize children's learning enthusiasm, for example, we conceive an English learning process as treasure hunt activity. In this activity, the words are hidden in the treasure box, and children themselves are explorers, if they put one or a few words together, they will get a treasure box, and they can also make a competition with peers to get the treasure boxes. Through establishment of game theme, selection of roles, and plot development in the activities, children not only increase their knowledge of English, also learn how to get along with peers and develop good self-awareness.
2.4. Web Virtual Reality Interaction
Web virtual reality interaction is virtual imaging through network connections, making you feel like your partners sitting, playing and learning with you, to deliberate
the loneliness in the contemporary families, and promote children's learning initiative in the competitive context.
Psychological research shows that with respect to the learners, the learning behavior resulting in emotional pleasure experience will produce a positive emotional resonance, thereby enhancing the learners' learning initiative and enthusiasm. The realistic educational-game scenario created by interactive educational toys for children not only brings emotional pleasure experience to children so that learning is no longer boring for them with a purpose of mobilizing the enthusiasm of study and developing creative thinking, but also enhances children's social communication ability to help children establish good social character favorable for their life.
3. DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE EDUCATIONAL TOY—"FUNNY
TAP"
Parents are head-ached on children's learning English, so we focus on developing an interactive English learning toy to help the children remembering words in game scenario and stimulate their interests in learning English, and training children's hand operation and brain coordination.
The development practice procedure of interactive toy for children-"funny tap" is shown in Figure 2 as following:
Fig. 2. The development practice procedure of "funny tap"
3.1. The development process of interactive concept of interactive educational toy-"funny tap"
It is the development process of "funny tap" interactive concept. After investigating the object group of children and parents about their needs of English learning machine, we summarized six key indicators such as security, fun and incentive. Here we mainly describe three models of interactions shaded in Figure 3.
To meet the requirement of fun, the author designed a narrative interactive process, as is shown in Figure 3:
Fig. 3. The narrative interactive process of "funny tap"
The word learning process is conceived as a game of whack-a-mole, imagining there are N mole holes, and there are M letters in a word (i.e. M moles with a letter). If you tap down M jumping moles in accordance with the order, you will get the cheers, if the tap is not correct, it will continue to call "come on"; meanwhile, the action of "tap" is not only funny, but also effective to train children's hands and brain coordination.
Voice interaction was prepared by the microcontroller program to control the voice modules. There are two features regarding the "funny pat": one is word pronunciation; the other is the design of the applause and cheering voices for reward and punishment, which help to reach the goal of incentive.
In the first stage, video interaction was prepared by displaying the letters on buttons through LED dot matrix character display modules mainly controlled by microcontroller; in the second stage, we provided toy with 3D projector for projecting the whole process in the air to construct a 3D emotional scenario, and the action of "tap" is to tap the projections in the air.
3.2. Principle diagram of interactive educational toy for children-"funny tap" The operation principle of "funny tap" is shown in Figure 4:
Fig. 4. The operation principle of "funny tap"
The system consists of six components, such as voice module, LED indicator, action back module, MCU, power module and LED dot matrix character display module. Among these, the three formers are connected with MCU through 8-bit data bus; LED dot matrix character display module is connected with the microcontroller through the 12C bus. Voice module stores English word pronunciation documents needed in the game, and MCU pronounces the word by controlling the voice module via the bus. LED dot matrix character display module consists of driver chips and the 8*8 LED matrix. MCU bus control LED dot matrix character display module via I2C to show the corresponding English letters. Action back module tests and captures the player's actions during the game for the MCU to judge whether the player conducts normal actions to control the game process.
3.3. Appearance design process of interactive educational toy-"funny tap"
The following Figure 5 is a design process from sketch, modelling, model-making to the final product and the drawing of the product structure explosion.
Fig. 5. Appearance design process of "funny tap"
3.4. Interaction test
Sample of N (N is an odd number) preschool children was randomly selected to test the product's availability, usability and user's willingness of using it. Mainly onsite testing observation and questionnaire survey, and then we improve the product according to the test results.
Testing times are equal to or more than I so as to find the products with highest interaction. In the product final trial, most of parents fed back that this toy combined fun and knowledge well and the whole learning process was very smooth and the children were very happy when "learning".
4. SUMMARY AND PROSPECT
China is a large country of toy manufacturing, but it still remains in the stage of imitating foreign design, especially in educational toy design. The research and practice of interactive educational toys in this study is expected to give some thought and inspiration to toy designers so as to further promote the development of Chinese toy industry.
REFERENCES
[I] Liu Zaihua, Children's Social Intelligence, Anhui People's Publishing House, 2008.
[2] KARL T. ULRICH, STEVEN D. EPPINGER, Product Design and Developmen,
Higher Education Press, 2005.
[3] (U.S.) Robert J. stembeg, Translated by Yang Bingjun, Chen Yan, Chow Zhiling,
Cognitive Psychology, Beijing: China Light Industry Press, 2006.
[4] Zhang Zhcnzhong, Li Yanjun, Classification Research of Educational Toys,
Textiles and Design, December 2008 Vol. 12.
[5] Li Qiaodan, Xia Hongwen, On the Function of Digitized Bran-training Toys in
Elementary Education, China Education Informationalization Issuing Department.
[6] Song Jun, Researches on Design Principles of Children's Educational Toys,
[Online]. Available:
[7] Liu Mingliang, " The Principle Production and Purchasing of Electronic Toys", New Era Press, 1992.
Toy development and design based on the needs of older
persons
Abstract:In china, aging and the life-quality of older persons has become today’s important issues of social concern, and how to solve this problem thus turns to be an important challenge in the design and development of supplies for the old. Now, the ensuing ways to solve varied. For instance, the design community has put emphasis on the design and development of the supplies for the old, but a large part of these de signs were for medical care and medical products of the senior person. The designs
for the vast majority of the healthy people in their senior age are rarely involved. In this, I think, for the function of toys, the emphasis on the development of physical and mental health of older persons is the key, so to rethink the development of toys for the old persons in china is one of the ways.
Keywords: Toys for the old, Needs design, humane care
Mentions of the toys, we always unconsciously think of the innocent children, as if toys are just child’s belongings. With the improvement of living standards, emphasis on the toys is constantly improved. To meet the needs of children, various designs are brought out, and then from luxury goods, toys have gradually become the child’s necessities. However, the authorities of the china toy association state that the toy is no longer the children’s only product: toy concept has been extended and functional and practical range of modern toy has been further expanded. Toys not only inspire children, but also become the recreation products for the seniors. The old also need toys that could meet their spiritual needs and enrich their life in later years.
1．Status of the development and design of toys for the seniors
In china, toy for the old is still an industry to be developed. Senior people, as customers, they have needs and also purchasing power, but no targeted toys for them. There are as much as 130 million seniors in china who would be a huge consumer group, but the research and development of toys for old consumers has lagged behind developed country for more than 30 years.
In America, the toys designed for the senior amount to 40% of the toy market. The toy market for old persons is more mature. They have many toy stores for the seniors throughout the urban and rural areas. Also our neighbor Japan does well in the development of toys for the old persons, and most toy companies have produced toys for seniors, and continued to introduce new products.
2．The meaning of the development of toys for the seniors
Retiring from work, the senior people get more time than before. Besides watching TV at home, they have no many alternative entertainments. Some old people have been for a long period in loneliness. Over time, they are prone to
depression, anxiety disorder and Alzheimer’s, seriously affecting their physical and mental health and become burden to children and society.
Li guangqing in department of rehabilitation of Beijing Xuanwu Hospital once said: “with age increasing, the function of the body of the seniors gradually degraded, and their reaction will be clumsier. At the same time, retirement from work, the opportunity for the old to use their brain reduces, which further brings the decline of attention and cognitive ability. Except to maintain good habits and moderate exercise, to slow down brain aging, putting hands and brain in work at the same time is the most effective way, which is exactly the function of toys. for people with Alzheimer’s, playing with toys, to some extent, would alleviate the condition.
Therefore, toys can develop people’s thinking ability, and improve our intelligence. If the seniors play with toys constantly, the aging of the brain and the Alzheimer’s would be effectively prevented. Medical experts found that to maintain old people’s intelligence, we must first fully protect the brain. In addition to proper nutrition and adequate sleep, the seniors should make most of the brain. Just as Chinese saying tells that”water does not rot, and the door hinge is never worm-eaten “, the more one use his brain, the more sensitive it becomes. Playing with toys is exactly a good way to use the brain. With toys, the old people not only receive more information, at the same time become more optimistic than before, thereby enhancing their immune system function.
3．The needs-analysis of toys for the old
What is a needs analysis? This approach is to focus on the users’ needs. Users’needs are sources of many new products.
What is the demand-design? it is the most front-end process for new product in its life cycle, and decides the success or failure of the new products. Needs-design starts from the businesses and designers’judgment of the market or the needs of users, and ends at planning proposals or technical specifications on description of the product development. Understand the market or user demand is a high-level investment for the success of the product.
The development and design of toys for old persons should start from the needs of
the seniors. Only a real understanding of the old consumers and their psychological and physiological needs can bring toys that give practical cares for the seniors physically and spiritually.
Toys for the old should bring human care. Toy design process should be integrated into this concept. The aim of the toy design for the old is enhanced, with seniors-centered design principles, and with the help of analysis on the seniors’physiological psychological characteristics, cultural level and lifestyle. The toy design principle that shows humane care for the seniors is reflected at the same time.
(1)Safety first
To varying degrees, the judgment, cognitive ability and ability to respond of the old people weaken, thus in the process of using the product, they inevitably make mistakes. In case a threat to physical and mental health occurs, they usually are unable to escape the danger. Therefore, toys for the seniors should be fault-tolerant. So that, the old people even make a mistake, there will be no danger. Here the reduction of operation process and the set of message for safe operation is an effective way to ensure the safety of the seniors with toys.
(2)Moderate difficult
The design of toys for the old should be of moderate difficulty, and the purpose is to arouse their interest in playing. If too simple, it would not enhance the interest of the seniors and thus would not achieve the aim of exercising the brain; if too difficult, it would be strenuous for them to learn, and consequently cause a sense of failure which is not conducive to their mental health.
(3)Easy to identify
The toy should have a familiar form and an understandable functional theory for the old. It should also be equipped with an interface in keeping with the experience and habits of the seniors. Besides, the toys that need interface design, should take into account the graphic symbols, size, color, clarity of sound, light intensity.
(4)Facilitate communication
People’s feelings need to vent and exchange, especially for the seniors. For them, emotional communication is indispensable to maintain their vitality, and
improve the quality of life. Playing with toys, there are many ways for the old to choose, such as: taking turns to participate, working together and racing in the game. The development of multiple-persons playing toys is to create a harmonious environment in which they can talk when play. So the core of toy-development is to involve the participants as much as possible. For the participating ways, common collaborative participatory approach is the best, which is more conducive to conversation, and get to know some new friends. In this way the seniors can expand their social circle with emotional exchange.
(5)The effect for keeping fitness and developing intelligence
Increasing with age, people’s organ recession becomes an objective physiological phenomenon. In order to maintain good physical function and mental state, and improve the quality of life, fitness puzzle is a very important content in the lives of older persons. Body-building that can achieve with playing toys is the most basic needs of older persons. Old people by playing intellectual toys can effectively prevent Alzheimer’s disease, so to maintain the flexibility of the seniors’mind is the main direction of the toy development.
(6)Cultural connotations
Life experiences bring the old people with more comprehensive concept of life, thus toys with a certain ideological and cultural depth usually put them in recollecting and thinking of issues. Toys for the seniors are different from those for children: a child plays a toy intuitively, while the old emphasize the toy’s inherent fun, and show great interest in the toys with cultural connotations. Of course, this culture must be familiar with the elderly, has gone deep into the ideological deep.
Summing up, toys for the seniors have a promising market, for each one of us would inevitably become old. The design industry should make more efforts to improve the living standard of the seniors. One way is to develop toys for the old and help them improve their life quality with theses design. We all know, care for the old is to care for all mankind, and designing from the needs of the old has become an urgent task of today’s society.
References：
[1]Yang Guanghui. China’s Population Aging and the Industrial Structure [m].Liaoning Science and Technology Press, 2008.7.
[2] Wang Lianhai. Chinese Toys, Art History [m], Hunan Fine Arts Publishing House, 2006.8.
[3] Wang court. Toys And Innovative Design [m], Chemical Industry Press, 2005.12.
儿童家具的人性化设计
摘要：本文以儿童家具设计问题为出发点,提出人性化的概念在新的时代环境下的新解释,并指出新的人性化设计原则在儿童家具的设计方法中的实现,分析儿童家具的现状,并提出一些建议。

，
关键词：儿童家具环境危机人性化设计低碳人性化色彩
一、绪论
人性化设计的理论已经形成很长时间，并且正在发展。

现在人性化设计的理念产生了更丰富的内涵。

由于工业污染,人们发现,“以人为本”的设计理念包括更多的含义。

随着色彩心理学研究的深入,人们发现产品的色彩设计和色彩心理学能让色彩设计技术真正人性化。

作为一种新材料、新技术,人们发现使用低碳、环保材料是“以人为本”的循环。

真正的人性化设计产品是符合设计和审美趋势发展的,是既安全又实用的，是视觉心理学与高超的情感造型的完美结合。

孩子是祖国的未来是现代家庭的花朵，因此儿童成长过程中的装备的设计就显得非常重要。

儿童家具在儿童的成长过程中扮演着重要的角色。

所以在家里如果儿童家具能营造一个好的环境，比一个育婴师更有意义。

否则,缺乏制造或设计的儿童家具不仅不会帮助孩子的成长,甚至威胁要毒害儿童的健康。

最近几年，在儿童家具市场中，儿童家具人性化设计的问题尤为突出。

二、人性化设计的新释义
人性化设计理念:首先人性化概念体现在美观的同时，也能符合消费者的生活习惯，操作方便 ,既能满足消费者的需求,包括功能需求和心理需求。

这是人性化、以人为本的设计。

随着社会的发展,人们发现新的内涵。

1.人性化设计中的低碳和环保
由于最近的全球环境危机,人类意识到我们必须保护好环境和社会。

因此,当前人性化设计必须在“低碳、环保”的前提下,只有低碳、环保才是真正的人性化设计。

最好的家具设计是减少材料浪费、造型简洁的设计。

随着孩子的成长对家具的需求也在增加,所以在家具设计中要考虑可持续发展,使家具降低报废率，以减少资源浪费。

我们也要尝试使用原材料实现颜色设计,例如本色以及使用木材本身在不同质地和色彩明暗的对比。

因为大多数的现代家具漆含有高毒物质,因此在儿童家具的设计应该减少使用涂漆。

2.安全是人性化家具设计的前提
儿童家具的造型设计应该消除锐角,边缘应该处理很圆滑,固定家具零件也不能暴露，防止儿童运行中突然碰撞,防止孩子吞下了一小部分。

避免大的玻璃和一些脆性材料等出现在家具中，例如镜子,否则一旦打破,容易伤到的孩子。

此外,儿童家具,因为有使用彩色涂层的事件发生,例如甲醛超标,美丽的颜色和造型必须在安全的前提下。

儿童家具的设计应注意以下几点:
a .使用绿色环保材料(基础材料、涂料和配件)。

上海质量技术监督局发布,儿童卧房家具甲醛严重超标,会对儿童造成很大的伤害。

目前,对儿童家具的固体材料很丰富,在实用的前提下应尽量选择无毒、环保、UV涂层和金属钉,专家提倡减少有害物质，以免伤害儿童。

b .家具是可以承受重量和反复摇动保持稳固的稳定结构。

C)避免坚硬的表面、粗糙尖锐的边缘和角落。

线条应该光滑流畅,应该有光滑和细腻的表面处理,以免切换伤害孩子。

d .没有大的玻璃、镜子做装饰设计,可以考虑使用有机玻璃或阳光板。

E．大型家具设计可以把稳定和固定放在第一位,以免孩子摔下来造成伤害。

f .突出的卡通人物要有足够的抗冲击性,确保孩子能通过。

如果儿童不能通过,要加中等宽度护栏的防护功能,并且不能太窄，否则会伤害孩子的四肢。

g .孩子玩捉迷藏的家具,可以隐藏大盒子的身体,并消除稳定设计。

3、人性化家具设计的功能
家具是营造环境的重要因素。

儿童房是孩子的独立空间,需要足够的空间,因此,儿童家具要全面整合生活、学习和玩耍功能,要兼具多样性和可变性。

a .大小应该遵循人体工程学的原理,要符合人体的高度和孩子的年龄，不影响身体健康并促进孩子健康成长。

b .在选材上也根据人体工程学,如儿童睡床不能使用太软的材料,避免造成骨骼畸形,但也不能使用优秀的材料,容易产生不舒适和疲劳。

C)儿童家具设计,应考虑匹配和移动功能,最好能根据经济和高度进行调整。

d .根据不同年龄阶段的孩子的生活,家具设计应该考虑综合性的功能分配。

e .灵活、专业设计或多功能设计。

4、儿童家具人性化外观设计
好的产品造型真的可以让孩子产生良好视觉心理。

但现在有一个错误,那就是,孩子的卡通设计、卡通主题,是千篇一律的产品。

事实上,孩子们的兴趣多种多样的,对他们自己的家具风格也有不同的爱好,所以儿童家具需要更丰富的家具类型。

此外,随着孩子的成长，他们的审美和心理会发生变化,家具造型以简洁为主,最好使用卡通元素,最好能按照主题,可以根据每个时期产生变化,儿童家具设计也需要实现环境保护。

儿童家具设计要考虑到小部件的安全,小配件要尽可能大,这样他们就不会误吞。

当然,这个小部件的可靠性也很重要,这样他们也不会拿出来吃了。

儿童家具的设计和一个非常重要的内容,必须符合儿童的童趣需求,你可以借鉴如太阳、月亮、森林、足球，这些都是是外观造型的素材。

合理的添加一些形状组合和变化,这样不仅可以增加乐趣,还可以满足不同需求。

,孩子家长在组合的过程中，在自己独立思考和实践的过程中，培养儿童的能力和学习欲望,团队精神和自信。

儿童家具商店在市场上相对少见。

精神、装饰和时尚也可以融入到设计中去，这些被推荐的设计主题。

通过这一原则,我们仍然可以使用造型、色彩、设计形式来创建不同的节奏的欢快感觉或混合的感觉。

家具设计的发展趋势:
A．设计主题。

经济、美观、实用和品牌意识这些是常见的因素,这些因素一直在人们的购买行为起着关键作用,但消费趋势、个性和人文取向,渐渐扮演更重要的角色。

根据不同的设计主题、,孩子的个性和当前市场的一些热门(如技术、性质、运动和整体出现在童话)造型,，功能或装饰设计给出了一个人文内涵。

随着中国载人飞船神舟五号太空升空和美国的火星探测器“勇气”飞天，航天成了孩子的热门话题并有广阔市场前景。

儿童家具设计可以根据这些热门话题，设计一系列科学、探索太空等以梦想为中心的系列家具。

以下一系列的儿童家具品牌,采用组合的产品设计,如床屏包裹牛仔,床可以吃,支持使用牛仔系列的柜子，并且使用牛仔风格的面板,沉闷的家具布置被生气点缀,就是一套符合孩子性格特点牛仔系列家具。

迷彩家具设计主题中的丛林,像运动一样与大自然结合，满足儿童对未知大自然的好奇心理。

这个话题了,也使家具难以接触到的儿童家具颜色是可能的,这类家具成为儿童家具市场的新宠。

如果主题设置得当,功能和主题的完美结合将成为现实。

b。

创建一个全面的、多功能空间。

有一个新的设计概念,家具是为儿童创造一个全面的、多功能的空间,不仅仅是一件家具。

许多外国儿童家具已走向三维空间和发展。

因为儿童房家具的摆放,可以制造更多的空间让儿童玩耍,这些家具通常是儿童床、桌子或椅子、柜子和游戏。

储藏柜根据用户年纪的不同而完全不同。

这种组合是可以被预测的,家具市场份额将越来越大。

家具设计,不仅为孩子创造综合环境,也能衬托家具。

购买儿童家具的主题可以是室内布局或者提供一个装饰参考,甚至能提供装饰主题家居装饰服务。

家具设计的深度,也不妨加入一些细节,比如考虑根据不同的季节、年龄改变颜色或设计,我认为这是人性化设计。

5、儿童家具的色彩设计要考虑儿童的心理
儿童家具色彩设计应充分利用色彩心理学，色彩心理学深入研究儿童色彩心理。

儿童家具色彩设计要根据不同的年龄和性别差异,如果设计可以更加深入和细致,考虑颜色会影响孩子的人格发展。

父母为儿童选择适合其性格特点的家具,应注意以下几点:
A．色彩的选择，明快、亮丽、,偏浅色调是首选。

如柠檬黄色、蓝色、浅粉色、冷色，或绿色和白色以及鹦鹉、橡木、樱桃木纹理枫和本色,尽量不要选择深色的,避免使用模糊和复杂的颜色,否则会影响儿童心理健康。

B．对于0 - 3岁儿童而言，华丽的色彩有利于孩子周围的环境。

有利于诱导孩子观察、认知和享受周围环境的情感。

但值得注意的是,儿童家具的时代,其颜色艳丽和亮度应该有一定的限制,如果太艳丽的颜色,可能会导致视觉疲劳,使孩子们的烦燥的,太明亮的颜色可以刺激儿童的视觉神经,对儿童视力方面的有不利影响。

C .随着年龄的增长,儿童的视野和知识系统进入开发阶段,所以家具的颜色应该逐渐从鲜艳的色彩搭配的有序过渡到柔和。

儿童进入人格和心理逐渐成熟的时期,不喜欢太幼稚。

应该注意氛围来合理使用色彩,创建一个静态的、冷静的学习的环境,或图像的特征空间。

在这个阶段,应该考虑天然木本色,适当考虑其他颜色。

D、儿童家具色彩设计,除了一定的面积和色调,也可通过合理选择装修材料的颜色点缀，丰富儿童家具外观造型,提高儿童家具的艺术魅力。

E、儿童家具色彩设计的,必须使用色彩美学规律。

鲜艳的色彩组合,使孩子安静和提高行为效率,但家具的颜色不能太繁杂,以免造成孩子行为混乱。

6、儿童家具材料用于人性化设计。

一般来说,儿童家具不适合使用普通玻璃材料,因为玻璃是易碎的,形成了尖锐的边缘容易碎裂后给儿童造成伤害。

如果必须采用美丽透明的材料，可以考虑使用钢化玻璃或有机芯片。

保持木质材料的环保特性和自然质朴的颜色。

木质材料的合成材料更时尚的外观、更廉价，但由于一些化学合成工艺会污染环境。

木头和布不仅满足需要,而且软质布料在造型上能满足储纳功能,一举两得。

7、考虑儿童家具设计中的质量
儿童家具的重量是有讲究的,为了让孩子操作方便。

因为他的力量是有限的,孩子可能向上移动的家具,却没有力气,所以可能会让手家具滑落到脚。

要防止塑料家具的一个小部件砸到的可能性。

但如果孩子的桌子、凳子材料较重,在设计通常不出现让他走,只是把他摔倒,甚至拉倒,而不会打伤了自己。

三、总结
虽然儿童家具的前景乐观,但外国品牌的儿童家具占国内市场的30%,国内制造商生产的占据70%的市场份额,只有30%有自己的品牌,如“多彩生活”、“通”、“第一首歌的梦想”和“自然”,大多数企业在进行品牌竞争。

目前,没有一家儿童家具公司能在市场上处于主导地位,能作行业的领导者。

目前儿童家具行业没有有针对性的研究机构,相应的行业标准还在制作。

因为儿童家具的研究、开发、生产、销售的欠缺，以及不可靠的标准和政策,都导致儿童家具市场发展不成熟。

国内专业儿童家具设计师很少,主要是成人家具设计师进行儿童家具设计,所对孩的思维和需求没有深刻的了解,在设计表现不同的水平。

同时,我们的国家没有特殊的儿童家具设计研
究机构和相关专业的培训基地。

企业对研究儿童家具投资不足,忽视了创新设计、研究对象的成本。

没有研究孩子的生活空间、生活习惯、学习对家具的要求、存储类型和数量、他们的消费行为、影响因素和接收信息渠道等。

目前市场上有满足7 - 12岁儿童需求的中通家具，也很重视13-16岁儿童家具的设计,但缺少0 – 4岁的婴儿家具,16 - 20的青少年家具,中间年纪的儿童家具。

在年纪两端的孩子缺乏家具,说明市场细分是不够的。

儿童家具,有的虽然模式很好,但大多数的产品,没有明显的差异。

共同的特点是外观略有不同,但是家具大多功能单一、颜色过于鲜艳。

颜色不符合科学原则，不能合理的搭配以增添色彩的视觉冲击力,并且忽略了颜色对人的负面影响,特别是对孩子们的视力和神经生长和情绪有极大的坏影响。

在倡导儿童家具的时候也忽略了安全科学、功能的全面性；在享受规模经营便利时,没有为儿童仔细考虑。

总之,儿童家具新产品存在缺点。

与儿童家具相比，成人家具的专业设计、生产、结构力学、人体工程学、材料科学、心理学和人的感觉特性方面都更专业，设计师应该为了创造完美的儿童家具而努力。

但是对生产商来说,主要问题是材料和结构或生产过程、生产、检验都是否严格符合设计和生产标准。

相信未来几年,中国将建立自己的儿童家具品牌，质量、文化内涵、风格、营销策略、售后服务将到一个新的阶段。

作者：Sun Yingying, Guo Liyan，Zhang Zuyao
Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
Hangzhou, China。