120kta粒状磷酸一铵干燥工段工艺设计

120kt/a粒状MAP干燥工段工艺设计

学生：XXX

学号：XXXXX

专业：化学工程与工艺

班级：XX级1班

指导教师：XXX

材料与化学工程学院

二O一O年六月

120kt/a粒状MAP干燥工段工艺设计

摘要

磷酸一铵是高浓度磷复肥的主要品种之一，也是生产三元复混肥、BB肥最主要的基础原料。我国磷铵生产工艺主要由料浆法和浓酸法，由于中国缺乏高品质的磷矿资源，通过比较料浆法和浓酸法说明料浆法更适合中国国情。目前磷酸铵的干燥流程有喷浆造粒干燥流程、喷雾干燥流程。本文采用喷浆造粒干燥技术来制造磷酸一铵。

首先介绍了粒状磷铵的干燥原理和喷浆造粒干燥机的操作条件并确定了操作条件下主要物性参数；其次根据物性参数进行了物料衡算、热量衡算和主体设备计算；最后根据主体设备计算结果进行附属设备选型，并给出了主体设备图和带控制点的工艺流程图。

本设计主要任务是喷浆造粒干燥机主体设备的设计，本文所选工艺和设备能完成给定的生产任务。

关键词：磷酸一铵，喷浆造粒，干燥

The process design for 120kt/a granular

MAP of drying section

Abstract

MAP is a main varieties of high-concentration phosphate compound fertilizer and is the basic procreative material of ternary Compound Fertilizer and BB Fertilizer. Our MAP process mainly include slurry method and concentrated acid method, due to the lack of high quality phosphorate in China, and comparing the two method shows slurry method is more suitable for China's national conditions. At present, the drying process production has spraying granulation processes and the spray-drying process. In this paper, spraying granulation technology is used to produce MAP.

Firstly, we introduced the principle of granular ammonium phosphate and spray drying granulation, and operating conditions were determined to get the main physical parameters; Secondly, according to property parameters of the material, the heat and mass conservation was carried out to determine the main equipment; Finally, base on the main device valuation results, the ancillary equipments were selected, and provided the main equipment and controlling process flow charts.

The main task of this design is the spray granulation equipment design, the selected process and device can complete the given task.

Keywords: monoammonium phosphate(MAP), spray granulation, dry

目录

1 绪论 (1)

1.1 前言 (1)

1.2 湿法磷酸氨化反应的基本原理 (1)

2 文献综述及主要工作 (2)

2.1国内外生产技术概况 (2)

1.3.1 传统法 (2)

1.3.2 料浆法 (3)

2.2干燥工艺 (5)

2.2.1干燥概述 (5)

2.2.2滚筒干燥 (5)

2.2.3喷雾干燥 (5)

2.2.4喷浆造粒干燥 (6)

2.2.5转筒干燥制粒状磷铵 (6)

2.3本研究工作意义和主要工作 (6)

2.3.1工作意义 (6)

2.3.2主要工作 (7)

3 工艺选择与论证 (9)

3.1喷浆造粒干燥机成粒机理 (9)

3.2粒状磷铵的干燥原理 (9)

3.2.1湿气体性质 (9)

3.2.2湿物料的性质 (12)

3.3干燥速率及其影响 (13)

3.4干燥器的物料和热量衡算 (14)

3.4.1物料衡算 (14)

3.4.2热量衡算 (15)

3.4.3气体进出干燥器状态的确定 (17)

3.4.4干燥器的热效率与干燥效率 (17)

3.5喷浆造粒干燥操作条件的选择 (18)

3.5.1干燥机的进口温度 (18)

3.5.2干燥机的尾风温度 (18)

3.5.3浓缩料浆含水率 (18)

3.5.4干燥机填充系数 (19)