(整理)年12月英语四级听力材料第三套.
【2019年整理】年12月英语四级听力材料第三套.doc
2014 年12 月英语四级听力材料第三套听力试题Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At theend of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A., B., C. and D., and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a singleline through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。
1. A. Give his ankle a good rest.B. Treat his injury immediately.C. Continue his regular activities.D. Be careful when climbing steps.2. A. On a train.B. On a plane.C. In a theater.D. In a restaurant.3. A. A tragic accident.B. A sad occasion.C. Smith's unusual life story.D. Smith's sleeping problem.4. A. Review the details of all her lessons. 、B. Compare notes with his classmates.C. Talk with her about his learning problems,D. Focus on the main points of her lectures.5. A. The man blamed the woman for being careless.B. The man misunderstood the woman's apology.C. The woman offered to pay for the man's coffee.D. The woman spilt coffee on the man's jacket.6. A. Extremely tedious.B. Hard to understand.C. Lacking a good plot.D. Not worth seeing twice.7. A. Attending every lecture.B. Doing lots of homework.C. Reading very exteusively.D. Using test-taking strategies.8. A. The digital TV system will offer different programs.B. He is eager to see what the new system is like.C. He thinks it unrealistic to have 500 channels.D. The new TV system may not provide anything better.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A. A notice by the electricity board.B. Ads promoting electric appliances.C. The description of a thief in disguise.D. A new policy on pensioners' welfare.10. A. Speaking with a proper accent.B. Wearing an official uniform.C. Making friends with them.D. Showing them his ID.11. A. To be on the alert when being followed.B. Not to leave senior citizens alone at home.C. Not to let anyone in without an appointment.D. To watch out for those from the electricity board.12. A. She was robbed near the parking lot.B. All her money in the bank disappeared.C. The pension she had just drawn was stolen.D. She was knocked down in the post office.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A. Marketing consultancy.B. Professional accountancy.C. Luxury hotel management.D. Business conference organization.14. A. Having a good knowledge of its customs.B. Knowing some key people in tourism.C. Having been to the country before.D. Being able to speak Japanese.15. A. It will bring her potential into full play.B. It will involve lots of train travel.C. It will enable her to improve her Chinese.D. It will give her more chances to visit Japan.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you willhear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A., B., C. and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。
2023年12月大学英语四级真题试卷及答案(三套全)
2023年12月大学英语四级真题试卷及答案(三套全) 一、听力理解第一套第一节(共5小题)1. What does the woman ask the man to do?A. Turn the television off.B. Turn the volume down.C. Turn the radio on.Answer: B2. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. At the post office.B. At the bank.C. At the hotel.Answer: C3. What does the man imply about the woman?A. She hasn’t been to New York City.B. She needs to find a new job.C. She travels a lot for work.Answer: A4. How long has the man been waiting?A. For an hour.B. For half an hour.C. For ten minutes.Answer: B5. What is the woman doing?A. She is looking for her keys.B. She is waiting for someone to arrive.C. She is talking on the phone.Answer: C第二节(共5小题)6. What is the woman asking the man to do?A. Fix her computer.B. Help her find a job.C. Visit her tomorrow.Answer: A7. What does the man offer to do next?A. Take the woman to the restaurant.B. Prepare dinner for the woman.C. Look for a restaurant on the Internet.Answer: C8. What does the man say abo ut the woman’s computer?A. It can’t be fixed.B. It needs a software update.C. It needs a new battery.Answer: B9. What does the woman suggest doing after dinner?A. Go for a walk.B. Watch a movie at home.C. Go to a movie theater.Answer: B10. How do es the woman feel about the man’s suggestion?A. Excited.B. Indifferent.C. Annoyed.Answer: A二、阅读理解第一套An important part of a child’s development is the acquisition of social skills. Social skills help children to interact effectively with others and build healthy relationships. These skills are vital for success in school, work, and life in general.One of the best ways to help children develop social skills is through play. Play allows children to practice andmaster social, emotional, and cognitive skills in a relaxed and enjoyableenvironment. Through play, children learn valuable skills such as cooperation, sharing, problem-solving, and communication.There are different types of play that help in the development of social skills. Cooperative play is when children play and work together towards a common goal. This type of play helps children to learn teamwork and collaboration. Pretend play, on the other hand, allows children to develop empathy and understanding of others’ perspectives. They learn to take on different roles and pretend to be someone else, which helps in developing their social and emotional intelligence. Board games and group activities also promote social interaction and help children learn important skills such as taking turns, following rules, and resolving conflicts in a fair manner.Parents and educators play a crucial role in promoting social skills development. They can create opportunities for play and provide guidance and support. It is important for parents to encourage their children to engage in various types of play and provide them with age-appropriate toys and games. Educators can incorporate play-based learning activities in the classroom to foster social skills development.In conclusion, play is a valuable tool for social skills development. It allows children to practice and master important skills while having fun. Parents and educators should recognize the importance of play and provide opportunities and support for children to engage in different types of play.第二套The concept of time management is essential in today’s fast-paced world. Effective time management helps individuals to prioritize tasks, handle multiple responsibilities, and increase productivity. It allows individuals to make the most out of their time and achieve their goals efficiently.Here are some tips for effective time management:1.Set goals: Identify your long-term and short-termgoals. Break them down into smaller, manageable tasks.This will help you stay focused and motivated.2.Prioritize tasks: Determine which tasks are mostimportant and urgent. Focus on completing these tasks first.3.Create a schedule: Use a planner or online calendarto schedule your tasks and activities. Set deadlines for each task to stay organized and keep track of your progress.4.Avoid multitasking: Multitasking may seem like atime-saving technique, but it can actually decreaseproductivity. Focus on one task at a time and give it yourfull attention.5.Delegate tasks: If possible, delegate tasks to others.This will free up your time and allow you to focus on more important tasks.6.Take breaks: Schedule regular breaks to rest andrecharge. This will help you maintain focus and preventburnout.7.Avoid procrastination: Procrastination can lead tounnecessary stress and missed deadlines. Break tasks into smaller, manageable parts and tackle them one at a time.8.Learn to say no: Don’t overcommit yourself. Learn tosay no to tasks that are not essential or do not align withyour goals.e technology: Take advantage of technology toolssuch as productivity apps and time tracking apps. Thesecan help you stay organized and manage your time moreeffectively.10.Review and adjust: Regularly review your scheduleand tasks. Adjust as needed to accommodate unexpectedevents or changes in priorities.By implementing these tips, you can improve your time management skills and achieve greater success in your personal and professional life.第三套The importance of physical exercise cannot be overstated. Regular exercise has numerous health benefits and plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy lifestyle.Physical exercise helps to strengthen the cardiovascular system, improve lung function, and increase muscle strength and endurance. It also promotes weight loss and helps to maintain a healthy body weight. Regular exercise reduces the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, andcertain types of cancer. It can also improve mental health by reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety.In addition to the physical benefits, exercise is also important for cognitive function. Studies have shown that regular exercise improves memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. It can also enhance creativity and productivity.Exercise is not only beneficial for adults but also for children and adolescents. Regular physical activity in childhood and adolescence helps to develop healthy bones, muscles, and joints. It improves coordination and balance, and reduces the risk of childhood obesity. It also has a positive impact on academic performance, including improved concentration and focus.There are many different forms of exercise that individuals can choose from, including aerobic exercise, strength training, flexibility exercises, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). It is important to find a form of exercise that you enjoy and can incorporate into your daily routine.In conclusion, regular physical exercise is essential for overall health and well-being. It has numerous physical and mental health benefits and should be a priority for individuals of all ages. Make exercise a part of your daily routine and reap the rewards of a healthy and active lifestyle.三、写作题目及答案第一套写作题目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:。
2020年12月四级考试真题第三套答案
2020年12月四级考试真题第三套答案一、听力部分（每题1分，共10分）（本部分包含10道题目，内容通常涉及日常对话、简短独白或通知等，需要学生根据听到的内容选择正确答案。
）二、单项选择题（每题1分，共15分）—How are you today?—____________.A. Fine, thank you.B. You're welcome.C. No, I'm not fine.D. I'm sorry.She ________ to the party last night.A. goesB. wentC. will goD. is going三、完形填空（每题1分，共10分）阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。
It was a sunny day. I decided to go for a walk in the park. As I walked, I saw a little girl ________ in the corner. She looked very sad. I went up to her and asked what was wrong. She said she ________ her mother. I asked her to give me her mother's phone number and called her. Her mother was very grateful to me. She told me her daughter was always ________ to go to the park alone.五、书面表达（共25分）短文改错（共10分）请找出下面短文中的10处错误并改正。
Last Sunday, I went to the zoo with my friends. We saw many interesting animals, like tiger, elephant and panda. They were very lovely. We also watched a dolphin show. It was amazing! After that, we had lunch in a restaurant near the zoo. The food was delicious but the service was bad. In the afternoon, we went home happy.书面表达（共15分）请根据以下要点，写一篇80词左右的英语短文。
2021年12月英语四级(第3套)听力真题 短对话(2)
2021年12月英语四级(第3套)听力真题短对话(2)Question 5. W: Bob said that Seattle is a great place for conferences.问题5．女：Bob说，西雅图是个适合开会的绝佳去处。
M: He is certainly in the position to make that comment. He has been there so often.男：他当然有资格这么说。
他常常去西雅图。
Q: What does the man say about Bob?问：关于Bob，这位男士说了什么？Question 6. W: Mr. Watson, I wonder whether it's possible for me to take a vacation early next month?问题6. 女：Watson 先生，我想知道下个月月初我能休假吗？M: Did you fill out a request form?男：你填好申请表没？Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?问：这两个人可能是什么关系？Question 7. M: Do you want to go to the lecture this weekend?问题7. 男：这个周末你想去听讲座吗？I hear that the guy who is going to deliver the lecture spent a year living in the rainforest.我听说要演讲的这个人花了一年呆在热带雨林里。
W: Great, I am doing a report on the rainforest.女：太棒啦！我正在做一个关于热带雨林的报道。
Maybe I can get some new information to add to it.也许我可以得到一些新信息填充到我的报道里。
2023.12四级真题第3套及答案详细解析
P ar t 大学英语四级考试2023年12月真题(第3套)及真题详细解析I W r i t i n g (30 m i nu t e s )D i re c t i o n s : S u pp o se t h e un i v ers i t y n e w s p a p e r i s i n v i t i n g su b m i s s i on s f r o m t h e s t u d e n t s f o r i t s c o m i n ge di t i on o n w h a t i n t h e i r u n i v e rs i t y i m p re sse s t h em m os t . Y o u a r e n o w t o wr i t e a n e ss a yf o r su b m i s s i on .Y o u w i l l h a v e 30 m i n u t e s t o w r i t e t h e e ss a y . Y o u s h o u l d wr i t e a t l e as t 120 w o r d s b u t n o mo r e t h a n 180w o r d s.L i s t e n i n g C o m p re h e ns i o n P ar t I Ⅱ(25 m i n u t e s )特别说明：由于多题多卷，官方第三套真题的听力试题与第二套真题的一致，只是选项顺序不同，因此，本套试卷不再提供听力部分。
R e a d i n g C o m p re h en s i o n P a r t Ⅲ(40 m i n u t es )S e c t i o n A D i rec t i o ns : I n t h i s sec t i o n , t h e r e i s a p a s s a g e w i t h t en b l a n k s . Y o u are re q u i r e d t o se l e c t o n e w or d f o r e a c h b l an k f r om a l i s t o f c h o i c es g i v e n i n a w o r d b a n k f o ll o w i n g t h e p as a g e . R e a d t h e p a ss a g e t h r o u g h c a r e f u l l y b e r o r e m a k i n g y o ur c h o i c e s . E a c h c h o i c e i n t h e b an k i s i d e n t i i e d b y a l e t t e r P l e as e m a r k t h e c o r r e s p on di n g l e t e r f o r e a c h i t e m o n A n s w e r S h ee t 2 w i t h a s i n g l e li n e t h r o u g h t h e ce n t re . Y o u m a y no t u se a n y o f t h e wor d s i n t h e b a n k m ore t h a n o n ce .W h en p eo p l e s e t o u t t o i m p r o v e t h e i r h e a l t h , t h e y us ua l l y t a k e a f a m ili ar p a t h : s t a r t i n g a h e a l t h y d i e t , g e t t i n g b e t t e r s l ee p , an d d o i n g r e g u l a r e x e rc i s e . E ac h o f t h e s e b e h av i o r s i s i m p o r t an t , o f co urs e , b u t t h e y a l l 26 o n p h y s i c a l h ea l t h —a n d a g r o w i n g b o d y o f r e s e ar c h s u g g e s t s t h a t s oc i a l h e a l t h i s j us t as , i f n o t m o re , i m p o r t an t t o 27 w e l l -b e i n g .O n e r ece n t s t u d y p u b l i s h e d i n t h e j o u m a l P L OS ON E , f o r e x am p l e , f o un d t h a t t h e s t r en g t h o f a p er s o n 's s oc i a l c i r c l e w as a b e t t e r 28_ o f se l f -r e p o r t e d s t r e ss , h a pp i n e ss an d w e l l -b e i n g l e v e l s t h a n fi t n e ss t ra c k e r d a t a o n p h y s i c a l ac t i v i t y , h ear t ra t e an d s l e e p . T h a t fi n di n g s u gg es t s t h a t t h e “29 se l f ” r e p r ese n t e d b y e n d l ess am o un t s o f h ea lth d a t a d o e sn 't t e l l t h e w h o l e 30T h e r e 's a l so a q u a li f e d se l f , w h i c h i s w h o I am , w h a t a r e m y ac t i v i t i es , m y s oc i a l n e t w o r k , an d a l l o f t h e s e i n an y o f t h e s e meas u rem e n t s .as p ec t s ar e n o t 31T hi s id ea i s s u p p o r t e d b y p l e n t y o f 32 r e s e ar c h . S t u di e s h ave s h o w n t h a t s o c i a l su pp o r t -w h e t h er i t c omes 33 a ss o c i a t e d w i t h b e t t e r m e n t a l an d p h y s i c a l h e a l t h . A r i c h f r o m f r i en d s , f a m i l y m e m b e r s o r a s p o us e -i s s oc i a l l if e , t h e s e s t u d i e s su g g es t , ca n l o we r s t r ess l e ve l s ,i m p r o ve m oo d , e n co u ra g e p os i t i v e h ea l t h b e h a v i o r s a n d d i scou ra g e d a ma g i n g o n es , b oo s t h ea r t h e a l t h a n d i m p r o ve i ll ne ss 34 ra t e s .S oc i a l i s o l a t i o n , m eanw h il e , i s li n k e d t o hi g h er ra t e s o f p h y s i c a l di s e a s e s an d men t a l h ea l t h con d i t i o ns .I t 's a s i g n if i can t p ro bl e m ,35 s i n ce l o n e li n es s i s eme r g i n g as a w i d e s p r e a d p u b l i c h e a l t h p r o b l e m i n m a n y c o u n t r i e s .·2023年12月四级真题(第三套)·19。
2020年12月大学英语四级考试真题及详解(第三套)
2020年12月大学英语四级考试真题及详解（第三套）一、PartⅠWriting(30minutes)1.Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an essay on the topic Changes in education.You should write at least120words but no more than180words.输入答案内容...【答案】【参考范文】The changes of education have aroused extensive attention of the society,which can be seen in many aspects in our daily life,such as TV programs,newspapers and university classes.Especially in recent years, Chinese education model has become more diversified and efficient.Many factors contribute to this phenomenon.The most common factor is the economic development and technological advance that have made online education possible.Technological teaching aids such as videoconferencing are widely available,reducing the time and place of classes.Another contributing factor is globalization.As countries become more and more connected,hope to integrate into different cultures by taking more international courses.The progress of education is of vital importance to everyone.It can not only promote the continuous development of individuals,but also promote the exchanges between countries.【行文点评】1．引出主题，说明教育变化的现象具有普遍性，且教育模式变得更多样、更高效。
2023年12月大学英语四级考试真题第3套(含答案)
2023年12月大学英语四级考试真题第3套(含答案)Part I Writing (30 minutes).Directions:Suppose the university newspaper is inviting submissions from the students for its coining edition on what in their university impresses them most. You are now to write an essay for submission. You will have 30 minutes to write the essay. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes).Section A.Directions:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) He noticed the driver was too young to drive.B) He found there was no one sitting at the wheel.C) He thought something must be wrong with the driver.D) He saw the driver changing lanes much too frequently.2. A) Buy a sports car.B) Drive across town.C) Leave California.D) Visit his sister.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) How they change the way we shop.B) How they alter human skeletons.C) How they cause increased headaches.D) How they affect our communication.4. A) It loosens.B) It brightens.C) It hardens.D) It softens.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Create Internet pages for him.B) Ask a local pet shop to adopt him.C) Name an orange tree after him.D) Hold a birthday party for him.6. A) He is a bold and aggressive pet.B) He pays regular visits to village shops.C) He once bit a doctor's receptionist.D) He likes to sit on the hairdresser's chair.7. A) He is fond of luxury cat food.B) He likes to stay in villagers5 6h 7ouses.C) He knows everybody in the village.D) He often seeks food around her pub.Section B.Directions:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Who to order the food.B) Whether to have sandwiches.C) When to go for their meal.D) Where to have their lunch.9. A) In the shopping center nearby.B) In the expensive Italian style diner.C) At the Sandwich Place on Camden Street.D) At the American restaurant they frequent.10. A) There is to be a conference call.B) She has to meet with her boss then.C) There will be crowds of people waiting for her.D) She will have a photo taken with Brigette Clark.11. A) She doesn't deem homemade soup tasty.B) She doesn't think his wife cooks well.C) She feels Jeremy would rather dine out.D) She has found the soup smells terrible.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) A landlady.B) A waitress.C) A receptionist.D) A saleswoman.13. A) He was involved in a terrible car accident last April.B) He has much difficulty getting up and down stairs.C) He is expected to undergo a knee operation.D) He prefers to stay next door to the children.14. A) To please his parents-in-law.B) To find the best trip for his kids.C) To satisfy his curiosity.D) To compare prices.15. A) Visit a local art gallery.B) Go on a boat trip.C) Take some photos of the islands.D) Try her hand-made clothing.Section C.Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) They are more intelligent than many of us.B) They have already become our new friends.C) They have begun to affect our social behavior.D) They play increasingly more important roles.17. A) Whether it might have any effect on the way we negotiate.B) Whether it might actually outperform human negotiators.C) Whether it can facilitate business transactions.D) Whether it can speed up legal procedures.18. A) Choose to be tough.B) Sympathize with their opponent.C) Use deceptive strategies.D) Appear to be pleasant.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) They were perceived differently by some academics.B) They still existed six months after the course ended.C) They varied greatly among the course participants.D) They were only measurable within seven weeks.20. A) They can be easily seen among participants in a healthy weight range.B) They should be attributed to participants5 change in diet behaviors.C) They are linked to cooking confidence and cooking satisfaction.D) They actually result from eating more fruits and vegetables.21. A) Gender.B) Confidence.C) Health.D) Practice.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It keeps others away.B) It causes discomfort.C) It remains visible.D) It varies in size.23. A) It makes us feel uncomfortable.B) It renders the acquaintance a stranger.C) It brings the acquaintance closer to us.D) It causes the bubble around us to vanish.24. A) In personal space.B) In social space.C) Within a distance of 18 inches.D) Over 2 feet away from one another.25. A) When we begin to feel fear.B) When we develop a sense of space.C) When we are 3 or 4 years old.D) When we enter our teens.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes).Section A.Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.When people set out to improve their health, they usually take a familiar path: starting a healthy diet, getting better sleep, and doing regular exercise. Each of these behaviors is important, of course, but they all____26____on physical health- and a growing body of research suggests that social health is just as, if not more, important to____27____well-being.One recent study published in the journal PLOS ONE, for example, found that the strength of a person's social circle was a better____28____of self-reported stress, happiness and well-being levels than fitness tracker data on physical activity, heart rate and sleep. That finding suggests that the "____29____self" represented by endless amounts of health data doesn't tell the whole____30____.There's also a qualified self, which is who I am, what are my activities, my social network, and all of these aspects arenot____31____in any of these measurements.This idea is supported by plenty of____32____research. Studies haveshown that social support~~whether it comes from friends, family members or a spouse—is____33____associated with better mental and physical health. A rich social life, these studies suggest, can lower stress levels, improve mood, encourage positive health behaviors and discourage damaging ones, boost heart health and improve illness____34____rates.Social isolation, meanwhile, is linked to higher rates of physical diseases and mental health conditions.Ifs a significant problem,____35____since loneliness is emerging as a widespread public health problem in many countries.A) baseB) eagerlyC) especiallyD) focusE) indicatorF) overallG) preachedH) priorI) promptJ) puzzleK) quantifiedL) recoveryM) reflectedN) storyO) stronglySection B.Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one o f the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Teenagers and social networking.A) As a parent of two boys at primary school, I worry about the issues associated with teenagers and social media. Newspapers are constantly filled with frightening accounts of drug addiction and aggressive behaviour supposedly caused by violent videogames. But even when these accounts touch on real concerns, they do not really reflect the great mass of everyday teenage social behaviour: the online chat, the texting, the surfing, and the emergence of a new teenage sphere that is conducted digitally.B) New technologies always provoke generational panic, which usually has more to do with adult fears than with the lives of teenagers. In the 1930s, parents worried that radio was gaining "an irresistible holdof their children". In the 80s, the great danger was the Sony Walkman (随身听).When you look at today's digital activity, the facts are much more positive than you might expect.C) Indeed, social scientists who study young people have found that their digital use can be inventive and even beneficial. This is true not just in terms of their social lives, but their education too. So if you use a ton of social media, do you become unable, or unwilling, to engage in face-to-face contact? The evidence suggests not. Research by Amanda Lenhart of the Pew Research Centre, a US think tank, found that the most passionate texters are also the kids most likely to spend time with friends in person. One form of socialising doesn't replace the other. It expands it.D) "Kids still spend time face to face," Lenhart says. Indeed, as they get older and are given more freedom, they often ease up on social networking. Early on, the web is their "third space", but by the late teens, it's replaced in reaction to greater independence. They have to be on Facebook, to know what's going on among friends and family, but they are ambivalent (有矛盾心理的)about it, says Rebecca Eynon, a research fellow at the Oxford Internet Institute, who has interviewed about 200 British teenagers over three years. As they gain experience with living online, they begin to adjust their behaviour, struggling with new communication skills, as they do in the real world.E) Parents are wrong to worry that kids don't care about privacy. In fact, they spend hours changing Facebook settings or using quick-delete sharing tools, such as Snapchat, to minimise their traces. Or they post a photograph on Instagram, have a pleasant conversation with friends and then delete it so that no traces remain.F) This is not to say that kids always use good judgment. Like everyone else, they make mistakes一 sometimes serious ones. But working out how to behave online is a new social skill. While there's plenty of drama and messiness online, it is not, for most teens, a cycle of non-stop abuse: a Pew study found only 15% of teens said someone had bullied them online in the last 12 months.G) But surely all this short-fbrm writing is affecting literacy? Certainly, teachers worry. They say that kids use overly casual language and text-speak in writing, and don't have as much patience for long reading and complex arguments. Yet studies of first-year college papers suggest these anxieties may be partly based on misguided nostalgia (怀旧 ).When Stanford University scholar Andrea Lunsford gathered data on the rates of errors in "freshman composition" papers going back to 1917, she found that they were virtually identical to today.H) But even as error rates stayed stable, student essays have blossomed in size and complexity. They are now six times longer and, unlike older "what I did this summer" essays, they offer arguments supported byevidence. Why? Computers have vastly increased the ability of students to gather information, sample different points of view and write more fluidly.I) When linguist Naomi Baron studied students9 instant messaging even there she found surprisingly rare usage of short forms such as "u" for "you"，and as students got older, they began to write in more grammatical sentences. That is because they want to appear more adult, and they know how adults are expected to write. Clearly, teaching teens formal writing is still crucial, but texting probably isn't destroying their ability to learn it.J) It is probably true that fewer kids are heavy readers compared with two generations ago, when cheap paperbacks boosted rates of reading. But even back then, a minority of people-perhaps 20%—were lifelong heavy readers, and it was cable TV not the internet, that struck a blow at that culture in the 1980s. Still, 15% or more of kids are found to be deeply bookish. In fact, the online world offers kids remarkable opportunities to become literate and creative because young people can now publish ideas not just to their friends, but to the world. And it turns out that when they write for strangers, their sense of "authentic audience" makes them work harder, push themselves further, and create powerful new communicative forms.K) Few would deny that too much time online can be harmful. Some of the dangers are emotional: hurting someone from a distance is not the same as hurting them face to face. If we're lucky, the legal environment will change to make teenagers , online lives less likely to haunt them later on. Just last week, California passed a law allowing minors to demand that internet firms erase their digital past and the EU has considered similar legislation.L) Distraction is also a serious issue. When kids switch from chat to music to homework, they are indeed likely to have trouble doing each task well. And studies show that pupils don't fact-check information online一 "smart searching" is a skill schools need to teach urgently. Ifs also true that too much social networking and game playing can cut into schoolwork and sleep. This is precisely why parents still need to set firm boundaries around it, as with any other distraction.M) So what's the best way to cope? The same boring old advice that applies to everything in parenting: moderation. Rebecca Eynon argues that it's key to model good behaviour. Parents who stare non-stop at their phones and don't read books are likely to breed kids who will do the same. As ever, we ought to be careful about our own behaviour.36. Research has found the use of digital technology benefits not only teenagers' social lives but also their studies.37. It is urgent that schools teach kids how to verify online information.38. Students now write longer and more complex essays than their counterparts in previous decades while the error rates remain unchanged.39. Newspaper reports of teenagers give a false picture of their behaviour.40. Parents are advised to mind their own digital behaviour and set a good example for their kids.41. Contrary to parents' belief, kids try hard to leave as few traces as possible on the web.42. Students , ability to learn formal writing is unlikely to be affected by texting.43. Historically, new technologies have always caused great fears among parents.44. The reading culture was seriously affected by cable television some four decades ago.45. Teachers say that kids, writing is too casual, using language characteristic of text messages.Section C.Directions:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One.Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.In the history of horse racing, few horses have captured the affection of the British public like Red Rum.Today, three decades after his retirement, he is still one of the best-known and most beloved racehorses of all time.Red Rum was passed around to several owners before being purchased for Noel Le Mar. The agent who made the purchase was the now-legendary horse trainer Donald "Ginger" McCain.It wasn't apparent at the time, but Red Rum had a serious bone disease in his foot. For many horses (and many trainers) this would mean the end of a racing career before it even began. For Ginger and Red Rum, though, it was just an obstacle to greatness that had to be overcome.Red Rum's true talent came out in steeplechases (障碍赛马).His power, speed and jumping ability carried him to his first Grand National title in 1973. The very next year, Red Rum returned to take his second title. He was the first horse to take successive firsts since Reynoldstown in 1935-1936. Red Rum's spirit and grace had already begun to charm the leagues of Grand National fans.In the following two years, Red Rum lost out on the title, coming insecond both times. When he returned in 1977 to try again, he was largely regarded as past his prime. He was 12 years old and not expected to place highly. He surprised sporting fans around the world when he came in a remarkable 25 lengths ahead of the nearest horse, taking his third Grand National win. To this day, Red Rum's third win is known as one of the greatest moments in horse racing history.Red Rum was headed for the Grand National once again in 1978 but suffered an injury in one of his heels shortly before the race. He was retired soon after, but his public life and fame by no means decreased with the end of his career. Red Rum traveled all over the country for various engagements. He often led pre-race parades at Aintree Racecourse and was a popular guest at charity benefits and public events.46. What do we learn from the passage about Red Rum the racehorse?A) He captured public affection long before he won national titles.B) He won enormous fame and love from British people.C) He became a myth three decades after his retirement.D) He owed his great success to several well-known horse trainers.47. What did the serious bone disease in Red Rum's foot mean to himself and his trainer?A) It was simply a hindrance they had to get over to excel.B) It was surely a disadvantage though not considered fatal.C) It was actually the end of a racing career that had just begun.D) It was really a major obstacle hard to overcome on their own.48. What does the author say Red Rum did with his power, speed and jumping ability?A) He won his first Grand National title at 12.B) He took two firsts successively in 1935-1936.C) He surprised sporting fans worldwide in 1973.D) He took three Grand National wins in the 1970s.49. What did people generally think of Red Rum when he returned to the racecourse in 1977?A) He had already passed the peak of his racing life.B) He would have no rival in Grand National steeplechases.C) He had lost his charm with the leagues of Grand National fans.D) He could be expected to repeat his glory in the prime of his career.50. What became of Red Rum after his career ended?A) He suffered from severe pain in a heel.B) He spent almost all his time traveling.C) He lived on various charity benefits.D) He remained famous and popular.Passage Two.Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.People in business often make decisions based on their own personal feelings or instincts. It is quite horrifying to see people being guided by some unknown force. But how wise is it, really, to let your instincts drive your decisions?In the decision-making process, relying on instincts only makes sense when you have a vast experience to support you. Simply "feeling" that something is right or should be done is highly subjective and can drown you.On the other hand, there is a more rational approach to making decisions. Data and analysis have long been associated with informed decisions. These reduce the likelihood of errors and increase the chances of success.Big, systematic data is mostly the foundation of most of our decisions, personal and business alike. But with its extreme usability comes a complication: what do you do if you strongly feel something should not be done, even if the data insists that it should?This seemingly easy question is what drives the need to understand the relationship between instincts and data in the decision-making process. Without making things complicated, the solution to this dilemma is using data and instincts in conjunction to arrive at the best possible decisions.Instinctive decisions are always backed by previous experiences or information, which acknowledges that instinctive decisions have worked in the past. Decisions are not about making the choice and braving the consequences because you want to blindly trust your instincts. They are about combining your inner wisdom with the knowledge of systematic data to make the best decisions.Sometimes, rational analysis and data are impractical to be employed in certain situations. Absence of definitive criteria, and time and resource constraints, and novel situations are instances which limit the practicality of data. The only feasible option is to rely on what your instincts tell you. In these situations, instincts can help you make effective and quick decisions.Combining instinctive and rational analysis produces well-rounded decisions. It reduces the chances of making mistakes, and has increasingly become a favorite approach to decision-making among leaders of today.51. What does the author say business people often do?A) Strive to make sense of some unknown forces.B) Avoid being driven by their own feelings.C) Draw on a vast wealth of past experience.D) Rely on instincts in decision-making.52. What should we take into account in order to make informed decisions?A) The likelihood of errors.B) Systematic data and analysis.C) The complexity of circumstances.D) Personal feelings and business strategies.53. What should people do in a decision-making process if instincts disagree with data?A) Resolve the dilemma with previous experience.B) Figure out which of the two is more reliable.C) Combine the two together.D) Prioritize instincts over data.54. What should we do when facing various factors that limit the practicality of data?A) Make a rational and systematic analysis.B) Explore the most feasible options.C) Resort to our inner wisdom.D) Apply definitive criteria.55. What does it take for decisions to become the best according to the author?A) Applying instincts and data in conjunction.B) Assessing all factors when making a choice.C) Recalling what has actually worked in the past.D) Refraining from trusting instincts arbitrarily.Part IV Translation (30 minutes).Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.改革开放以来，中国人民生活水平不断提高，这在人们的饮食（diet）变化上得到充分体现。
2022年12月大学英语四级考试真题第三套试题(后附答案与听力原文)
2022年12月大学英语四级考试真题（三）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: In this task, you are to write an essay on the necessity of developing social skills for college students. You will have 30 minutes for t如task.You should write at least丝Q words but no more than拉O words.Part ll Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)淘宝店铺（学海无涯教育）提醒您：2022年12月四级考试全国共考了2套听力，本套真题听力与前2套内容完全相同，只是顺序不同，故听力题不再重复列出。
Part]1[ Section A Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your c加ices.应ch choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not u.s,e any of the叨rds in the bank more than once.Phones influence all aspects of teenage life. Ninety-five percent of Americans ages 13 to 17 have a smartphone or have access to one, and nearly half report using the internet "almost _1L."But as recent survey data and interviews have suggested, many teens find much of that time to be unsatisfyingly spent. Continuous ___J,J_ shouldn't be mistaken for endless enjoyment. A new ---1§ representative survey about "screen time and device distractions" from the Pew Research Center indicates that it's not just parents who think teenagers are worryingly ____1L from their phones—many teens themselves do too. Fifty-four percent of the 13-to-17-year-olds surveyed said they spend too much time � in their phones.Vicky Rideout, who runs a research firm that studies children's interactions with media and technology, was not surprised by this finding. She says it's hardly 31. to teenagers. "They are dealing with the same challenges that adults are, as far as they are living in the __lL of a tech environment designed to suck as much of their time onto their devices as possible," Rideout says.The way parents interact with technology can -� the way they interact with their kids. Rideout thus thinks it's up to parents to model good __l!_: Kids tend to take note if their parents put their phone away at dinner or charge it in another room while they sleep. Witnessing habits like that can help kids "realize that they can _l.L some more control over their devices," she says.A)absorbedB)addictedC)behaviorD)constantlyE)contextF)exerciseG)inseparableH)nationally Section B I)recruited J)shape K)solution L)specific M) summary N)usage 0)vaguelyDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.应ch statement contains information given in one of the pa.ragraphs. Identify the pa.ragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a pa.ragraph more than once.压ch pa.ragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by ma rking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Evil GeniusA)A few years ago I found myself teaching a university class on evil. It was for third-year criminology students to help them contextualize theory and research within controversial current topics. It was a huge success. The debates were heated and interesting. I could see people's views change within the course of a single lecture. Over the past 13 years, as a student, lecturer and researcher, I've enjoyed discussing the science of evil with anyone willing to listen. W hat I like most is destroying the cliche（陈词滥调）of good and evil, and replacing them with scientific insight. We need a more informed way of discussing behavior that at first we cannot, or should not, begin to understand.B) Without understanding, we risk dehumanizing others, writing off human beings simply because wedon't comprehend them. We must try to understand what we have labeled evil. We tend to think evil is something that other people are. We think of ourselves as "good people", and even when we do morally wrong things, we understand the context of our decisions. With others, however, it is far easier to write them off. If their actions deviate（偏离）substantially from what we consider acceptable, we may label them evil. We need to be careful with this. Calling someone evil is often similar to saying they cannot change, and perhaps aren't even a human at all. However, when you actually go monster-hunting, and you look deeply at the people behind shocking behavior, you may be surprised.C)As a child I used to love the Scooby-Doo carto o ns. Arriving in their "Mystery Machine", the gangwould have to find a monster who was terrorizing a neighborhood. T hey would run around looking for clues and at the end unmask the bad guy. It was always a normal person in a costume. There were no monsters. Like the Scooby crew, we may find ourselves hunting for an easy fix, one word for people who do bad things. But if we take a good look, the word'evil'is insufficient—there are no simple explanations for why humans do bad things, instead there are many, and they are all marvelously different.D)Evil is typically referred to when there is deviance from social norms, formal deviance is the violationof laws, like theft, murder, and attacks, while informal deviance involves violations of social norms, like lying. Evil behavior is typically thought to embrace one or both forms. However, deviance can also describe a behavior that simply differs from the norm.E)Perhaps this is where we can find the good side of our bad side.Deviating from the norm can make usvillains（恶棍），but it can also make us heroes. A child deviates from social pressures when they stand up for another child being bullied in school. A soldier deviates when they choose not to follow orders to kill an innocent civilian. An employee in a big tech company deviates when they expose its wrongdoings.F)Creativity is also a deviation. Here, too, things are complex. Thinking creatively has given us modernmedicine, technology and modern political structures, but it has also given us poison and nuclear weapons. Great benefit and great harm can come from the same human tendency.G)In a research paper, Evil Genius, published in 2014, the behavioral scientists Francesca Gino andScott Wiltermuth wanted to examine whether people who behave unethically in one task are more creative than others on a subsequent task, even after controlling for differences in baseline creative skills. The unethical behavior they chose was dishonesty.H)Over five experiments researchers gave participants tasks in which they could cheat. In one study, theywere given血trixes（矩阵）and had to find two numbers that added up to 10. Participants were asked to self-report how well they did at the end of the study, 59% cheated by saying that they solved more matrixes than they actually had.I)After each task, the researchers measured participants'performance on the Remote Associates Test.This shows participants three words at a time that appear to be unrelated, and the person has to think of a fourth word that is associated with all of them. For example, you might get "Fox, Man, Peep", or "Dust, Cereal, Fish". In order to find the linking words ("Hole" for the first, "Bowl" for the second) you need to be creative. The more you get right, the more creative you are thought to be because you have come up with uncommon associations.J)For every one of the five studies, they found the same thing—participants who cheated in the first task did better on the creativity task. Why? Like other forms of unethical behavior, lying means breaking rules. It involves being deviant, going against the social principle that people should tell the truth.Similarly, being creative involves "thinking outside the box", deviating from expectations. They involve similar thought patterns, so stimulating one stimulates the other. Can we learn from this?Perhaps. To be more creative, we could try lying in a controlled environment. Find online logic games and cheat at them, play Scrabble（拼宇游戏）with a dictionary, or write a story about something that is untrue? Such tasks can get our brains thinking flexibly, beyond our normal comfort zone. This is nota call to become a compulsive（强迫性的）liar,but a controlled liar.K)In addition to benefits for creativity, deviance can be a good thing in other ways. Even Philip Zimbardo, the author of the Stanford prison experiment, who showed how easily we can be led to behave badly, believes that the future of deviance research may lie more in understanding extreme prosocial behavior, such as heroism. Like evil, we often view heroism as only a possibility for outliers— for people who are abnormal. But Zimbardo asks, "What if the capability to act heroically is also fundamentally ordinary and available to all of us?" Some say we should never meet our heroes, lest they disappoint us when we find out how normal they are. But this should be liberating, not disappointing. We are all capable of behaving like outliers. It's time for us to understand deviance, and realize its potential for good as well as for harm.36.A behavior that does not conform to social norms may be described as being deviant.37.Various experiments found that participants who cheated in the initial task performed better in thecreativity test.38.People may be simply considered evil if their behaviors are morally unacceptable to us.39.The research published by two scientists was intended to examine the relationship between dishonestyand creativity.40.The author's lectures sparked lively discussions in his class.41.The researchers tested the participants'creativity by asking them to play a word game.42. It is time we realized that deviance may be capable of doing both good and harm to individuals andsociety.43.The reasons for people's evil behaviors can be explained in more ways than one.44.The math task in one experiment was designed to test participants'tendency to cheat.45.So m e creative ideas have turned out to do harm to human society.Section CDirections:'I',加re are 2 passages in this section．应ch passage is followed by some questions or unfinis加d statements. For each of加m t加re are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on t加best choice and mark t加corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Even though we are living in an age where growing old is thought of as an inevitable misery, this doctor has been changing the game for seniors over the last 25 years.It all started in 1991 when the Harvard-educated physician was transferred from working in a stressful emergency room to being the medical director of a nursing home in upstate New York. The depressing and regimented（严格管制的）environment got him thinking on what exactly could improve the residents' conditions.Even though animals in nursing homes were illegal at the time, Dr. Bill Thomas took a chance. Based on a hunch（直觉），he brought in two dogs, four cats, hens, rabbits, 100 birds, a multitude of plants, a flower garden, and a vegetable patch.The change was dramatic. There was a 50% drop in medical prescriptions along with a dramatic decrease in death rates—but most importantly, the residents were simply happier.Dr. Thomas's approach, named the Eden Alternative, has driven nursing homes to allow a more autonomous (自主的）and creative living space for their elderly. It erases the belief that growing old means growing useless. He encourages residents to think of their age as an enriching new phase of life rather than the end of it.Thomas, now a speaker and author of several books, also created small, independently-run residences with their own bedrooms and bathrooms, and he has been preaching a singular message that getting old is not a bad thing."Within six weeks, they had to send a truck around to pick up all the wheelchairs," Thomas told the Washington Post. "You know why most people in nursing homes use wheelchairs? Because the buildings are so big."The 56-year-old doctor's methods have been adopted in Australia, Japan, Canada, and America with enormous success. Last year he published Second Wind: Navigating t如Passage to a Slower, Deeper, and More Connected Life, a guide on how to shift our perspectives on aging and growth.He is currently traveling through North America performing with his guitar and his enthusiasm on his Age of Disruption Tour.46.What has Bill Thomas been doing for a quarter of a century?A)Transforming people's lifestyle.B)Honoring his Harvard education.C)Changing people's philosophy of life.D)Shifting people's perspective on aging.47.Why did Bill Thomas try something different in the nursing home?A)He wanted to make it more pleasant for seniors.B)He wanted to apply his Harvard training to practice.C)He felt it his duty to revolutionize its management.D)He felt disappointed working in the environment.48.What do we learn about Bill Thomas bringing animals and plants into the nursing home?A)He made a mess of the nursing home.B)He did something all professionals would do.C)He won instant support from the state authorities.D)He acted in violation of the state law.49.What has Bill Thomas been persistently advocating?A)Good health is not just a privilege of the young.B)Nursing homes should be strictly limited in size.C)Getting old is by no means something miserable.D)Residences for seniors should be run independently.50.How is Bill Thomas's new concept received?A)It is gaining gr o und in many countries.B)It is being heatedly debated worldwide.C)It is considered revolutionary everywhere.D)It is winning approval from the government.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following p邸吨e.Research shows that in developed countries, more affluent and educated people tend to consume higher-quality diets一including more fruits and vegetables, fish and whole grains. On the contrary, economically disadvantaged people report diets that are nutrient-poor and energy-dense. They are less likely to have food-purchasing habits that conform to public health recommendations.These dietary differences are often accompanied by higher rates of obesity and diabetes among lowerincome people. This relationship between social class and diet quality and health is extensively documented. However, the research does not explain why this is the case--a question that has significant implications for designing effective policies and initiatives to improve diets and prevent chronic diseases.Public-health initiatives to promote healthy diets often focus on providing nutrition education and recipes（食谱）．These approaches, however, often presume less food literacy (i.e. food knowledge and skills) among low-income people. Are unhealthy diets really the result of poor choices, limited food skills and knowledge?Research suggests that adults in food-insecure households are just as likely as those in food-secure households to adjust recipes to make them more healthy. They are also just as proficient in food preparation and cooking skills. There is no indication that increasing food skills or budgeting skills will reduce food insecurity.Instead, disadvantaged groups are constrained by their economic, material and social circumstances. For example, low income is the strongest predictor of food insecurity in Canada, where one in eight households experiences insufficient access to nutritious foods.It's well-established that food prices are an important determinant of food choice. Low-incomehouseholds report that they find it difficult to adopt dietary guidelines because food prices are a barrier to improving their diets.When researchers estimate the cost of diets people actually eat, higher-quality diets are typically more costly.While this may be so, it does not, in itself, prove that healthy diets are necessarily more expensive or cost-prohibitive. After all, not all socioeconomically disadvantaged people consume poor diets.We can easily think of a number of f o ods and recipes that are both inexpensive and nutritious. The internet is full of recipes for "eating well on a budget."51.What can we learn from research on diets in developed countries?A)Dietary recommendations are not fit for underprivileged people.B)People from different social groups vary in ·their dietary habits.C)People's choice of food depends on their individual taste.D) There is no consensus on what high-quality diets are.52.What does the author say is important in formulating policies to improve diets and health?A)A better understanding of the relationship between social class and health.B)A greater emphasis on studying the cause of obesity and chronic diseases.C)Prioritizing the provision of better nutrition for lower classes.D)Designing education programs and initiatives on public health.53.What does research reveal about adults in food-insecure households?A)Their eating habits need to be changed.B)Their food literacy has been improving.C) They do not pay much attention to their food recipes.D)They do not lack food knowledge or budgeting skills.54.What would help improve food security among the disadvantaged groups in Canada?A) Teaching them budgeting skills.B)Increasing their food choices.C)Enabling them to have more access to nutritious foods.D)Taking more effective measures to increase food supplies.55.What does the author suggest disadvantaged people do to improve their health?A)Adopt a positive attitude towards dietary guidelines.B)Choose diets that are both healthy and affordable.C)Make sure to purchase healthy foods on the internet.D) Change their eating habits and consumption patterns.Part N Translation (30 minutes)Directions For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You s加uld write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.圣(Winter Solstice)是全年白昼最短、黑夜最长的一天，标志着一年中最寒冷时节的开始。
2021年12月全国大学英语四级真题及答案(第三套)
2021年12月全国大学英语四级真题及答案（三）一、听力部分：：News Report One(1)A 22-year-old Chinese woman who suffered from a persistent cough was shocked to learn that she had a piece of chicken bone lodged in her lung.The unnamed woman from the province of Shandong started have coughing problems when she was 7 or 8 years old.For 14 years,she made numerous hospital visits.However,no doctor could identify any problem.Her uncontrollable coughing was a mystery.Finally,the woman got a full body scan at a hospital in the city of Qingdao.This special medical procedure revealed she had a chicken bone stuck in herlung.(2)Doctors performed surgery and removed the bone.The simple procedure went smoothly and the woman has recovered fully with the bone finally removed from her lung,the woman is very happy that she no longer suffers from that annoying cough.1.What was the woman’s problem?2.How was the woman’s problem eventually solved?News Report Two(3)A white shape named Prickles that ran away from an Australian farm during the 2013 bush fires recently returned home.According to farmer Alice Gray,Prickles was only a lamb when she ran away.The bush fires that hit the area back then destroyed a large part of her family’s massive property.They thought Prickles had died in the fire.But instead,the young sheep escaped into a 200-acre forest near the farm.(4)Once the fires were over,the family had to fix the damage done to the farm as it was such a large property,which included rebuilding about 40 kilometers of fencing.It was this huge fencing that prevented Pickles from finding her way back.Over the years,the family spotted her a few times.They even recorded her with cameras installed to monitor the activity.But when they knew Pringles was alive,they couldn’t find her and never expected her t o return by herself.Seven years later,they were proven wrong.3.What does the news say about the white sheep Prickles?4.What the family do of the bush fires?News Report Three(5)Tons of gold have fallen out of the sky in Russia after a cargo plane malfunctioned in midair this morning.The aircraft was carrying 265 million pounds worth of gold and diamonds,when the door flew open,sending the precious metal back to earth.According to the official news agency,Russian authorities have recovered more than 170 gold bars weighing 20 kilograms each.The plane was traveling from Yakutsk airport in a major diamond producing region to the city Krasnoyarsk in Siberia.(6)However,the aircraft made an emergency landing in Magan after began losing some of its valuable cargo.Reports suggest some bars of gold were scattered up to fifteen miles away from the airport.Nine tons of gold on plane AN12 belonged to a gold mine company.Police have sealed off the runway and say it is unclear if it was an accident or an attempted robbery.(7)Technical engineers who worked on the plane prior to takeoff are reportedly going to be questioned by the police.5.What is the news report mainly about?6.What did the aircraft do when the incident happened?7.What does the news report say about the technical engineers who worked on the plane before takeoff?Conversation One8.Why does the man have this conversation with the man recorded?His job is related to the customer service.9.What is the woman’s purpose of calling to the furniture company?She wants to know when she can get her money back.10.What does the woman say about her bank card?The new bank card will be sent to her on Tuesday,and the bank may has canceled the old one before the man made the payment.11.What does the man advise the woman to do?She needs to update the card details directly on the website.Conversation Two12.Why isn’t the man going to cook?He’s worn out.13.What does the man say he’ll do on his phone?He’ll use the food delivery app on his phone.14.What does the woman think of the Indian food?That’s not the kind of the hot she means.She needs something mild.15.What does the man think of the woman?She’s really difficult to please.Passage One(16)A new study carried out by the university of Lincoln has found a link between the personalities of cat owners and the behavior and wellbeing of their cats.The findings suggest that just as apparent personality can affect the personality of a child,the same is true for a cat and its owner.Owners defined as individuals with high levels of anxiety,fear,anger,depression and loneliness were more likely to have cats with behavioral issues.Such cats display more aggressive and anxious behavioral styles as well as more stress related sickness.They will also more likely to have an ongoing medical condition and be overweight.The research also found that mentally well-adjusted owners had come from happier and healthier cats.Researchers explained that many owners regard their pets as a family member and form close social bonds with them.(17)The majority of owners want to provide the best care for their pets and is therefore possible that pets could be affected by the way their owners interact with and manage them.The study highlights an important relationship between our personalities and the well-being of our pets.(18)Further research is needed to investigate the cause of nature of this relationship and look at how owners’personalities are directly influencing their pet’s behavior and well-being.It is possible that the well-being of pets is driven by the underlying nature of the owner not simply by their conscious decisions and behaviors.16.What do we learn from the new study by the University of Lincoln?17.What does the passage say most pet owners want to do?18.What does the passage say i t’s still needed to understand the effects of owners’personalities on their pets?Passage Two(19)One 50-minute run can add seven hours to your life.This was a claim made by The Times last week.The claim was based on a new review of studies about the effects of running.The reviewconcluded that an average runners live three years longer than non-runners and that running does more to extend life than any other form of exercise.But there’s more to running than its health benefits.(20)Research published in recent years have shown that running changes your brain and mind in some fascinating ways from increasing your brain function to regulating your emotions.However,the precise effects vary according to whether you engage in short fast running or long distance r unning.For example,in one study,researchers compared participants’ability to learn new words after several minutes of intense running,and after 40 minutes of gentlerunning,participants were able to learn 20 percent faster after the intense running and they showed a superior memory when tested again a week later.In another study,researchers asked volunteers to jog for 30 minutes and then showed them clips from a sad movie.Participants who usually struggled to handle negative emotions were more intensely aff ected by the sad clips just as you’d expect.But crucially,this was less so if they had completed the 30 minutes jog.(21)The researchers said moderate exercise appears to have helped those participants to be less vulnerable to the impact of the sad movie.19.What did the new review of studies claim?20.What is one effect that running has on people according to recent research?21.What did another study find about the participant after they had a 30 minutes jog?Passage ThreeWelcome to the tour of the Hill House.This house built in 1904 is one of the most well-known works of Charles Hill,the famous architect.It was designed and built for local entrepreneur and his family.Before starting the tour,let me give you a brief introduction about the design of this amazing building.(23)Prior to beginning his design,the architect spends sometime in the client’s old home,observing their life and studying their habits.This meant that he could design the house according to the needs of the family.(24)The client’s main desi re was to have a home with unique design,so the architect was given complete freedom.The building style is radically different from what was the fashion of the period.At the time,most large homes were constructed of timber and brick.This one,however,is made of concrete,a novel construction material in those days.The interior of the house,including the fittings and furniture,was also designed by the same person.Most of the furniture you will see is original and in good condition.However,(25)both pieces in th e children’s bedrooms are copies built to the designs of the architect.Fortunately,all the blueprints for both the building and its contents have been preserved,so we’ve been able to replace badly damaged furniture.Let’s begin our tour,starting from the ro oms.22.What do we learn about the speaker?He is the guide of the tour.23.What dis the architect do before beginning his design?24.What did the architect’s client mainly want?25.What do we learn about the pieces of furniture in the children’s bedrooms?1.D)He did an unusual good deed2.C)Give some money to the waiter3.A)Whether or not to move to the state's mainland4.B)It costs too much money5.A)To investigate whether people are grateful for help6.C)They held doors open for people at various places7.B)Most people express gratitude for help8.C)To enquire about solar panel installation9.D)He has a large family.10.B)The cost of a solar panel installation11.D)About five years12.A)At a travel agency13.D)She wanted to spend more time her family.14 D)Two weeks.15.A)Choosing some activities herself16.D)Pay a green tax upon arrival17.A)It has not been doing a good job in recycling.18.B)To ban single-use plastic bags and straws on Bali land.19.D)Its population is now showing signs of increase20.C)Commercial hunting21.D)To seek breeding grounds22.C)They consume less milk these days23.A)It is not as healthy as once thought24.C)They lack the necessary proteins to digest it25.B)It provides some necessary nutrients二、选词填空∶Many people believe that commitment are the foundations of..26.O)unique27.)possess28.D)endure29.C)confused30.J)presence31.B)assess32.Flgenius33.A)acknowledge34.M)surprising35.G)highly三、信息匹配部分：Why it matters that teens are reading less?36.[E]That may be true,but that still does not tell us much about what happens across a whole generation of people when time spent on digital media rge surveys con-ducted over the course of many years tell us that American youth are not going to the cinema nearly as often as they did in the past.37.<B>Analysis of surveys of over one million teens in the United States collected since 1976 reveals a major shift in how teens are spending their leisure time.Paper books are being ignored,in favor of screens.…….38.[G]Indeed,the number of senior high school students who said they had not read any books for pleasure in the last year was one out of three by 2016.That is triple the number from two decades ago.……39.[D]If teens are spending so much time using electronic devices,does that mean they have to give activities?Maybe not.Over the years,many scholars have insisted that time online does not necessarily take away time spent engaging with traditional media or on other activities.…40[.A]Most of us spend much more time with digital media than we did a decade ago.But today's teens have grown up with pared with teens a couple of de-cades ago,the way they interact with traditional media like books and movies is fundamentally different.…41.[H]]This might present problems for young people later on.When high school students go on to college,their past and current reading habits will influence their academic per-formance.….42.[c]Teens did not always spend that much time with digi-tal media.Online time has doubled since 2006,and social media use has moved from a periodic activity to a daily one in the same period.By 2016,nearly nine out of ten young women in the 12th grade said they visited social media sites every day.……43.[F]But the treads related to movies are less disturbing compared with the change in how teens spend their time.Research has revealed an enormous decline in reading.In 1980,about 60 percent of senior high school students said they read a book,newspaper or magazine every day that was not assigned for school.By 2016,only 16 percent did.44.<B>Analysis of surveys of over one million teens in the United States collected since 1976 reveals a major shift in how teens are spending their leisure time.Paper books are being ignored,in favor of screens.……45.[E]That may be true,but that still does not tell us much about what happens across a whole generation of people when time spent on digital media rge surveys conducted over the course of many years tell us that American youth are not going to the cinema nearly as often as they did in the past.….四、仔细阅读部分：Have you ever wondered how acceptable it is to hug or touchsomeone?46.C)Its absence might suggest a lack of warmth in interpersonal relationships.47.D)How close the communicator‘s relationships are.48.B)They take touching as a cultural norm in social interactions.49.A)Men can show friendship in public through physical affection.50.D)Take other people's preference into consideration.From climate change to the ongoing pandemic(大流行病)and beyond，the issues facing today's world are increasingly complex and dynamic.51.A)It faces problems that are getting more varied and compli-cated.52.C)People are divided about the nature of interest.53.D)How a growth mindset of interest can contribute to crossdisciplinarythinking.54.C)Making innovative products needs multidisciplinary products.55.B)Broadening their interests.六、翻译部分：坎儿井(Karez)是新疆干旱地区的一种水利系统，由地下渠道将水井连接而成。
2021年12月英语四级(第3套)听力真题 短对话(1)
2021年12月英语四级(第3套)听力真题短对话(1)Question 1. W: Simon, could you return the tools I lent you for building the bookshelf last month?问题1. 女：西蒙，你能把上个月我借你装书架的工具还给我吗？M: Oh, well, I hate to tell you this, but I can't seem to find them.男：哦，好吧，我不想告诉你这个坏消息，但我好像找不到了。
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?问：从对话中我们可以了解到什么？Question 2. W: I am going to Martha's house.问题2．女：我要去玛莎家。
I have a paper to complete. And I need to use her computer.我有一篇论文要写完。
得用她的电脑。
M: Why don't you buy one yourself? Think how much time you could save.男：你怎么不自己买一个？想想那样你可以节省多少时间！Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?问：这位男士建议女士做什么？Question 3. W: Daddy, I've decided to give up science and go to business school.问题3. 女：爸爸，我已经决定不搞科学了，改去商学院。
M: Well, it is your choice as long as you pay your own way, but I should warn you that not everyone with a business degree will make a successful manager.男：嗯，只要你自食其力，这是你自己的选择。
2021年12月英语四级真题试卷卷三【完整版】
2021年12⽉英语四级真题试卷卷三【完整版】⼤学英语四级考试满分：710。
听⼒（35%）249分、阅读（35%）249分、综合（10%）70分、写作和翻译（20%）142分。
12⽉英语四级真题试卷卷三1、听⼒2、选词填空∶Many people believe that commitment are the foundations of ..26.O)unique27.)possess28.D)endure29.C)confused30.J)presence31.B)assess32.Flgenius33.A)acknowledge34.M)surprising35.G)highly3、信息匹配：Why it matters that teens are reading less?36.[E] That may be true, but that still does not tell us much about what happens across a whole generation of people when time spent on digital media rge surveys con-ducted over the course of many years tell us that American youth are not going to the cinema nearly as often as they did in the past.37.[B]Analysis of surveys of over one million teens in the United States collected since 1976 reveals a major shift in how teens are spending their leisure time. Paper books are being ignored, in favor of screens.…….38.[G] Indeed, the number of senior high school students who said they had not read any books for pleasure in the last yearwas one out of three by 2016. That is triple the number from two decades ago.……39.[D]If teens are spending so much time using electronic devices, does that mean they have to give activities? Maybe not. Over the years, many scholars have insisted that time online does not necessarily take away time spent engaging with traditional media or on other activities.…40[.A] Most of us spend much more time with digital media than we did a decade ago.But today's teens have grown up with smartphones. Compared with teens a couple of de-cades ago, the way they interact with traditional media like books and movies is fundamentally different.…41.[H]] This might present problems for young people later on. When high school students go on to college, their past and current reading habits will influence their academic per-formance.….42.[c] Teens did not always spend that much time with digi-tal media. Online time has doubled since 2006, and social media use has moved from a periodic activity to a daily one in the same period.By 2016, nearly nine out of ten young women in the 12th grade said they visited social media sites every day.……43.[F]But the treads related to movies are less disturbing compared with the change in how teens spend their time. Research has revealed an enormous decline in reading.In 1980, about 60 percent of senior high school students said they read a book, newspaper or magazine every day that was not assigned for school.By 2016, only 16 percent did.44.[B] Analysis of surveys of over one million teens in the United States collected since 1976 reveals a major shift in how teens are spending their leisure time. Paper books are being ignored, in favor of screens.……45.[E] That may be true, but that still does not tell us much about what happens across a whole generation of people when time spent on digital media grows. Large surveys conducted over the course of many years tell us that American youth are not going to the cinema nearly as often as they did in the past.….4、仔细阅读：Have you ever wondered how acceptable it is to hug or touchsomeone ?46.C)Its absence might suggest a lack of warmth in interpersonal relationships .47.D)How close the communicator‘s relationships are .48.B) They take touching as a cultural norm in social interactions.49.A)Men can show friendship in public through physical affection.50.D)Take other people's preference into consideration .From climate change to the ongoing pandemic (⼤流⾏病) and beyond ，the issues facing today's world are increasingly complex and dynamic .51.A)It faces problems that are getting more varied and compli-cated.52.C) People are divided about the nature of interest .53.D)How a growth mindset of interest can contribute to crossdisciplinarythinking.54.C) Making innovative products needs multidisciplinary products.55.B) Broadening their interests .5、翻译：坎⼉井(Karez)是新疆⼲旱地区的⼀种⽔利系统，由地下渠道将⽔井连接⽽成。
2023年12月大学英语四级考试真题第3套
12月大学英语四级考试真题(第3套)Part Ⅰ Writing ( 30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying" Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to make things happen." You can cite xamples to illustrate the importance of being participants rather than mere on lookers inlife. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension ( 30 minutes)听力音频地址：Section ADirections : In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will bea pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, Cand D,and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1.A.Children should be taught to be more careful.B.Children shouldn't drink so much orange juice.C.There is no need for the man to make such a fuss.D.Timmy should learn to do things in the right way.2.A.Fitness training.B.The new job offer.puter programming.D.Directorship of the club.3.A.He needs to buy a new sweater.B.He has got to save on fuel bills.C.The fuel price has skyrocketed.D.The heating system doesn't work.mitting theft.B.Taking pictures.C.Window shopping.D.Posing for the camera.5.A.She is taking some medicine.B.She has not seen a doctor yet.C.She does not trust the man's advice.D.She has almost recovered from the cough.6.A.Pamela's report is not finished as scheduled.B.Pamela has a habit of doing things in a hurry.C.Pamela is not good at writing research papers.D.Pamela's mistakes could have been avoided.7.A.In the left-luggage office.B.At the hotel reception.C.In a hotel room.D.At an airport.8.A.She was an excellent student at college.B.She works in the entertainment business.C.She is fond of telling stories in her speech.D.She is good at conveying her message.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A.Arranging the woman's appointment with Mr.Romero.B.Fixing the time for the designer's latest fashion show.C.Talking about an important gathering on Tuesday.D.Preparing for the filming on Monday morning.10.A.Her travel to Japan.B.The awards ceremony.C.The proper hairstyle for her new role.D.When to start the make-up session.11.A.He is Mr.Romero's agent.B.He is an entertainment journalist.C.He is the woman's assistant.D.He is a famous movie star.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A.Make an appointment for an interview.B.Send in an application letter.C.Fill in an application form.D.Make a brief self-introduction on the phone.13.A.Someone having a college degree in advertising.B.Someone experienced in business management.C.Someone ready to take on more responsibilities.D.Someone willing to work beyond regular hours.14.A.Travel opportunities.B.Handsome pay.C.Prospects for promotion.D.Flexible working hours.15.A.It depends on the working hours.B.It is about 500 pounds a week.C.It will be set by the Human Resources.D.It is to be negotiated.Section BDirections..In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A., B,Cand D..Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A.To give customers a wider range of choices.B.To make shoppers see as many items as possible.C.To supply as many varieties of goods as it can.D.To save space for more profitable products.17.A.On the top shelves.B.On the bottom shelves.C.On easily accessible shelves.D.On clearly marked shelves.18.A.Many of them buy things on impulse.B.A few of them are fathers with babies.C.A majority of them are young couples.D.Over 60% of them make shopping lists.19.A.Sales assistants promoting high margin goods.B.Sales assistants following customers around.C.Customers competing for good bargains.D.Customers losing all sense of time.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20.A.Teaching mathematics at a school.B.Doing research in an institute.C.Studying for a college degree.D.Working in a hi-tech company21.A.He studied the designs of various clocks.B.He did experiments on different materials.C.He bought an alarm clock with a pig face.D.He asked different people for their opinions.22.A.Its automatic mechanism.B.Its manufacturing process.C.Its way of waking people up.D.Its funny-looking pig face.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23.A.It is often caused by a change of circumstances.B.It actually doesn't require any special treatment.C.It usually appears all of a sudden.D.It generally lasts for several years.24.A.They cannot mix well with others.B.They irrationally annoy their friends.C.They depend heavily on family members.D.They blame others for ignoring their needs.25.A.They lack consistent support from peers.B.They doubt their own popularity.C.They were born psychologically weak.D.They focus too much on themselves.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.Whenthe passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have justheard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.There was a time when any personal information that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and26 in a file cabinet.It could remain there for years and, often27, never reach the outside world.Things have done a complete about-face since then.28 the change has been the astonishingly29 development in recent years of the computer.Today, any data that is 30 about us in one place or another--and for one reason or another--can be stored in a computer bank.It can then be easily passed to other computer banks.They are owned by individuals and by private businesses and corporations, lending 31 , direct mailing and telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and32 at the local, state, and federal level.A growing number of Americans are seeing the accumulation and distribution of computerized data as a frightening33 of their privacy.Surveys show that the number of worried Americans has been steadily growing over the years as the computer becomes increasingly 34, easier to operate, and less costly to purchase and maintain.In 1970, a national survey showed that 37 percent of the people35felt their privacy was being invaded.Seven years later, 47 percent expressed the same worry.Arecent survey by a credit bureau revealed that the number of alarmed citizens had shot up to 76percent.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given, in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each.choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the center.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Children do not think the way adults do.For most of the first year of life, if something is out of sight, it's out of mind.If you cover a baby's36toy with a piece of cloth, the baby thinks the toyhas disappeared and stops looking for it.A 4-year-old may 37 that a sister has more fruit juicewhen it is only the shapes of the glasses that differ, not the38 of juice.Yet children are smart in their own way.Like good little scientists, children are always testing their child-sized39 about how things work.When your child throws her spoon on the floor for the sixth time as you try to feed her, and you say, "That's enough! I will not pick up your spoon again!"the child will 40 test your claim.Are you serious? Are you angry? What will happen if she throws the spoon again? She is not doing this to drive you41; rather, she is learning that her desires and yours can differ, and that sometimes those42 are important and sometimes they are not.How and why does children's thinking change? In the 1920s, Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget proposed that children's cognitive (认知旳) abilities unfold 43, like the blooming of a flower,almost independent of what else is44in their lives.Althoughmany of his specific conclusions havebeen45 or modified over the years, his ideas inspired thousands of studies by investigators all over the world.A. advocateB. amountC. confirmedD. crazyE. definiteF. differencesG. favoriteH. happeningI. ImmediatelyJ. NaturallyK. ObtainingL. PrimarilyM. ProtestN. RejectedO. theoriesSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with, ten statementsattached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Perfect EssayA.Looking back on too many years of education, I can identify one truly impossible teacher.Shecared about me, and my intellectual life, even when I didn't.Her expectations were high--impossibly so.She was an English teacher.She was also my mother.B.When good students turn in an essay, they dream of their instructor returning it to them in exactly the same condition, save for a single word added in the margin of the final page : "Flawless." This dream came true for me one afternoon in the ninth grade.Of course, I had heard that genius could show itself at an early age, so I was only slightly taken aback that I had achieved perfection at the tender age of 14.Obviously, I did what any professional writer would do; I hurried off to spread thegood news.I didn't get very far.The first person I told was my mother.C.My mother, who is just shy of five feet tall, is normally incredibly soft-spoken, but on the rareoccasion when she got angry, she was terrifying.I am not sure if she was more upset by my hubris(得意忘形) or by the fact that my English teacher had let my ego get so out of hand.In any event,my mother and her red pen showed me how deeply flawed a flawless essay could be.At the time,I am sure she thought she was teaching me about mechanics, transitions (过渡), structure, style and voice.But whatI learned, and what stuck with me through my time teaching writing at Harvard, wasa deeper lesson about the nature of creative criticism.D.First off, it hurts.Genuine criticism, the type that leaves a lasting mark on you as a writer, also leaves an existential imprint (印记) on you as a person.I have heard people say that a writer should never take criticism personally.I say that we should never listen to these people.E. Criticism, at its best, is deeply personal, and gets to the heart of why we write the way we do. Theintimate nature of genuine criticism implies something about who is able to give it, namely,someone who knows you well enough to show you how your mental life is getting in the way of good writing.Conveniently, they are also the people who care enough to see you through this painful realization.For me it took the form of my first, and I hope only, encounter with writer'sblock--I was not able to produce anything for three years.F. Franz Kafka once said: "Writing is utter solitude (独处), the descent into the cold abyss (深渊) of oneself." My mother's criticism had shown me that Kafka is right about the cold abyss, and when you make the introspective (内省旳) descent that writing requires you are not always pleased by what you find.But, in the years that followed, her sustained tutoring suggested that Kafka might be wrong about the solitude.I was lucky enough to find a critic and teacher who was willing to make the journey of writing with me."It is a thing of no great difficulty," according to Plutarch, "to raise objections against another man's speech, it is a very easy matter; but to produce a better in its place is a work extremely troublesome." I am sure I wrote essays in the later years of high school without my mother's guidance, but I can't recall them.What I remember, however, is how she took up the "extremely troublesome" work of ongoing criticism.G. There are two ways to interpret Plutarch when he suggests that a critic shouldbe able to produce "a better in its place." In a straightforward sense, he could mean that a critic must be more talented than the artist she critiques (评论).My mother was well covered on this count.But perhapsPlutarch is suggesting something slightly different, something a bit closer to Marcus Cicero's claim that one should "criticize by creation, not by finding fault." Genuine criticism creates a precious opening for an author to become better on his own terms--a process that is often extremely painful,but also almost always meaningful.H. My mother said she would help me with my writing, but first I had to help myself.For each assignment, I was to write the best essay I could.Real criticism is not meant to find obvious mistakes, so if she found any--the type I could have found on my own--I had to start from scratch.From scratch.Once the essay was "flawless," she would take an evening to walk me through myerrors.That was when true criticism, the type that changed me as a person, began.I. She criticized me when I included little-known references and professional jargon (行话).She had no patience for brilliant but irrelevant figures of speech."Writers can't bluff (虚张声势) their way through ignorance." That was news to me--I would need to freed another way to structure my daily existence.J. She trimmed back my flowery language, drew lines through my exclamation marks and argued for the value of restraint in expression."John," she almost whispered.I leaned in to hear her:"I can'thear you when you shout at me." So I stopped shouting and bluffing, and slowly my writingimproved.K. Somewhere along the way I set aside my hopes of writing that flawless essay.Butperhaps I missed something important in my mother's lessons about creativity and perfection.Perhaps the point of writing the flawless essay was not to give up, but to never willingly finish.Whitman repeatedly reworked "Song of Myself' between 1855 and 1891.Repeatedly.We do our absolute best with apiece of writing, and come as close as we can to the ideal.And, for the time being, we settle.Incritique, however, we are forced to depart, to give up the perfection we thought we had achieved for the chance of being even a little bit better.This is the lesson I took from my mother: If perfection were possible, it would not be motivating.46.The author was advised against the improper use of figures of speech.47.The author's mother taught him a valuable lesson by pointing out lots of flaws in his seemingly perfect essay.48.A writer should polish his writing repeatedly so as to get closer to perfection.49.Writers may experience periods of time in their life when they just can't produce anything.50.The author was not much surprised when his school teacher marked his essay as "flawless".51.Criticizing someone's speech is said to be easier than coming up with a better one.52.The author looks upon his mother as his most demanding and caring instructor.53.The criticism the author received from his mother changed him as a person.54.The author gradually improved his writing by avoiding fancy language.55.Constructive criticism gives an author a good start to improve his writing.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C.andD .You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Could you reproduce Silicon Valley elsewhere, or is there something unique about it?It wouldn't be surprising if it were hard to reproduce in other countries, because you couldn'treproduce it in most of the US either.What does it take to make a Silicon Valley?It's the right people.If you could get the right ten thousand people to move from Silicon Valley to Buffalo, Buffalo would become Silicon Valley.You only need two kinds of people to create a technology hub (中心) : rich people and nerds (痴迷科研旳人).Observation bears this out.Within the US, towns have become star,up hubs if and only if they have both rich people and nerds.Few startups happen in Miami, for example, because although it's full of rich people, it has few nerds.It's not the kind of place nerds like.Whereas Pittsburgh has the opposite problem: plenty of nerds, but no rich people.The top US Computer Science departments are said to be MIT, Stanford, Berkeley, andCarnegie-Mellon.MITyielded Route 128.Stanford and Berkeley yielded Silicon Valley.But what did Carnegie-Mellon yield in Pittsburgh? And what happened in Ithaca, home of Cornell University, which is also high on the list?I grew up in Pittsburgh and went to college at Cornell, so I can answer for both.The weather is terrible, particularly in winter, and there's no interesting old city to make up for it, as there is inBoston.Rich people don't want to live in Pittsburgh or Ithaca. So while there're plenty of hackers (电脑迷) who could start startups, there's no one to invest in themDo you really need the rich people? Wouldn't it work to have the government invest in the nerds?No, it would not.Startup investors are a distinct type of rich people.They tend to have a lot of experience themselves in the technology business.This helps them pick the right startups, and means they can supply advice and connections as well as money.And the fact that they have a personal stake in the outcome makes them really pay attention.56.What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?A.Its success is hard to copy anywhere else.B.It is the biggest technology hub in the US.C.Its fame in high technology is incomparable.D.It leads the world in information technology.57.What makes Miami unfit to produce a Silicon Valley?ck of incentive for investment.ck of the right kind of talents.ck of government support.ck of famous universities.58.In what way is Carnegie-Mellon different from Stanford, Berkeley and MIT?A.Its location is not as attractive to rich people.B.Its science departments are not nearly as good.C.It does not produce computer hackers and nerds.D.It does not pay much attention to business startups.59.What does the author imply about Boston?A.It has pleasant weather all year round.B.It produces wealth as well as high-tech.C.It is not likely to attract lots of investors and nerds.D.It is an old city with many sites of historical interest.60.What does the author say about startup investors?A.They are especially wise in making investments.B.They have good connections in the government.C.They can do more than providing money.D.They are rich enough to invest in nerds.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.It's nice to have people of like mind around.Agreeable people boost your confidence and allow you to relax and feel comfortable.Unfortunately, that comfort can hinder the very learning that can expandyour company and your career.It's nice to have people agree, but you need conflicting perspectives to dig out the truth.If everyone around you has similar views, your work will suffer from confirmation bias (偏颇).Take a look at your own network.Do your contacts share your point of view on most subjects? If yes, it's time to shake things up.As a leader, it can be challenging to create an environment in which people will freely disagree and argue, but as the saying goes: From confrontation comes brilliance.It's not easy for most people to actively seek conflict.Many spend their lives trying to avoidarguments.There's no need to go out and find people you hate, but you need to do some self-assessment to determine where you have become stale in your thinking.You may need to start by encouraging your current network to help you identify your blind spots.Passionate, energetic debate does not require anger and hard feelings to be effective.But it do esrequire moral strength. Once you have worthy opponents, set some ground rules so everyone understands responsibilities and boundaries.The objective of this debating game is not to win but to get to the truth that will allow you to move faster, farther, and better.Fierce debating can hurt feelings, particularly when strong personalities are involved. Make sure you check in with your opponents so that they are not carryingthe emotion of the battles beyond thebattlefield.Break the tension with smiles and humor to reinforce the idea that this is friendly discourse and that all are working toward a common goal.Reward all those involved in the debate sufficiently when the goals are reached.Let your sparring partners (拳击陪练) know how much you appreciate their contribution. The more they feel appreciated, the more they'll be willing to get into the ring next time.61.What happens when you have like-minded people around you all the while?A.It will help your company expand more rapidly.B.It will create a harmonious working atmosphere.C.It may prevent your business and career from advancing.D.It may make you feel uncertain about your own decisions.62.What does the author suggest leaders do?A.Avoid arguments with business partners.B.Encourage people to disagree and argue.C.Build a wide and strong business network.D.Seek advice from their worthy competitors.63.What is the purpose of holding a debate?A.To find out the truth about an issue.B.To build up people's moral strength.C.To remove misunderstandings.D.To look for worthy opponents.64.What advice does the author give to people engaged in a fierce debate?A.They listen carefully to their opponents' views.B.They show due respect for each other's beliefs.C.They present their views clearly and explicitly.D.They take care not to hurt each other's feelings.65.How should we treat our rivals after a successful debate?A.Try to make peace with them.B.Try to make up the differences.C.Invite them to the ring next time.D.Acknowledge their contribution.Part Ⅳ Translation( 30 minutes )Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.今年在长沙举行了一年一度旳外国人汉语演讲比赛.这项比赛证明是增进中国和世界其他地区文化交流旳好措施.它为世界各地旳年轻人提供了更好地理解中国旳机会.来自87个国家合计126位选手汇集在湖南省省会参与了从7月6日到8月5日进行旳半决赛和决赛.比赛并不是唯一旳活动.选手们尚有机会参观了中国其他地区旳著名景点和历史名胜.12月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解(第3套)Part Ⅰ Writing这是一篇四级考试中常见旳议论文.话题围绕“Never go out there to see what happens，go out there to make things happen.”这句话展开，规定考生进行评论，同步在题目规定中也明确给出了作文主题the importance of being participants rather than mere onlookers in life.考生应当明确这一主题，并围绕其展开论述.一、点明主题：不做看客，要做实践者(being participants instead of onlookers in life)二、分析原因三、提出问题和提议主题词汇put…into practice将……付诸实践carry out执行；实现gain获得accumulate积累gradually逐渐地make a progress获得进步theory理论action行动would rather…t han比起……更情愿……stand by袖手旁观句式拓展1.For some people, watching what happens to others is good enough to learn a lesson, while for others, only practicing by themselves can finally make them get the real skills in对某些人而言，看发生在他人身上旳事情足以让他们吸取教训，而对于其他人而言，他们只有亲身实践才能最终得到生活中旳真正技能.2.No matter how many authentic theories you've got before,nothing will happen until you put them into practice.无论你曾经接受了多少权威旳理论，若不付诸实践，一切都无济于事.Part ⅡListening ComprehensionM: I don't know what to do with Timmy.This morning I found orange juice spilled all over the kitchen floor.W: Don't be so hard on him.He's only four.Q: What does the woman mean?C.四个选项中出现了children，careful，juice和Timmy等词，故推测本题考察旳内容与孩子旳行为有关.对话中，男士埋怨说他都不懂得该拿蒂米怎么办了，今天早上，他发现桔子汁在厨房洒了一地，而女士则说，别对蒂米太严厉了，他才四岁.由此可见，女士认为男士不用小题大做，故答案为C..2.W: Excuse me, sir.I would like to know about the fitness training program in your club.M: I'll have you speak with the director in charge of new accounts.Q: What is the woman interested in?A.四个选项均为名词短语，且出现了fitness，job，computer和club等词，故推测本题考察旳内容与健身或者工作有关.对话中，女士向男士问询俱乐部健身锻炼旳事情，男士则说他会带着女士去找专门负责新会员旳经理.由此可知，女士是对俱乐部健身锻炼感爱好，故答案为A..3.W: It's really cold in this apartment.Can we turn up the heat a little bit? M: Sorry.I've run out of money and can hardly pay the fuel bill.Maybe you'd better put on a sweater.Q: what does the man mean?B.四个选项中出现了sweater，save，fuel bills和heating等词，故推测本题考察旳内容与寒冷天气以及取暖有关.对话中，女士说她觉得很冷，问能不能把暖气开大一点，而男士则表达抱歉，说自己没钱了，都快付不起燃料费账单了，提议女士穿上毛衣.由此可知，男士想要节省燃料费，故答案为B.4.M: I'm sorry, Miss.But you have to come with me to the security office.The video cameras in our shophave recorded everything you did.W: No, no.I...I didn't do anything.I'll call the police if you dare insult me.Q: What does the man think the woman was doing?A.四个选项均为动名词短语，且出现了theft，pictures，shopping和camera 等词，故推测本题考察旳内容与商店里发生旳事情有关.对话中，男士要将女士带到保安室去，并说商店里旳摄像头已经把女士所做旳事都录下来了，而女士则表达自己什么都没有做，假如男士敢欺侮她旳话，她就报警.由此可知，男士认为女士偷了商店里旳东西，故答案为A.5.M: I think you ought to see a doctor right away about that cough.W: Well, I'll wait a few more days.I'm sure I'll get over it soon.Q: What do we learn about the woman?B.选项均以she开头，且出现了medicine，doctor和cough等词，故推测本题考察旳内容与女士旳健康状况有关.男士说女士应当立即去看医生，而女士则说再等几天，她相信自己旳咳嗽很快就会好旳.由此可知，直到本对话发生时，女士都还没有去看医生，故答案为B..6.M: I've heard that Pamela made quite a few mistakes in her lab report.W: Well, she wouldn't have if she hadn't been in such a hunt to get it done. Q: What does the woman imply?D.四个选项均提到了Pamela，且出现了report，hurry，writing和mistakes 等词，故推测本题考察旳内容与帕米拉旳汇报有关.对话中，男士说他听说帕米拉旳试验汇报出了诸多错，而女士则说，假如她不是那么急着做完旳话，就不会出这样多旳错.由此可知，帕米拉试验汇报中旳错误本来是可以防止旳，故答案为D..7.M: We'd better check out before 12 o'clock, Marry.And now there are only 30 minutes left.W: Let's hurry up.You go pay the bill and I'll call the reception to have our luggage taken downstairs.Q : Where did this conversation most probably take place?C.四个选项均是表达地点旳介词短语，故推测本题考察旳内容与对话发生旳地点有关.对话中，男士说他们最佳能在中午l2点之前退房，目前只剩半小时了，女士提议加迅速度，并让男士去付账，她自己给前台打电话，叫人把行李送到楼下.由此可知，对话发生旳时候，两人还没有开始办理退房手续，还在宾馆旳房间里，故答案为C..8.W: Have you ever heard this speaker before?M: Yeah.She's excellent.She gets her point across and it's entertaining at the same time.Q: what does the man say about the speaker?D.四个选项均以she开头，且出现了college，works，speech和message等词，可以推测本题考察旳内容与女士旳状况有关.对话中，女士问男士此前与否听过这个演讲者旳讲座，男士说他听过，并认为这位演讲旳女士很棒，她不仅将自己旳观点体现得很清晰，并且讲得很有趣.由此可知，这位女演讲者擅长传达自己想要传达旳信息，故答案为D..Conversation One。
2021年英语四级12月第3套听力
2021年英语四级12月第3套听力第一部分：听力理解(共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分) 第一节：对话理解(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)1. Where are the speakers?A. At a restaurant.B. At a coffee shop.C. At a park.D. At a library.2.What does the woman mean by saying “I’m starving”?A. She is very hungry.B. She is very tired.C. She is very cold.D. She is very thirsty.3. What does the man suggest they order?A. A burger and fries.B. A salad and grilled chicken.C. A pizza and pasta.D. A steak and potatoes.4. What does the woman say about the salad?A. It is too expensive.B. It is too small.C. It is too spicy.D. It is too bland.5. What does the man say about the grilled chicken?A. It is too dry.B. It is too salty.C. It is too tough.D. It is too tasteless.6. What do the speakers decide to order?A. A burger and fries.B. A salad and grilled chicken.C. A pizza and pasta.D. A steak and potatoes.7. Where are the speakers going after lunch?A. To the movies.B. To the park.C. To the library.D. To the museum.8. What time does the movie start?A. 2:00 PM.B. 3:00 PM.C. 4:00 PM.D. 5:00 PM.9. How long is the movie?A. 90 minutes.B. 120 minutes.C. 150 minutes.D. 180 minutes.10. What do the speakers plan to do after the movie?A. Go to dinner.B. Go shopping.C. Go for a walk.D. Go home.第二节：长对话理解(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分) 1. What is the main topic of the conversation?A. The dangers of texting while driving.B. The benefits of using a hands-free device while driving.C. The importance of paying attention to the road while driving.D. The need for stricter laws against distracted driving.2. What does the woman say about texting while driving?A. It is a dangerous and irresponsible behavior.B. It is a minor distraction that does not pose a serious risk.C. It is a necessary evil in today’s fast-paced world.D. It is a personal choice that should not be regulated by law.3. What does the man say about using a hands-free device while driving?A. It is a safe and convenient way to stay connected while driving.B. It is still a distraction that can take your attention away from the road.C. It is only safe if you use it sparingly and responsibly.D. It is no safer than texting while driving.4. What does the woman say about the importance of paying attention to the road while driving?A. It is the most important thing you can do to stay safe on the road.B. It is important, but it is also important to stay connected with others.C. It is important, but it is not always possible in today’s busy world.D. It is not as important as being able to multitask while driving.5. What does the man say about the need for stricter laws against distracted driving?A. He believes that stricter laws are necessary to deter people from texting and driving.B. He believes that stricter laws will not be effective in reducing distracted driving.C. He believes that stricter laws will only punish innocent drivers who are not texting and driving.D. He believes that stricter laws will infringe on people’s freedom to use their phones while driving.6. What is the woman’s opinion on the effectiveness of stricter laws against distracted driving?A. She believes that stricter laws will be effective in reducing distracted driving.B. She believes that stricter laws will not be effective in reducing distracted driving.C. She is not sure whether stricter laws will be effective in reducing distracted driving.D. She does not have an opinion on the effectiveness of stricter laws against distracted driving.7.What is the man’s opinion on the effectiveness of stricter laws against distracted driving?A. He believes that stricter laws will be effective in reducing distracted driving.B. He believes that stricter laws will not be effective in reducing distracted driving.C. He is not sure whether stricter laws will be effective in reducing distracted driving.D. He does not have an opinion on the effectiveness of stricter laws against distracted driving.8. What do the speakers agree on?A. That texting while driving is a dangerous and irresponsible behavior.B. That using a hands-free device while driving is a safe and convenient way to stay connected.C. That the importance of paying attention to the road while driving.D. That stricter laws against distracted driving are necessary to deter people from texting and driving.9. What do the speakers disagree on?A. The effectiveness of stricter laws against distracted driving.B. The importance of using a hands-free device while driving.C. The level of attention that drivers should pay to the road.D. The need for stricter laws against distracted driving.10. What is the most likely outcome of the conversation?A. The speakers will agree to disagree on the effectiveness of stricter laws against distracted driving.B. The speakers will decide to work together to advocate for stricter laws against distracted driving.C. The speakers will decide to change their driving habits to be more attentive to the road.D. The speakers will decide to use their phones less while driving.。
2020年12月大学英语四级考试真题 (第3套) - 配模拟听力原文
《四级分题型强化训练》听力原文Test 1Section ANews Report OneA huge series of wrecks involving more than 130 vehicles on Interstate 40in North Carolina are being blamed on speeding, following too closely and driver in attention in heavy rain and fog, authorities say.[1] No one was killed but 25 people were hurt in the pileups that began late Sunday afternoon on the route between Durham and Greensboro, said a statement released Monday by the Department of Public Safety.Motorists travelling east through central North Carolina's Alamance County failed to slow quickly enough, leading initially to four crashes involving about two dozen vehicles, department spokesman Michael Baker said in the statement.[2] A screws worked to clear those accidents, motorists in the westbound lanes slowed to look at the scene and were involved in a series of additional wrecks. All told, 134 vehicles were eventually involved.Troopers and ambulances from surrounding counties helped police assist the motorists.1.What were the casualties according to the news report?2.What caused a series of additional wrecks?News Report TwoMany Americans believe Britons have bad teeth.[3] But a new study shows Americans actually have more dental problems. The study was published in the British Medical Journal. Researchers from University College Londo, the National University of Colombia and the Harvard School of Public Health found that among people 2 and older, Americans are missing more teeth.The researchers also found that poor people in the United States had worse teeth than poor people in Britain. [4] People in Britain receive dental care through the National Health Service, which is funded by taxpayers. In the United States, people either pay for their dental care or buy dental insurance. Many poor people in the United States do not have dental insurance and cannot afford dental care.In 2004, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development found that Britain had the lowest number of people with decayed, missing or filled teeth from among all of its 34 member states. The United States was in the middle of the rankings.3. What does the new study show?4. What accounts for the present teeth conditions of Americans and Britons?News Report ThreeIt took 100 years, but finally, scientists proved Albert Einstein's theory thatgravitational waves exist.The waves were predicted as part of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity nearly 100 years ago. It was the theory of the physics behind the workings of our world and the universe.[5] Now a group of scientists, including ones from Cal Tech, MIT and the LIGO Scientific Collaboration finally found the gravitational waves.It might be hard to understand, but those gravitational waves expand and contract space and time as they move through space. And when they get to the Earth, the waves pass through, and contract and expand the planet as the wave goes by.It was Einstein who said these gravitational waves should be observable.[6] But these are not huge waves. They are very, very small, which is why it took so long to find them. You cannot see them with your eyes. They are smaller than the size of an atom.For years, scientists have been watching two blackholes in another galaxy far away. The two were spinning around each other, moving closer and closer together. [7] When they finally crashed into each other, it was with such power and force, that gravitational waves rang throughout the universe, like a giant bell.5. What scientific discovery was the speaker talking about?6. Why did it take so long for scientists to find the waves?7. Under what circumstances would gravitational waves occur?Section BConversation OneM：Good morning, Mrs. Thomson.W：Oh, Mr. Minisuker. Please come in, and sit down. I want to talk to you about something that's come up.M：What's up? Anyway, I'll be glad to help you with anything I can.W：[8] Some advice, Mr. Minisuker. I've been offered a new job.M：A new job?W：As a matter of fact, it isn't the bank in New York.M：Is the offer from another bank?W：[9] It's from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development in Washington.M：[9] You mean the World Bank?W：[9] That's right. And it's really very unexpected, I must say.M：You've established a reputation in international banking circles. May I ask what kind of position they've offered you?W：A rather important one, as a matter of fact, deputy director of the International Finance Corporation.M：[10] Isn't that the part of the bank that makes loans to private companies in the developing countries?W：Yes, it is. It's a job that certainly offers a chance for public service.M：[11] It seems to me that it's a real honor for you.W：Yes, it is. But I've been with this bank for so many years. Ever since I graduated from college in fact.M：[11] But it's an honor for the bank, too, for the training and experience it's given you.W：Yes, I suppose I could think of it that way.M：Then you've decided to accept the offer?W：Probably, Yes. Almost certainly. I'd like to think I can do some work that will contribute to international cooperation and understanding8. What does the woman want to discuss with the man?9. Who offered the woman the new job?10. What will be the woman's main responsibility as a deputy director?11. What does the man think of the job offer?Conversation TwoW：Good morning. [12] I'm calling about the job that was in the paper last night. M：Well, could you tell me your name?W：Candida Faucett.M：Oh, yes. What exactly is it that interests you about the job?W：Well, I thought it was just right for me.M：Really? Um...Could you tell me a little about yourself?W：Yes. I'm 23. I've been working abroad.M：Where exactly have you been working?W：In Geneva.M：Oh, Geneva. And what were you doing there?W：[13] Secretarial work. Previous to that, I was at university.M：Which university was that?W：The University of Manchester. I've got a degree in English.M：You said you've been working in Geneva. Do you have any special reason for wanting to come back?W：[14] I thought it would be nice to be nearer to the family.M：I see, and how do you see yourself developing in this job?W：Well, I'm ambitious. I do hope that my career as a secretary will lead me eventually into management.M：I see. You have foreign languages?W：French and Italian.M：Well, I think the best thing for you to do is to reply in writing to the advertisement. W：Can't I arrange for an interview now?M：Well, I'm afraid we must wait until all the applications are in, in writing, and then decide on the shortlist.M：[15] I'll look forward to receiving your application in writing in a day or two. If you are on the shortlist, of course we should see you.W：Oh, I see.W：Oh, yes, yes, certainly.M：OK, thank you very much. Goodbye.W：Thank you. Goodbye.12. How did the woman get to know about the job vacancy?13. Why did the woman find the job appealing?14. What had the woman been doing in Geneva?15. What was the woman asked to do in the end?Section CPassage OneTo help ourselves and others, it's important to know something about drugs. A drug is a chemical substance. It can bring about a physical, emotional or mental change in people. Alcohol and tobacco are drugs. Caffeine, a substance found in coffee and some soft drinks, is also a drug.[16] Drug abuse is the use of a drug legal or illegal that hurts a person or someone close to him. A drug user is the person who takes the drug. There are many kinds of drug users. Experimental users may try drugs once or twice. They want to see what the effects will be. [17] Recreational users take drugs to get high. They use drugs with friends or at parties to get into the mood of things. Regular users take drugs all the time. But they are often able to keep up with the normal routine of work. [18] Dependent users can't relate to anything but drugs. Their whole life centers around drugs. They feel extreme mental or physical pain without drugs.It's not always easy to tell if someone is using drugs. In the early stages, drug use is often hard to see. Sometimes people like drugs or need drugs so much that they can't do without them. They are dependent upon drugs. Only a few kinds of drugs can cause physical dependence. But almost any drug, when it's misused, can make a person think he needs it all the time. By this time it's too late and the person is “hooked”.16. What does the speaker say about drug abuse?17. What does the speaker say about recreational drug users?18. What does the speaker say about drug dependence?Passage TwoAccording to Charles Harper, Chairman of ConAgra, the Healthy Choice line of frozen dinners began with his own heart attack. It've been brought on by years of eating anything he could get his hands on. [19] As he lay in the hospital recovering, Harper imagined the line of healthy frozen foods—the tasty good. [20] The Healthy Choice product line was carefully tested with consumers before being introduced to the general public. ConAgra's research and development staff spent a year working under the instruction, whatever the cost, don't sacrifice taste. The first test market results surprised even the ConAgra team. The low sodium, low fat frozen dinners sold much better than expected. [21] According to the firm's vice-president of marketing and sales, “We benefited from low expectations. The products were much better thanpeople thought they would be.” This finding supported ConAgra's decision to position the product against other high-quality frozen dinners rather than as a diet or health food. The new product brand's name and packaging were an important part of the development process. [22] The name “Healthy Choice”was chosen for the positive implication it held for consumers. Because ConAgra felt the product would be an impulse purchase, it was important to make the item standout in the freezer case. This was accomplished through the dark green packaging that not only differed from the competitors but also suggested freshness and richness in vitamins.19. What did Charles Harper think of while he was in hospital?20. What does the passage say about the “Healthy Choice” product line before it went to market?21. What is said to contribute to ConAgra's business success?22. What does the speaker say about the name “Healthy Choice”?Passage Three[23] In the United States, 36 states currently allow capital punishment for serious crimes such as murder. Americans have always argued about the death penalty.[24] Today, there is a serious question about this issue：Should there be a minimum age limit for executing criminals? In other words, is it right for convicted murderers who kill when they are minors, that is under the age of 18, to receive the death penalty?In most other countries of the world, there is no capital punishment for minors. In the United States, though, each state makes its own decision. Of the 36 states that allow the death penalty, 30 permit the execution of minors.In the state of South Carolina, a convicted murderer was given the death penalty for a crime he committed while he was a minor. In 1977, when he was 17 years old, James Terry Roach and two friends cruelly murdered three people. Roach's lawyer fought the decision to execute him. The young murderer remained on death row for ten years while his lawyer appealed to the governor. The lawyer argued that it is wrong to execute a person for a crime he committed while he was a minor. In the United States, the governor of a state has the power to change a sentence from the death penalty to life in prison. Nonetheless, the governor of South Carolina refused to stop the execution. [25] Roach was finally executed in 1986.23. What does the speaker say about the death penalty in the United States?24. What is the focus of the debate around the death penalty?25. What does the speaker say about James Terry Roach?。
2020年12月大学英语四级真题及答案(第三套)
2020年12月大学英语四级真题及答案（第三套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Communication. You should write at least 120 words but not more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension 听力共两套，已放在第一二套，此套不再重复。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in thebank is identified by a letter: Please mark the corresponding letter for each item onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passageThe things people make, and the way they make them, determine how cities grow and decline, and influence how empires rise and fall. So, any disruption to the world's factories 26 . And that disruption is surely coming. Factories are being digitised, filled with new sensors and new computers to make them quicker, more 27 and more efficient.Robots are breaking free from the cages that surround them, learning new skills and new ways of working. And 3D printers have long 28 a world where you can make anything; anywhere, from a computerised design. That vision is 29 closer to reality. These forces will lead to cleaner factories, producing better goods at lower prices, personalised to our individual needs and desires. Humans will be 30 many of the dirty, repetitive, and dangerous jobs that have long been a 31 of factory life.Greater efficiency 32 means fewer people can do the same work. Yet factory bosses in many developed countries are worried about a lack of skilled human workers-and see 33 and robots as a solution. But economist Helena Leurent says this period of rapid change in manufacturing is a 34 opportunity to make the world a better place. "Manufacturing is the one system where you have got the biggest source of innovation, the biggest source of economic growth, and the biggest source of great jobs in the past. You can see it changing. That's an opportunity to 35 that system differently, and if we can, it will have tremendous significance. "A. automationB. concernsC. enormouslyD. fantasticE. fascinatedF. featureG. flexibleH. inevitablyI. interactionJ. leaningK. matters L. moving M. promised N. shape O. spared Section BDirections：In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraphmore than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter：Answer the questions bymarking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The History of the Lunch BoxA) It was made of shiny, bright pink plastic with a Little Mermaid sticker on the front, and Icarried it with me nearly every single day. My lunch box was one of my first prized possessions, a proud statement to everyone in my kindergarten; "I love Mermaid-Ariel on my lunch box"B) That bulky container served me well through my first and second grades, until the live-actionversion of 101 Dalmatians hit theaters, and I needed the newest red plastic box with characters like Pongo and Perdita on the front. I know I'm not alone here-I bet you loved your first lunch box, too.C) Lunch boxes have been connecting kids to cartoons and TV shows and super-heroes fordecades. But it wasn't always that way. Once upon a time, they weren't even boxes. As schools have changed in the past century, the midday meal container has evolved right along with them.D) Let's start back at the beginning of the 20th century-the beginning of the lunch box story,really. While there were neighborhood schools in cities and suburbs, one-room schoolhouses were common in rural areas. As grandparents have been saying for generations, kids would travel miles to school in the countryside (often on foot.)E) "You had kids in rural areas who couldn't go home from school for lunch, so bringing yourlunch wrapped in a cloth, in oiled paper, in a little wooden box or something like that was a very long-standing rural tradition," says Paula Johnson, head of food history section at the Smithsonian National Museum of American History in Washington, D. C.F) City kids, on the other hand, went home for lunch and came back. Since they rarely carried ameal, the few metal lunch buckets on the market were mainly for tradesmen and factory workers.G) After World War I, a bunch of changes reshaped schools-and lunches. More women joined theworkforce. Small schools consolidated into larger ones, meaning more students were farther away from home.' And the National School Lunch Act in 1946 made cafeterias much more common. Still, there wasn't much of a market for lunch containers-yet. Students who carried their lunch often did so in a re-purposed bucket or tin of some kind.H) And then everything changed in the year of 1950. You might as well call it the Year of theLunch Box, thanks in large part to a genius move by a Nashville-based manufacturer, Aladdin Industries. The company already made square metal meal containers, the kind workers carried, and some had started to show up in the hands of school kids.I) But these containers were really durable, lasting years on end. That was great for theconsumer, not so much for the manufacturer. So executives at Aladdin hit on an idea that would harness the newfound popularity of television. They covered lunch boxes with striking red paint and added a picture of TV and radio cowboy Hopalong Cassidy on the front.J) The company sold 600,000 units the first year. It was a major "Ah-ha!" moment, and a wave of other manufacturers jumped on board to capitalize on new TV shows and movies."ThePartridge Family, the Addams Family, the Six Million Dollar Man, the Bionic Woman-everything that was on television ended up on a lunch box,"says Allen Woodall. He's the founder of the Lunch Box Museum in Columbus, Georgia."It was a great marketing tool because kids were taking that TV show to school with them, and then when they got home they had them captured back on TV," he says.K) And yes, you read that right: There is a hunch box museum, right near the Chattahoochee River, Woodall has more than 2,000 items on display. His favorite? The Green Hornet lunch box, because he used to listen to the radio show back in the 1940s.L）The new trend was also a great example of planned obsolescence, that is, to design a product so that it will soon become unfashionable or impossible to use and will need replacing. Kids would beg for a new lunch box every year to keep up with the newest characters, even if their old lunch box was perfectly usable.M) The metal lunch box craze lasted until the mid-1980s，when plastic took over. Two theories exist as to why. The first-and most likely-is that plastic had simply become cheaper. The second theory possibly an urban myth-is that concerned parents in several states proposed bans on metal lunch boxes, claiming kids were using them as "weapons" to hit one another.There's a lot on the internet about a state-wide ban in Florida, but a few days worth of digging by a historian at the Florida State Historical Society found no such legislation. Either way, the metal lunch box was out.N) The last few decades have brought a new lunch box revolution, of sorts. Plastic boxes changed to lined cloth sacks, and eventually, globalism brought tiffin containers from India and bento boxes from Japan. Even the old metal lunch boxes have regained popularity."I don't think the heyday（盛时期）has passed," says D.J.Jayasekara, owner and founder of , a retailer in Pasadena, California. "I think it has evolved. The days of the ready-made, 'you stick it in a lunch box and carry it to school' are kind of done. "O) The introduction of backpacks changed the hunch box scene a bit, he adds. Once kids started carrying book bags, that bulky traditional hunch box was hard to fit inside. "But you can't just throw a sandwich in a backpack," Jayasekara says. "It still has to go into a container."That is, in part, why smaller and softer containers have taken off-they fit into backpacks.P) And don't worry-whether it's a plastic bento box or a cloth bag, lunch containers can still easily be covered with popular culture. "We keep pace with the movie industries so we can predict which characters are going to be popular for the coming months," Jayasekara says."You know, kids are kids."36. Lunch containers were not necessary for school kids in cities.37. Putting TV characters on lunch boxes proved an effective marketing strategy.38. Smaller hunch boxes are preferred because they fit easily into backpacks.39. Lunch boxes have evolved along with the transformation of schools.40. Around the beginning of the nineteen fifties, some school kids started to use metal mealcontainers.41. School kids are eager to get a new lunch box every year to stay in fashion.42. Rural kids used to walk a long way to school in the old days.43. The author was proud of using a hunch box in her childhood.44. The most probable reason for the popularity of plastic hunch boxes is that they are lessexpensive.45. The durability of metal meal containers benefited consumers.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.A growing number of U. S. bike riders are attracted to electric bikes for convenience, health benefits and their fun factor. Although ebikes first appeared in the 90s, cheaper options and longer-lasting batteries are breathing new life into the concept.Established bike companies and startups are embracing ebikes to meet demand. About 34 million ebikes were sold worldwide last year, according to data from eCycleElectric Consultants. Most were sold in Europe and China, where the bikes already have exploded in popularity. Recently, the U. S. market has grown to 263,000 bikes, a 25% gain from the prior year.The industry is benefiting from improved batteries as suppliers over the years developed technology for laptops, smartphones and electric cars. In 2004, the price of batteries used on ebikes fell, spurring European sales.But lower cost options are emerging, too. This month, three U. S. bikeshare companies, Motivate, LimeBike and Spin, announced electric bicycles will be added to their fleets. New York-based Jump Bikes is already operating an electric bikeshare in Washington, D. C., and is launching in San Francisco Thursday. Rides cost $ 2 for 30 minutes.The system works like existing dockless bikeshare systems, where riders unlock bikes through a smartphone app. "This is the beginning of a long-term shift away from regular pedal (踏板) to electric bikes," said Jump Bikes CEO Ryan Rzepecki. "When people first jump on an ebike, their face lights up. It's exciting and joyful in a way that you don't get from a regular bike."Two years ago, CEO Chris Cocalis of Pivot Cycles, which sells high-end mountain bikes, found that U. S. bike shops weren't interested in stocking ebikes. Some retailers warned Cocalis that they'd drop the brand if it came out with an electric bike.Now that sales are taking off, the vast majority of bike dealers are asking Cocalis when he' Il make an ebike available. "There's tremendous opportunity to get a generation of people for whom suffering isn't their thing," Cocalis said. "Ebike riders get the enjoyable part of cycling without the massive suffering of climbing huge hills."46. What do we learn from the passage about ebikes?A. Their health benefits and fun values outweigh their cost.B. They did not catch public attention in the United States until the 1990s.C. They did not become popular until the emergence of improved batteries.D. Their widespread use is attributable to people's environmental awareness.47. What brought about the boost in ebike sales in Europe at the beginning of the century?A. Updated technology of bike manufacture.B. The falling prices of ebike batteries.C. Changed fashion in short-distance travel.D. The rising costs for making electric cars.48. What is the prospect of the bike industry according to Ryan Rzepecki?A. More will be invested in bike battery research.B. The sales of ebikes will increase.C. It will profit from ebike sharing.D. It will make a difference in people's daily lives.49. What prevented Chris Cocalis from developing ebikes sooner?A. Retailers' refusal to deal in ebikes.B. High profits from conventional bikes.C. Users' concern about risks of ebike riding.D. His focus on selling costly mountain bikes.50. What makes Chris Cocalis believe there is a greater opportunity for ebike sales?A. The further lowering of ebike prices.B. The public's concern for their health.C. The increasing interest in mountain climbing.D. The younger generation's pursuit of comfortable riding.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The terms "global warming" and "climate change" are used by many, seemingly interchangeably. But do they really mean the same thing?Scientists shaped the history of the terms while attempting to accurately describe how humans continue to alter the planet. Later, political strategists adopted the terms to influence public opinion.In 1975, geochemist Wallace Broecker introduced the term "climate change" in an article published by Science. In 1979，a National Academy of Sciences report used the term "global warming" to define increases in the Earth's average surface temperature, while "climate change" more broadly referred to the numerous effects of this increase，such as sea-level rise and ocean acidification（酸化）.During the following decades，some industrialists and politicians launched a campaign to sow doubt in the minds of the American public about the ability of fossil-fuel use, deforestation and other human activities to influence the planet's climate.Word use played a critical role in developing that doubt. For example，the language and polls expert Frank Luntz's wrote a memo encouraging the use of "climate change" because the phrase sounded less scary than "global warming," reported the Guardian.However, Luntz's recommendation wasn't necessary. A Google Ngram Viewer chart showsthat by 1993 climate change was already more commonly used in books than global warming. By the end of the next decade both words were used more frequently，and climate change was used nearly twice as often as global warming.NASA used the term "climate change" because it more accurately reflects the wide range of changes to the planet caused by increasing amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.The debate isn't new. A century ago，chemist Svante Arrhenius started one of the first debates over the potential for humans to influence the planet's climate. Arrhenius calculated the capability of carbon dioxide to trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, but other chemists disagreed. Some argued that humans weren't producing enough greenhouse gases, while others claimed the effects would be tiny. Now, of course, we know that whatever you call it, human behavior is warming the planet, with grave consequences ahead.51. Why did politicians use the two terms "global warming" and "climate change"?A. To sway public opinion of the impact of human activities on Earth.B. To more accurately describe the consequences of human activities.C. To win more popular votes in their campaign activities.D. To assure the public of the safety of existing industries.52. As used in a National Academy of Sciences report, the term "climate change" differs from "global warming" in that .A. it sounds less vague.B. it looks more scientific.C. it covers more phenomena.D. it is much closer to reality.53. What did industrialists of the late 20th century resort to in order to mislead Americans?A. Made-up survey results.B. Hired climate experts.C. False research findings.D. Deliberate choice of words.54. Why did NASA choose the term "climate change"?A. To obtain more funds.B. For greater precision.C. For political needs.D. To avoid debate.55. What is the author's final conclusion?A. Global warming is the more accurate term.B. Accuracy of terminology matters in science.C. Human activities have serious effects on Earth.D. Politics interferes with serious scientific debate.Part IV Translation（30 minutes）Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.鱼是春节前夕餐桌上不可或缺的一道菜，因为汉语中“鱼”字的发音与“余”字的发音相同。
2021年12月英语四级听力真题 第3篇_2
2021年12月英语四级听力真题第3篇Passage 3Obtaining good health insurance is a real necessity while you are studying overseas.It protects you from minor and major medical expenses that can wipe out not only your savings but your dreams of an education abroad.There are often two different types of health insurance you can consider buying,international travel insurance and student insurance in the country where you will be going.An international travel insurance policy is usually purchased in your home country before you go abroad.It generally covers a wide variety of medical services and you are often given a list of doctors in the area where you will travel who may even speak your native language.The drawback might be that you may not get your money back immediately,in other words,you may have to pay all you medical expenses and then later submit your receipt to the insurance company.On the other hand,getting student heath insurance in the country where you will study might allow you to only pay a certain percentage of the medical cost at the time of the service and thus you don't have to have sufficient cash to pay the entire bill at once.Whatever you decide,obtaining some form of health insurance is something you should consider before you go overseas.You shouldn't wait until you are sick with a major medical bills to pay off.Questions 33-35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33.Why does the speaker advice the overseas students to buy health insurance?34.What is the drawback of the students buying international travel insurance?35.What does the speaker say about students getting health insurance in the country where they will study?。
12月英语四级听力短文3答案
XX年12月英语四级听力短文3答案On March 13th, while on duty Charles Mclocklin, a very careless driver employed by the pany Lummis was involved in another aident. The aident ourred in Riverside California. Not paying attention to his driving, Mclocklin turned right on main street and 33rd street and hit Volkswagen rabbit. This caused minor damage to his truck and serious damage to the car. On the basis of the police report, the Lummis aident mittee correctly determined that Mclocklin had been quite careless. As a result of the mittee’s conclusion, the branch manager Mr. David Rossi reported that he had talked with Mclocklin about his extremely poor driving record. Further evidence of Mclocklin’s irresponsibility ourred on May 6th when he was returning from his shift. That day he ran into a roll-up door at the Lummis facility in Valero, causing significant damage to the door. Damage to the truck, however, was minor. Finally, on June 7th, Mclocklin once again demonstrated his carelessness by knocking down several mail boxes near the edge of the pany’s parking lot. There was damage to the mailboxes and minor damage to the truck. Mr. David Rossi stated that he had spoken with Mclocklin on several oasions about his driving record. He added that he had warned Mclocklin that three preventable aidents in one year could lead to his discharge, as indeed it should.23. What did the Lummis aident mittee find out about the aident that ourred on March 13th?24. What did Mclocklin do on June 7th near the edge of the pany’s parking lot?25. What is most probably going to happen to Mclocklin?。
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2013年12月英语四级听力第3套Part III Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A1.A) Plan his budget carefully.B) Give her more information.C) Ask someone else for advice.D) Buy a ift for his girlfriend.2.A) She'll have some chocolate cake.B) She'll take a look at the menu.C) She'll go without dessert.D) She'll prepare the dinner.3.A) The man can speak a foreign language.B) The woman hopes to improve her English.C) The woman knows many different languages.D) The man wishes to visit many more countries.4.A) Go to the library.B) Meet the woman.C) See Prof. Smith.D) Have a drink in the bar.5.A) She isn't sure when Prof. Bloom will be back.B) The man shouldn't be late for his class.C) The man can come back sometime later.D) She can pass on the message for the man.6.A) He has a strange personality.B) He's got emotional problems.C) His illness is beyond cure.D) His behavior is hard to explain.7.A) The tickets are more expensive than expected.B) The tickets are sold in advance at half price.C) It's difficult to buy the tickets on the spot.D) It's better to buy the tickets beforehand.8.A) He turned suddenly and ran into a tree.B) He was hit by a fallen box from a truck.C) He drove too fast and crashed into a truck.D) He was trying to overtake the truck ahead of him.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A) To go boating on the St. Lawrence River.B) To go sightseeing in Quebec Province.C) To call on a friend in Quebec City.D) To attend a wedding in Montreal.10.A) Study the map of Quebec Province.B) Find more about Quebec City.C) Brush up on her French.D) Learn more about the local customs.11.A) It's most beautiful in summer.B) It has many historical buildings.C) It was greatly expanded in the 18th century.D) It's the only French-speaking city in Canada.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) It was about a little animal.B) It took her six years to write.C) It was adapted from a fairy tale.D) It was about a little girl and her pet.13.A) She knows how to write best-selling novels.B) She can earn a lot of money by writing for adults.C) She is able to win enough support from publishers.D) She can make a living by doing what she likes.14.A) The characters.B) The readers.C) Her ideas.D) Her life experiences.15.A) She doesn't really know where they originated.B) She mainly drew on stories of ancient saints.C) They popped out of her childhood dreams.D) They grew out of her long hours of thinking.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.16.A) Monitor students' sleep patterns.B) Help students concentrate in class.C) Record students' weekly performance.D) Ask students to complete a sleep report.17.A) Declining health.B) Lack of attention.C) Loss of motivation.D) Improper behavior.18.A) They should make sure their children are always punctual for school.B) They should ensure their children grow up in a healthy environment.C) They should help their children accomplish high-quality work.D) They should see to it that their children have adequate (足够的)sleep. Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) She stopped being a homemaker.B) She became a famous educator.C) She became a public figure.D) She quit driving altogether.20.A) A motorist's speeding.B) Her running a stop sign.C) Her lack of driving experience.D) A motorist's failure to concentrate.21.A) Nervous and unsure of herself.B) Calm and confident of herself.C) Courageous and forceful.D) Distracted and reluctant.22.A) More strict training of women drivers.B) Restrictions on cell phone use while driving.C) Improved traffic conditions in cities.D) New regulations to ensure children's safety.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23.A) They haven't devoted its much energy to medicine as to space travel.B) There are too many kinds of cold viruses for them to identify.C) It is not economical to find a cure for each type of cold.D) They believe people can recover without treatment.24.A) They reveal the seriousness of the problem.B) They indicate how fast the virus spreads.C) They tell us what kind of medicine to take.D) They show our body is fighting the virus.25.A) It actually does more harm than good.B) It causes damage to some organs of our body.C) It works better when combined with other remedies.D) It helps us to recover much sooner.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。