托福TPO47听力Conversation1文本+题目+答案解析
TPO-47+听力题目文本——讲座部分(lecture)
1.What is the lecture mainly about?A.The influence of Hernani on later French playsB.The way that Hernani challenged traditional guidelines for playsC.The influence of Shakespeare on Victor Hugo’s playsD.The changing attitudes toward Victo r Hugo’s plays in the nineteenth century2.What is the professor’s opinion of the play Hernani?A.It is too political.B.It is not very creative.C.It is not an artistic success.D.It has been unjustly ignored.3.What feature of A Midsummer Night’s Dream is NOT consistent with neoclassicalprinciples?A.It has several main characters.B.It uses sophisticated language.C.It takes place in more than one location.D.It takes place during a single night.4.Why does the professor mention clowns in plays by Shakespeare?A.To point out that Shakespeare rebelled against neoclassicismB.To reinforce the idea that neoclassical plays were sometimes comicalC.To introduce an aspect of Hernani that French critics objected toD.To illustrate a characteristic of the plays that influenced Hugo5.Why did Hugo invite his friends to the opening of Hernani?A.To include people in the audience who understand his goalsB.To introduce them to a new and different kind of playC.To try maintain a pleasant, comfortable atmosphere in the theaterD.To thank them for supporting his efforts as a playwright6.What does the professor imply about the fights that occurred after performances ofHernani?Click on 2 answers.A.They were partly due to a misunderstanding of Hugo’s opinions.B.They affected a general social conflict in France at the time.C.They occurred because of deeply held literary opinions.D.They prevented other writer from writing romantic plays.1.What does the professor mainly discuss?A.Long-distance seasonal migration of seabirdsB.Two major ways that seabirds navigateC. A seabird that flies far in search of foodD.Reasons why seabirds often live on islands2.According to the professor, what influences an albatross’s choice of an island for nesting?A.Air currents near the islandB.Availability of food on the islandC.Predators inhabiting the islandD.The number of albatross already nesting on the island3.According to the professor, what helps albatross chicks survive despite the fact that theirparents have to fly such long distances to find food?Click on 2 answers.A.Albatross raise only one chick at a time.B.Albatross forage only for foods that are exceptionally rich in nutrients.C.Albatross store large quantities of food in the nest.D.Albatross chicks are adapted to tolerate long intervals without food.4.What does the professor imply about theories that explain how albatross navigate?A.They are based on studies of seabirds in captivity.B.They are based on observation of albatross in the wild.C.They are guesses that are not based on any evidence about birds.D.They have not been confirmed by studies of albatross themselves.5.According to the professor, why do some biologists doubt that magnetite helps birdsnavigate?A.Its magnetic properties are quite weak.B.It is found in young birds that cannot fly yet.C.It is found in all albatross species.D.It is in birds that do not migrate.6.Why does the professor say this:A.To emphasize how wasteful the albatross behavior isB.To encourage students to reflect on how impressive the albatross behavior isC.To signal that she is about to introduce a new topicD.To find out whether the students have understood her explanationsLecture3 (Sports Management)1.W hat does the professor mainly discuss?A.Different types of physical training that athletes might requireB.Strategies for getting a job as the head coach of a sports teamC.Aspects of a coach’s job beyond knowledge about sportsD.Reasons why coaches should focus on winning games2.Based on the survey discussed by the professor, what are the two main areas to whichnew coaches should give more attention?Click on 2 answers.A.Increasing their knowledge of game strategiesB.Improving their organizational skillsC.Building and maintaining strong relationshipsD.Stressing the importance of athletes’ academic studies3.Why does the professor mention pregame meals?A.To emphasize the importance of good nutrient for athletesB.To suggest a good time for coaches to talk about game strategyC.To point out that coaches often spend too much time on schedulingD.To give an example of the need for coaches to be more detail oriented4.What is the professor’s opinion about coaches who focus mainly on strategies for winninggames?A.They should study these game strategies outside the university.B.They should concentrate on the sport they are most interested in.C.They are neglecting other skills that may be more important.D.They will probably become the most successful coaches.5.What does the professor imply about coaches who establish a lot of rules for teammembers?A.They have problems enforcing the rules.B.They rely on rules to avoid having to make decisions.C.They usually relax the rules as they become more familiar with their players.D.They are not popular but they are efficient.6.Why does the professor say this: ?A.To insist that the student needs to remember what he has just been toldB.To acknowledge that her suggestion is not very practicalC.To emphasize how impressed she is by the student’s achievementD.To imply that the student is not yet ready to begin coachingLecture4 (Meteorology)1.What is the lecture mainly about?A.Various kinds of windsB.Theories about recent changes in Earth’s climateC.The role of wind in regulating Earth’s climateD.The role of air in limiting the amount of the Sun’s energy that reaches Earth2.According to the lecture, what creates areas of high pressure and low pressure in theatmosphere?A.The rotation of EarthB.Wind moving from areas over water to areas over landC.Differences in temperature at different places on EarthD.Differences in concentrations of water vapor in different parts of the atmosphere3.According to the professor, what are two reasons why all areas of Earth are not heatedequally during daylight hours?Click on 2 answers.A.Some regions of Earth receive more energy from the Sun than others.B.The amount of energy emitted by the Sun varies in intensity over the course of the day.C.The Sun heats stationary air faster than it heats moving air.D.The Sun heats land faster than it heats water.4.What are two benefits of wind mentioned by the professor?Click on 2 answers.A.It transferred water across EarthB.It shifts heat from some areas of Earth to others.C.It helps maintain a constant rate of evaporation of ocean water.D.It reduces the amount of the Sun’s energy that is absorbed by the ocean.5.What does the professor imply about the heat stored in water vapor?A.The heat is rarely transported by the wind.B.The heat was drawn from the ocean during the evaporation process.C.The heat’s intensity depends on the altitude of the vapor.D.The heat loses energy over time as it is stored in the vapor.6.Why does the professor mean when he says this: ?A.He is pleased that the woman made a good observation.B.He is grateful that the woman has reminded him of a point he neglected to discuss.C.He thinks that the woman has correctly summarized what he just said.D.He thinks that the woman has provided a logical transition to his next point.。
托福机经真题回忆
托福机经真题回忆【听力】Conversation1.小孩做志愿者被问树叶为啥落,去找老师了,老师劝他学植物学2.人最早出现在北美还是哪里,但是出现的证据*了3.问自己申请跨学校借书有没有问题,然后扯了最近工作量大,还没批4.教授和学生说他的作业,说他outline做pre不行,喊他去图书馆查数据5.图书馆的管理人员更新了员工的工作内容,还要求工作内容的细节,做了什么事要详细列出来6.动物的camouflage,提过视觉伪装(acoustic camouflage)7.一种橡树疾病Lecture1.讲地球有一层东西可以让下面岩石move,但有一些地方没有这个layer,怀疑这些地方是水来推动2.艺术类【口语】Task 1选舍友,三种性格哪个好:安静、友善、干净Task2我们应该表扬孩子们做的好的行为,还是惩罚他们不好的行为Task3取消一个放电影的房间,这个房间在图书馆里。
反对。
一个原因是影响不大,可以通过在新的房间里放一些东西来隔离噪音。
二是人们需要看一些电影,但是要去DVD那里租,非常浪费时间Task4business targetingTask5室友拉小提琴太吵,是去图书馆学习还是花钱去住独间【阅读】阅读1.干旱2.糖3.捕鱼业4.关于昆虫的尺寸5.天花板上的画6.地下水7.fungi和grass共生8.罗马文化对侵略地的影响9.蛋壳的形成10.地球环境的演变11.电影的声音12.美国公路13.日本的风景画14.宜居行星的条件【写作】独立写作whether taking a lot of time making an important decision is a good qualityof a person,agree or disagree.综合写作tiger数量减少阅读捕猎和当地居民竞争领地habitat fragmentation听力反驳有一种aircraft可以detect捕猎当地居民可以利用tiger的value,比如让游客参观老虎有一个wild life corridors可以连接两个fragment,所以不是问题。
托福TPO47口语题目+文本
小编下面给考生们带来了托福TPO47口语文本,六个task,希望大家有针对性的有计划的规划备考。
多做题,多积累、多研究,实现自我的不断提升,加油!向着梦想前进。
托福TPO47口语task1题目:Which one of the following means of transportation do you consider to bethe most enjoyable?1. bicycle2. automobile3. trainExplain why you enjoy it.托福口语task2题目:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In the future,people will read fewer books than they do toady. Use specific examples and details to support your opinion.托福口语Task 3Professor EvaluationsThe university requires students to complete written evaluations of theirprofessors at the end of each course taught during the semester. But current system is private, since only the professors actually read the evaluations once the student submit them. I suggest that the university publish these evaluation online for everyone to read. Both professors and students would benefit from having these evaluation published. Professor would feel more motivated toimprove their teaching if they knew that their evaluations were publiclyavailable to all students. In addition, prospective students could read theevaluation and make more informed decisions about which classes they want ti take.SincerelyChris JacobsQuestion: The woman express her opinion about the proposal in the letter. Briefly summarize the proposal. Then state the woman’s opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.托福口语Task 4ReactancePeople of all ages generally prefer to have as much freedom as possible in determining their behavior. When individuals feel that their actions are being unfairly limited, they often attempt to restore freedom by directly contradicting or opposing the rule of regulation that threatened their freedom. Both children and adults demonstrate behaviors that are the results of their urge to restore freedom. This reaction, termed “reactance” by psychologists, come from an individual’s desire to reestablish freedom and control of a situation.Question: Explain how the examples in the lecture illustrate the concept of reactance.托福口语TPO47 Task5(听力+题目):The film classListen to a conversation between two studentsM : How's it going Julie?W : Not too good, you know the student art exhibitnext week?M : No what's that?。
托福听力tpo47 section2 对话讲座原文+题目+答案+译文
托福听力tpo47section2对话讲座原文+题目+答案+译文Conversation2 (1)原文 (1)题目 (3)答案 (5)译文 (5)Lecture3 (6)原文 (7)题目 (9)答案 (11)译文 (11)Lecture4 (13)原文 (13)题目 (15)答案 (17)译文 (18)Conversation2原文NARRATOR:Listen to a conversation between a student and his professor. FEMALE PROFESSOR:This is not what I had in mind when I assigned a film review. MALE STUDENT:It isn’t?FEMALE PROFESSOR:No,what you wrote is a synopsis,a detailed summary of the movie,but it's not a review.MALE STUDENT:It's not?I guess I'm a little confused cause isn't that what a film review does,you know,describe the film?FEMALE PROFESSOR:Sure,in part,but a good review has to do more.But this is probably not your fault.I’m starting to think that I should've explained the assignment better,because,well,I got a lot of summaries,and very few reviews.MALE STUDENT:So…it wasn't only me?FEMALE PROFESSOR:Hardly.I just assumed that everyone would know what to do…MALE STUDENT:So,um,what else is a review supposed to do?FEMALE PROFESSOR:Well,it should also analyze the film,discuss its strengths and weaknesses,maybe compare it to other movies,even mention why the reviewer did or didn't like it.MALE STUDENT:You mean it should've been more personal?FEMALE PROFESSOR:For starters.Or maybe,“subjective”is a better word than “personal.”Yes,it should’ve been more subjective.MALE STUDENT:Maybe I could rewrite it?FEMALE PROFESSOR:Well,I don't know about rewriting it.Too many people seem to have missed the point.I think I may have to forgo evaluating this one.Instead,maybe we'll just devote a class to discussing what it takes to write a good film review,or maybe…hmm…you know,I have a colleague who writes film reviews for the local paper.Maybe I could ask her to come to class and describe what she does,and then have everyone rewrite their reviews.MALE STUDENT:So…she would talk about what a film review should be like,so we'd know what to do?FEMALE PROFESSOR:Well more than that…a professional film reviewer gets to see movies sometimes before they’ve even been released…they get advance copies, usually a video or DVD,to watch at home.Or they go to a movie as soon as it opens in the theaters.MALE STUDENT:Umm…Seeing it on the big screen,in a theater,doesn't that affect the experience.FEMALE PROFESSOR:Of course.Having other people there…can affect the review too…So for the next assignment,I might ask everyone to review one of the films the film club shows every weekend at the theater on campus.There’s no admission charge,they're free to students,and…the movies are shown Friday and Saturday nights,plus Sunday afternoon,so everyone should be able to see one.Yeah,that should work.MALE STUDENT:But for this time,will we have to rewrite our reviews?FEMALE PROFESSOR:Well,let's take it one thing at a time.Let me talk to my colleague.题目1.Why does the student go to the professor's office?A.To hand in an assignment that he rewroteB.To ask for additional time to complete an assignmentC.To persuade the professor to allow him to rewrite an assignmentD.To receive feedback on an assignment that he has already submitted2.Why will the professor probably not grade the film review the student hasA.She realizes that the film she assigned was too difficult for the student to review.B.She thinks that she may not have explained the assignment very well.C.The student did not follow the professor's guidelines for choosing a film.D.The review the student submitted was only a first draft.3.According to the professor,what are two elements of a good review that the student did NOT include?[Click on2answers.]A.A detailed summary of the filmB.The student's opinion of the filmC.A comparison of the film to other filmsD.An explanation of the film's popularity4.Why does the professor decide to ask the students to review one of the films being shown by the campus film club?A.So they can experience a film in an authentic reviewing atmosphereB.So they can compare the film club's film with the original films they reviewedC.So they have a chance to rewrite their original reviewsD.So they have a chance to attend a film with a professional reviewer5.What does the professor imply when she says this:MALE STUDENT:But for this time,will we have to rewrite our reviews?FEMALE PROFESSOR:Well,let's take it one thing at a time.Let me talk to myA.She would like her colleague’s opinion about the student’s film review.B.She will ask her colleague to help the man rewrite his review.C.She does not want to read more than one film review from each student.D.She would like more information before making a decision about the assignment.答案D B BC A D译文旁白:请听一段学生和他的教授之间的对话。
12月17日托福听力真题答案及解析(宁波新东方版)
12月17日托福听力真题答案及解析(宁波新东方版)2016年12月17日托福听力真题Conversation 1那个男生想研究美国移民的问题,但他分不清老师上课提到过的primary sources和secondary sources。
然后老师解释了,有一本关于华盛顿书倌的书就是secondary,书里华盛顿的信就是primary。
学生提到了以前人口普查中欧洲人移民到美国的一些人口数据,老师说这是primary,但她让学生在历史的大背景下思考这个数据,例如数据库说了German,但当时世界上并没有德国这个国家,德国是一些分散的小国家。
然后学生提到了一本关于爱尔兰人移民到费城的书。
老师提醒他这个书只说了在费城的爱尔兰移民,如果要用这个,还需要考虑别的地方的爱尔兰移民。
2016年12月17日托福听力真题Lecture 1心理学课,讲FRIM的在研究人脑中的作用。
教授先讲通常人们以为brain parts 对应不同functions并且好像可以通过FRIM来进行验证,但是教授说其实FRIM 的应用没有那么简单,不能轻易得出结论。
然后距离说lobe的作用是帮助人们记忆,而另一个部分FRIM发现cortex似乎和记忆有关,但是其实cortex主要帮助人们学习语言(color, meaning),然后教授说明语言学,最后教授说FRIM应该被用来解释brain parts的correlation而不是divide functions。
2016年12月17日托福听力真题Lecture 2艺术,studio art class,讲水彩画有多脆弱,in terms of the media水彩画use。
先讲笔脆弱,因为会fade away,还有纸脆弱,因为纸是木头做成的,里面的东西会生成酸,酸然后会腐蚀纸,解决方法是用一种新型的笔,可以防止褪色,不同的颜色褪色程度也不同,但说这些不是为了限制同学们选择颜色,最后要frame,frame下要加一张glass,frame的好处不仅保护作品还能升值。
托福TPO48听力Conversation1文本+题目+答案解析
托福TPO48听力Conversation1文本+题目+答案解析为了帮助大家高效备考托福,为大家带来托福TPO48听力Conversation1文本+题目+答案解析,希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO48听力Conversation1文本Narrator:Listen to a conversation between a student and a university employee at the campus employment office.Employee:Hi, can I help you?Student:I hope so. My name's Mark Wickman. I'm...Employee:Don't I remember you from last year? You worked in, uh, where was it? The art library?Student:Yeah, you're good. That was me, and I really enjoyed the work.Employee:Right, yeah. Your supervisor gave us some really great feedback at the end of the year. Oh, "he's so organized, always on time, helpful..."Student:Really, well.. I'm glad. It was a good job.Employee:Well, we usually try to match student's jobs with their academic interests.Student:Yeah, um, I'm not exactly sure what career I'm headed for. But librarian is a possibility. It was a great experience to learn how it works and meet some people working in the field. But for this year, well, that's what I wanted to ask about.Employee:Oh, how come you waited so long to come in? You know how fast campus jobs fill up. If you'd come in earlier, you could probably have gotten the library job again. I mean, since you have the experience from last year, you don't need the training and all. But it's been filled now.Student:Yeah, I know. But I plan to get a job working at a restaurant off campus this year. I really need to make moremoney than I did last year, and working as a waiter, there's always the tips. But I've tried a ton of places and I haven't found anything.I know it's really late, but, well, um, I was wondering if maybe there was some job that hadn't been taken or maybe someone started a job, and you know, had to drop it or something.Employee:Well, I doubt you'll find anything.Student:Well, could you, could you possibly check? I know it's a long shot, butmy friend Susanne, she takes photography classes in Harrison Hall and...um...she sort of thought there might be an opening in the janitorial staff.Employee:Um, why does your friend, the photography student, think she has information about a janitorial staff opening? I'm pretty sure those jobs are filled. In fact, I remember taking lots of applications for them, but let me double check it online.Student:She said the whole studio arts building and especially the photo lab have been kind of, uh, sort of messy lately, I mean, she says there's...uh...chemicals and stuff left out, and you know, it's like no one's been cleaning up. Oh, but that could just be, you know, students using the lab after hours or something, like after it's been cleaned.Employee:Hmm, hang on. There's a...There's...um...an asterisk gap next to one of the job numbers here. There's a note. Let's see... Ha, your friend's right. Seems like one of the student janitors quit a couple of weeks ago for some reason. Well, whatever, it looks like this is your lucky day.Student:Wow! That is so great. So who's the contact person?Employee:Check with the janitorial office.Student:Fine. Thanks so much.托福TPO48听力Conversation1题目1.Why does the student go to the employment office?A. To get feedback from his previous supervisorB. To try to have his work hours reducedC. To find out about getting an on-campus jobD. To compare various job offers that he has received2.Why does the university employee seem surprised at the student’s request for on-campus jobs?A. Because she knows he is interested in off-campus jobsB. Because she expected him to apply earlier in the semester。
托福TPO40-48听力阅读答案口语写作部分介绍
1-3CBA4BD5DConversation21A2BC3-4CD5BC附TPO-40托福听力题目(lecture部分)答案:Lecture11-5DBCDB6CABLecture21-6DBDBACLecture31C2BC3AC4-6DBBLecture41-2CD3AC4-6BACTPO40托福第一篇阅读答案阅读一:C14.CDFTPO-40托福第二篇阅读答案:阅读二:1-5CABBC6-10ABCBD11-13ADA14.ADCTPO-40托福第三篇阅读答案:阅读三:1-5CDDDB6-10ACBCD11-13CBC14DBCTPO-40托福口语题目文本——独立部分;内容预览:TPO-40TASK1Independent Speaking,Personal PreferenceTalkabout a country or culture that you would like to learn more about.What is thecountry or culture and why would you like to learn more about it.TASK2Independent Speaking,Paired ChoiceSomepeople think that materials printed on paper,such as books and newspapers,will one day be replaced by electronic versions of those materials.Othersbelieve that printed materials will always be popular.Which point of view doyou agree with?Explain why.TASK3University to Create a Lounge for Commuter StudentsMany students at our university do not live in dormitories These students live in town or in the suburbs and travel to campus every day The university has decided to provide these commuter students with a special lounge in the student center—with couches, chairs,and a television.University officials hope that this lounge—a place to socialize and relax—will give commuter students some of the same advantages that dormitory residents now have.An important additional feature of the lounge will be a bulletin board on the wall for posting and sharing information that may be especially useful to commuter students and their particular needs.The woman expresses her opinion about the university’s plan.Briefly summarize the plan. Then state her opinion about the plan and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.TPO-40托福综合写作独立写作题目文本;内容预览:Reading:Many scientists believe it would be possible tomaintain a permanent human presenceon Mars or the Moon.On the other hand,conditions on Venus are so extreme and inhospitable that maintaining a humanpresence there would be impossibleFirst,atmospheric pressure at Venus’surface is atleast90times greater than the pressure at Earth’s surface This means that aforce of100kilograms is pressing downon every square centimeter of surfaceAll spacecraft that have landed on Venus have been crushed by this extremepressure within an hour of landing.Almost anything humans might land on Venuswould be crushed as well.。
topik第47届中高级听力文本
topik第47届中高级听力文本第47届中高级听力文本分为多个部分,涵盖了不同主题和语言技能的练习。
以下是对其中几个部分的文本内容进行总结和分析。
第一部分:选择题这一部分包含了多个选择题,涉及到各种主题,如旅行、饮食、购物等。
每个问题都有三个选项,考生需要根据听到的对话内容选出正确的答案。
这一部分的目的是测试考生对综合听力的理解能力和快速反应的能力。
第二部分:对话理解这一部分包含了一系列对话,涉及到不同的场景和情境。
考生需要根据对话内容回答一系列问题,涵盖了对细节、主题、态度和推理能力的考察。
这一部分的目的是测试考生对日常会话的理解能力和逻辑推理能力。
第三部分:长对话理解这一部分包含了一段长对话,通常有两个或三个人参与。
对话通常涉及到复杂的主题和情境,考生需要根据对话内容回答一系列问题,涵盖了对细节、主题、态度和推理能力的考察。
这一部分的目的是测试考生对长对话的理解能力和逻辑推理能力。
第四部分:短文理解这一部分包含了一篇短文,通常是一篇新闻报道或故事。
短文涵盖了各种主题,如社会事件、科技进展、文化传统等。
考生需要根据短文内容回答一系列问题,涵盖了对细节、主题、态度和推理能力的考察。
这一部分的目的是测试考生对综合短文的理解能力和逻辑推理能力。
第五部分:听写这一部分包含了一段长文的听写,考生需要仔细听写所听到的内容,并正确地拼写出来。
这一部分的目的是测试考生的听写能力和注意力集中能力。
整体而言,第47届中高级听力文本涵盖了多个语言技能的练习,包括听力、理解、推理和写作。
通过完成听力练习,考生可以提高对不同主题和情境的理解能力,培养快速反应和准确表达的能力。
同时,通过听写练习,考生可以提高听写和拼写的准确性,进一步提升听力技能。
TPO47听力文本
TPO 47 听力文本Conversation 1Listen to a conversation between a student and a music director.Stu: Ms. Harper?Dir: Yes, can I help you?Stu: Hi, my name is Eric Paterson, I’m a journalism student, Er, I want to ask you about the orchestra.Dir: I’m sorry, Eric. But the orchestra is only open to music majors.Stu: Really? Well, see…Dir: But the policy’s changing next year. After that, if you’ve taken three music courses, you will be able to audition. Stu: Well, e…, I have taken some music courses and I do play the double bass, so maybe that’s something to think about. But, actually, I was here about something else.Dir: Oh, sorry, it’s just I... I get that question all the time, so…Stu: That’s Ok. The thing is, I work for Magna, the school paper, and I’m reporting on last week’s concert. Now I went to it and I really enjoyed it. But now I’m looking for some background knowledge.Dir: Well, I can refer you to some of the students in the orchestra if you’d like a young musician’s point of view. Stu: Er, I guess that might be helpful, but I’m really looking for a little bit of scholarly perspective, some history of the music that was performed that evening, where it was originated, how it’s developed over time.Dir: Well, some of our musician’s kind of specialize in Appalachian music. In fact, that’s part of the reason we performed it. So you really should talk to them, too. Er… OK, so we were playing Appalachian music from communities in the Appalachian mountain regions of the United States.Stu: All right.Dir: Er…, Do you really think you can keep these all in your head?Stu: Oh, don’t worry. All I need are a few key facts. I’m sure I can keep them straight until I get back to my dorm. Dir: So the music is generally based on folk ballets and instrumental dance tunes. Er, It starts with Scottish and Irish immigrants who brought over their styles of music. It’s called Anglo-Celtic.Stu: So, people brought their musical traditions with them.Dir: Well, this Anglo-Celtic music was considered an important link to the past for these people, which you can see in the way that Appalachian singers sing ballets. They have a sort of nasal quality to them, like in Celtic ballets. In their new land, some of the lyrics were updated. You know, to refer to the new locations, and the occupations the settlers had in America, but at the same time, lots of ballets were still about the castles and royalty, lords and ladies, stuff like that, which is what they were about originally.Stu: Ok, and was that some sort of banjo I saw on stage during the performance?Dir: Yes, we are lucky that one of our students Steward Telford has a 19 century banjo, a real antique. He is able to play it in most of the traditional styles. Did you know that banjos are of African-American origin and that settlers in Appalachian adopted banjos for their folk music? They became very common in traditional Appalachian music, along with guitars and violins of course. But if you want to learn about that banjo, talk to Steward.Stu: That’s great, Ms. Harper. Thanks a lot. Now, can you recommend any sources where I could look up more about this?Dir: Sure, I have a great book. A student has it today, but you can borrow it tomorrow if you’d like.Conversation 2Listen to a conversation between a student and his professor.Pro: This is not what I had in mind when I assigned a film review.Stu: It isn’t?Pro: No. What you wrote is a synopsis, detailed summary of the movie but it’s not a review.Stu: It’s not? I guess I’m a little confused cause isn’t what a film review does, you know, to describe the film? Pro: Sure, in part. But a good review has to do more. But this is probably not your fault. I’m starting to think that I should’ve explained the assignment better because, well, I got a lot of summaries and very few reviews.Stu: So, it wasn’t only me?Pro: Hardly. I just assumed that everyone would know what to do.Stu: So, er, what else is a review supposed to do?Pro: Well it should also analyze the film, discuss its strengths and weaknesses, maybe compare to other movies, even mention why the reviewer did or didn’t like it.Stu: You mean it should have been more personal?Pro: For starters, or maybe subjective is a better word than personal. Yes, it should have been more subjective. Stu: Maybe I could rewrite it?Pro: Well, I don’t know about rewriting it. Too many people seem to have missed the point. I think I may have to forgo evaluating this one. Instead, maybe we’ll just devote a class to discussing what it takes to write a good film review or maybe, hum, you know, I have a colleague who writes film reviews for the local paper. Maybe I could ask her to come to class and describe what she does and then have everyone rewrite their reviews.Stu: So, she will talk about what a film review should be like so we’d know what to do.Pro: Well, more than that. A professional film reviewer gets to see movie sometimes before they’re even released. They get advanced copies, usually a video or DVD to watch at home or they go a movie as soon as it opens in the theatres.Stu: Em…, seeing it on a big screen in a theatre. Doesn’t that affect the experience?Pro: Of course. Having other people there can affect their review too. So, for the next assignment, I might ask everyone to review one of the films the film club shows every weekend at the theatre on campus. There is no admission charge. They are free to students, and the movies are shown on Friday and Saturday nights, plus Sunday afternoon, so everyone should be able to see one. Yeah, that should work.Stu: But for this time, will we have to rewrite our reviews?Pro: Well, let’s take it one thing at a time. Let me talk to my colleague.Lecture 1Listen to part of a lecture in a literature class.So, um, in France, you have the French Academy, which was created to uphold the standards of literary taste. Was it a very conservative organization? It tried to keep things a certain way, resist change. It dictated that French play should be neoclassic in form, you know, have 5 acts, sophisticated language, etc. But try as it might, it couldn’t stop change. French drama was changing. Though the transition from neoclassical drama to romantic drama was itself pretty, er, dramatic.Let’s look at a play by Victor Hugo, called Hernani, or the French would say Hernané. Although Hugo was a truly brilliant writer of, er, essays, poems, novels, and plays. Er, his play Hernani isn’t a great play in a novel of itself. It’s got a really confusing, convoluted storyline. Critics back then were unimpressed by it, though it’s likely that their own feelings about how play should be, neoclassical or romantic, affected their opinions about it. But it’s premier in Paris in 1830 was anything but ordinary. Hernani s opening night was probably one of the most important literary events in nineteen century France. What happened was, ok, Hugo was a romanticist, right? He was part of a growing movement of er…, young authors and artists, who were rebelling against neoclassicism, against the conventions of neoclassicism. And, and what this meant is that Hugo opposed the neoclassical unities, that Frenchtheatre had inherited from Greek drama. These unities were basically the unity of time, space and action, meaning that the entire play consisted of just one main event that was unfolding in just one specific place, usually in the course of one day. And Hugo found this to be too constraining. He looked for inspiration in, well, ok. Hugo is from the nineteen century, but he looked to Shakespeare, several centuries in the past, long before neoclassicism. For example, in Shakespeare’s play, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, the play moves from indoors to outdoors, from the city to the forest, and back again. So there was a kind of mobility in the use of space, and well, in A Midsummer Night’s Dream, of course the action in that play takes place on a single summer’s night. But in Shakespeare’s other plays, in Hamlet, for example, time elapses, people travel, they go to other destinations, and the action is not limited to one plot.Hugo also opposed the neoclassical insistence on the separation of genres. For neoclassicists, a play could only be dramatic and high art, or comic, the light-hearted, and in neither case, there was still a sense of decorum, characters might make jokes, and get into silly situations, but there are still regular people, like not in disguise or anything. There is still a certain amount of restraint in a neoclassical comedy. Again, earlier works by Shakespeare provided very different models that Hugo found more appealing. Many of Shakespeare’s plays, even the tragedies, contain scenes with ridiculous outlandish characters, like clowns. So that many of the plays have both qualities, a serious dramatic side, and comedic scenes, with the clowns that break the drama.And Hugo, like other Romantics, was also opposed to the artistic rules that neoclassicists had inherited from enlightenment. The Romantics wanted a more passionate kind of theatre, and it was more rooted in the individual and the individual sensibility.Romanticism was political as well, claiming that individuals, people, could govern themselves, without the need for kings and queens. There was an ideological struggle between a lot of young people, artists, people who want to change and people who didn’t. So of course Romanticism was controversial. Now, Hernani was a play that incorporated these romantic conventions. Hugo suspected that neoclassical audiences would be hostile to this new form and the ideas that it represented. So, to protect himself, he rounded up his friends for opening night and hundreds of them came to the theatre that night. And Hugo writes about this arrival of the Romantics, these wild and bizarre characters and their outlandish costumes, which stupefied and infuriated the more conventional theatre goers. So the play that night took forever to finish because it was interrupted many times. And there were these debates in the audience, between Hugo’s friends and supporters, the Romantics, and the neoclassicists, the supporters of the old school, lots of interruptions. And afterward, what had been a debate inside the theater spilt out onto the street there and were fistfights. It was a complete free-for-all. And this went on for the next forty five nights. Every night that the play was performed, there was this excitement and controversy that was really an expression the kinds of passions that differences of statics and political opinions and tastes could give rise to.Lecture 2Listen to part of a lecture in a biology class.Pro: Now usually when we talk about birds flying long distances, we are discussing seasonal migration, but there are some species that fly long distances not as part of a migration, but as part of their regular foraging for food. A great example is the albatross. Albatross are seabirds that nest on islands, and, er, forage for food out in the open sea. And, you have one species that forages in an average of a thousand miles from its nest. And I read in another study where one albatross left a chick in its nest and went out and search of food, and by the time it got back to the nest, it had flown nine thousand miles. Yes, Bob.Bob: er, but why don’t they just build their nest close to the food supply? I mean, for one thing, they must burn upa lot of energy flying back and forth, and also the parents are gonna to have to be away from the nest that much. Aren’t the chicks gonna be pretty hungry most of the time?Pro: Ok. Good question. The chicks are capable of going for long periods of time without food, which works out nicely since as you point out, they may not get to eat that often. As far as the parents go, well, um, first, they typically can’t get enough food in a single location, so they have to visit several places on the same foraging trip. And the locations of good foraging grounds tend to be very far apart. As second, they can’t always nest on an island that is closest to the best feeding ground because some of those islands have too many predators on them. Predators that would just love some little chicks to snack on. So I don’t think they have much choice, but it still works out because albatross fly using a technique called dynamic soaring, which enables them to cover very long distances while expending very little energy. If it weren’t for that, you would be right. They would probably burn up all their energy just flying back and forth. Another factor is albatross lay only one egg at a time. So when the parent returns with the food, that one chick doesn’t have to share it with a lot of other chicks. Yes, Nancy.Nancy: So you are saying that they might easily fly a thousand miles over the open ocean when they are looking for food?Pro: That’s right.Nancy: Then how do they know how to get to the food? I mean, which direction to take to get to the food, and how do they find their way back home?Pro: Good point. And the truth is we’re not sure. It’s very difficult to keep seabirds in captivity where you can study them. And it’s very difficult to study them in the wild, you know. But we think that a lot of what we’ve learned about songbirds probably applies to seabirds as well. So we are thinking that albatross could make use of two different kinds of compasses, if you… well, magnetic compass and celestial compass. The magnetic compass somehow makes use of earth’s magnetic field, much the way a standard compass does. But to prove this, we would have to find some kind of magnetic accessory organ in birds. And we are not sure that we have. We have found in birds a mineral, called magnetite, which we think might be somehow related to this, because magnetite is a natural magnet. But the problem is that we’ve also found magnetite in non-migratory birds, which suggests that it may in fact serve a completely different function, not related to navigation at all. Um, and the other compass, the celestial compass, makes use of the stars, more or less the same way humans have starkly used the stars to navigate in the open sea. So that’s the way we think albatross navigate. So anyway, you know, think about it, how about if you had to go a thousand miles every time you wanted to get a bite to eat.Stu: Yeah, and we complained about having to walk all the way across campus to get to the cafeteria.Pro: Yeah.Lecture 3Listen to part of a lecture in a sports management class.Pro: So, I want to end today with a topic that many of you’ve questioned about when you’ve come to see me during my office hours. A lot of you have told me you are specifically interested in careers as coaches. Now, it doesn’t matter what’s sports you’re interested in coaching, volleyball, basketball, swimming. There are some considerations for all new coaches to think about as they plan their careers. A recent study, a survey of high school head coaches helped identify some obstacles, some things that head coaches felt they were not prepared for as they began theircareers. They were surveyed to determine what things they would do differently if they were starting their careers over again. Based on their responses, several things emerged. The largest number of responses was in the area of relationships. 79% of the coaches indicated that if they had to do it over again, they would do things differently in this area. They said they dealt differently with assistant coaches, parents, student athletes, school administration, and pay more attention to those relationships.The second most critical area for these coaches was organization and administration. To them, this means things like better managing their budgets, and delegating responsibilities, making sure that even minor things were taken care of, like pregame meals, those sorts of things.Kenny: Excuse me, professor? I know good nutrition is important, but organizing pregame meals, isn’t really something you consider when you thinking about going at the coaching as a career.Pro: No, I guess not, Kenny. But it’s more an example of paying attention to the details, being organized. I do want to emphasize that the profession of coaching is about more than just wins and losses. In fact, wining is probably stressed too much, at its best, I’d say coaching, especially in high school and college is about teaching life skills through game strategy. Of course, coaching requires a specialized body of knowledge. If you coach tennis you need to know the rules of tennis. If you are a football coach, you need to know all about football strategies. And those are the sorts of things that you will get in your classes here at the university. But if coaches spend too much of your time on game strategy, well, you see, maybe that’s secondary, too, to the knowledge and skills you’ll need for the other roles you undertake as a coach, especially, as that survey emphasized, skills in dealing with people and administration.Kenny: But, how do you, how do you improve in those areas. I mean, I’m going be an assisting coach at a high school, beginning next month, and …Female Stu: Really? Nice going, Kenny.Pro: Yes, that’s wonderful.Kenny: Thanks. I’m excited.Pro: So, congratulations. Ok, well, to get better organized, one thing is take courses in business management, and not just the sports management courses in the physical education department, other business in finance courses. Oh, but wait a minute, you said you were starting next month? What sport will you be coaching?Kenny: Er, gymnastics, mainly.Pro: Ok, in my career, I’ve learned, well, as part of building and maintaining strong relationships in working on administrative skills, you’ve got to consider the other needs of your team, beyond the sport itself. Remember, the team members are athletes, and students. Er, and remember that if you’re enthusiastic about what you are doing, well, enthusiasm is its catching, right? You want team members to enjoy participating.Kenny: Right, but what about setting rules for your team? And is it better to be strict or not so strict?Pro: Actually, I don’t believe in having a lot of rules and coaches often do have too many. I think that can get in the way of leadership and box you in. I think people sometimes set rules just to make things easier for themselves. That way, maybe later, they just can refer to the rule and avoid making a choice. You know that kind of person I’m talkingabout, right? But, that’s not to say the team shouldn’t have any rules at all. Of course they need some, so early in the season, or when you first take a new job, establish a few basic ground rules, for what is acceptable and non-acceptable behavior.Female Stu: So, what are some good ones?Pro: Well, er, a couple of rules a coach should have are insist that players be on time, and insist that they practice hard and give their best effort. And when you do establish a rule, stick to it.Lecture 4Listen to part of a lecture in a meteorology class.Pro: Now, earth’s atmosphere is, sort of like a giant weather machine, right? It has air, and water being its key components, a machine powered by energy from the sun. So, we need to consider the role that air, or more specifically, wind plays in this machine. So wind is really nothing more than moving air, right? Now the air is heated and becomes warmer, it expands and becomes less dense. When air in a particular area is heated, you get a concentration of warm air in an area of low pressure. Now likewise, when you get a concentration of cold air, that air can be very dense, so it’s going to create an area of high pressure. If you have an area of high pressure, next to an area of low pressure, the colder high pressure air was staring moving towards the area of low pressure, right? And the warmer air will move away, rising above the cooler air, ok? Yes, Linda.Linda: So wind is actually generated by the sun?Pro: Well, earth rotation plays a role, and there are other factors, we’ll come back to all that. But principally, yes, the sun creates the temperature differential that creates the areas of high pressure and low pressure that create wind. Linda: Er, I don’t get what, how it causes a temperature differential?Pro: Right, good, this will take us to the role of wind in the climate. The key is that the sun warms up different parts of earth at different rates and to different degrees. For example, at sunrise, the land heats up faster than the ocean. That’s why you get morning sea breezes, the air over the water heats more slowly than air of land. So during the early morning, it’s cooler and denser than air over land. So it moves in toward land, a sea breeze. Er, what else? Um, the sun’s energy is more intense near the equator than it is near the poles. So you’ve got masses of warmer air over the equatorial regions and masses of cooler air over polar regions. And these masses are constantly interacting with each other, which is critically important for earth’s climate.One result of these interactions is that equatorial air masses move away from the equator, and in the process, those equatorial winds actually take heat away from the equator and transfer it to some cooler part of earth. And by redistributing this energy, the sun’s energy really, winds play a critical role in maintaining a temperature balance from the poles to the equator. Now, winds also help earth maintain its balance in another way by transporting water from one part of earth to another. Waters contained in the air in the form of vapor, mostly through evaporation, mostly from the oceans. And so when the air moves, it carries the vapor with it to some other parts of earth, where can deposit it as rain or snow or some other form of precipitation.Actually, the transfer of heat and water by wave of wind are very closely related because a primary wave that heat energy is transferred by the wind is mediated by the process of evaporation. What happens is that a certain amountof heat energy is required to convert liquid water into vapor. So when water evaporates from the ocean, it takes energy to convert that water into a gas form, into water vapor. But that heat energy, that conversion energy, doesn’t raise the temperature of the water vapor, or of the air. It’s just stored in the water vapor, then later when the water vapor converts back to liquid water, that energy is released.So, when water evaporates, energy is taken from the ocean and it’s stored in the water vapor in the air. Then the air, the wind, transports the water vapor to some other part of earth. Then the water vapor converts back into liquid water. It rains in other words. And the heat energy that was stored in the water vapor is released into the new environment, ok? So, the transfer of heat and the transfer of water are very closely related. And what’s the primary vehicle for this transfer? The wind. So wind is a critical element in the redistribution of both the sun’s energy and earth’s water.。
托福听力tpo47 section1 对话讲座原文+题目+答案+译文
托福听力tpo47section1对话讲座原文+题目+答案+译文Conversation1 (1)原文 (1)题目 (3)答案 (5)译文 (5)Lecture1 (7)原文 (7)题目 (10)答案 (12)译文 (12)Lecture2 (14)原文 (14)题目 (16)答案 (18)译文 (18)Conversation1原文NARRATOR:Listen to a conversation between a student and a music director. MALE STUDENT:Ms.Harper?FEMALE DIRECTOR:Yes,can I help you?MALE STUDENT:Hi,my name's Eric Patterson.I'm a journalism student.Uh,I wanted to ask you about the orchestra…FEMALE DIRECTOR:I'm sorry Eric,but the orchestra is only open to music majors.MALE STUDENT:Really?Well,see—FEMALE DIRECTOR:But the policy's changing next year.After that,if you've taken three music courses,you will be able to audition.MALE STUDENT:Well,uh,I have taken some music courses,and I do play the double bass,so maybe that’s something to think about.But actually,I was here about something else.FEMALE DIRECTOR:Oh,sorry!It's just I-I get that question all the time,so…MALE STUDENT:That's OK.Thing is,I work for Magna—the school paper—and I'm reporting on last week’s concert.Now,I went to it,and I really enjoyed it,but now I’m looking for some background knowledge.FEMALE DIRECTOR:Well,I can refer you to some of the students in the orchestra,if you’d like a young musician’s point of view…MALE STUDENT:Uh,I-I guess that might be helpful…But um,I’m really looking for a little bit of scholarly perspective.Some history of the music that was performed that evening.Where it originated,how it’s developed over time…FEMALE DIRECTOR:Well,some of our musicians kind of specialize in Appalachian music;in fact,that's part of the reason we performed it.So you really should talk to them,too.um,OK,so we were playing Appalachian music…from communities in the Appalachian mountain regions of the United States.MALE STUDENT:All right…FEMALE DIRECTOR:Uh…do you really think you can keep this all in your head?MALE STUDENT:Oh.Don't worry.All I need are a few key facts.I'm sure I can keep them straight until I get back to my dorm.FEMALE DIRECTOR:So.The music is generally based on folk ballads and instrumental dance tunes.Um,it started with Scottish and Irish immigrants who brought over their styles of music.It's called Anglo-Celtic.MALE STUDENT:So,people brought their musical traditions with them.FEMALE DIRECTOR:Well,this Anglo-Celtic music was considered an important link to the past for these people,which you can see in the way that Appalachian singers sing ballads;they have sort of a nasal quality to them,like in Celtic ballads.In their new land,some of the lyrics were updated,you know,to refer to the new locations,and the occupations that settlers had in America.But at the same time,lots of ballads were still about castles,and royalty…lords and ladies…stuff like that.Which is what they were about originally.MALE STUDENT:OK,and was that some sort of banjo I saw onstage during the performance。
TPO 47 Reading 1 解析
Passage 1Q 1正确答案:B解析:原句意为,我们不应轻视这些以前在英国曾没有的普通物品的社会地位。
其中的mundane意为“普通的,平凡的”,四个选项中,A意为“物质上的”,B意为“普通的”,C意为“有价值的”,D 意为“有用的”,只有B符合条件。
Q 2正确答案:C解析:第1段中提到,We should not underestimate the social status associated with such mundane possessions which had not previously been available.可见,这些从罗马引入的物品被赋予了一定的社会意义,拥有它们是人们社会身份地位的象征。
C符合原文。
Q 3正确答案:B解析:第1段中提到,在罗马入侵后,罗马的物品以及思想等对英国产生了巨大的影响,而在此之前,它们之间的交流并不多,从该段的字里行间不难看出这一点:一些类似于clothing, utensils and equipment 这样的mundane possessions之前从未在英国出现过,而且当它们出现后,成了社会身份地位的象征。
后面的…for the first time, whether or not the symbolism was understood进一步提示,在罗马入侵英国前,它们之间的交流极其有限。
Q 4正确答案:D解析:原句意为,它被大量装饰了进口的雕刻和其他一些经典的物品。
其中的lavishly意为“大量地,丰富地”,四个选项中,A意为“唯一地;专门地”,B意为“额外地”,C意为“恰当地”,D意为“丰富地”,只有D符合条件。
Q 5正确答案:A解析:第2段提到,… a participant in the contemporary culture of the empire, not at all provincial in taste. Even if those from the traditional families looked down on him, they would have been unable to dismiss him as uncultured.这里使用了双重否定,也就是说,the Fishbourne villa的主人的品味并不老土(provincial),应该是受过教育的,A符合原文。
topik中高级 47回听力文本
topik中高级 47回听力文本In the topik 중고급 (advanced) 47회 (47th test), the listening section plays a significant role in evaluatingthe test-taker's comprehension skills. The listening texts are designed to challenge the candidates' understanding of various contexts, accents, and speech patterns. Thissection aims to assess their ability to extract information, infer meaning, and grasp the overall message accurately.One perspective to consider is the difficulty level of the listening texts. These texts are carefully selected to test the candidates' proficiency in the Korean language. They may include complex vocabulary, idiomatic expressions, and fast-paced dialogues. This challenges the test-takersto actively engage their listening skills and focus on the content being presented. It also helps to evaluate their ability to comprehend natural Korean conversations, whichis an essential skill for effective communication in real-life situations.Another aspect to consider is the diversity of topics covered in the listening section. The texts may revolve around a wide range of subjects, including social issues, culture, technology, history, and more. This diversity ensures that the candidates are exposed to various themes and can adapt to different contexts. It also reflects the real-life scenarios where individuals need to understand and respond to different subjects in Korean.Furthermore, the listening section aims to assess the candidates' listening strategies and their ability to extract information effectively. The texts may include multiple-choice questions, gap-filling exercises, ortrue/false statements. These formats require the test-takers to actively listen, analyze the given options, and choose the most appropriate answer. This not only tests their listening skills but also their critical thinking and decision-making abilities.Moreover, the listening section also evaluates thetest-takers' ability to understand different accents and speech patterns. The texts may include conversationsbetween native speakers, regional dialects, or even non-native speakers. This challenges the candidates to adapt to different accents and understand the content despite variations in pronunciation and intonation. It reflects the real-life situations where individuals interact with people from diverse linguistic backgrounds.Additionally, the listening section plays a crucialrole in enhancing the test-takers' overall language proficiency. By actively listening to the texts, candidates can improve their vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structure. They can also learn new expressions, idioms, and colloquialisms that are commonly used in spoken Korean. This section encourages them to develop their listening skills, which are essential for effective communication in daily life or professional settings.In conclusion, the topik 중고급 47회 listening section is designed to evaluate the candidates' comprehensionskills in various contexts, accents, and speech patterns.It challenges them to actively engage their listening skills, extract information accurately, and understanddifferent subjects. The section also tests their ability to adapt to different accents and enhances their overall language proficiency. By carefully designing the listening texts, the test aims to assess the candidates' proficiency in the Korean language and their ability to communicate effectively in real-life situations.。
托福TPO47阅读Passage1原文文本+题目+答案解析
为了帮助大家高效备考托福,为大家带来托福TPO47阅读Passage1原文文本+题目+答案解析,希望对大家备考有所帮助。
Roman Cultural Influence on Britain After the Roman Empire’s conquest of Britain in the first century A.D.,the presence of administrators,merchants,and troops on British soil,along with the natural flow of ideas and goods from the rest of the empire,had an enormous influence on life in the British Isles.Cultural influences were of three types:the bringing of objects,the transfer of craft workers,and the introduction of massive civil architecture.Many objects were not art in even the broadest sense and comprised utilitarian items of clothing,utensils,and equipment.We should not underestimate the social status associated with such mundane possessions which had not previously been available.The flooding of Britain with red-gloss pottery form Gaul(modern-day France),decorated with scenes from Classical mythology,probably brought many into contact with the styles and artistic concepts of the Greco-Roman world for the first time,whether or not the symbolism was understood.Mass-produced goods were accompanied by fewer more aesthetically impressive objects such as statuettes.Such pieces perhaps first came with officials for their own religious worship;others were then acquired by native leaders as diplomatic gifts or by purchase.Once seen by the natives,such objects created a fashion which rapidly spread through the province. In the most extreme instances,natives literally bought the whole package of Roman culture.The Fishbourne villa,built in the third quarter of the first century A.D.,probably for the native client king Cogidubnus,amply illustrates his Roman pretensions.It was constructed in the latest Italian style with imported marbles and stylish mosaics.It was lavishly furnished with imported sculptures and other Classical objects.A visitor from Rome would have recognized its owner as a participant in the contemporary culture of the empire,not at all provincial in taste.Even if those from the traditional families looked down on him,they would have been unable to dismiss him as uncultured.Although exceptional,this demonstrates how new cultural symbols bound provincials to the identify of the Roman world. Such examples established a standard to be copied.One result was an influx of craft worker,particularly those skilled in artistic media like stone-carving which had not existed before the conquest.Civilian workers came mostly from Gaul and Germany.The magnificent temple built beside the sacred spring at Bath was constructed only about twenty years after the conquest.Its detail shows that it was carved by artists from northeast Gaul.In the absence of a tradition of Classical stone-carving and building,the desire to develop Roman amenities would have been difficult to fulfill.Administrators thus used their personal contacts to put the Britons in touch with architects and masons.As many of the officials in Britain had strong links with Gaul,it is not surprising that early Roman Britain owes much to craft workers from that area.Local workshops did develop and stylistically similar groups of sculptureshow how skills in this new medium became widerspread.Likewise skills in the use of mosaic,wall painting,ceramic decoration,and metal-working developed throughout the province with the eventual emergence of characteristically Romano-British styles. This art had a major impact on the native peoples,and one of the most importance factors was a change in the scale of buildings.Pre-Roman Britain was highly localized,with people rarely traveling beyond their own region.On occasion large groups amassed for war or religious festivals,but society remained centered on small communities.Architecture of this era reflected this with even the largest of the fortified towns and hill forts containing no more than clusters of medium-sized structures.The spaces inside even the largest roundhouses were modest,and the use of rounded shapes and organic building materials gave buildings a human scale.But the effect of Roman civil architecture was significant.The sheer size of space enclosed within buildings like the basilica of London must have been astonishing.This was an architecture of dominance in which subject peoples were literally made to feel small by buildings that epitomized imperial power.Supremacy was accentuated by the unyielding straight lines of both individual buildings and planned settlements since these too provided a marked contrast with the natural curvilinear shapes dominant in the native realm. 托福阅读TPO47Part1阅读题目: Passage1 After the Roman Empire’s conquest of Britain in the first century A.D.,the presence of administrators,merchants,and troops on British soil,along with the natural flow of ideas and goods from the rest of the empire,had an enormous influence on life in the British Isles.Cultural influences were of three types:the bringing of objects,the transfer of craft workers,and the introduction of massive civil architecture.Many objects were not art in even the broadest sense and comprised utilitarian items of clothing,utensils,and equipment.We should not underestimate the social status associated with such mundane possessions which had not previously been available.The flooding of Britain with red-gloss pottery form Gaul(modern-day France),decorated with scenes from Classical mythology,probably brought many into contact with the styles and artistic concepts of the Greco-Roman world for the first time,whether or not the symbolism was understood.Mass-produced goods were accompanied by fewer more aesthetically impressive objects such as statuettes.Such pieces perhaps first came with officials for their own religious worship;others were then acquired by native leaders as diplomatic gifts or by purchase.Once seen by the natives,such objects created a fashion which rapidly spread through the province. 1.The word“mundane”in the passage is closest in meaning to A.material。
TPO-47 听力题目文本——对话部分(conversation) (2)
Conversation11.Why does the student go to the woman’s office?A.To schedule an audition to join an orchestraB.To ask a question about a music class he is takingC.To get information for an article he is writingD.To ask a question about a lecture the woman gave2.Why does the woman assume that the student wants to join the orchestra?A.He has taken some music classes.B.He plays the double bass.C.She has advertised for musicians in the newspaper.D.She hears that request often.3.What does the woman imply about the members of the orchestra?Click on 2 answers.A.They might know more about the history of Appalachian music than she does.B.They will teach the student to play the banjo.C.They are all music majors.D.Some of them have lived in the Appalachian Mountains.4.According to the professor, how did immigrants’ music change when theymoved to the Appalachians?Click on 2 answers.A.It began to incorporate new instruments.B.Musicians began to experiment with new rhythms.C.Singers started to use a nasal singing style.D.The words of some of the songs were changed.5.Why does the woman say this:A.To emphasize a point she just madeB.To find out if the student needs more informationC.To suggest that the student take notesD.To praise the student for having a good memoryConversation21.W hy does the student go to the professor’s office?A.To hand in an assignment that he rewroteB.To ask for additional time to complete an assignmentC.To persuade the professor to allow him to rewrite an assignmentD.To receive feedback on an assignment that he has already submitted2.Why will the professor probably not grade the film review the student hassubmitted?A.She realizes that the film she assigned was too difficult for the student to review.B.She thinks that she may not have explained the assignment very well.C.The student did not follow the professor’s guidelines for choosing a film.D.The review the student submitted was only a first draft.3.According to the professor, what are two elements of a good review that thestudent did NOT include?Click on 2 answers.A. A detailed summary of the filmB.The student’s opinion of the filmC. A comparison of the film to other filmsD.An explanation of the film’s popularity4.Why does the professor decide to ask the students to review one of the filmsbeing shown by the campus film club?A.So they can experience a film in an authentic reviewing atmosphereB.So they can compare the film club’s film with the original films they reviewedC.So they have a chance to rewrite their original reviewsD.So they have a chance to attend a film with a professional reviewer5.What does the professor imply when she says this: ?A.She would like her colleague’s opinion about the student’s film review.B.She will ask her colleague to help the man rewrite his review.C.She does not want to read more than one film review from each student.D.She would like more information before making a decision about the assignment.。
托福模拟试卷47(题后含答案及解析)
托福模拟试卷47(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1. Listening Comprehension 3. Reading Comprehension 4. SPEAKING 5. WRITINGSection One:Listening Comprehension听力原文:NarratorListen to part of a lecture in a business class. ProfessorGood morning, everyone. Today, Ur...first of all, I’d like to talk about business customs around the world. The world is becoming smaller and smaller with the development of science and technology. Are you going to attend an academic conference or are you going to do business with foreigners? The following passage gives advice on customs and protocol in a variety of different countries. Foreign cultures adhere to different business customs and protocol. For example, caffeine junkies should restrain themselves in the Middle East. Three cups of tea or coffee is usually the polite limit in offices and during social calls. However, if your host keeps going, you also may continue sipping. If you’ve had your fill, give your empty cup a quick twist, a sort of wiggle, as you hand it back. That means, “No more, thank you. “ Also, visitors to the Middle East should not be surprised if others barge right into the office in the middle of your conversation with the person you are seeing. An old Arab custom calls for keeping an open office. The British, however, consider it impolite to interrupt a visitor, even after all business has been transacted. The commercial caller is expected to be sensitive to this point, know when to stop, and initiate his or her own departure. Spanish business people connect with tangibles. Samples of products of services should be offered whenever possible. Additionally, in Spain, offices and retail establishments generally close from 1:00 p. m. to as late as 4:30 p. m. Alfonso Escalera, U. S. representative for Spanish Line shipping company, adds that black shoes, not brown, are considered proper for business occasions. The Spanish have historically favored black and ultra-dark colors. Good office manners in Indonesia require the visitor to present a business card immediately. If no card is offered, long delays may result. The mark of a thoughtful executive is to have one side in English and the other in Bahasa. In Japan, a visitor should be prepared to distribute as many as 40 business cards a day. Protocol in France calls for listing academic credentials on one’s calling cards. In Japan, certain guests at evening business gatherings will leave early. They should be allowed to leave without enthusiastic good-byes. The Japanese consider formal departures to be disruptive in such cases and disturbing to remaining guests. In Scandinavia and Finland, business guests may be asked to shed their clothes and join their hosts in a sauna. The invitation is a sign that a good working relationship has been established. In Denmark, a visitor who is invited to a business associate’s home should take flowers or some unusual delicacy. In Norway, to be totally correct, the visitor should send a gift the day after dinner; in France always send flowers before visiting a home fordinner. However, don’t send chrysanthemums; they’re for funerals. Beyond flowers and gifts, the French prefer a business visitor to sponsor a special occasion after major dealings.Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer.1. What is the talk mainly about?2. In the lecture, the professor describes customs and protocol in a variety of different countries. Indicate whether each of the following is customs and protocol in the countries. Tick the correct box for each phrase.3. What is the protocol in France concerning calling cards?4. According to the professor, what is the sign that a good working relationship has been established in Scandinavia?5. In the following, what is implied based on the professor’s description? ProfessorJapanese consider early formal departures to be disruptive in such cases and disturbing to remaining guests, they should are allowed to leave without enthusiastic good-byes.6. In the following, what is implied based on the professor’s description? ProfessorIn Denmark, a visitor who is invited to a business associate’s home should take flowers or some unusual delicacy; in France always send flowers before visiting a home for dinner, don’n send chrysanthemums; they’re for funerals.NarratorListen to part of a lecture in a business class.Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer.1.What is the talk mainly about?A.Different customs and manners around the world.B.How to do business with other people.C.The unbelievable changes in the business world.D.Advice on customs and protocol in many countries.正确答案:D解析:本题为要点题,要求考生理解分散在听力材料中的关键词汇、词组或事实,并通过综合分析来确定听力材料的要点。
托福听力tpo44 section1 对话讲座原文+题目+答案+译文
托福听力tpo44section1对话讲座原文+题目+答案+译文Conversation1 (2)原文 (2)题目 (4)答案 (5)译文 (6)Lecture1 (7)原文 (7)题目 (9)答案 (11)译文 (11)Lecture2 (13)原文 (13)题目 (16)答案 (18)译文 (18)Conversation1原文NARRATOR:Listen to a conversation between a student and her sociology professor.MALE PROFESSOR:I'm glad you got my message and were able to make it,but where are the other members of your group,Tom and Jane?FEMALE STUDENT:They're actually at the library.They have a biology lab assignment that's due later this afternoon,so I'm here to represent the whole group.But,um,when we got your e-mail message—about being worried about our research project—we were a little confused.We thought you were excited about our idea for the project.MALE PROFESSOR:Well,I think it's a great research topic,but when I looked closely at your plan for accomplishing the research,I realized that your group was probably asking for some trouble.FEMALE STUDENT:What do you mean?I thought that you know,by monitoring students studying in the library,we could really,uh,get a good understanding of people’study habits and stuff.MALE PROFESSOR:The thing is,I think you might have a problem because of the Hawthorne effect.FEMALE STUDENT:The Hawthorne effect?MALE PROFESSOR:The Hawthorne effect is a technical term for when researchers. uh,more or less forget about a specific variable,the variable of the researchers themselves.Now,the students in the library,they're going to know that you’re observing them, right?So you have to consider the effect your very presence will have on the people you’re observing.FEMALE STUDENT:But,so you think,I-I mean,it's not like our observations would be a secret.The students would know exactly what we'd be doing.I mean,we'd put up a sign right outside the library.MALE PROFESSOR:Yes,but that’s just it.When people know they're being watched, they act differently.Let me explain how the Hawthorne effect got its name and well, you'll get the idea.See,there was a manufacturing facility called the Hawthorne plant.And researchers conducted some experiments there to see what conditions made workers the most productive.FEMALE STUDENT:What sort of conditions?MALE PROFESSOR:Well,one thing they experimented with was the lights.Were workers more productive with bright lights or dim lights?Well,here’s the thing: Whatever the researchers did,the workers’productivity increased.When the lighting was improved,productivity went up.When the lighting was dimmed,productivity went up again.FEMALE STUDENT:That doesn't make a lot of sense.MALE PROFESSOR:Exactly.So initially,the experiment was considered a failure.But then the researchers realized that their own presence had affected the workers' productivity.The workers knew that the researchers were watching them,and with so much attention on them,the workers felt compelled to work harder.FEMALE STUDENT:Oh,I guess that really could be an issue with my group's research.MALE PROFESSOR:Yes.But I don't want to send you all back to square one,so how about you set up a meeting with your group members and discuss this.Then we can meet again and go over your ideas and I think that we should be able to figure out a way to get around the problem.题目1.Why does the student go to see the professor?A.To get his opinion about why a project she recently completed had unexpected results.B.To discuss how a topic covered in class is similar to her group's research topic.C.To ask him for suggestions to address a problem in her research.D.To discuss the professor's concern about her group's research project.2.In response to the professor's question,what does the woman say about Tom and Jane?A.They are working on an assignment for another class.B.They are already observing students for the research project.C.They are dealing with a technical issue at the library.D.They are making arrangements at the library for their research project.3.What had the group of students planned to research?A.The effect of noise on the productivity of library employees.B.The effect of changing the amount of light in the library.C.The study habits of students in the library.D.The effect that being observed while studying has on students.4.Why does the professor mention lighting?A.To explain why production costs gradually increased over the years at a manufacturing plantB.To give a reason for a decline in productivity at two manufacturing plantsC.To compare the working conditions at two manufacturing plantsD.To give an example of a working condition that was adjusted at a manufacturing plant5.Why does the student say this?Now,the students in the library…they're going to know that you’re observing them,right?So you have to consider the effect your very presence will have on the people you’re observing.FEMALE STUDENT:But,so you think,I mean,it's not like our observations would be a secret.The students would know exactly what we'd be doing.A.She is disappointed with the observations that the members of her group have made so far.B.She does not understand the point that the professor is making.C.She wants to determine a way for her group to make observations in secret.D.She is aware that her group’s presence might affect student behavior.答案D A C D B译文旁白:请听一段学生和她的社会学教授的对话。
【威学教育】托福口语TPO47综合体听力文本
托福口语TPO47综合体听力文本TPO47Task3Now listen to two students discussing the letterDid you see this?Yeah. But I don't think it'll workWhy not?Well, I don't think professors would be too happy to have their teaching styles publicly criticized.Besides they might not even bother reading the online evaluations if they think there will benegative criticism in them.You really think that will happen?Sure. And so the professor won't take them seriously or be influenced in any way. Nothing's goingto change.Okay. But at least students who might take their courses in the future will read themThat's true. This transcript was written by QQ 51962692$. But students who write theevaluations usually do it on the last day of class. And they're all in a hurry to leave. They don'twant to bother spending much time on them, so they don't say anything specific or helpful aboutthe professor or the course.Isee what you mean.So this whole idea may not work at all.Task4Listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a psychology class.Think about when you were a kid. Imagine you like this one playground. You play there a lot, havelots of fun, you know. Okay. Now imagine that one day, for no apparent reason, your parentsdecide that they don't want you playing there anymore. You are not allowed to go there anymore.Of course you're not gonna like that one bit. It's not fair. And now that you are not allowed, youwant to play there even more than before. So you sneak over there anyway. You go to thisplayground despite your parents' rules.Here`s another example.There was a town that passed a law that banned the sale of a certain kind of soap. There was aningredient in this soap that was harmful for the environment. So stores weren't allowed the sellthe soap anymore. Keep in mind that this ingredient had no effect whatsoever on this soap'sability to clean things. None,but people found out about the upcoming restriction and got upset.They thought they should be able to buy whatever soap they wanted. It wasn't right to take thissoap away. And a week before the law went into effect, what happened? People went andbought a whole lot of this particular soap, way mare than they would have in anothercircumstance.Task5Listen to a conversation between two students.How is it going? Julie.Not too good. You know the student art exhibit next week?No. What's that? It's where a few art students are chosen to show apiece of artwork in thestudent center for people to see.Oh! Cool. You were chosen?Yeah. Except I just found out that I can't use the painting I did for it.Why not?Because it's too big.I'm into working on a really large scale now. And the painting I did for this show is huge.It's like athree-meter wide canvas, but each artist only gets a small amount of wall space.The organizers can't make an exception?No. They said it wouldn't be fair to the other students if they let me have more spaceThat's too bad. What are you going to do?I don't know. I could give them an older painting. I do have one that's small enough.Great!Yeah. It's a nice painting and all. It's just that I did it a while ago. My technique has improved a lotsince then. So it wouldn't be my best work or anything. I don't think it's as good as what I'mdoing now.Well, could you maybe do a new painting? A smaller one, by next week, for the show?Yeah. I could. That would be something fresh, something I'd be more proud of. But I'm really busyright now. I've got some exams coming up that I really need to study for.Task6Listen to part of a lecture in a history class.ProfessorWhen early humans wanted to eat meat, they hunted wild animals. That's how humans got meatfor thousands of years. But then around 10,000 years ago, humans began to domesticate animals,that is, they began to control animals, to feed them, to raise them.And the domestication of animals had a number of benefits for early humans. Let's talk about acouple of these benefits.One benefit of animal domestication was that it provided early humans with a more consistent and reliable source of meat. When early humans hunted wild animals, sometimes they were ableto find and catch the animals, but other times they weren't. So the wild animals were not areliable source of meat. But with domesticated animals, meat was always available.For example, goats were one of the first animals to be domesticated. They were easily controlled and organized into herds led by a person, a shepherd. So they could accompany groups of people as they moved from place to place. And whenever the people needed meat, they could eat the goats. They were always available.Another benefit of animal domestication was that domesticated animals could supply a variety offoods other than meat. When early humans hunted wild animals, the only kind of food they gotwas meat. But domesticated animals were able to supply, in addition to meat, other kinds of foodproducts.For example, let's take a look again at domesticated goats. Live goats produce milk, so earlyhumans could collect the milk and drink it. And they could also process the milk and turn it intoother kinds of food, like yogurt and cheese, which could be stored.。
托福TPO49听力Conversation1文本+题目+答案解析
为了帮助大家高效备考托福,为大家带来托福TPO49听力Conversation1文本+题目+答案解析,希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO49听力Conversation1文本 Listen to a conversation between a student and a librarian. Student: Hi, I need to get into special collections, in particular the British Literature.I was working with some of the William Blake books. Librarian: Well, then you must know that access is restricted. Student: Um, I was in a seminar with Professor Gray and she authorized access for us. Librarian: Oh, if that's the case, let me check.Right. Yeah. But it looks like that expired at the end of last semester Student: But I really need to get back in there.See...I didn't quite finish my project. Librarian: Aha! The plot thickens.Well, it's easy enough.Have Professor Gray authorize you again.You see, these editions are rare and shouldn't be handled more than necessary.Can you work from later editions or microfilm? Student: Not really. Actually my project...Well, it involves some annotations in the particular edition here.They haven't been reproduced because they are really not part of the text.You know, they generally clean them up.They are quite hard to see. Librarian: Well, often the characteristics of the manuscripts have been recorded.These types of extraneous markings might also be noted. Student: I don't think they are.They are very faint, and, well, I think I have a new angle on them.There was a study once a long time ago about these notes that everybody else has taken for granted without checking for themselves.I think there might have been a mistake in the past, that they were misread. Librarian: So get Professor Gray... Student: Uh...she's away this semester I had to beg her to give me extra time on this project.I haven't even received a grade in the class yet.And this class is a prerequisite for other classes in my major.I really need to see those books so I can finish this project and get back on course to graduate on time. Librarian: Everybody has special circumstances. Student: Two hours? One hour?I promise to be careful.I just need to look at a few pages with a strong magnifying glass. Librarian: Well, I can’t let you in without authorization from your professor.Can you get in touch with her somehow? Student: Maybe she'd be checking her email.I really thought I would be able to straighten this out without her.You know, she did me a huge favor by giving me the extra time.I feel like I'm skating on thin ice with her. Librarian: You know, you were lucky to have had permission to look at the books last semester.If we don't maintain our policies, they'll disintegrate. Student: I know. Would an email from her or a phone call be good enough? Librarian: Of course. 托福TPO49听力Conversation1题目 1.What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. The student’s difficulties locating sources for a research project B. The topic of the student’s research project C. The student’s request to visit a particular part of the library D. Procedures for requesting different editions of a book 2.Why is the student unable to use later editions or reproductions of a book he mentions? A. The later editions contain errors. B. Professor Gray specified the use of a particular edition. C. The later editions must be requested from another library. D. Reproductions typically omit the specific material he needs. 3.Why is the student reluctant to contact Professor Gray?。
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为了帮助大家高效备考托福,为大家带来托福TPO47听力Conversation1文本+题目+答案解析,希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO47听力Conversation1文本
Narrator:Listen to a conversation between a student and a music director.
Student:Miss Harper?
Director:Yes, can I help you?
Student:Hi, my name's Eric Paterson. I'm a journalism Student. I wanted to ask you about the orchestra.
Director:I'm sorry, Eric. But the orchestra is only open to music majors.
Student:Really? Well, see-
Director:But the policy is changing next year. After that, if you've taken three music courses, you will be able to audition.
Student:Well, I have taken some music courses and I do play the double bass. So, maybe that's something to think about. But, actually, I was here about something else.
Director:Oh, sorry. It's I... I get that question all the time. So...
Student:That's okay. The thing is I work for Magna - the school paper and I am reporting on last week's concert.Now I went to it and I really enjoyed it, but now I'm looking for some background knowledge.
Director:Well, I can refer you to some of the students in the orchestra if you'd like a young musician's point of view.
Student:Uh...l guess that might be helpful. But...um...l am really looking for a little bit of scholarly perspective. Some history of the music that was performed that evening, where it originated, how it's developed over time.
Director:Well, some of our musicians kind of specialize in Appalachian music. In fact, that's part of the reason we performed it. So you really should talk to them, too. Okay, so we were playing Appalachian music from communities in the Appalachian Mountain regions of the United States.
Student:All right.
Director:Uh...Do you really think you can keep these all in your head? Student:Oh, don't worry. All I need are a few key facts. I'm sure I can keep them straight until I get back to my dorm.
Director:So the music is generally based on folk ballads and instrumental dance tunes. It started with Scottish and Irish immigrants who brought over their styles of music. It's called Anglo-Celtic.
Student:So, people brought their musical traditions with them.
Director:Well, this Anglo-Celtic music was considered an important link to the past for these people, which you can see in the way that Appalachian singers sing ballads. They have sort of a nasal quality to them, like in Celtic ballads. In their new land, some of the lyrics were updated, you know, to refer the new locations and the occupations that settlers had in America. But at the same time, lots of ballads were still about castles and royalty, lords and ladies, stuff like that, which is what they were about originally.
Student:Okay. And was that some sort of banjo I saw on stage during the performance?
Director:Yes, we are lucky that one of our student:s, Stewart Telford, has a nineteenth-century banjo, a real antique.He's able to play in most of the traditional styles.Did you know that banjos are of African-American origin and that settlers in Appalachia adopted banjos for their folk music? They became very common in traditional Appalachian music along with guitars and violins, of course. But if you want to learn about that banjo, talk to Stewart.
Student:That's great, Miss Harper. Thanks a lot. Now, can you recommend any sources where I could look up more about this?
Director:Sure, I have a great book. A Student: has it today, but you can borrow it tomorrow if you'd like.
托福TPO47听力Conversation1题目
1.Why does the student go to the woman’s office?
A. To schedule an audition to join an orchestra
B. To ask a question about a music class he is taking
C. To get information for an article he is writing。