常见的修辞格翻译-(1)

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英语修辞学中20种常见修辞格名称双语释义及举例

英语修辞学中20种常见修辞格名称双语释义及举例

What does that lawyer do after he dies?——Lie still. 那个律师死后干什么?──躺着仍说鬼话。(注:lie躺, 撒谎;still安静地, 仍然)
E. oxymoron; zeugma ; contrast
Oxymoron(矛盾修辞法)与汉语中的反映辞格类似,都是将相互矛盾的概念和判断巧妙地联系在一起,以便相互映衬,突出事物的特点,表达复杂的思想感情和意味深长的哲理。矛盾修辞手法在英语中常见,但在汉语中很少见。如:sweet sorrow 忧喜参半 (不是甜蜜的悲伤); proud humility 不卑不亢(不是骄傲的谦卑)
这个项目从一开始就是一个摆脱不了的经济难题。(Albatross是英国诗人柯勒律治的《古舟子咏》中的信天翁,它被忘恩负义的水手杀死后,全船陷入灾难中。)
B. metonymy; transferred epithet Metonymy、synecdoche和_1antonomasia都是不直接说出事物的本来名称,而换用另一个名称或另一个说法。它们大体上相当于汉语的借代(分为旁借和对代两类)。如Crown(王冠)可喻指君主、王权、王国政府等;doll(玩具)可喻指姑娘、宝贝等。再如:
as thick as thieves亲密无间(不是"像贼一样厚")
as old as the hills古老 (不是"像山一样老")
The ship plows the sea. 船在乘风破浪地前进。(不是"船在犁海")
Allusion与汉语的暗引相近似。其特点是不注明来源和出处,一般多引用人们熟知的关键词或词组,将其融合编织在作者的话语中。引用的东西包括典故、谚语、成语、格言和俗语等。英语引用最多的是源出《圣经》故事以及希腊、罗马神话、《伊索寓言》和那些渊源流长的谚语、格言等。例如:

汉英修辞对比与翻译(1)

汉英修辞对比与翻译(1)

除旅游点的介绍和广告外,新闻报道、法律文献、 科技文章等也都要求简洁明了,忌节外生枝,因 此四字词组也广泛应用于这几类文体中。 外交人员要立场坚定、目光远大、头脑敏捷、业 外交人员要立场坚定、目光远大、头脑敏捷、业 务熟练、才华出众、风格高尚。 务熟练、才华出众、风格高尚。 A Chinese diplomat should be firm in stand, broad in vision, swift in wit, qualified in profession, outstanding in talent, and noble in character.
1 汉英音韵修辞格(phonological 汉英音韵修辞格(phonological rhetorical devices)
在语音四要素音量、音势、音高、音色中, 在语音四要素音量、音势、音高、音色中, 音色是各种语言都重视的。 音色是各种语言都重视的。英语是音势敏感 的语言,而汉语是音高敏感的语言, 的语言,而汉语是音高敏感的语言,因此英 语强调重音,汉语成为典型的声调语, 语强调重音,汉语成为典型的声调语,声调 对字、 句各级单位的组成都有影响。 对字、词、句各级单位的组成都有影响。英 语是重音计时的(stress-timed), ),每一语 语是重音计时的(stress-timed),每一语 句虽是重音和轻音交替出现, 句虽是重音和轻音交替出现,但仍以重读音 节为主。汉语是以音节计时的(syllable节为主。汉语是以音节计时的(syllabletimed),音节数是韵律的基础。 timed),音节数是韵律的基础。 ),音节数是韵律的基础
汉英语拟声词对比
(1)语音形式对比 汉英相似: 汉英相似: 狼嚎 鸽子咕咕 咯咯 关门声:砰 铃声:丁零 howl Coo Giggle, gurgle Bang Tingling

英语修辞格

英语修辞格

英语修辞格英语修辞格是运用特定的修辞手法和技巧来增强表达效果和语言的艺术感的一种文学表达方式。

常见的英语修辞格有以下几种:1. 比喻(Metaphor):通过将一个词语或短语用于其本来意义以外的其他事物上,来达到描绘或表达的目的。

例如,“他是我的阳光”(He is my sunshine)。

2. 拟人(Personification):赋予非生物或抽象事物以人的特征和行为,以增加形象感。

例如,“大海呼唤着我”(The ocean calls out to me)。

3. 比较(Simile):通过使用"like"或"as"等介词来进行比较。

例如,“他像一颗流星,闪耀着美丽的光芒”。

4. 反复(Repetition):通过反复使用相同的词语或短语,来强调和重申某个观点或思想。

例如,“我要尽力、尽力、再尽力”。

5. 双关(Pun):利用一个单词或短语在不同语境中的多义性,制造出幽默或双重意义。

例如,“时间都去哪儿了?它去吃饭了。

”6. 排比(Parallelism):通过使用相同的结构、格式或语法,来组织句子和表达思想,形成节奏感和增加强度。

例如,“今天我学会了爬行,学会了站立,学会了行走”。

7. 夸张(Hyperbole):通过夸大事物的特征和情况,来制造出夸张、强烈的效果。

例如,“我等了一万年才见到你”。

8. 反问(Rhetorical Question):利用问句的形式来表达观点或意见,不要求回答,但更多是用来强调说话者的说法。

例如,“难道我们不都是人吗?”这些修辞格可以增加语言的表达力、形象感、感染力和艺术感,使文学作品或演讲更具有吸引力和影响力。

英语常用修辞格的翻译

英语常用修辞格的翻译

省略;Ellipsis

eg:妈妈让他洗碗,她就不洗。 译文:Mother tells her to wash the dishes, but she will not(do it)
移就;Transferred Epithet

把本来用以修饰人的形容词移属于同人有关的抽象物 或具体物,这种貌似错误、实为妙用的修辞格叫做 “移就”(Transferred Epithet),它通过词语巧妙 的“移植”,来取得常规搭配所无法得到的效果。


转喻;Metonymy
Biblioteka eg: 秃头站在白背心的略略正对面,弯了腰, 去研究背心上的文字。(鲁迅:《示众》) 译文:Baldy,standing almost directly opposite White Jerkin,stooped to study the characters written on his jerkin. 有时采用意译更为合适 eg: 英雄所见略同。 译文:Great minds think alike.


递升;Climax
把事物按由小到大、由短到长、由低到高、由轻到重、由近 到远、由易到难、由浅到深等次序说下去,这种修辞手法叫 递升,英语里称作 climax。运用这一修辞手法,能够使要表 达的思想逐步加深、感情逐步强化,因而能增强语言的说服 力和感染力。 eg:事情就是这样,他来进攻,我们把他消灭了,他就舒服了。 消灭一点,舒服一点;消灭得多,舒服得多;彻底消灭,彻 底舒服。( 毛泽东:《关于重庆谈判》) 译文:This is the way things are:if they attack and we wipe them out,they will have that satisfaction;wipe out some,some satisfaction;wipe out more,more satisfaction;wipe out the whole lot,complete satisfaction.

常用英语修辞格

常用英语修辞格

1.生动形象的Simile(明喻)2.含而不露的Metaphor(隐喻)3.无灵有灵的Personification(拟人)4.结构精巧的Transferred Epithet(移就)5.蕴涵新意的Synecdoche(提喻)6.明抑暗扬的Understatement(低调陈述)7.闪烁其词的Euphemism(委婉)8.强化语意的Hyperbole(夸张)9.含蓄典雅的Allusion(引喻)10.相映相衬的Antithesis(对照) 11.排迭匀称的Parallelism(平行)12.发人深思的Paradox(隽语)13.矛盾统一的Oxymoron(矛盾修饰)14.妙趣横生的Anticlimax(突降)15.一唱三叹的Repetition(重复)16.音律优美的Alliteration(头韵)17.一语两意的Pun(双关)18.冷嘲热讽的Irony(反语)19.趣味盎然的Parody(仿拟)20.化腐为奇的Zeugma(轭式搭配)1明喻(Simile)明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法,是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比,表明本体和喻体的关系,两者都在对比中出现,其基本格式是“A像B”,常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though等。

例如:●He jumped back as if he had been stung, and the blood rushed into his wrinkled face.(他往后一跳,好像被什么东西叮了一下似的,他那张布满皱纹的脸顿时涨得通红。

)●The che que fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. (支票跌落到地上,像一只断了翅膀的小鸟。

)2暗喻(Metaphor)暗喻也是一种比喻,但不用比喻词,因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。

英语修辞的翻译

英语修辞的翻译

提喻 (synecdoche)
No one grasped you by the shoulder while there was still time; and naught will awaken in you the sleeping poet or musician or astronomer that possibly inhabited you from the begi得目瞪口呆的事。他体内充 满创造力的魔鬼不停地挣扎,挥舞魔爪又抓 又挖,试图冲出体外。魔鬼一边撕扯,一边 尖声狂叫,要他谱写藏于体内的乐曲。他遭 受这般折腾,可是他那可怜的脑袋和身躯却 没有被压跨,岂不奇哉怪也。
双关 (Pun)
--What does that lawyer do after he dies? --Lie still.
矛盾(Oxymoron)
3. Parting is such sweet sorrow. (Romeo) 别离是如此地又甜蜜又令人心酸。
4. We are terribly pleased to hear the good news. 我们听到这一好消息真是欣喜若狂。
委婉(Euphemism)
1. That luster has taken a fancy to Middle Eastern dancing. 那个好色之徒现在开始喜欢看肚皮舞。
也许你一生下来就具有成为诗人、音乐家或天 文学家的天赋,但在时间还不算晚的时候,没 有人拉你一把,时机一过,就再也无法唤醒在 你身上沉睡着的才能了。
转喻(Metonymy)
转喻又称借代。它故意不用需要说的人或 物的本称,而是借用与该人或物密切相关 的事物来代替。
“A figure of speech that consists in using the name of one thing for that of something else with which it is associated.” (Webster’s New World Dictionary)

翻译中常见的修辞格

翻译中常见的修辞格

翻译中常见的修辞格由于我们精通汉语,所以英语写作中有各种各样的修辞手法。

今天,我将向你介绍20种最常见的英语修辞格。

仔细体验它们,并尝试在您的作文中使用它们:1、Simile 明喻明喻是指具有共同特征的不同事物的比较,共同特征存在于人的内心而非事物的自然属性。

标志词常用:like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as 等。

举个例子1. I wandered lonely as astay dog.我像一只流浪狗一样孤独地四处漂泊。

2. Einstein likes to put a cloak on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 爱因斯坦喜欢披着斗篷,就好像刚刚从童话故事中走出来。

2、metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成。

举个例子1. Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.希望是顿美好的早餐,但却是一顿糟糕的晚餐。

2. Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.一些书需要被“浅尝辄止”地阅读,另一些需要被“狼吞虎咽”般地阅读;很少一部分需要被“细嚼慢咽”地阅读。

3、metaphor 隐喻,暗喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.举个例子1. 以容器代替内容,例如:1)The kettle boils.水开了。

2)The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着。

2. 以资料、工具代替事物的名称,例如:Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说。

3. 以代替作品,例如:a plete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集4. 以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱。

英语中所有26种修辞手法的全部解释和例句

英语中所有26种修辞手法的全部解释和例句

英语修辞手法总结Figures of speech (修辞)are ways of making our language figurative. When we use words in other than their ordinary or literal sense to lend force to an idea, to heighten effect, orto create suggestive imagery, we are said to be speaking or writing figuratively. Now we are going to talk about some common forms of figures of speech.1) Simile:(明喻)It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country.2) Metaphor:(暗喻)It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the worldis a stage.3) Analogy: (类比)It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance.4) Personification: (拟人)It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(赋予) to inanimate(无生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象). For example, the wind whistled through the trees.5) Hyperbole: (夸张) It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis. For instance, he almost died laughing.6) Understatement: (含蓄陈述) It is the opposite of hyperbole, or overstatement. Itachieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately(故意地) understating it,impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement. For instance, It is no laughing matter.7) Euphemism: (委婉) It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(无冒犯) expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. For instance, we refer to "die" as " pass away".8) Metonymy (转喻)It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of another. For instance, the pen (words) is mightier than the sword (forces).9) Synecdoche (提喻) It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or thewhole for the part. For instance, they say there's bread and work for all. She was dressedin silks.10) Antonomasia (换喻)It has also to do with substitution. It is not often mentioned now, though it is still in frequent use. For example, Solomon for a wise man. Daniel for a wise and fair judge. Judas for a traitor.11) Pun: (双关语) It is a play on words, or rather a play on the form and meaning of words. For instance, a cannon-ball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (Here "arms" has two meanings: a person's body; weapons carried by a soldier.)12) Syllepsis: (一语双叙) It has two connotations.In the first case, it is a figure by which a word, or a particular form or inflection of a word, refers to two or more words in the same sentence, while properly applying to or agreeing with only on of them in grammar or syntax(句法). For example, He addressed you and me, and desired us to follow him. (Here us is used to refer to you and me.)In the second case, it a word may refer to two or more words in the same sentence. For example, while he was fighting , and losing limb and mind, and dying, others stayed behind to pursue education and career. (Here to losing one's limbs in literal; to lose one's mindis figurative, and means to go mad.)13) Zeugma: (轭式搭配) It is a single word which is made to modify or to govern two or more words in the same sentence, wither properly applying in sense to only one of them, orapplying to them in different senses. For example, The sun shall not burn you by day, nor the moon by night. (Here noon is not strong enough to burn)14) Irony: (反语) It is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual sense. For instance, we are lucky, what you said makes me feel real good.15) Innuendo: (暗讽) It is a mild form of irony, hinting in a rather roundabout (曲折)way at something disparaging(不一致) or uncomplimentary(不赞美) to the person or subject mentioned. For example, the weatherman said it would be worm. He must take his readings in a bathroom.16) Sarcasm: (讽刺) It Sarcasm is a strong form of irony. It attacks in a taunting and bitter manner, and its aim is to disparage, ridicule and wound the feelings of the subject attacked. For example, laws are like cobwebs, which may catch small flies, but let wasps break through.17) Paradox: (似非而是的隽语) It is a figure of speech consisting of a statement or proposition which on the face of it seems self-contradictory, absurd or contrary to established fact or practice, but which on further thinking and study may prove to be true, well-founded, and even to contain a succinct point. For example more haste, less speed.18) Oxymoron: (矛盾修饰) It is a compressed paradox, formed by the conjoining(结合) of two contrasting, contradictory or incongruous(不协调) terms as in bitter-sweet memories, orderly chaos(混乱) and proud humility(侮辱).19) Antithesis: (对照) It is the deliberate arrangement of contrasting words or ideas in balanced structural forms to achieve emphasis. For example, speech is silver; silence is golden.20) Epigram: (警句) It states a simple truth pithily(有利地) and pungently(强烈地). It is usually terse and arouses interest and surprise by its deep insight into certain aspects of human behavior or feeling. For instance, Few, save the poor, feel for the poor.21) Climax: (渐进) It is derived from the Greek word for "ladder" and implies the progression of thought at a uniform or almost uniform rate of significance or intensity,like the steps of a ladder ascending evenly. For example, I came, I saw, I conquered.22) Anti-climax or bathos: (突降)It is the opposite of Climax. It involves stating one's thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity, from strong to weak, from weighty to light or frivolous. For instance, But thousands die, without or this or that, die, and endow(赋予) a college, or a cat.23) Apostrophe: (顿呼) In this figure of speech, a thing, place, idea or person (dead or absent) is addressed as if present, listening and understanding what is being said. For instance, England! awake! awake! awake!24) Transferred Epithet: (转类形容词) It is a figure of speech where an epithet (anadjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from the noun it should rightly modify(修饰) to another to which it does not really apply or belong. For instance, I spent sleeplessnights on my project.25) Alliteration: (头韵) It has to do with the sound rather than the sense of words for effect. It is a device that repeats the same sound at frequent intervals(间隔) and since the sound repeated is usually the initial consonant sound, it is also called "front rhyme". For instance, the fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, the furrow followed free.26) Onomatopoeia: (拟声) It is a device that uses words which imitate the sounds made by an object (animate or inanimate), or which are associated with or suggestive(提示的) of some action or movementExplanation version1一、什么是修辞格修辞格(figures of speech)是提高语言表达效果的语言艺术。

英语常见修辞格分类总结

英语常见修辞格分类总结

英语常见修辞格分类总结**《英语常见修辞格分类总结工作总结(一)》**在英语学习和使用中,修辞格的运用就像是给语言穿上了华丽的衣服,让表达变得更加生动有趣。

**一、明喻(Simile)让表达更加形象**我觉得明喻这个修辞格就像一个放大镜,能把事物的特点放大,让人们看得更清楚。

就像莎士比亚在他的作品中经常使用明喻,“Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?(我能否将你比作夏日?)”他把心爱的人比作夏天,夏天有着美好的阳光、温暖的气息,这样一比喻,我们就能深刻感受到他对爱人那种热烈的喜爱之情。

我自己在写英语作文或者描述事物的时候,也试着用明喻。

比如说描述一个很害羞的女孩,我会写“S he is like a timid little rabbit.(她就像一只胆小的小兔子)”。

这一下就能让读者在脑海中勾勒出这个女孩害羞的模样。

每次我用明喻的时候,就感觉像是在给读者画一幅画,把我看到的、感受到的,用一种很直观的方式传递给他们。

**二、隐喻(Metaphor)蕴含更深的含义**隐喻啊,它有点像一个神秘的宝藏盒。

表面上看只是普通的一句话,但里面却藏着很深的意义。

拿马丁·路德·金来说,他的演讲中就有很多隐喻。

他说“I have a dream that one da y this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: 'We hold these truths to beself - evident, that all men are created equal.'(我有一个梦想,有一天这个国家会站起来,实现其信条的真正含义:我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的,即人人生而平等。

)”这里把美国这个国家的发展隐喻为一个人的“站起来”,暗示着国家走向平等和正义。

第七讲 修辞格的翻译1

第七讲 修辞格的翻译1
heart. 那次长谈之后,吉姆成了她心中的太阳。第七讲 修辞格的翻译1
汉语的暗喻和英语的暗喻都不露比喻的 痕迹,把甲直接说成 “ 是”乙或“变成 了”乙,常用的喻词在汉语里有 “是”、 “变成”、“变为”、“成为”、“成 了”、“当作”等,英语里常用 “be”作 喻词,也用 “become”,“turn into”等 词语。暗喻在翻译中一般也可采取直译。
第七讲 修辞格的翻译1
夸张; Hyperbole 1)我从乡下跑到京城里,一转眼已经六年
了。(鲁迅:《一件小事》)Six years have passed by in a twinkle since I
came to the capital city from the countryside.
第七讲 修辞格的翻译1
英语里 as ... as ...结构的明喻大多可以 直译 :
as cold as ice 冰冷 as hot as fire 火热 as hard as rock 坚如磐石 as light as feather 轻如鸿毛
第七讲 修辞格的翻译1
下面的直译生动形象,也能被中国读者 所理解接受:
第七讲 修辞格的翻译1
折绕;Periphrasis 1) “孔乙己,你脸上又添上新伤疤了!”(鲁迅:
《孔乙己》)(“ 添上新伤疤”意为 “又挨
打了”。)“Kong Yiji! You’ve got fresh scars
on your face!” 2) 胡思乱想,一夜也不曾合眼。(曹雪芹:
1) He has provided the poor with jobs,with opportunity,with self-respect. (在 with selfrespect 之前省去了连词 and。)他给穷人提 供了工作,提供了机会,提供了自尊。

英语辞格在翻译中的应用

英语辞格在翻译中的应用
定义:
辞格就是所有的修辞方式、修辞手 法,也称修辞格。 常见的辞格有几下几种:
1
明喻(simile)
2
暗喻(metaphor)
3
夸张(hyperbole)
4
双关(pun)
5
委婉(euphemism)
6
移就(transferred epithet)
1.明喻(simile)
为了鲜明,形象地刻画某一事物,人们常 将具有共同特征或相似特征的两种不同事 物加以对比,并尝试用另一种事物比喻所 要说明的事物。在修辞学上,这种对比被 称之为明喻。 明喻的通常模式是:本体+比喻词+喻体。
例2:
If we haven't got any money, we can't buy a television. It's as plain as the nose on your face. 译:没有钱我们就不能买电视机。就e nose on your face在汉 语中不能直接地翻译过来,但可以借用汉 语同样的表达方式“秃子头上的虱子”。
miserable 移情于物,在表层结构上修饰 的是物,在深层结构上修饰的是人,即悲 惨的是我。
例2:
The old man lay all night on his sleepless bed. 译:老人躺在床上,彻夜未眠。 “sleepless bed”不能译为不眠的床
Conclusion
用修辞手法可以使句子更加生动形 象,引人入胜,同时也能丰富我们 的表达。
5.委婉(euphemism)
在现实生活中,有一些事物或行为不宜过 于直率地表达出来,于是用一种不明说的, 能使人感到愉快的或含糊的说法,代替具 有令人不悦的含义或不够尊敬的表达方法。

英文常见的修辞格

英文常见的修辞格

常见的修辞格Simile (明喻)Simile is a figure of speech involving a comparison between two or more things whic h are essentially different but have at least one property or characteristic in common.Words like as, as...as, as if, as though,( just) as... so, and like are the commonly us ed expressions to make the comparison.In writing the writer may compare something abstract to something concrete, someth ing remote to something proximal, something unfamiliar to something familiar, and so forth.e.g. That man can’t be trusted. He’s as slippery as an eel.The old man’s hair is as white as snow.Metaphor(暗喻/隐喻)Metaphor involves a comparison between two or more unlike things which share at le ast one property or characteristic, but the comparison is not explicitly stated. Instead, it is implied or condensed.e.g. There were a few lordly poplars(白杨树)before the house.He often prefaced his remarks by “I can’t help thinking…”★the leg of a tablePersonification (拟人)Personification is a figure of speech that gives human attribute or feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes to inanimate objects, or to ideas and abstractions. It can make the description more vivid and more impressive.e.g. This time fate is smiling to him.Dusk came stealthily.Metonymy (换喻)Metonymy involves the change of name. In other words, this figure of speech involve s the substitution of the name of one thing for that of another. The substituted nam e may be an attribute of the other thing or be closely related with it.e.g. When the war was over, he laid down the sword and took up the pen.His purse would not allow him that luxury.Synecdoche(提喻)Synecdoche, in contrast to metonymy, is a substitution of the part for the whole and the whole for the part.e.g. The farms were short of hands during the harvest season.Germany beat Argentina 2 to 1 in this exciting football match. Euphemism (婉言)Euphemism is a figure of speech which involves the substitution of an agreeable or in offensive expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. The t opics most likely to be substituted are illnesses, death, old age, toilet habits, poverty and unemployment, menial jobs or professions of low social standing, political and mil itary activities, and so on.e.g. to die——to pass away; to leave usold people——senior citizensmad——emotionally disturbeddustman——sanitation workerLavatory——bathroom; men’s/women’s roomInvasion——military actionHyperbole (夸大、夸张)Hyperbole is a figure of speech which involves a deliberate use of exaggeration to ac hieve emphasis.e.g. She is dying to know what job has been assigned her.On hearing that he had been admitted to that famous university, he whi spered to himself, “I’m the luckiest man in the world.”Understatement (缩小)Understatement is just the opposite of hyperbole. It achieves emphasis by deliberately understating a fact.e.g.It took a few dollars to build this indoor swimming pool.“He is really strange,” his friends said when they heard he had divorced his pretty and loving wife.Transferred epithet (移位修饰)Transferred epithet is a figure of speech where an adjective or descriptive phrase is t ransferred from the noun it should modify to another to which it does not really appl y or belong.e.g.She was so worried about her son that she spent several sleepless nights.The assistant kept a respectful distance form his boss when they were walk ing in the corridor.He said “Yes” to the question in an unthinking moment.The old man put a reassuring hand on my shoulder.Oxymoron (矛盾修饰)Oxymoron is a compressed paradox, involving the co-occurrence of two contrasting, c ontradictory or incongruous terms.e.g. She read the long-awaited letter with a tearful smile.When the news of the failure came, all his friends said that it was a vict orious defeat.Alliteration(头韵)A sequence of words beginning with the same sound, especially as used in poetry. e.g. I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.The Russian danger is therefore our danger,… just as the cause of any Ru ssian fighting for his hearth and home is the cause of free men and free peoples in every quarter of the globe.Pun (双关)Pun is a figure of speech involving a play on the form and meaning of words. It is u sually amusing and makes your writing more colorful.e.g. One swallow doesn’t make a summer, but it sure warms you on a cold winter d ay.-- What are the differences between men and women?-- Can you conceive?Irony (反讽、反语)Irony is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis or amusing effect by saying the o pposite of what is meant or intended.e.g. a very fat man -- “skinny”a very thin man -- “fat”.“Oh, how I enjoy the freezing weather!” (Actually they hate it. )Paradox (似非而是)Paradox is a figure of speech where a seemingly self-contradictory and absurd statem ent or proposition is used to express something which is true, well-founded or succinc t. This is a twisted expression, so the reader can only arrive at its real meaning upo n further thinking.e.g. The Child is father of the Man.I can resist anything but temptation.Parallelism (平行)Parallelism is a rhetorical device which employs the deliberate arrangement of a succe ssion of parallel construction to achieve emphasis.e.g. We will never parley, we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang. W e shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, un til, with God’s help, we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its people fro m his yoke.Antithesis (对立)Antithesis is a figure of speech where contrasting words or ideas are deliberately arr anged in balanced structural form to achieve emphasis.e.g. Marry in haste, repent in leisure.To err is human, to forgive divine.Rhetorical questions 反问A rhetorical question is a question the answer of which is self-evident and hence seld om demands an explicit answer. This rhetorical device is often used to express the in dignation or astonishment of the speaker / writer or to make argumentation or persu asion more powerful.e.g. But sometimes she would sit by the window and think of the evening long ago. What would have happened if she had never lost those jewels? Who knows?If God be for us, who can be against us?。

第二节修辞格的翻译 (1)

第二节修辞格的翻译 (1)

第二节修辞格的翻译英汉翻译中,修辞格的翻译往往比较棘手。

原因是英语修辞格一般都具有形式独特新异、内容形象丰富、功能生动鲜明等特点。

用汉语把所有这些要素都翻译出来自然比较困难。

这时就要坚持首先保证内容、其次尽量保留原文效果、最后力争形式妥贴的原则。

根据这一原则,修辞格的翻译一般有直译法、解释法、意译法、替换法等。

6.2.1直译法修辞格的翻译直译法应为首选。

例如下面一些句子:1. His present hunger awoke and gnawed at him.这会儿,他肚子里的饥饿又苏醒过来撕咬着他。

2. Of me, my mother would say, with characteristic restraint, "This bandit. He doesn't even have to open a book---'A' in everything. Albert Einstein the Second."至于我,母亲总是以特有的矜持说:"这小鬼头,他甚至连书本都不消打开──门门都是优秀,真是个活脱脱的爱因斯坦。

"3. The Dutchman was six-foot, a great, red-faced,hot-tempered trek-ox of a man.那荷兰人身高六英尺,大块头,红脸膛,暴脾气,简直是一头拉车的公牛。

4. The parental discipline can be described as cruel kindness.父母的惩戒可以说是残酷的仁慈。

5. Safety will be the sturdy child of terror, and survival the twin brother of annihilation.安全是恐怖的健壮婴儿,生存是毁灭的孪生兄弟。

6. The plays adapted from Greek tragedies and Shakespearean drama by Suzuki, although performed in Japanese, caused a big stir among the western audience with their strange and cruel beauty.铃木正改编自希腊悲剧和莎士比亚戏剧的剧作,虽然以日语演出,但那种奇异而残酷的美,却在西方观众中引起了轰动。

修辞格的翻译方法

修辞格的翻译方法

修辞格的翻译方法修辞格在文学创作中起着非常重要的作用,它可以增添语言的美感和表达的深度。

然而,在翻译修辞格时可能会遇到一些困难,因为不同语言之间的文化差异和语法结构的不同会影响到修辞格的表达。

本文将探讨一些常见的修辞格,并提供相应的翻译方法。

1. 比喻比喻是一种常用的修辞格,它通过将一个事物与另一个事物进行类比,来传达一种特定的意义。

在翻译比喻时,译者可以采用直译、意译或借用文化隐喻的方法。

直译可以保留原文的意思,但可能会使翻译变得生硬。

意译可以根据目标语言的习惯表达方式,转换成与原文相似的比喻。

借用文化隐喻则是利用目标语言中的习语或典故,以更好地传达比喻的意义。

2. 拟人拟人是指将非人类事物赋予人类特征和行为的修辞格。

在翻译拟人时,译者可以采用拟人化翻译、反过来拟人化或进行象征性的表达。

拟人化翻译将非人类事物描写成具有人类特征的形象,以增强读者对其感知。

反过来拟人化则是将人类事物描写成具有非人类特征的形象,以达到修辞效果。

象征性的表达则是通过使用象征性的词语或句子,来传达拟人的意义。

3. 反问反问是一种通过提出问题来强调某种观点或表达强烈情感的修辞格。

在翻译反问时,译者可以保留原文的问句形式,或将其转换为断定句来传达其强调的意义。

保留问句形式可以更好地传达原文的情感色彩,但可能会影响到读者的理解。

转换为断定句则可以更直接地表达反问的意义,但可能会丧失一部分原文的情感。

4. 倍数修辞倍数修辞是指通过使用倍数来强调数量或程度的修辞格。

在翻译倍数修辞时,译者可以保留原文的倍数表达,或根据目标语言的习惯表达方式进行转换。

保留倍数表达可以更好地传达原文的程度或数量,但可能会使翻译变得生硬。

转换为目标语言的习惯表达方式则可以更好地适应读者的阅读习惯,但可能会丧失一部分原文的修辞效果。

总结起来,翻译修辞格时,译者应根据具体情况选择适当的翻译方法。

直译可以保留原文的意思,意译可以更好地适应目标语言的表达方式,借用文化隐喻和象征性表达则可以利用目标语言的文化背景和习语,来传达修辞格的意义。

有关英语的修辞表达剖析

有关英语的修辞表达剖析

一.相似或关联修辞格(figures of resemblance or relationship)(一)allegory ['ælɪg(ə)rɪ](讽喻;寓言)(二)allusion [ə'luːʒ(ə)n; -'ljuː-](引喻)(三)analogy [ə'nælədʒɪ(类比;比拟)(四)animism ['ænɪmɪz(ə)m](比拟;卡通法;动画法)(五)antonomasia [,æntənə'meɪzɪə; æn,tɒnə-] (借代;换称)(六)conceit [kən'siːt](比附比喻)(七)dysphemism ['disfimizəm](贬损;贬抑)(八)enallage [en'ælədʒɪ](替换)(九)euphemism ['juːfəmɪz(ə)m](委婉)(十)fable ['feɪb(ə)l](寓言)(十一)homericsimile(荷马风格式明喻)(十二)kenning ['kenɪŋ](迂说)(十三)metalepsis [,metə'lepsɪs](借代;转义)(十四)metaphor(隐喻)(十五)metaphor(1)deadmetaphor(融合隐喻终休隐喻)(十六)metaphor(2),alivemetaphor(鲜活隐喻)(十七)metaphor(3),extendedmetaphor(延展隐喻)(十八)metaphor(4),mixedmetaphor(矛盾隐喻)(十九)metaphor(5),metaphorofsuccessionwithoutconfusion(协调隐喻)(二十)metaphor(6),personal(anthropomorphic)metaphor(拟人隐喻)(二十一)metaphor(7),submergedmetaphor(潜性隐喻)(二十二)metaphor(8),organicmetaphor(象征隐喻)(二十三)metaphor(9),telescopedmetaphor(联珠隐喻)(二十四)metaphor(10),sustainedmetaphor(强进隐喻)(二十五)metaphor(11),diminishingmetaphor(玄学派隐喻)(二十六)metonymy(借代;换喻)(二十七)parable(比喻;寓言)(二十八)personification(拟人)(二十九)personification(1)prosopopoeia(拟人)(三十)personification(2)patheticfallacy(拟人)(三十一)personification(3),apostrophe(呼语)(三十二)personification(4)invocation(呼求;乞灵;祈求)(三十三)phanopoeia(示现)(三十四)simile(明喻)(三十五)simile(1),epicsimile(史诗明喻)(三十六)simile(2),homericsimile(荷马风格式明喻)(三十七)synecdoche(借代;提喻)(三十八)trope(比喻)强调或含蓄修辞格(figuresofemphasisorunder-statement)(一)adynation(玄乎夸张)(二)asyndeton(连词省略)(三)adversativeasyndeton(反意连词省略)(四)amplification(渲染夸张)(五)anastrophe(倒装)(六)anticlimax(突降)(七)antiphrasis(倒词)(八)antistoichon(对照)(九)antithesis(对照)(十)aphorism(格言;警句)(十一)apophasis(阳舍阴取;欲取姑舍)(十二)apostrophe(呼语)(十三)invocation(呼求;乞灵)(十四)autoclesis(阳舍阴取;欲取姑舍)(十五)auxesis(夸张)(十六)bathos(突降;弄巧成拙)(十七)climax(阶升)(十八)contrast(比较;反衬)(十九)correction(补充)(二十)pairingsynonym(同义词配搭)(二十一)epanorthosis(补充;补证)(二十二)epigram(隽语)(二十三)jeud’esprit(隽语)(二十四)euphuism(尤菲绮斯体;绮丽体)(二十五)exaggeration(夸张)(二十六)exergasia(尤菲绮斯体;绮丽体)(二十七)hyperbaton(倒装)(二十八)hyperbole(夸张)(二十九)innuendo(暗贬;暗讽)(三十)inversion(倒装)(三十一)irony(悖反)(三十二)irony(1),verbalirony(措辞悖反反语)(三十三)irony(2),situationalirony(情况悖反)(三十四)irony(3),dramaticirony(戏剧性悖反)(三十五)irony(4),tragicirony(悲剧性悖反)(三十六)irony(5),comicirony(喜剧性悖反)(三十七)irony(6),cosmicirony(命运悖反)(三十八)irony(7),theironyoffate(命运悖反)(三十九)irony(8),worldirony(命运悖反)(四十)irony(9),philosophicalirony(命运悖反)(四十一)irony(10),romanticirony(浪漫性悖反)(四十二)irony(11)socraticirony(苏格拉底式悖反)(四十三)irony(12),rhetoricalirony(措词悖反;反语)(四十四)irony(13),dialecticalirony(辩证悖反)(四十五)litotes(含蓄肯定;含蓄悖反)(四十六)meiosis(含蓄陈述)(四十七)negation(含蓄肯定)(四十八)oxymoron(矛盾修饰;精警)(四十九)paradox(矛盾隽语;警策)(五十)paraleipsis(假省略真强调)(五十一)paralepsis(假省略真强调)(五十二)paralipsis(假省略真强调)(五十三)preterition(假省略真强调)(五十四)sarcasm(讽刺)(五十五)satire(讽刺;嘲讽)(五十六)satire(1)horatiansatire(贺拉斯式讽刺)(五十七)satire(2)juvenaliansatire(朱维诺尔式讽刺)(五十八)satire(3)indirectsatire(间接讽刺)(五十九)syncrisis(比较;对照)(六十)syneciosis(对照;反衬)(六十一)systrophe(定义堆累)(六十二)tapinosis(明夸暗损)(六十三)understatement(含蓄陈述)(六十四)vision(示现)三.语音修辞格(figuresofsound)(一)alliteration(头韵)(二)assonance(准押韵)(三)consonance(谐音)(四)dissonance(噪音)(五)repetition(重复)(六)repetition(1),anadiplosis(尾首重复;联珠;顶针)(七)repetition(2)anaphora(首语重复)(八)repetition(3),antanaclasis(原词多义)(九)repetition(4),catchwordrepetition(尾首重复;联珠;顶针)(十)repetition(5),chiasmus(颠倒重复)(十一)repetition(6),correction(矫正重复)(十二)repetition(7),cumulation(同意重复)(十三)repetition(8),echo(回声重复)(十四)repetition(9),epanadiplosis(首词尾复)(十五)repetition(10),epanalepsi(嵌插重复)(十六)repetition(11),epanaphora(首语重复)(十七)repetition(12),epanastrophe(尾首重复)(十八)repetition(13),epanodos(逆转重复)(十九)repetition(14),epanorthosis(矫正重复)(二十)repetition(15),epidiplosis(首词尾复)(二十一)repetition(16),epiphora(尾语重复)(二十二)repetition(17),epistrophe(尾语重复)(二十三)repetition(18),epizeuxis(紧接重复)(二十四)repetition(19),gemination(紧接重复)(二十五)repetition(20)gradation(尾首重复;层递重复)(二十六)repetition(21)identicalrhyme(原词押韵)(二十七)repetition(22),incrementalrepetition(歌谣重复;悬念重复)(二十八)repetition(23),ploce(原词多义;同语新义)(二十九)repetition(24),palilogy(紧接重复;嵌插重复)(三十)repetition(25),paregmenon(同源重复)(三十一)repetition(26),regression(逆转重复)(三十二)repetition(27),symploce(首语、尾语合并重复)(三十三)repetition(28),polyoptoton(转化重复)(三十四)repetition(29),tautology(累赘重复)(三十五)repetition(30),refrain(叠句重复)(三十六)onomatopoeia(摹声)(三十七)melopoeia(音响辅义)四.文字游戏修辞格(verbalgame andgymnas-tics )(一)ambiguity(意中寓意;双关)(二)anagram (拆词命意)(三)antistrophe(同语颠倒重复)(四)doubleentendre(黄色双关)(五)hendiadys(双词单意)(六)hypallage(移就)(七)palindrome(回文)(八)parody(仿拟)(九)paronomasia(双关)(十)portmanteauword(熔合词)(十一)prolepsis(预言示现)(十二)pun(双关)(十三)quibble(双关)(十四)quip(双关)(十五)reverse(易位)(十六)syllepsis(1)(一词多叙)(十七)syllepsis92)(兼顾)(十八)transferredepithet(移就)(十九)zeugma(拈连)五误用收效修辞格(rhetoricalexploitationoferrors)(一)anachronism(超前夸张)(二)bull(言辞矛盾)(三)catachresis(滥用比喻)(四)circumlocution(迂曲)(五)malapropism(误换)(六)metathesis(音位转换)(七)mimesis(模仿)(八)periphrasis(迂曲)(九)spoonerism(字母误换)六.描绘性词语(descriptivewords)(一)bulk(体积描摹)(二)characteristicapposition(特征性同位语)(三)descriptivewords(描写性词语)(四)epexegesis(诠注)(五)epithet(属性词语)(六)homericepithets(荷马式属性词语)英语同源修辞格是一种特殊的重复修辞手法。

英语常用修辞格的翻译分析

英语常用修辞格的翻译分析
1. 那男孩像只蜗牛慢慢向前挪动,嘟哝着不愿去上学。2. 那男孩一动不动地呆着。3. 我们为那伟大的一文不值的信念而死。4. -- 那个律师死后能干什么? (1)--静静地躺着。 (2)--躺着说鬼话。
quiet, light, fresh ,blind, clear, stubborn, cunning, old ,slippery, busy
明喻 Simile
英语中的simile和汉语明喻基本格式相同,一般情况下,可以照直翻译。as busy as bee 像蜜蜂一样忙碌as brave as lion 像狮子一样勇猛as black as crow 像乌鸦一般黑as sharp as knife 像刀一样锋利
英语比喻美感的再现应以比喻内容为基础,发掘比喻美的真正所在,同时致力于形式的表现,尽可能用“形神兼备”的翻译来传神达意。在实在不可能“形似”时,要在“神似”的条件下,竭力用其它方法和手段表现出原比喻的意之真谛、美之内涵。依据这一原则,可采用以下方法:
1 go to sleep in the presence of Mrs. General and blood was to change to milk and water. (Dickens. Little Dorrit) 在杰纳勒尔夫人跟前,一个人的激情会变得麻木不仁,热血也会变成掺了水的牛奶。
少时所学,到老不忘。我赚的不够吃。当我发了财时,我要到非洲去。每个人的生活都有甜有苦。
直译+意译法
1. Most of us are too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise. 我们中的很多人太容易给别人批评的冷风,而不愿意给自己的同伴赞扬的阳光。2. Men are April when they woo, December when they wed, maids are May when they maids, but the sky changes when they are wives. (Shakespeare) 男人求爱时如和煦的4月,婚后却像寒冬腊月;闺中少女则宛若温暖的5月,而为人妇后却像易变的天气阴晴莫测。

常见的修辞格翻译 (1)

常见的修辞格翻译 (1)





他清清楚楚地看见一条丁字街,横在他 眼前。 He saw distinctly the cross-road ahead of him. After that long talk, Jim became the sun in her heart. 那次长谈之后,吉姆成了她心中的太阳。



权曰:“今听臣言,则西蜀有泰山之安, 不听臣言,则主公有累卵之危矣。” Huang Quan replied: “Heed my words and our rule can be secure as Mountain Tai. Heed them not and your own position will become as precarious as a pile of eggs. ”




With this faith we will be able to hoe out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. 抱有这个信念,我们就能从绝望之山凿出希望 之石。抱有这个信念,我们就能把我们这个民 族中那些刺耳的噪音变成一部歌颂手足之情的 美妙交响曲。
常见的修辞格翻译
一、比喻(figure of speech)

比喻无处不在,为各语言文化共有。 比喻有四个要素:本体(tenor),喻体 (vehicle),比喻词(comparative word)及相似点(point of resemblance)。这里主要谈谈明喻 (simile)和暗喻(metaphor)的翻译。

高考语文文言文常见修辞的翻译

高考语文文言文常见修辞的翻译

文言文常见修辞的翻译班级姓名 _________________一、比喻的翻译1、明喻仍译为明喻。

古文中的明喻一般与现代汉语的使用习惯相同,所以直译就行了。

例:(1)皆玄衣白刃,剽疾如猿猴。

(《冯婉真》)译文:“像猿猴一样剽悍敏捷”。

(2)火烈风猛,船往如箭。

(《赤壁之战》)译文:“船像箭一样往前冲”。

2、暗喻用了比喻词的,仍译为暗喻不用比喻词的,译为明喻。

例:(1)如今人方为刀俎,我为鱼肉。

译文:现在人家是刀和砧板,我们是鱼和肉。

(2)古来万事东流水。

译文:自古以来万事都像东去的流水一样。

(3)夫秦王有虎狼之心。

译文:秦王有像虎狼一样凶狠的心肠。

3、借喻译为它所比喻的事物,即把喻体还原成本体。

例:(1)北筑长城而守藩篱。

《过秦论》译文:在北边筑起长城来把守边疆。

(2)误落尘网中,一去三十年。

《归园田居》译文:误入污浊的官场,一误就是三十年。

二、借代的翻译古今汉语在借代的使用上差别很大,如果把借代直译过来,会让人感到不易理解和接受,所以借代应意译,译为它所代替的人或物。

1、肉食者鄙,未能远谋。

《曹刿论战》译文:做官的人见识浅陋,不能做长远的打算。

2、意北亦尚可以口舌动也。

《指南录后序》译文:考虑到元军也许还能够用言语来打动。

3、大阉亦逡巡畏义,非常之谋难于猝发。

译文:魏忠贤也迟疑不决,害怕正义,篡位的阴谋难于立刻发动。

4、沛公不胜杯杓,不能辞。

《鸿门宴》译文:沛公承受不住酒力,不能前来告辞。

5、洎牧以谗诛,邯郸为郡。

《六国论》译文:等到李牧因为谗言被杀害,赵国成了秦国的一个郡。

三、夸张的翻译1、状态、程度方面的夸张,仍译为夸张,前面加上“像要”或“快要”。

例:(1)相如因持璧却立,倚柱,怒发上冲冠。

《廉颇蔺相如列传》译文:蔺相如于是拿着和氏壁退后站在那里,靠在柱子上,愤怒得头发像要顶起帽子。

(2)成顾蟋蟀笼虚,则气断声吞。

《促织》译文:成名回头看到蟋蟀笼空着,就急得快要出不来气,说不出话。

2、数量方面的夸张,可把数量词换成表示“多”“高”“大”等副词、形容词例:军书十二卷,卷卷有爷名。

简述英语修辞格的运用及翻译

简述英语修辞格的运用及翻译

简述英语修辞格的运用及翻译简述英语修辞格的运用及翻译简述修辞格的运用及翻译摘要使用修辞格是为了使语言更加生动形象,鲜明突出,加强语言表现力和感染力。

本文从正确运用英语修辞格及对比分析英汉语言在修辞格式上的异同入手,浅谈如何在忠实表达原文的基础上,正确翻译和理解英语的修辞格,并介绍英语修辞格在翻译方面的基本原则及方法。

关键词英语修辞格翻译运用语言是表达思想的工具,修辞则是语言表达的艺术。

使用修辞格的目的是为了使语言更加生动形象、鲜明突出;或者使语言更加整齐匀称,音调铿锵,加强语言表现力和感染力,引起读者丰富联想的效果。

英语和汉语都有悠久的历史,也都具有非常丰富的修辞方式。

由于东、西方民族文化背景的不同,英汉语言在修辞格式上显然存在着既相一致又有区别的特点。

认识并了解英汉两种语言修辞格式的异同,找出二者各自的特点,有助于我们在英汉语言转换过程中正确理解原文的修辞手法,并在译文中正确使用,从而忠实地表达原文的思想和风格。

以下举例浅谈英语修辞格在翻译方面的基本原则及方法:一、直译法对于英汉两种语言中相类似的常用修辞格,~I1:simile(明喻),metaphor(隐喻),metonym(借代),personification(拟人),hyperbole(夸张),irony(反语),pun(双关),rhetoricquestion(设问)等。

在翻译中当然应当尽可能采用直译的方法,即在用词和修辞结构上都与原文保持一致,做到形神皆似。

举例如下:In his dream he saw the tiny figure fall as a fly(simile)在他的梦中他看见那小小的人影像苍蝇一般地落了下来。

Life is an isthmus between two eternities.(Metaphor)是永恒的生死两端之间的峡道。

Sometimes the pen may be mightier than the sword.(Metonymy)有时文人比武士更有力量。

英文修辞手法与例句

英文修辞手法与例句

英语修辞手法12级商务英语1班高腾学号2012224102011)Simile:(明喻)It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common.To make the comparison,words like as,as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other.For example,As cold waters to a thirsty soul,so is good news from a far country.明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用like,as,seem,as if,as though,similar to,such as等.1.In his dream he saw the tiny figure fall as a fly在他的梦中他看见那小小的人影像苍蝇一般地落了下来。

————《英语文摘》2015-2比喻形象生动,把人影比作苍蝇突出其渺小。

2.The old man’s hair is as white as snow.老人的头发雪白。

2)Metaphor:(暗喻)It is like a simile,also makes a comparison between two unlike elements,but unlike a simile,this comparison is implied rather than stated.For example,the world is a stage.隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.1.Life is an isthmus between two eternities.生活是永恒的生死两端之间的峡道——《21century》2014-32.I had the muscle,and they made money out of it.我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.————《英语文摘》2015-2这里用肌肉代指力气,肌肉的功能也就是出力气,直接用肌肉来代表则用了暗喻手法,加强表达效果。

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潭西南而望,斗折蛇行,明灭可见。 (柳宗元《小石潭记》) Viewed from the southwest, the pond sometimes zigzags like the shining Big Dipper and sometimes winds gloomily like a long creeping snake.


她们一窝蜂地挤拢来,每人盛一碗,就 四散地蹲伏或者站立在路上和门口吃。 (夏衍《包身工》) They crowded strenuously around like a swarm of bees, each ladling out a bowl of meagre porridge, and then scattered, having their meal by crouching or standing at the pathway or the doorway.


英汉语明喻标记比较明显,一般需出现比喻词, 汉语如像、如、仿佛、似等,英语如like,as, as if/though等。 英语的隐喻大致分三类:1.A is B;2.N1 of N2; 3.只出现本体。 All the world‟s a stage, and all men and women merely players. 整个世界是座舞台,男男女女,演员而已。

She has a photographic memory for detail. 她对细节有照相机般的记忆力。 (把her memory比作camera,但喻体 camera没有出现。)



汉语暗喻大致也有三种,1.判断结构“甲是 乙”;2.本体和喻体同时出现,但无判断词; 3.状语加中心词(偏正式的结构) 薛蟠也假说来上学,不过是“三天打渔,两天 晒网”……也不曾有一点儿进益。(《红楼 梦》) Xue Pan had hastened to register himself as a pupil. His school-going was, needless to say, a pretence – “One day to fish and two days to dry the net” as they say – and had nothing to do with the advancement of learning. (杨宪益,戴乃迭)




With this faith we will be able to hoe out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. 抱有这个信念,我们就能从绝望之山凿出希望 之石。抱有这个信念,我们就能把我们这个民 族中那些刺耳的噪音变成一部歌颂手足之情的 美妙交响曲。
一、比喻(figure of speech 比喻有四个要素:本体(tenor),喻体 (vehicle),比喻词(comparative word)及相似点(point of resemblance)。这里主要谈谈明喻 (simile)和暗喻(metaphor)的翻译。
常见的修辞格翻译
/bbs / / / /m / /dx/ /sy/ /hlj/ /wj/ /bjdxb /zy/ /zjdx/dx/ /dxb / / / / / / / ? / /m/ / / / / / / /zjdx/ / / / / / / / / / /
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