中美双边贸易结构分析(doc 31页)

中美双边贸易结构分析(doc 31页)

重庆大学本科学生毕业设计（论文）中美双边贸易结构分析

学生：梁晨

学号：20091770

指导教师：文争为

专业：国际经济与贸易

重庆大学新闻学院

二O一三年六月

Graduation Design(Thesis) of Chongqing University

Analysis of Sino-US Bilateral Trade

Structure

Undergraduate: Liang Chen

Supervisor: Prof. Wen zhengwei

Major: the international economy and

trade

School of Public Affairs Chongqing University

June 2013

摘要

自2001年，中国加入世界贸易组织以来，中美之间的商品贸易就在不断上升，双边合作关系亦在不断加强。研究中美商品贸易的结构，找出其特征与产生特征的种种原因具有现实意义。在中美双边贸易中，双方的进出口数额都非常大，但是，中国却处于严重出超地位。一方面，中美之间的差额主要出现在SITC6、SITC7、SITC8三类商品上，这三类商品多属于劳动密集型产品。同时，中美之间的G-L 指数相对较低，说明中美双边贸易术语产业间贸易，互补性强，这更加反映出两国在进出口贸易中所具有的不同的比较优势——中国属于“劳动充裕”国家，美国属于“资本充裕”国家。追根究底，中国与美国在经济内部的结构上存在巨大差异，中国主打劳动密集型产品，仍处于国际分工下游，美国主打资本密集型产品，属国际分工上游。中国应该着手对经济产业结构进行调整，发展自主品牌、核心技术，努力向上游进发。

关键词：中美，商品贸易，结构，特征，原因

ABSTRACT

Since 2001, China's accession to WTO, Sino-US trade in goods is increasingly rising and the relationship between the two countries is become more and more inseparable. It is very worthwhile and important to study the structure of Sino-US merchandise trade and to find the uncharacteristic and the reasons for the structure. In bilateral Sino-US merchandise trade, the two sides both have a very large amount of import and export, however, China is at a serious surplus position. On the one hand, the merchandise trade of differences between China and the United States are mainly in SITC6, SITC7, SITC8, which that the three commodities are mostly labor-intensive products. On the other hand, the G-L index of Sino-US merchandise trade is pretty small, indicating that the level of inter-industry trade in this bilateral trade is very low and the trade between the two country is highly complementary. It is obvious to find out that China and the United States has different comparative advantages——China is the "abundant labor " country, the United States is the" well-capitalized "country. China is good at manufacturing labor-intensive products, while the United States is pretty good at producing capital-intensive products. So, China is still at the downstream of the international division, and to break this difficult position, the government should adjust the country’s inner economy structure.

Key words：Sino-US, merchandise trade, structure, characteristic, causes

目录

中文摘要.................................................. ABSTRACT ..................................................

1 绪论 (2)

1.1研究的意义与目的 (2)

1.2研究的内容 (2)

1.3研究的思路与方法 (3)

1.4国内文献综述 (3)

1.5结论与建议 (5)

1.5.1 结论 (5)

1.5.2 建议 (5)

2 中美双边贸易结构分析 (6)

2.1中美双边商品贸易结构概况 (6)

2.1.1 中美双边商品贸易进出口概况6

2.1.2 中美间商品贸易差额结构概况7

2.1.3 中美商品进出口贸易方式结构概

况 (9)

2.2中美双边商品贸易结构分析 (10)

2.2.1 中美双边商品贸易构成概况 . 10

2.2.2 中美双边商品贸易中初级产品与

工业制成品的构成分析 (12)

2.3中美产业内贸易指数分析 (14)

3 中美双边贸易结构的特征分析 (18)

3.1中美双边贸易中各类结构的特征分析18

3.1.1 中美双边贸易的进出口数额特征

分析 (18)

3.1.2 中美商品贸易方式的特征分析18

3.1.3 中美双边贸易的商品贸易的特征

分析 (19)

3.1.4 中美产业内贸易水平特征分析19

3.2中美双边贸易结构特征总结 (20)

4 中美双边贸易结构特征原因分析 (21)