最新高三第二次月考试题汇总
天津市实验中学2024-205学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试题
![天津市实验中学2024-205学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试题](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/452ee77ec381e53a580216fc700abb68a982adb2.png)
天津市实验中学2024-205学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试题一、单项选择1.— Skipping breakfast is a good way to lose weight.—______. Actually it has the opposite effect.A.I can’t agree more B.That’s not the caseC.That’s it D.I’m glad to know that2.The application of AI technologies in health care industry is in an initial stage comparedwith_______ in automatic driving.A.it B.that C.those D.ones3.Shi Yuqi, as well as his badminton team members, ______ a gold medal at the Thomas Cup Awarding Ceremony on May 5th.A.is awarded B.are awarded C.was awarded D.were awarded4.I wonder what makes TikTok popular among people of all ages. People have devoted most of their energies which ______for other more significant things.A.would be saved B.could have been saved C.must have been saved D.should be saved5.Economic growth in the world remains weak throughout 2020 and it is hoped that it will________ gradually in 2021.A.break up B.pick up C.make out D.work out 6.—Did Tony win the game?—No. Staying up late made him at his worst ________ physical situation.A.in case of B.in terms of C.in favor of D.in spite of 7.—Can we make it to the concert with such heavy traffic?—Absolutely not.The pianist_______for about half an hour when we arrive.A.will be playing B.has played C.will have played D.has been playing 8.Nowadays, basic health care services are ______ to almost all the Chinese people. This accounts for the fact that the average life expectancy of the Chinese has already risen to 75.A.alternative B.abundant C.accessible D.advanced9.Much to our surprise, the witness’s _____ of the traffic accident differed from the official version in several aspects.A.account B.opinion C.instruction D.explanation10.____to developing the green economy, as is reported, is the driving force behind the success of the village.A.Committed B.To have committedC.Being committed D.Having committed11.Mr. Smith was really a very great teacher, ________ lectures we benefited a lot about communication skills.A.from whom B.of whom C.from whose D.of whose 12.—When will the visas be ready, sir?—_______everything goes well, you should get them in 14 workdays.A.Although B.As far as C.Unless D.As long as13.It is reported that a new wildlife conservation area has been established in ________ was once known for deforestation to protect endangered species.A.what B.which C.how D.where14.Many Chinese brands, __________their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.A.having developed B.being developedC.developed D.developing15.________ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.A.However B.WhateverC.Whichever D.Whenever二、完形填空Travel inspires adventure, team spirit and growth in children, as I discovered when I took my daughter Mai with me around the world.When she was four, we had a parent-child 16 through the Fraser River in Canada.I was a travel writer and my job covered from describing the scenery I traveled along to 17 the people I met. So while I was taking pictures, Maia, wanting to prove her 18 as anassistant, began interviewing a couple in the same ship. Unable to spell words, she 19 their answers in crayon. Then when we sat together at lunch, my daughter 20 the kids’ meal and requested the salmon (三文鱼). She explained that kids’ meals might not always be 21 during travel, so her food 22 was “try everything.” That trip proved Maia as such an easy travel 23 .When she was six, we flew to the Riviera Maya in Mexico. I was impressed by how 24 fearless she was when we dived along a reef(礁石). And I was 25 by how she cleverly worked out that she could order chocolate cake from room 26 alone. But it was on the 27 home, when my glued-to-my-arm kid said it was okay that the airline didn’t 28 us together, that I realized how much travel was 29 her. It helped her become more 30 .As Mai a grew older, travel continued to 31 her life. We explored the Amazon rainforest, where she learned the importance of 32 our planet. We visited famous 33 in China , where she developed a deep appreciation in its rich cultures and long history. And we 34 at an orphanage (孤儿院) in Africa, where she learned the meaning of love and care.Travel has also helped Maia develop important life 35 such as independence, problem-solving, and communication. I am grateful for what travel has had on my daughter, and I am excited to see what the future holds for her.16.A.course B.talk C.journey D.quarrel 17.A.helping B.teaching C.organizing D.interviewing 18.A.worth B.belief C.discovery D.demand 19.A.spelled B.reported C.found D.drew 20.A.picked up B.turned down C.searched for D.complained about 21.A.affordable B.delicate C.available D.delicious 22.A.chain B.motto C.preference D.supply 23.A.agent B.client C.assistant D.partner 24.A.cheerfully B.foolishly C.smartly D.unpleasantly 25.A.persuaded B.puzzled C.criticized D.offended 26.A.cleaning B.service C.rent D.design27.A.train B.ship C.flight D.bus 28.A.invite B.see C.link D.seat 29.A.shaping B.comforting C.hurting D.ruining 30.A.intelligent B.adaptable C.respectful D.changeable 31.A.rule B.disturb C.enrich D.save 32.A.protecting B.controlling C.destroying D.creating 33.A.sites B.people C.parks D.shops 34.A.survived B.played C.volunteered D.spoke 35.A.styles B.values C.attitudes D.skills三、阅读理解If you are applying to universities overseas, you can’t avoid having a video interview, whether you like it or not. Here are some steps to follow when preparing for the perfect video interview.Step 1: Start with the basicsBefore your interview, find out what platform or application the school uses for video interviews, and make sure that you know how to operate it.You need to set up a clear and focused interview environment. You also need a strong internet connection.Step 2: Get prepped (做好准备)Once the interview begins, resist the urge to watch yourself, and make sure you are looking at the camera as much as possible. Try to anticipate the questions that they will ask you. Interview questions all boil down to three basic categories:Tell us about yourself.What do you bring to our program/why should we admit you?Do you have any questions about the school?Before the interview, prepare at least two to three minutes on each of these topics.Step 3: PracticePractice your answers with a friend or mentor. Get them to ask you questions and answerthem over video. If possible, work with a person who is fluent in the language of your interviewers, and get them to give you notes and comments about pronunciation or presentation.Step 4: Don’t just interview... converseInterviews are about getting to know you as a person and how well you can interact with others. Though you may have extensive notes, try to act natural - do not read directly from any prepared statements, and don’t memorize answers to repeat. Listening is just as critical as speaking in this situation, too. Make sure you understand the question that is posed to you and ask an interviewer to repeat it or expand upon it if you feel you are confused.36.In preparing for the perfect video interview, you need to ________.A.have quick access to the Internet B.know how to operate the interviewC.fill out an application on the platform D.find a suitable environment for the interview 37.Once the interview begins, what should you keep in mind?A.Keeping quiet unless asked to talk.B.Making eye contact as much as possible.C.Expecting the questions that are often asked.D.Preparing answers on some of thequestions.38.Which of the following is TRUE about Step 3?A.You should be fluent in the language of your interviewers.B.Practicing with your friend over the phone may be helpful.C.Practicing in advance may help improve your performance.D.Notes and comments from the interviewers are practical.39.When doing an interview, you ________.A.are supposed to memorize answers to repeat B.must ask the interviewers to explain the questionsC.can read prepared statements as naturally as you can D.should attach equalimportance to listening as speaking40.Who is probably the author of the passage?A.An expert in university admissions.B.A visitor to different universities abroad.C.An editor in charge of a travel magazine.D.A student applying for universities overseas.When Milla Bizzot to finished her first 24-hour obstacle race, she went shoulder to shoulderwith experienced competitors, ran 36 miles and completed hundreds of obstacles, all at the age of 9.“There are some double takes on the course, but she has been an inspiration to people who see her out there competing like that,” said Christian Bizzotto, Milla’s father and coach, who was proud of her. Milla is very fit for her age, and she proved it in completing the BattleFrog Xtreme 24-hour race in Miami.Milla also used the event to inspire other kids to be active, and show how competing in obstacle racing has helped her deal with being bullied at school. “We wanted to make her feel more empowered and make her feel that she wasn’t weak, and that changed her whole mindset,” her father said.In preparing for the 24-hour race, Milla trained 20 hours a week for 90 days, doing exercise in the gym for 4 hours every day after school.“The reactions are 90 percent good, but some are totally negative,” Christian said. “I’ve had people message me on Facebook saying I’m a child abuser, and that no 9-year-old should be doing a 24-hour race. But her own doctors were there supporting her and cheering her on. I want her to be a kid, and this is just something she really wants to do.”CrossFit and obstacle course racing have also helped Christian turn around his life. He got injured in a motorcycle accident. After he was finally able to get around without using a walker, he began his recovery by going for walks on the beach with Milla, and then began running every day.Next, he joined a CrossFit gym and enjoyed it so much that he opened his own gym to train others for events like CrossFit, BattleFrog and Spartan races. “I just wanted to create a hero that Milla could look up to,” he said.Next up for Milla is an invitation-only “Athletes Race”. Competitors also have to raise $5,000 for charity.41.Christian Bizzotto, Milla’s father and coach, ______.A.was very strict with MillaB.was satisfied with what Milla didC.lost his legs in a motorcycle accidentD.threw his walker with the help of CrossFit42.What can we learn about Milla?A.She was always bullied by her schoolmates.B.She began to run because she was physically weak.C.Her father wanted her to get benefit from the obstacle race.D.She became more confident after the 24-hour obstacle race.43.During her training for the 24-hour obstacle race, Milla most probably _________.A.had two days’ rest every weekB.was always running with her fatherC.spent over 4 hours every day of a weekD.took a hit because her father was injured44.The reactions Christian got on the Internet ______.A.told us that Milla had a hard childhoodB.showed that he was a real abuserC.encouraged Milla to challenge more difficult runsD.were mixed but what Milla did was supported by her doctors45.What Christian did after his injury was mainly to ______.A.make money to open a gymB.set a good example to MillaC.make money to raise his familyD.get recovered as soon as possibleSeveral new species of tropical birds have been found on remote islands in Indonesia. Researchers have discerned the Wakatobi sunbird, a new species that lives on the small Wakatobi Islands, located in central Indonesia. They also studied olive-backed (橄榄背的) sunbirds and black sunbirds and found that some of the birds they examined actually belonged to some previously unrecognized species.The new Wakatobi sunbird looks similar to the olive-backed sunbird, but has darker feathers, shorter wings, and a higher-toned song. Zoologists believe that because it has such short wings, it never spread beyond the tiny islands. The olive-backed sunbird, however, can fly long distances, so it was able to inhabit other locations.These discoveries were part of a long-time cooperation between scientists at Trinity College Dublin and Universitas Halu Oleo in Sulawesi, Indonesia.“Specifically, we became interested in the Wakatobi sunbird because of the work of Ernst Hartert, a German bird expert active at the beginning of the 20th century,” Fionn O Marcaigh, first author on the paper, says. “He described the Wakatobi sunbird as a population with distinctive dark feathers, but he and the rest of the scientific community eventually decided that it was only a subspecies of the widespread olive-backed sunbird. We were eager to use modern methods to put this to the test.”For their research, scientists used DNA, recordings of songs and body measurement analysis to compare the sunbirds they studied, “We used a system called integrative taxonomy, which combines data on a number of aspects of the birds, including their songs, feathers, and body structures,” O Marcaigh says. “We recorded their songs using digital recorders, measured live birds caught and released by licensed netters, and used computational statistics to analyze the differences.” The scientists also obtained genetic samples which they analyzed in the lab and they found that the patterns they found were also reflected in the birds’ DNA.“I’m excited that we’ve added to the list of known species from this wonderful part of the world,” O Marcaigh says.46.What does the underlined word “discerned” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A.Overestimated.B.Imagined.C.Overlooked.D.Identified. 47.How does the Wakatobi sunbird differ from the olive-backed sunbird?A.It has colorful wings.B.It flies shorter distances.C.It lives throughout Indonesia.D.It sings more beautiful songs.48.What can we know about Ernst Hartert?A.He is a scientist from Universitas Halu Oleo.B.He still takes an active part in bird research.C.He is the first scientist to use DNA to study birds.D.He inspired the researchers’ interest in the Wakatobi sunbird.49.Why did O Marcaigh study the Wakatobi sunbird?A.To determine its category.B.To investigate its habitat and behavior.C.To analyze its genetic makeup.D.To continue the study of Ernst Hartert. 50.Which aspect of the research does paragraph 5 mainly talk about?A.Its methods.B.Its theories.C.Its impact.D.Its background.To put it simply, stress can be the father of growth, while a crisis can be the mother of innovation. The notion that great good can emerge from great adversity (逆境) is as old as the legend of the great phoenix (凤凰), who not only arises but soars to new heights from its own ashes.In 1598, William Shakespeare penned the play As You Like It. One of the most famous lines from that play is spoken in Act 2 Scene 1 by Duke Senior, “Sweet are the uses of adversity which, like the toad (癞蛤蟆), ugly and venomous, wears yet a precious jewel in his head.” Even 500 years ago, the potential value of adversity was recognized, not by a great healer, but by a great playwright. Can this really be the case?Fast-forward to the great silent film star Mary Pickford. She was called the most popular actress in the world in the 1910s and 1920s. Failing to continue acting with the advent of the “talkies”(movies with recorded sound), she co-founded the film company United Artists. Shifting her talents to producing and directing, she became the most powerful woman in the entertainment industry. She once noted, “You may have a fresh start any moment you choose, for this thing that we call ‘failure’ is not the falling down, but the staying down.”Rather than fear and try to avoid adversity, perhaps we should accept the inevitability (必然) of adversity and prepare for it. Indeed, positive things can emerge from adversity.Adversity reveals true opportunities for those preparing to take advantage. Dr. John Krumboltz’s happenstance theory states that career and life development is best fostered by preparing for opportunities that you may not know even exist in the current moment. Numerous unpredictable factors are potentially shaping the future. These include the crises adversity brings.In Friedrich Nietzsche’s book, Behold the Man, the German philosopher writes that a person who has “turned out well” could be recognized by the ability to take advantage of and prosper from adversity, just as he wrote before, “What does not kill him makes him stronger.”So, the next time adversity enters your life, will you run from it, or will you embrace it and use it as a step ping stone to greater happiness and success?51.Why does the author quote the line from Shakespeare’s play?A.To emphasize the great wisdom of Shakespeare.B.To highlight the beauty of Shakespeare’s language.C.To challenge the conventional belief regarding adversity.D.To show the long-standing recognition of adversity’s value.52.What is conveyed through Mary Pickford’s story?A.Fame can block one’s achievements.B.Strong determination overcomes adversity.C.Accepting adversity results in positive outcomes.D.Courage in the face of challenges leads to success.53.What is the idea behind Krumboltz’s happenstance theory?A.Embracing uncertainty.B.Managing life’s challenges.C.Seizing hidden opportunities.D.Focusing on personal growth.54.What is the author’s attitude towards adversity?A.Cautious.B.Favorable.C.Neutral.D.Doubtful. 55.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.Finding value and opportunity in facing adversity.B.Stress as the primary cause of growth and innovation.C.How to avoid adversity and negative experiences in life.D.Historical figures who failed to overcome adversity effectively.阅读下面短文,并根据题目要求用英语回答问题(请注意问题后的字数要求)。
江苏省连云港市2024届高三上学期第二次月考英语试题(解析版)
![江苏省连云港市2024届高三上学期第二次月考英语试题(解析版)](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/a65ab21c3a3567ec102de2bd960590c69ec3d801.png)
2024届高三第二次阶段性测试英语试卷第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the man sound?A. Surprised.B. Confused.C. Annoyed.2. Which picture does the man like most?A. The one of boats.B. The one of animals.C. The one of the village houses.3.What are the speakers going to do first?A. See a movie.B. Have dinner.C. Go for a walk.4. Why does the woman call the man?A. To ask for help.B. To give advice.C. To make an appointment.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife.B. Brother and sister.C. Father and daughter.第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
河北省衡水市第二次调研考试2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考数学试题
![河北省衡水市第二次调研考试2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考数学试题](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/d8ce30b0f9c75fbfc77da26925c52cc58ad69060.png)
河北省衡水市第二次调研考试2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考数学试题一、单选题1.已知数列{}n a 满足112n na a +=-,则11a =-,则4a =( ) A .3B .53C .75D .152.已知α是第四象限角且3sin ,2sin cos 05αββ=--=,则tan()αβ-的值为( )A .1B .1-C .2-D .2113.函数()15f x x =的图象在点()()0,0f 处的切线的倾斜角为( )A .π6B .π4C .π3D .π24.如图,平行四边形ABCD 中,2AE EB =,DF FC =,若C B m =u u u r r ,CE n =u u ur r ,则AF =u u u r ( )A .1322m n +r rB .3122m n -r rC .1322m n -+r r D .1322m n -r r5.已知等差数列{}n a 的公差小于0,前n 项和为n S ,若727131a a a +=-,844S =,则n S 的最大值为( ) A .45B .52C .60D .906.设ABC V 内角A ,B ,C 所对应的边分别为a ,b ,c ,已知2sin sin sin ABC S A B C =△,若ABC V 的周长为1.则sin sin sin A B C ++=( ) A .1B .12C .34D .27.设函数()()3ππ40,0,3πππ4tan ,4k x f x k k x x ωωωω⎧+⎪=⎪⎪=>∈⎨⎪+⎛⎫⎪--≠ ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎩Z ,若函数()f x 在区间π3π,88⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭上有且仅有1个零点,则ω的取值范围为( ) A .2,23⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦B .20,3⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦C .210,33⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦D .(]0,28.已知11e e ,12()1x xax x f x x --⎧--≤⎪⎪=⎨>,()a ∈R 在R 上单调递增,则a 的取值范围是( )A .[]2,1-B .[]2,1--C .(],1-∞D .[)2,-+∞二、多选题9.以下正确的选项是( ) A .若a b >,c d <,则a c b d ->- B .若a b >,c d <,则a bc d > C .若22ac bc >,则33a b >D .若a b >,0m >,则b m ba m a+>+ 10.设正项等比数列{}n a 的公比为q ,前n 项和为n S ,前n 项积为n T ,则下列选项正确的是( )A .4945S S q S =+B .若20252020T T =,则20231a =C .若194a a =,则当2246a a +取得最小值时,1a D .若21()n n n a T +>,则11a < 11.以下不等式成立的是( )A .当x ∈ 0,1 时,1e ln 2x x x x+>-+B .当x ∈ 1,+∞ 时,1e ln 2x x x x+>-+C .当π0,2x ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭时,e sin x x x >D .当π,π2x ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭时,e sin x x x >三、填空题12.已知平面向量a =r 2b =r ,4a b ⋅=r r ,R λ∈,则2a b λ+r r 的最小值为.13.已知函数()()2sin πcos (0)f x x x x ωωωω=->的最小正周期为π,则()f x 在区间[]2024π,2024π-上所有零点之和为.14.若定义在()(),00,-∞+∞U 上的函数() f x 满足:对任意的()(),,00,x y ∈-∞+∞U ,都有:()1x f f x f y y ⎛⎫⎛⎫=+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,当,0x y >时,还满足:()110x y f f x y ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫--> ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭,则不等式()1f x x ≤-的解集为.四、解答题15.已知函数()()2e 1xf x x x =-+.(1)求函数()f x 的单调区间;(2)函数()f x a ≤在[]2,1-上恒成立,求最小的整数a .16.已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,113a =,18,3,n n n a n a a n +-⎧=⎨⎩为奇数为偶数.(1)证明:数列{}2112n a --为等比数列; (2)若21161469n S n +=+,求n 的值.17.凸函数是数学中一个值得研究的分支,它包括数学中大多数重要的函数,如2x ,e x 等.记()f x ''为()y f x '=的导数.现有如下定理:在区间I 上()f x 为凸函数的充要条件为()()0f x x I ''≥∈. (1)证明:函数()31f x x x=-为()1,+∞上的凸函数; (2)已知函数()2()2ln ln g x ax x x x a =--∈R .①若()g x 为[)1,+∞上的凸函数,求a 的最小值;②在①的条件下,当a 取最小值时,证明:()()31()223231x xx g x x -+≥+-+,在[)1,+∞上恒成立.18.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,质点A 与B 沿单位圆周运动,点A 与B 初始位置如图所示,A 点坐标为()1,0,π4AOB ∠=,现质点A 与B 分别以πrad /s 4,πrad /s 12的速度运动,点A 逆时针运动,点B 顺时针运动,问:(1)ls 后,扇形AOB 的面积及sin AOB ∠的值.(2)质点A 与质点B 的每一次相遇的位置记为点n P ,连接一系列点1P ,2P ,3P⋅⋅⋅构成一个封闭多边形,求该多边形的面积.19.已知函数()e xf x mx =-,()g x(1)讨论()f x 的单调性;(2)当0x ≥时,()()f x g x ≥恒成立,求m 的取值范围;(3)当0x ≥时,若()()f x ng x -的最小值是0,求m +的最大值.。
福建省厦门双十中学2024~2025学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试题(含答案)
![福建省厦门双十中学2024~2025学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试题(含答案)](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/c312a3d6690203d8ce2f0066f5335a8103d26605.png)
厦门双十中学2024-2025学年第一学期第二次月考高三英语试题试卷满分: 150 分考试时间: 120 分钟第一部分听力理解(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题: 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When had the woman planned to goA. On the 5th.B. On the 6th.C. On the 7th.2· What activity does the man benefit fromA. Swimming.B. Taichi.C. Yoga.5. What does Sandy offer to doA. Replace the floors.B. Paint the walls.C. Clean the house.4. Where are the speakersA. On the beach.B. On the road.C. On the golf course.5. What are the speakers talking aboutA. A flood.B. A new pipe.C. A leaking problem.第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. What is the woman's concern about the skate parkA. Whether it is near her place.B. Whether it has a swimming pool.C. Whether it has an area for beginners.7. How does the woman sound in the endA. Excited.B. Worried.C. Scared.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
山西省吕梁市孝义市2024年高三第二次(4月)月考数学试题试卷
![山西省吕梁市孝义市2024年高三第二次(4月)月考数学试题试卷](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/e584b6b6d5d8d15abe23482fb4daa58da0111ced.png)
山西省吕梁市孝义市2024年高三第二次(4月)月考数学试题试卷请考生注意:1.请用2B 铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上,请用0.5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。
2.答题前,认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》,按规定答题。
一、选择题:本题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.将函数()2sin(3)(0)f x x ϕϕπ=+<<图象向右平移8π个单位长度后,得到函数的图象关于直线3x π=对称,则函数()f x 在,88ππ⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上的值域是( ) A .[1,2]-B .[3,2]-C .2,12⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦D .[2,2]-2.某几何体的三视图如图所示,其俯视图是由一个半圆与其直径组成的图形,则此几何体的体积是( )A .203π B .6πC .103π D .163π 3.复数()(1)2z i i =++的共轭复数为( ) A .33i -B .33i +C .13i +D .13i -4.一个几何体的三视图如图所示,则该几何体的表面积为( )A .48122+B .60122+C .72122+D .845.已知向量()22cos ,3m x =,()1,sin2n x =,设函数()f x m n =⋅,则下列关于函数()y f x =的性质的描述正确的是( )A .关于直线12x π=对称B .关于点5,012π⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭对称 C .周期为2πD .()y f x =在,03π⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭上是增函数 6.已知双曲线()2222:10,0x y C a b a b-=>>的左,右焦点分别为12,F F ,O 为坐标原点,P 为双曲线在第一象限上的点,直线PO ,2PF 分别交双曲线C 的左,右支于另一点12,,3M N PF PF =若,且260MF N ∠=,则双曲线的离心率为( ) A .52B .3C .2D .727.已知复数552iz i i=+-,则||z =( ) A .5B .52C .32D .258.已知底面为正方形的四棱锥,其一条侧棱垂直于底面,那么该四棱锥的三视图可能是下列各图中的( )A .B .C .D .9.小王因上班繁忙,来不及做午饭,所以叫了外卖.假设小王和外卖小哥都在12:00~12:10之间随机到达小王所居住的楼下,则小王在楼下等候外卖小哥的时间不超过5分钟的概率是( ) A .12B .45C .38D .3410.已知等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,且2550S =,则1115a a +=( ) A .4B .8C .16D .211.已知()()()[)3log 1,1,84,8,6x x f x x x ⎧+∈-⎪=⎨∈+∞⎪-⎩ 若()()120f m f x ⎡⎤--≤⎣⎦在定义域上恒成立,则m 的取值范围是( ) A .()0,∞+B .[)1,2C .[)1,+∞D .()0,112.一个算法的程序框图如图所示,若该程序输出的结果是34,则判断框中应填入的条件是( )A .5?i >B .5?i <C .4?i >D .4?i <二、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分。
宁夏回族自治区银川一中2023-2024学年高三第二次月考英语试题及答案
![宁夏回族自治区银川一中2023-2024学年高三第二次月考英语试题及答案](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/f9e0ae0732687e21af45b307e87101f69e31fbbe.png)
银川一中2024届高三年级第二次月考英语试卷注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题的答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where is the man from?A.Washington.B.Los Angeles.C.New York.2.What is the woman going to do next?A.Buy New Year’s gifts.B.Go to the library.C.Meet her parents.3.How does the woman find playing volleyball?A.Beneficial.B.Difficult.C.Interesting.4.How much will the man pay?A.$25.B.$28.C.$53.5.Who is Cristina talking to?A.Her classmate.B.An eye doctor.C.Her father.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.Why does the man make the call?A.To make a reservation.B.To confirm a reservation.C.To reschedule a reservation.7.When will the man go to dinner on Sunday?A.At6:00p.m.B.At8:00p.m.C.At9:00p.m.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
湖南省长沙市周南教育集团2025届高三上学期10月第二次月考地理试题(含答案)
![湖南省长沙市周南教育集团2025届高三上学期10月第二次月考地理试题(含答案)](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/ab950166366baf1ffc4ffe4733687e21af45ffe9.png)
A.技术、劳动力B.交通、劳动力C.原料、交通、市场D.水源、地形、原料
2.华美食品(河北)工业园所在的开发区,其主要功能区有( )
A.工业区、仓储区、居住区B.工业区、商贸区、居住区
C.大学城、仓储区、工业区D.科技园、仓储区、大学城
3.为促进企业发展,华美食品集团适宜扩张布局的区域还有( )
6.引起莫诺纳湖湖水温度分异和底层水温骤升的主要原因是()
①湖面结冰②径流减少③气候回暖④大风天气
A.①④B.②③C.①③D.②④
7.未来冬季盐径流含盐量继续不断增加,整体上会使得莫诺纳湖()
A.湖泊咸淡性质转变B.水温分异时间缩短
C.底层水温提前骤升D.底层水温骤升放缓
土壤孔隙度即土壤中孔隙体积占土壤总体积的百分数,它是影响土壤蓄水能力的重要指标。下表为我国南方某山地不同植被土壤孔隙度情况。据此完成下面小题。
4.维持老年人口迁移Ⅲ型的省份,在空间分布上呈现()
A 均衡性B.分散性C.临近性D.集中性
5.与1995年相比,2020年老年人口迁移分型向上的省份,多数()
A.空间位置邻近B.经济发展模式相似
C.产业部门接近D.位于中西部地区
莫诺纳湖位于美国的五大湖区,平均湖深22米。每年冬春季,莫诺纳湖都要经历一次湖水温度分异和底层水温骤升事件。据研究,莫诺纳湖冬季存在盐径流注入,与周边水体混合慢,近年来盐径流含盐量不断增加。下图示意2020年1~5月莫诺纳湖底表层湖水水温变化。完成下面小题。
土壤孔隙度
针阔混交林
常绿阔叶林
楠竹林
灌木林
总孔隙
60
62
50
77
非毛管孔
17
2024-2025学年海南省文昌中学高三上学期第二次月考历史试题及答案
![2024-2025学年海南省文昌中学高三上学期第二次月考历史试题及答案](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/b68bff62eef9aef8941ea76e58fafab068dc4471.png)
2024—2025学年度第一学期高三第二次月考试题历史注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、选择题:本大题共15小题,每小题3分,共45分.分为单项选择题I和单项选择题Ⅱ两部分,单项选择题I:1~13题,每题3分,共39分,每题只有一个正确选项。
1. 下表说明,江苏地区()新石器时代江苏地区部分遗址概况高邮龙虬庄遗址(距今约7000年)该遗址中首次发现,有陶片和鹿角上带有文字符号特征的刻划符号,有学者称之为“陶文”,该陶文很有可能是甲骨文的起源。
A. 丰富了中华文明的内涵B. 出现了成熟的早期国家C. 提前了可考信史的时间D. 奠定了中华文明的基础2. “年”的叫法在古代中国有一个变化过程。
商朝因非常重视年头岁尾时对祖先的祭祀,故称之为“祀”;周朝认为农业的丰歉关乎社会的正常运作,人背禾形象的“年”受到了特别的推崇,故称之为“年”,并祭祀天地和祖先,祈求来年风调雨顺。
从“祀”到“年”的的变化反映了古代中国()A. 宗族观念淡化B. 农业技术的进步C. 民本思想的发展D. 血缘关系的疏远3. 秦征服南郡后,南郡居民仍保留楚地风俗,包括热衷商贾、崇奢靡等,秦律在南郡始终未能推行和落实。
对此,公元前227年,南郡守腾发布《语书》,要求各县、道啬夫“凡法律令者,以教导民,去其淫僻,除其恶俗”,通过传播法令的方式教化百姓。
南郡守腾这一做法()A. 有利于建构国家认同B. 确立了中央对地方的绝对控制C. 引导了民间舆论方向D. 反映了国家统一推动法律落实4. 《史记·循吏列传》开篇说道:“法令所以导民也,刑法所以禁奸也。
奉职循理,亦可以为治,何必威严哉?”以此为标准,以下汉代人物可列入循吏传的是()选项人物事迹A洛阳令王涣“以平正居身,得宽猛之宜。
湖南省长沙市长郡中学2025届高三上学期第二次月考物理试题 Word版含解析
![湖南省长沙市长郡中学2025届高三上学期第二次月考物理试题 Word版含解析](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/3547304f4531b90d6c85ec3a87c24028915f85ed.png)
长郡中学2025届高三月考试卷(二)物理本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分,共8页。
时量75分钟。
满分100分。
第I卷选择题(共44分)一、选择题(本题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分。
每小题只有一项符合题目要求)1. 2024年8月郑钦文斩获巴黎奥运会网球女单冠军。
关于网球运动中蕴含的力学知识,若忽略空气阻力,以下说法正确的是( )A. 球在空中飞行时,受重力和推力的作用B. 球撞击球拍时,球拍对球的力大于球对球拍的力C. 球的速度越大,惯性越大D. 球在空中飞行时,处于失重状态【答案】D【解析】【详解】A.球在空中飞行时,只受重力作用,不受推力,故A错误;B.球撞击球拍时,由牛顿第三定律可知球拍对球的力等于球对球拍的力,故B错误;C.球的惯性由质量决定,与速度无关,故C错误;D.球在空中飞行时,只受重力,则处于完全失重状态,故D正确。
故选D。
2. 探月工程中,“嫦娥三号”探测器的发射过程可以简化如下:卫星由地面发射后,进入地月转移轨道,经过P点时变轨进入距离月球表面100公里的圆形轨道1,在轨道1上经过Q点时变轨进入椭圆轨道2,轨道2与月球表面相切于M点,月球车将在M点着陆月球。
下列说法正确的是()A. “嫦娥三号”在轨道1上的速度比月球的第一宇宙速度大B. “嫦娥三号”在地月转移轨道上经过P 点的速度比在轨道1上经过P 点时大C. “嫦娥三号”在轨道1上的运动周期比在轨道2上的小D. “嫦娥三号”在轨道1上经过Q 点时的加速度小于在轨道2上经过Q 点时的加速度【答案】B 【解析】【详解】A .月球的第一宇宙速度等于近月轨道的环绕速度,根据解得由于轨道1的半径大于近月卫星的半径,则“嫦娥三号”在轨道1上的速度比月球的第一宇宙速度小,故A 错误;B .地月转移轨道变轨到轨道1是由高轨道变轨到低轨道,需要在两轨道切点P 位置减速,即“嫦娥三号”在地月转移轨道上经过P 点的速度比在轨道1上经过P 点时大,故B 正确;C .根据开普勒定律可知由于轨道1的半径大于轨道2的半长轴,则“嫦娥三号”在轨道1上的运动周期比在轨道2上的大,故C 错误;D .根据解得22Mm v G m r r=v =33122212r a T T =2MmGma r =卫星与月心间距相等,加速度大小相等,即“嫦娥三号”在轨道1上经过Q 点时的加速度等于在轨道2上经过Q 点时的加速度,故D 错误。
第六中学高三上学期第二次月考语文试题(含答案)
![第六中学高三上学期第二次月考语文试题(含答案)](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/c7b7e263cd1755270722192e453610661ed95aff.png)
第六中学高三上学期第二次月考语文试题(含答案)内江六中2024—2025学年(上)高2025届第二次月考语文学科试题考试时间:150分钟满分:150分一、现代文阅读(共33分)(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共4小题,15分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~4题。
中国古代既有“诗能穷人"之说,又有“诗能达人”之说;既有“穷而后工"之说,也有“达而后工”之说。
但是前者成为流行的说法,而后者则少为人所接受。
这是中国文学批评史上一个奇特的现象,我把它称之为“诗人薄命化"倾向。
重视诗赋等文学创作是中国古代的社会风尚,“雅好文章”和提拔文章之士是君主的雅趣。
《汉书》中记载西汉枚乘、司马相如都因善赋而见用,《后汉书》也记载东汉班固因《两都赋》名闻天下。
隋代李谔上书隋高祖明确指出,诗歌已经成为“朝廷据兹擢士"的“禄利之路”。
自从唐代实施科举制度,诗歌便成为下层士子改变命运的途径,真正成为对所有读书人开放的“禄利之路"。
在中国古代,诗歌是当时社会交往的重要工具,能诗是一种荣誉,文章之士通过考试能获得担任官员的资格。
故“诗能达人”在中国古代也具有某种程度的真实性。
古代诗人遭受厄运的毕竟是少数,而纯粹由于写诗的原因而遭受厄运的诗人,更是少之又少。
诗人薄命并不是普遍的事实,“诗能达人"与“诗能穷人”同时构成事实的整体。
如果我们超越表面现象,便可看出中国古代文论中关于“诗人薄命"之说其实是一种有选择性的集体认同:在“诗能穷人”与“诗能达人"中,选择了“诗能穷人”;在“穷而后工"与“达而后工”中,选择了“穷而后工"。
虽然“诗能达人”也具有某种真实性与合理性,但这种理论大多仅是对世俗社会现象的总结,没有更深邃、更崇高的传统诗学理想与价值观来支撑,有时还流露出某种世俗功利色彩。
而“诗能穷人"或“穷而后工”反映的是一种超越世俗、追慕崇高的诗学理想。
广东省深圳市深圳第二高级中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第二次月考数学试题(含答案)
![广东省深圳市深圳第二高级中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第二次月考数学试题(含答案)](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/882b0988afaad1f34693daef5ef7ba0d4b736d0f.png)
2024-2025学年深圳市第二高级中学高三年级第二次月考试题数学时间:120分钟 满分150分一、选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.设,则( )A. B. C. D.2.设集合,集合,,则( )A. B. C. D.3.下列函数中最小值为4的是( )A. B. C. D.4.函数的部分图像大致为( )A. B.C.D.5.已知,则( )A. B. C.D.6.已知函数的部分图象如图所示,则下列说法错误的是( )252i1i iz +=++z =12i -12i+2i -2i+U R ={1}M xx =<∣{12}N x x =-<<∣{2}x x ≥=∣()U C M N U N C M()U C M N UM C 224y x x =++4|sin ||sin |y x x =+4ln ln y x x=+222x xy -=+sin 21cos xy x=-π2sin sin 33αα⎛⎫+-= ⎪⎝⎭πcos 23α⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭59-19-1959ππ()sin()0,0,22f x A x A ωϕωϕ⎛⎫=+>>-<< ⎪⎝⎭A.的最小正周期为B.当时,的值域为C.将函数的图象向右平移个单位长度可得函数的图象D.将函数的图象上所有点的横坐标伸长为原来的2倍,纵坐标不变,得到的函数图象关于点对称7.若函数有两个不同的极值点,则实数a 的取值范围为( )A. B. C. D.8.已知定义在R 上的奇函数满足,且在区间上是增函数,若方程在区间上有四个不同的根,则( )A. B.6C. D.8二、多选题:本题共3小题,每小题6分,共18分。
在每小题给出的选项中,有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得6分,部分选对的得部分分,有选错的得0分。
9.已知向量,不共线,向量平分与的夹角,则下列结论一定正确的是( )A. B.C.向量,在上的投影向量相等D.10.设函数,已知在有且仅有5个零点,则( )A.在有且仅有3个极大值点B.在有且仅有2个极小值点()f x πππ,44x ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦()f x ⎡⎢⎣()f x π12()sin 2g x x =()f x 5π,06⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭21()ln 2f x x x a x =-+10,4⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭10,2⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭1,4⎛⎫-∞ ⎪⎝⎭1,4⎛⎤-∞ ⎥⎝⎦()f x ()()4f x f x -=-[]0,2()()0f x m m =>[]8,8-1234x x x x +++=6-8-a b a b +a b 0a b ⋅= ()()a b a b +⊥- a b a b +||||a b a b +=- π()sin (0)5f x x ωω⎛⎫=+> ⎪⎝⎭()f x [0,2π]()f x (0,2π)()f x (0,2π)C.在单调递增D.的取值范围是11.已知函数,则下列说法正确的是( )A.是函数的极小值点B.C.当时,D.函数有5个零点三、填空题:本题共3小题,每小题5分,共15分。
湖南省百所重点高中2024学年高三3月线上第二次月考数学试题试卷
![湖南省百所重点高中2024学年高三3月线上第二次月考数学试题试卷](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/7b62f8ce951ea76e58fafab069dc5022aaea4680.png)
湖南省百所重点高中2024学年高三3月线上第二次月考数学试题试卷注意事项1.考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。
2.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答;第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。
3.考试结束后,考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上,待监考员收回。
一、选择题:本题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.在三棱锥P ABC -中,AB BP ⊥,AC PC ⊥,AB AC ⊥,PB PC ==,点P 到底面ABC 的距离为2,则三棱锥P ABC -外接球的表面积为( ) A .3πB.2C .12πD .24π2.已知定点1(4,0)F -,2(4,0)F ,N 是圆22:4O x y +=上的任意一点,点1F 关于点N 的对称点为M ,线段1F M 的垂直平分线与直线2F M 相交于点P ,则点P 的轨迹是( ) A .椭圆B .双曲线C .抛物线D .圆3.若不等式22ln x x x ax -+对[1,)x ∈+∞恒成立,则实数a 的取值范围是( ) A .(,0)-∞B .(,1]-∞C .(0,)+∞D .[1,)+∞4.设m ,n 是两条不同的直线,α,β是两个不同的平面,下列命题中正确的是( ) A .若αβ⊥,m α⊂,n β⊂,则m n ⊥ B .若//αβ,m α⊂,n β⊂,则//m n C .若m n ⊥,m α⊂,n β⊂,则αβ⊥ D .若m α⊥,//m n ,//n β,则αβ⊥5.若()()()32z i a i a R =-+∈为纯虚数,则z =( ) A .163i B .6i C .203i D .206.已知x ,y 满足不等式00224x y x y t x y ≥⎧⎪≥⎪⎨+≤⎪⎪+≤⎩,且目标函数z =9x +6y 最大值的变化范围[20,22],则t 的取值范围( )A .[2,4]B .[4,6]C .[5,8]D .[6,7]7.点,,A B C 是单位圆O 上不同的三点,线段OC 与线段AB 交于圆内一点M ,若,(0,0),2OC mOA nOB m n m n =+>>+=,则AOB ∠的最小值为( )A .6π B .3π C .2π D .23π 8.已知实数x 、y 满足不等式组2102100x y x y y -+≥⎧⎪--≤⎨⎪≥⎩,则3z x y =-+的最大值为( )A .3B .2C .32-D .2-9.已知集合{}3|20,|0x P x x Q x x -⎧⎫=-≤=≤⎨⎬⎩⎭,则()R P Q 为( ) A .[0,2)B .(2,3]C .[2,3]D .(0,2]10.已知31(2)(1)mx x--的展开式中的常数项为8,则实数m =( )A .2B .-2C .-3D .311.函数的定义域为( )A .[,3)∪(3,+∞)B .(-∞,3)∪(3,+∞)C .[,+∞)D .(3,+∞)12.已知奇函数()f x 是R 上的减函数,若,m n 满足不等式组()(2)0(1)0()0f m f n f m n f m +-≥⎧⎪--≥⎨⎪≤⎩,则2m n -的最小值为( )A .-4B .-2C .0D .4二、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分。
2024学年安徽省二校联考高三年级下学期第二次月考试题含解析
![2024学年安徽省二校联考高三年级下学期第二次月考试题含解析](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/77b8a6feab00b52acfc789eb172ded630b1c98e1.png)
2024学年安徽省二校联考高三年级下学期第二次月考试题考生须知:1.全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分,全部在答题纸上作答。
选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。
2.请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。
3.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
1、阅读下面的文字,完成下面小题。
中医学理论体系约形成于战国至秦汉时期。
在“诸子蜂起,百家争鸣”的时代,中国古代哲学思想得到长足发展,中医学将当时盛行的阴阳、五行和精气学说作为一种思维方法引入,与其自身固有的理论和经验相融合,完成了中医辨证论治体系的基本理论构建,因而这些本为关于世界存在和变化的哲学观念与学说,亦是中医学的哲学基础。
阴阳学说,是建立在唯物论基石之上的朴素的辩证法思想,是古人认识宇宙本原和阐释宇宙变化的一种宇宙观和方法论。
阴阳学说用“一分为二”的观点,来说明事物存在着相互对立、制约、互用、交感、消长、转化、自和等运动规律和形式,宇宙万物之间存在着普遍的联系,世界本身就是阴阳对立统一的结果。
中医学将阴阳学说用于解释人体,认为人体是由各种既对立制约又协调统一的组织结构、生理机能所构成的有机整体,《素问》指出“阴平阳秘,精神乃治”。
阴阳学说帮中医学构筑了独特的理论体系,并贯穿于其中的各个方面,指导着历代医家的理论思维和临床实践。
五行学说,既是古代朴素的唯物辩证的宇宙观和方法论,又是一种原始而质朴的系统论。
五行学说认为,宇宙万物可在不同层次上分为木、火、土、金、水五类,整个宇宙是由此五类不同层次的事物和现象之间的生克制化运动所构成的整体。
中医学以五行学说解释人体,将人体的五脏、六腑、五体、五官、五志等分归于五行之中,构筑以脏为中心的五个生理病理系统,并以五行的生克规律阐释这五个生理病理系统的相互关系。
五行学说帮助中医学建立了人体是一个有机整体和人与自然环境息息相关的整体思想,构筑了人体脏腑经络的系统模型,并用于解释疾病的病理传变和指导对疾病的诊断和防治。
广西部分重点中学2024届高三下第二次月考试题含解析
![广西部分重点中学2024届高三下第二次月考试题含解析](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/e0a8c7d25ff7ba0d4a7302768e9951e79b896929.png)
广西部分重点中学2024届高三下第二次月考试题注意事项:1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写,字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
一、选择题:(共6小题,每小题6分,共36分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求)1.下列有关细胞物质基础和结构基础的叙述,正确的是A.硝化细菌中的酶,在核糖体上合成,并由内质网和高尔基体加工B.液泡内有糖类、无机盐、色素等物质,只要有液泡就可以发生质壁分离和复原C.线粒体中的DNA,能进行自我复制并控制某些蛋白质的合成D.生物吸收氮元素用于合成脂肪、核酸及蛋白质2.图1、图2为激素发挥调节作用的两种方式,下列有关叙述错误的是()A.结构d为受体,激素与受体d一结合,激素b即被灭活B.胰高血糖素的调节方式如图1所示,其受体位于细胞膜上C.表明细胞膜具有控制物质进出细胞以及信息交流的功能D.性激素的调节方式如图2所示,其受体位于细胞内部3.为研究森林生态系统的碳循环,对西黄松老龄(未砍伐50〜250年)和幼龄(砍伐后22年)生态系统的有机碳库及年碳收支进行测定,结果见下表。
下列说法错误的是()西黄生态系统碳量生产者活生物量(g/m2)死有机质(g/m2)土壤有机碳(g/m2)净初级生产力*(g/m2·年)异养呼吸**(g/m2·年)老龄12730 2560 5330 470 440幼龄1460 3240 4310 360 390*净初级生产力:生产者光合作用固定总碳的速率减去自身呼吸作用消耗碳的速率。
**异养呼吸:消费者和分解者的呼吸作用。
A.西黄松群落被砍伐后,可逐渐形成自然幼龄群落,体现了生态系统的恢复力稳定性B.幼龄西黄松群落每平方米有360克碳用于生产者当年的生长、发育、繁殖,储存在生产者活生物量中C.西黄松幼龄群落中每克生产者活生物量的净初级生产力小于老龄群落D.根据年碳收支分析,幼龄西黄松群落不能降低大气碳总量4.促红细胞生成素(EPO)主要是由肾脏分泌的一种糖蛋白激素,能够促进红细胞生成。
山西省太原师院附中师苑中学校 2023-2024 学年高三下学期第二次月考生物试题(原卷版)
![山西省太原师院附中师苑中学校 2023-2024 学年高三下学期第二次月考生物试题(原卷版)](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/3efcdb8d7e192279168884868762caaedc33ba6d.png)
A.限制酶B.DNA聚合酶C.DNA连接酶D.解旋酶
三、非选择题(共50分)
21.兰花人工种子由人工种皮、原球茎和人工胚乳构成。原球茎是由胚性细胞组成、形态类似球茎的结构,可发育成完整植株。人工胚乳可调控原球茎的休眠,并为原球茎的发育提供营养成分和激素。回答下列问题:
(1)从盆栽兰花获取茎尖,消毒处理后接种于培养基,茎尖通过_________过程后生长为原球茎,原球茎在发芽培养基上可很快长出幼叶,然后在__________培养基中形成完整植株,该过程利用的技术是__________________。
植物快速繁殖、获得脱毒苗等
A.AB.BC.CD.D
17.20世纪70年代,我国科学家运用核移植技术,将鲤鱼囊胚细胞的细胞核移植到去核的鲫鱼卵中,培育出了鲤鲫移核鱼。与鲤鱼相比,鲤鲫移核鱼肌肉蛋白质含量高,生长速度快。科学家用鲤鲫移核鱼与镜鲤杂交,培育了颖鲤。颖鲤具有明显的生长优势,在体色、体型和生长速度等方面远优于移核鱼。以下说法,错误的是()
A.过程①不需要光照,细胞不发生基因的选择性表达
B.可利用培养的动物癌细胞来检测人参皂苷的抗癌活性
C.人参皂苷属于次级代谢产物,为人参生命活动所必需
D.过程②利用了细胞分裂的原理,体现了细胞的全能性
6.近年来,随着技术更新速度的加快,植物细胞育种也在快速发展。研究人员发现马铃薯脱毒苗的成苗率和脱毒率与外植体的大小有关,结果如图1;图2是获得马铃薯--番茄的流程图。下列相关叙述正确的是( )
安徽省六安第二中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第二次月考(10月) 数学试题
![安徽省六安第二中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第二次月考(10月) 数学试题](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/6528010b001ca300a6c30c22590102020740f22c.png)
六安二中2025届高三第二次月考试题数学分值:150分时间:120分钟注意事项1.考生务必将自己的姓名、班级写在答题卡上并粘好条形码.2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的选项涂黑.如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它选项.不能答在试题卷上.3.解答题按照题号在各题的答题区域(黑色线框)内作答,超出答题区域的答案无效.4.保持答题卡卷面清洁,不折叠,不破损.第Ⅰ卷(选择题58分)一、单项选择题:本大题共8小题,每题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的,请将正确的选项填涂在答题卡上.1.设集合{}|1A x x =<,集合{|B y y ==,则A∩B=()A.(-1,1)B.(0,1)C.[0,1)D.(1,+∞)2.已知x ∈R ,则“10ln 2x <≤”是“102x x -<-”的()A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件3.已知12log 3a =,sin6b π=,20.5c -=,则()A.a <b <cB.b <c <aC.c <a <bD.b <a <c4.函数2ln ||||x x y x =的图象大致是()A.B. C. D.5.已知函数f (x )是定义域为R 的奇函数,当x ≥0时,f (x )=x (x +2).若.f (2+m )+f (2m-5)>0,则m 的取值范围为()A.(-∞,0)B.(0,+∞)C.(-∞,1)D.(1,+∞)6.科学技能的迅猛发展,使人们在学校里学到的专业知识,逐步陈旧过时,这就是所谓的“知识半衰期”.1950年以前,知识的半衰期为50年:21世纪,知识的半衰期平均为3.2年;IT 业高级工程师1.8年.如果一个高三学生的初始知识量为0T ,则经过一定时间,即t 个月后的知识量T 满足01()2a a ht T T T T ⎛⎫-=- ⎪⎝⎭,h 称为知识半衰期,其中a T 是课堂知识量,若25a T =,某同学知识量从80降至75大约用时1个月,那么知识量从75降至45大约还需要()(参考数据:lg2≈0.30,lg11≈1.04)A.8个月B.9个月C.10个月D.11个月7、已知函数2,1()23,1x a a x f x ax ax a x ⎧+≥=⎨-+-+<⎩(a >0且a ≠1),若f (x )的值域为R ,则实数a 的取值范围是()A.20,3⎛⎤⎥⎝⎦B.31,2⎛⎤⎥⎝⎦C.[2,+∞)D.[3,+∞)8.对于x ∈(0,+∞),不等式()()ln 10x e mx m x -+-≥恒成立,则实数m 的取值范围为()A.0<m <1B.0<m ≤1C.0<m ≤eD.0<m <e二、多项选择题:本题共3小题,每小题6分,共18分.在每小题给出的选项中,有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得6分,部分选对的得部分,有选错的得0分.9.下列结论中正确的是()A.若函数f (x )的定义域为[0,2],则函数f (2x +2)的定义域为[-1,0]B.当x ∈R 时,不等式210kx kx ++>恒成立,则k 的取值范围是(0,4)C.命题“∀x >1,x 2-x >0”的否定是20001,0x x x ∃≤-≤”D.函数||12x y ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭的值域为(0,1]10.已知a =log 315,b =log 515,则()A.111ab+= B.ab >4C.a 2+b 2<8D.a +b >411.设函数f (x )与其导函数f '(x )定义域均为R ,且f '(x +2)为偶函数,110f x f x +--=()(),则()A.f '(1+x )=f '(1-x )B.f '(3)=0C.f '(2025)=1D.f (2+x )+f (2-x )=2f (2)第Ⅱ卷(非选择题92分)三、填空题:本题共3小题,每小题5分,共15分.12.函数2()lg(43)f x x x =-+的单调递减区间为__________.13.已知曲线y =x +ln x 在点(1,1)处的切线与曲线y =ax 2+(2a +3)x +1只有一个公共点,求a 的值__________.14.已知函数ln ,0,()1,0x x x f x x x x>⎧⎪=⎨-<⎪⎩若函数()()()()1g x f f x af x =-+有唯一零点,则实数a 的取值范围是__________.四、解答题:本题共5小题,共77分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.(13分)已知命题P :“∃x ∈R ,x 2-ax +1=0”为假命题,设实数a 的所有取值构成的集合为A .(Ⅰ)求集合C R A ;(Ⅱ)设集合B ={x |m+1<x <2m+1},若t ∈A 是t ∈B 的必要不充分条件,求实数m 的取值范围.16.(15分)已知函数21()log 1xf x x-=+.(Ⅰ)判断并证明f (x )的奇偶性;(Ⅱ)若对任意11,,[2,2]33x t ⎡⎤∈-∈-⎢⎣⎦,不等式.f (x )≥t 2+at -6恒成立,求实数a 的取值范围.17.(15分)函数f (x )=(x +1)e x .(Ⅰ)求函数在(-2,f (-2))处的切线方程;(Ⅱ)求出方程f (x )=a (a ∈R)的解的个数.18.(17分)已知函数.f (x )=ac 2x +(a -2)c x -x ,(Ⅰ)当a >0时,求f (x )的单调区间:(Ⅱ)若f (x )有两个零点,求a 的取值范围.19.(17分)从函数的观点看,方程的根就是函数的零点,设函数的零点为r .牛顿在《流数法》一书中,给出了高次代数方程的一种数值解法——牛顿法.具体做法如下:先在x 轴找初始点P 0(x 0,0),然后作y =f (x )在点Q 0(x 0,f (x 0))处切线,切线与x 轴交于点P 1(x 1,0),再作y =f (x )在点(Q 1(x 1,f (x 1))处切线(Q 1P 1⊥x 轴,以下同),切线与x 轴交于点.P 2(x 2,0),.再作y =f (x )在点Q 2(x 2,f (x 2))处切线,一直重复,可得到一列数:x 0,x 1,x 2,∴,x n .显然,它们会越来越逼近r .于是,求r 近似解的过程转化为求x n ,若设精度为ε,则把首次满足|x n -x n ₋1|<ε的x n 称为r 的近似解.(Ⅰ)设f (x )=x 3+x 2+1,试用牛顿法求方程.f (x )=0满足精度ε=0.4的近似解(取x 0=-1,且结果保留小数点后第二位);(Ⅱ)如图,设函数g(x )=2x ;(i)由以前所学知识,我们知道函数8g(x )=2x 没有零点,你能否用上述材料中的牛顿法加以解释?(ii)若设初始点为P 0(0,0),类比上述算法,求所得前n 个三角形00111211,,,n n n Q P P P PQ P P Q -- 的面积和.六安二中2025届高三第二次月考试题数学参考答案及评分标准(仅供参考)题号1234567891011答案CAADDCBCADABDBD6.【详解】由题意得117525(8025)2h⎛⎫-=- ⎪⎝⎭,即1110211h⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭;则14525(7525)2t H⎛⎫-=- ⎪⎝⎭,所以1120502th ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎢⎥=⨯ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎣⎦,得102115t⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,两边取对数102lg 1lg 115t =,25lg lg 2lg 52lg 2120.3110101lg11lg111 1.04lg 11t --⨯-===≈=---,故选:C.7.【详解】当x <1时,则f (x )=-ax 2+2ax -a +3=-a (x -1)2+3,且a >0,所以f (x )=-a (x -1)2+3<3,若函数f (x )的值域为R ,可知当x ≥1时,则.f (x )=a x +a 的值域包含[3,+∞),若0<a <1,则.f (x )=a x +a 在[1,+∞)内单调递减,可得f (x )≤f (1)=2a ,不合题意;若a >1,则.f (x )=a x +a 在[1,+∞)内单调递增,可得f (x )≥f (1)=2a ,则2a ≤3,解得312a <≤;综上所述:实数a 的取值范围是31,2⎛⎤⎥⎝⎦故选:B.8.【详解】已知x ∈(0,+∞),由()()ln 10x e mx m x -+-≥得,()()ln ln x mxe x e mx +≥+,构造函数f (x )=e x +x ,f (x )是R 上的增函数,则由.f (x )≥f (ln(m x ))得:x ≥ln(mx ),即x e m x ≤,令(),(0,)x eg x x x =∈+∞,2(1)()xx e g x x -'=,当x ∈(0,1),g'(x )<0,则g(x )单调递减,当x ∈(1,+∞),g'(x )>0,则g(x )单调递增,∴()()min 1g x g e ==,则m ≤e ,又m >0,则0<m ≤c .故选:C.9.【详解】A:由题设0≤2x +2≤2,则-1≤x ≤0,即f (2x +2)的定义域为[-1,0],A 对;B:当x ∈R 时,不等式kx 2+kx +1>0恒成立,当k =0时,1>0恒成立,当k ≠0时,则需满足2040k k k >⎧⎨∆=-<⎩,∴0<k <4,综合可得k 的取值范围是[0,4),B 不正确,C :由全称命题的否定为特称命题,故原命题的否定为20001,0x x x >-≤,C 错;D:令t =|x |∈[0,+∞),故1(0,1]2t y ⎛⎫=∈ ⎪⎝⎭,即||12x y ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭的值域为(0,1],D 对.故选:AD10.【详解】a =log 315>0,b =log 515>0,a ≠b ,且151511log 3log 51a b+=+=,故A 正确;又由111ab+=可知ab =a +b >4,B 正确;a 2+b 2≥2ab >8,故C 错误.11()224b aa b a b a b a b ⎛⎫+=++=++>= ⎪⎝⎭,D 正确;故选:ABD.11.【详解】对于A ,∵f (1+x )-f (1-x )=0,∴f '(1+x )+f '(1-x )=0,即f '(x )关于(1,0)对称,故A 错误;对于B ,)'(2f x +为偶函数,故f '(x +2)=f '(-x +2),即f '(x )关于x =2对称,由f '(x )关于x =2对称,知f '(3)=f '(1)=0,故B 正确;对于C ,f '(x )关于x =2对称和f '(x )关于(1,0)对称可得:f '(x )=-f '(-x +2)=f '(-x +4),故f '(x +4)=-f '(x +2)=-[-f '(x )]=f '(x ),即f '(x )的周期为4,所以f '(2025)=f '(1)=0,故C 错;对于D ,由(2()2)f x f x ''+=-+得:f (x +2)=-f (-x +2)+m ,即f (x +2)+f (-x +2)=m ,令x =0得,2f (2)=m ,故f (2+x )+f (2-x )=2f (2),故D 正确.故选:BD 12.(-∞,1)13.a =0或12a =详解(此题为书本选择性必修一第103页第13题)解:y =x +ln x 的导数为11y x'=+,曲线y =x +ln x 在x =1处的切线斜率为1121k =+=,则曲线y =x +ln x 在x =1处的切线方程为y -1=2x -2,即y =2x -1.由于切线与曲线y =ax 2+(2a +3)x +1只有一个公共点,y =ax 2+(2a +3)x +1可联立y =2x -1,得ax 2+(2a +1)x +2=0①有且只有一解,当a =0时①式变为x +2=0,则x =-2,方程①有且只有一解,符合题意;当a ≠0时,则Δ=(2a +1)2-8a =0,4a 2-4a +1=0,解得12a =综上,a =0或12a =.14.54a =-或-1≤a <1详解当x <0时,f (x )单调递减,图象为以y =-x 和y 轴为渐近线的双曲线的一支;当x >0时,有f '(x )=ln x +1,可得.f (x )在10,e ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭单调递减,在1,e ⎛⎫+∞ ⎪⎝⎭单调递增且min 11()f x f e e ⎛⎫==- ⎪⎝⎭,0lim ()0x f x →=,画出图象如下:由题意,f (f (x ))-af (x )+1=0有唯一解,设t =f (x ),则1t e <-,(否则至少对应2个x ,不满足题意),原方程化为f (t )-at +1=0,即f (t )=at -1,该方程存在唯一解t 0,且01(,)t e∈-∞-.转化为y =f (t )与y =at -1有唯一公共点,且该点横坐标在1,e ⎛⎫-∞- ⎪⎝⎭,画图如下:。
2024学年宁夏省重点中学高三下学期第二次月考(5月)数学试题试卷
![2024学年宁夏省重点中学高三下学期第二次月考(5月)数学试题试卷](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/79f2a8be85868762caaedd3383c4bb4cf7ecb793.png)
2024学年宁夏省重点中学高三下学期第二次月考(5月)数学试题试卷考生须知:1.全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分,全部在答题纸上作答。
选择题必须用2B 铅笔填涂;非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。
2.请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。
3.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
一、选择题:本题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.设ln3a =,则lg3b =,则( )A .a b a b ab +>->B .a b ab a b +>>-C .a b a b ab ->+>D .a b ab a b ->>+2.设1F ,2F 分别是椭圆2222:1(0)x y E a b a b+=>>的左、右焦点,过2F 的直线交椭圆于A ,B 两点,且120AF AF ⋅=,222AF F B =,则椭圆E 的离心率为( )A .23B .34C .53D .743.已知函数()cos sin 2f x x x =,下列结论不正确的是( ) A .()y f x =的图像关于点(),0π中心对称 B .()y f x =既是奇函数,又是周期函数C .()y f x =的图像关于直线2x π=对称D .()y f x =的最大值是324.某三棱锥的三视图如图所示,则该三棱锥的体积为A .23B .43C .2D .835.过抛物线22(0)y px p =>的焦点作直线交抛物线于A B ,两点,若线段AB 中点的横坐标为3,且8AB =,则抛物线的方程是( ) A .22y x =B .24y x =C .28y x =D .210y x =6.中国古代中的“礼、乐、射、御、书、数”合称“六艺”.“礼”,主要指德育;“乐”,主要指美育;“射”和“御”,就是体育和劳动;“书”,指各种历史文化知识;“数”,指数学.某校国学社团开展“六艺”课程讲座活动,每艺安排一节,连排六节,一天课程讲座排课有如下要求:“数”必须排在第三节,且“射”和“御”两门课程相邻排课,则“六艺”课程讲座不同的排课顺序共有( ) A .12种B .24种C .36种D .48种7.已知抛物线22(0)y px p =>,F 为抛物线的焦点且MN 为过焦点的弦,若||1OF =,||8MN =,则OMN 的面积为( ) A .22B .32C .42D .3228.设1F ,2F 分别为双曲线22221x y a b-=(a >0,b >0)的左、右焦点,过点1F 作圆222x y b += 的切线与双曲线的左支交于点P ,若212PF PF =,则双曲线的离心率为( ) A .2B .3C .5D .69.若集合{|2020}A x N x =∈=,22a =,则下列结论正确的是( )A .{}a A ⊆B .a A ⊆C .{}a A ∈D .a A ∉10.双曲线的离心率为,则其渐近线方程为 A .B .C .D .11.设复数z 满足|3|2z -=,z 在复平面内对应的点为(,)M a b ,则M 不可能为( ) A .3)B .(3,2)C .(5,0)D .(4,1)12.i 是虚数单位,若17(,)2ia bi ab R i+=+∈-,则乘积ab 的值是( ) A .-15B .-3C .3D .15二、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分。
2024-2025学年宁夏银川一中高三上学期第二次月考数学试题及答案
![2024-2025学年宁夏银川一中高三上学期第二次月考数学试题及答案](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/3994c917f342336c1eb91a37f111f18582d00c71.png)
银川一中2025届高三年级第二次月考数 学 试 卷注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上.2.作答时,务必将答案写在答题卡上.写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效.3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.一、单项选择题(共8小题,满分40分,每小题5分)1. 设集合{}1,4A =,{}240B x x x m =-+=,若{}1A B ⋂=,则集合B =( )A. {}1,3-B. {}1,3 C. {}1,0 D. {}1,52. 已知函数()10,()31x f x a a a -=>≠-恒过定点(),M m n ,则函数1()n g x m x +=+的图象不经过( )A. 第一象限B. 第二象限C. 第三象限D. 第四象限3. 已知实数a ,b ,c 在数轴上对应的点如图所示,则下列式子中正确的是()A b a c a-<+ B. 2c ab< C.c c b a> D. b c a c <4. 已知函数()f x 及其导函数(f x '的定义域均为R ,且()1f x '+为奇函数,则( )A. ()10f = B. ()20f '=C. ()()02f f = D. ()()02f f '='5. 如图为函数()y f x =在[]6,6-上的图像,则()f x 的解析式只可能是( ).A. ())ln cos f x x x=+ B. ())ln sin f x x x=+C. ())ln cos f x x x=- D. ())ln sin f x x x=.6. 当[]0,2πx ∈时,曲线cos y x =与π2cos 36y x ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭交点的个数为( )A. 3 B. 4C. 5D. 67. 已知3,24ππα⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭,π1πtan tan 424αα⎛⎫⎛⎫+=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,则21sin 24cos αα-=()A. 6+B. 6-C. 17+D. 17-8. 已知(),()f x g x 是定义域为R 函数,且()f x 是奇函数,()g x 是偶函数,满足2()()2f x g x ax x +=++,若对任意的1212x x <<<,都有g (x 1)−g (x 2)x 1−x 2>−5成立,则实数a 的取值范围是( )A [)0,∞+ B. 5,4∞⎡⎫-+⎪⎢⎣⎭ C. 5,4∞⎛⎫-+ ⎪⎝⎭ D. 5,04⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦二.多项选择题(共3小题,满分18分,每小题6分)9. 下列说法正确的是( )A. 函数()2f x x =+与()2g x =是同一个函数B. 若函数()f x 的定义域为[]0,3,则函数(3)f x 的定义域为[]0,1C. 已知命题p :0x ∀>,20x ≥,则命题p 的否定为0x ∃>,20x <D. 定义在R 上的偶函数()f x 满足()(2)0f x f x --=,则函数()f x 的周期为210. 已知函数()πsin 24f x x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭,则下列说法正确的是( )A.π2是函数()f x 的周期B. 函数()f x 在区间π0,6⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上单调递增C. 函数()f x 的图象可由函数sin 2y x =向左平移π8个单位长度得到()πsin 24f x x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭D. 函数()f x 对称轴方程为()ππZ 48k x k =-∈11. 已知函数()323f x ax ax b =-+,其中实数0,a b >∈R ,则下列结论正确的是( )A. ()f x 在()0,∞+上单调递增的.的B. 当()f x 有且仅有3个零点时,b 的取值范围是()0,4a C. 若直线l 与曲线()y f x =有3个不同的交点()()()112233,,,,,A x y B x y C x y ,且AB AC =,则1233x x x ++=D. 当56a b a <<时,过点()2,P a 可以作曲线()y f x =的3条切线三、填空题(共3小题,满分15分,每小题5分)12. 已知函数2()()f x x x a =+在1x =处有极小值,则实数a =______.13. 已知函数y =f (x )为奇函数,且最大值为1,则函数()21y f x =+的最大值和最小值的和为__________.14. 在三角函数部分,我们研究过二倍角公式2cos 22cos 1x x =-,我们还可以用类似方式继续得到三倍角公式.根据你的研究结果解决如下问题:在锐角△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 的对边分别为a ,b ,c ,若π3A ≤,3cos 4cos 3cos 0C A A +-=,则()14tan tan A B A +-的取值范围是________.四、解答题(共5小题,满分77分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.)15. 已知函数()cos ex xf x =.(1)讨论函数()f x 在区间()0,π上的单调性;(2)若存在0π0,2x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦,使得00()0f x x λ-≤成立,求实数λ的取值范围.16. 如图,AB 是半圆ACB 的直径,O 为AB 中点,,2OC AB AB ⊥=,直线BD AB ⊥,点P 为 BC上一动点(包括,B C 两点),Q 与P 关于直线OC 对称,记,,POB PF BD F θ∠=⊥为垂足,,PE AB E ⊥为垂足.(1)记 CP的长度为1l ,线段PF 长度为2l ,试将12L l l =+表示为θ的函数,并判断其单调性;(2)记扇形POQ 的面积为1S ,四边形PEBF 面积为2S ,求12S S S =+的值域.17. 已知函数π()2sin()(0,||)2f x x ωϕωϕ=+><,再从条件①,条件②,条件③这三个条件中选择两个作为一组已知条件,使()f x 的解析式唯一确定.条件①:(0)0f =;条件②:若12()2,()2f x f x ==-,且12x x -的最小值为π2;条件③:()f x 图象的一条对称轴为π4x =-.(1)求()f x 的解析式;(2)设函数()()(6g x f x f x π=++,若π0,2α⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭,且()2g α=,求π()224f α-的值.18. 已知函数(1)()ln 1a x f x x x -=-+.(1)当2a =时,求函数()f x 在点(1,(1))f 处切线方程;(2)若函数()f x 在区间(0,)+∞上单调递增,求实数a 的取值范围;(3)讨论函数()f x 的零点个数.19. 定义:如果函数()f x 在定义域内,存在极大值()1f x 和极小值()2f x ,且存在一个常数k ,使()()()1212f x f x k x x -=-成立,则称函数()f x 为极值可差比函数,常数k 称为该函数的极值差比系数.已知函数()1ln f x x a x=--.(1)当52a =时,判断()f x 是否为极值可差比函数,并说明理由;(2)是否存在a 使()f x 的极值差比系数为2a -?若存在,求出a 的值;若不存在,请说明理由;(352a ≤≤,求()f x 的极值差比系数的取值范围.的银川一中2025届高三年级第二次月考数 学 试 卷注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上.2.作答时,务必将答案写在答题卡上.写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效.3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.一、单项选择题(共8小题,满分40分,每小题5分)1. 设集合{}1,4A =,{}240B x x x m =-+=,若{}1A B ⋂=,则集合B =( )A. {}1,3-B. {}1,3 C. {}1,0 D. {}1,5【答案】B 【解析】【分析】根据交集结果知1B ∈,将x =1代入方程求出m ,再求集合B 即可.【详解】由{}1A B ⋂=可知:21403m m -+=⇒=,当3m =时,2430x x -+=,解得:x =1或3x =,即{}1,3B =.故选:B2. 已知函数()10,()31x f x a a a -=>≠-恒过定点(),M m n ,则函数1()n g x m x +=+的图象不经过( )A. 第一象限 B. 第二象限C. 第三象限D. 第四象限【答案】D 【解析】【分析】利用指数函数的性质求解.【详解】01a = ,1()3x f x a-∴=-恒过定点()1,2-,1m ∴=,2n =-,11(1)1g x x x-=++=∴,其图象如图所示,因此不经过第四象限,故选:D .3. 已知实数a ,b ,c 在数轴上对应的点如图所示,则下列式子中正确的是( )A. b a c a -<+B. 2c ab< C.c c b a> D. b c a c <【答案】D 【解析】【分析】由数轴知0c b a <<< ,不妨取=3,2,1c b a -=-=-检验选项得解.【详解】由数轴知0c b a <<< ,不妨取=3,2,1c b a -=-=-,对于A ,2121-+>-- ,∴ 不成立.对于B ,2(3)(2)(1)->-- ,∴ 不成立.对于C , 3231-<---,∴ 不成立.对于D ,(3)1(3)2-<´--´- ,因此成立. 故选:D .【点睛】利用不等式性质比较大小.要注意不等式性质成立的前提条件.解决此类问题除根据不等式的性质求解外,还经常采用特殊值验证的方法.4. 已知函数()f x 及其导函数()f x '的定义域均为R ,且()1f x '+为奇函数,则( )A. ()10f = B. ()20f '=C. ()()02f f = D. ()()02f f '='【答案】C 【解析】【分析】取()1f x x '+=,()212f x x x c =-+,逐项判断.【详解】解:因为函数()f x 及其导函数()f x '的定义域均为R ,且()1f x '+为奇函数,所以不妨设()1f x x '+=,则()1f x x '=-,()()21,01f f '='=-,故BD 错误;取()212f x x x c =-+,则()()()11,022f c f f c =-==,故A 错误,C 正确,故选:C5. 如图为函数()y f x =在[]6,6-上的图像,则()f x 的解析式只可能是( ).A. ())ln cos f x x x=+ B. ())lnsin f x x x=+C. ())ln cos f x x x=- D. ())ln sin f x x x=【答案】A 【解析】【分析】判断函数的奇偶性,结合函数在给定区间上的符号,利用排除法求解即可.【详解】对于B.()f x 的定义域为R,且())sin()f x x x -=--)sin )sin ()x x x x f x =--==,故()f x 为偶函数;对于D.()f x 的定义域为R,且())sin()f x x x -=+-)sin )sin ()x x x x f x =-+=-=,故()f x 为偶函数;由图象,可知()y f x =奇函数,故排除B 、D ;对于C.当π02x <<时,由22221(1)21x x x x =+<+=++,可知01x <<,则)0x <,而cos 0x >,此时()0f x <,故排除D ;故选:A.6. 当[]0,2πx ∈时,曲线cos y x =与π2cos 36y x ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭交点的个数为( )A. 3 B. 4C. 5D. 6【答案】D【解析】为【分析】分别画出cos y x =与π2cos 36y x ⎛⎫=-⎪⎝⎭在[]0,2π上的函数图象,根据图象判断即可.【详解】cos y x =与π2cos 36y x ⎛⎫=-⎪⎝⎭在[]0,2π上的函数图象如图所示,由图象可知,两个函数图象交点的个数为6个.故选:D.7. 已知3,24ππα⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭,π1πtan tan 424αα⎛⎫⎛⎫+=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,则21sin 24cos αα-=()A. 6+B. 6-C. 17+D. 17-【答案】A 【解析】tan α,然后结合二倍角公式及同角基本关系对所求式子进行化简,即可求解.【详解】因为3,24ππα⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭,π1πtan tan 424αα⎛⎫⎛⎫+=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,所以1tan 11tan 1tan 21tan αααα+-=⨯-+,tan 1α<-,解得tan 3α=--或tan 3α=-+(舍),则()222221sin 2sin cos 2sin cos 1tan 2tan 14cos 4cos 4ααααααααα-+-==-+()()2211tan 131644α----=+==故选:A.8. 已知(),()f x g x 是定义域为R 的函数,且()f x 是奇函数,()g x 是偶函数,满足2()()2f x g x ax x +=++,若对任意的1212x x <<<,都有()()12125g x g x x x ->--成立,则实数a 的取值范围是( )A. [)0,∞+ B. 5,4∞⎡⎫-+⎪⎢⎣⎭ C. 5,4∞⎛⎫-+ ⎪⎝⎭ D. 5,04⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦【答案】B 【解析】【分析】根据奇偶函数构造方程组求出()g x 的解析式,再根据题意得到()232h x ax x =++在()1,2x ∈单调递增,分类讨论即可求解.【详解】由题意可得()()22f x g x ax x -+-=-+,因为()f x 是奇函数,()g x 是偶函数,所以()()22f x g x ax x -+=-+,联立()()()()2222f xg x ax x f x g x ax x ⎧+=++⎪⎨-+=-+⎪⎩,解得()22g x ax =+,又因为对于任意的1212x x <<<,都有()()12125g x g x x x ->--成立,所以()()121255g x g x x x -<-+,即()()112255g x x g x x +<+成立,构造()()2552h x g x x ax x =+=++,所以由上述过程可得()252h x ax x =++在()1,2x ∈单调递增,若0a <,则对称轴0522x a =-≥,解得5<04a -≤;若0a =,则()52h x x =+在()1,2x ∈单调递增,满足题意;若a >0,则对称轴0512x a=-≤恒成立;综上,5,4a ∞⎡⎫∈-+⎪⎢⎣⎭.故选:B二.多项选择题(共3小题,满分18分,每小题6分)9. 下列说法正确的是( )A. 函数()2f x x =+与()2g x =是同一个函数B. 若函数()f x 的定义域为[]0,3,则函数(3)f x 的定义域为[]0,1C. 已知命题p :0x ∀>,20x ≥,则命题p 的否定为0x ∃>,20x <D. 定义在R 上的偶函数()f x 满足()(2)0f x f x --=,则函数()f x 的周期为2【答案】BCD 【解析】【分析】A 选项,两函数定义域不同;B 选项,令033x ≤≤,求出01x ≤≤,得到函数定义域;C 选项,全称量词命题的否定是特称量词命题,把任意改为存在,把结论否定;D 选项,根据函数为偶函数得到f (−x )=f (x ),故()(2)f x f x -=-,得到函数周期.【详解】A 选项,()2f x x =+的定义域为R ,令20x +≥,解得2x ≥-,故()2g x =的定义域为2x ≥-,定义域不同,A 错误;B 选项,令033x ≤≤,解得01x ≤≤,故函数(3)f x 的定义域为[]0,1,B 正确;C 选项,命题p 的否定为0x ∃>,20x <,C 正确;D 选项,()f x 偶函数,故f (−x )=f (x ),又()(2)f x f x =-,故()(2)f x f x -=-,则函数()f x 的周期为2,D 正确.故选:BCD10. 已知函数()sin 2f x x ⎛= ⎝)A.π2是函数()f x 的周期B. 函数()f x 在区间π0,6⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上单调递增C. 函数()f x 的图象可由函数sin 2y x =向左平移π8个单位长度得到()πsin 24f x x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭D. 函数()f x 的对称轴方程为()ππZ 48k x k =-∈【答案】ACD 【解析】【分析】利用三角函数图象与性质逐一判断选项即可.【详解】因为()πππsin 2πsin 2244f x x x f x ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫+=++=+= ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭,所以π2是函数()f x 的周期,故A 为的正确;∵π0,6x ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭,∴ππ7π2,4412u x ⎛⎫=+∈ ⎪⎝⎭,又sin sin y u u ==在π7π,412⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上不单调,故B 错误;∵函数sin 2y x =向左平移π8个单位长度得到ππsin 2sin 284x x ⎛⎫⎛⎫+=+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,故C 正确;令2π4π2k x +=,得()ππZ 48k x k =-∈,故D 正确,故选:ACD .11. 已知函数()323f x ax ax b =-+,其中实数0,a b >∈R ,则下列结论正确的是( )A. ()f x 在()0,∞+上单调递增B. 当()f x 有且仅有3个零点时,b 的取值范围是()0,4a C. 若直线l 与曲线()y f x =有3个不同的交点()()()112233,,,,,A x y B x y C x y ,且AB AC =,则1233x x x ++=D. 当56a b a <<时,过点()2,P a 可以作曲线()y f x =的3条切线【答案】BCD 【解析】【分析】选项A 根据导函数及0a 可判断单调性;选项B 根据极大值极小值可得;选项C 由三次函数对称中心可得;选项D ,先求过点P 的切线方程,将切线个数转化为()322912g x ax ax ax a =-++与y b=图象交点个数,进而可得.【详解】选项A :由题意可得()()236=32f x ax ax ax x ='--,令()0f x '=解得0x =或2x =,因为0a >,所以令f ′(x )>0解得0x <或2x >,令f ′(x )<0解得02x <<,故()f x 在区间(),0∞-或()2,∞+上单调递增,在(0,2)上单调递减,故A 错误,选项B :要使()f x 有且仅有3个零点时,只需()()0020f f ⎧>⎪⎨<⎪⎩即08120b a a b >⎧⎨-+<⎩,解得04b a <<,故B正确;选项C :若直线l 与曲线y =f (x )有3个不同的交点()()()112233,,,,,A x y B x y C x y ,且AB AC =,则点A 是三次函数()f x 的对称中心,设()()236h x f x ax ax ==-',则()66h x ax a '=-,令()0h x '=,得1x =,故()f x 的对称中心为(1,f (1)),123133x x x x ++==,故C 正确;选项D :()236f x ax ax '=-,设切点为()32000,3C x ax ax b -+,所以在点C 处的切线方程为:()()()3220000336y ax ax b ax ax x x --+=--,又因为切线过点()2,P a ,所以()()()32200003362a ax ax b ax ax x --+=--,解得320002912ax ax ax a b -++=,令()322912,g x ax ax ax a y b =-++=,过点()2,P a 可以作曲线y =f (x )的切线条数可转化为y =g (x )与y b =图象交点个数,()()()261812612g x ax ax a a x x =-+=--',因为0a >,所以()0g x '>得1x <或2x >,()0g x '<得12x <<,则()g x 在(),1∞-,()2,∞+上单调递增,在()1,2上单调递减,且()16g a =,()25g a =,()g x 图象如图所示,所以当56a b a <<时,y =g (x )与y b =图象有3个交点,即过点()2,P a 可以作曲线y =f (x )的3条切线,故D 正确,故选:BCD三、填空题(共3小题,满分15分,每小题5分)12. 已知函数2()()f x x x a =+在1x =处有极小值,则实数a =______.【答案】1-【解析】【分析】通过对函数()f x 求导,根据函数()f x 在1x =处有极小值,可知()0f x '=,解得a 的值,再验证即可求出a 的值.【详解】因为2()()f x x x a =+,所以22322()(2)2f x x x ax a x ax a x =++=++,所以22()34f x x ax a '=++,而函数2()()f x x x a =+在1x =处有极小值,所以()10f '=,故2340a a ++=,解得11a =-或23a =-,当23a =-时,()23129f x x x =-+',令f ′(x )<0,()1,3x ∈,令f ′(x )>0,()(),13,x ∞∞∈-⋃+,故此时()f x 在()(),1,3,∞∞-+上单调递增,在()1,3上单调递减,此时()f x 在1x =处有极大值,不符合题意,排除,当11a =-时,()2341f x x x '=-+,令f ′(x )<0,1,13x ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭,令f ′(x )>0,()1,1,3x ∞∞⎛⎫∈-⋃+ ⎪⎝⎭,故此时()f x 在()1,,1,3∞∞⎛⎫-+ ⎪⎝⎭上单调递增,在1,13⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭上单调递减,此时()f x 在1x =处有极小值,符合题意,故答案为:1-.13. 已知函数y =f (x )为奇函数,且最大值为1,则函数()21y f x =+的最大值和最小值的和为__________.【答案】2【解析】【分析】根据奇函数的性质求解即可.【详解】奇函数如果存在最值,则最大值和最小值之和为0,所以函数()f x 最大值和最小值之和为0,则函数()21y f x =+的最大值和最小值之和为2.故答案为:2.14. 在三角函数部分,我们研究过二倍角公式2cos 22cos 1x x =-,我们还可以用类似方式继续得到三倍角公式.根据你的研究结果解决如下问题:在锐角△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 的对边分别为a ,b ,c ,若π3A ≤,3cos 4cos 3cos 0C A A +-=,则()14tan tan A B A +-的取值范围是________.【答案】⎫⎪⎪⎭【解析】【分析】利用32A A A =+,再根据整体思想将()cos3cos 2A A A =+转化为两角和的余弦值化简,再利用诱导公式可得2B A =,根据锐角三角形性质可得A 取值范围,从而得tan A 的取值范围,代入()14tan tan A B A +-化简即可得出结论.【详解】三倍角公式:()cos3cos 2cos 2cos sin 2sin A A A A A A A =+=-()()222cos 1cos 21cos cos A A A A =---34cos 3cos A A =-,因为3cos 4cos 3cos C A A +-=,所以cos cos30C A +=.故()cos cos30cos cos3cos π3π32C A C A A C A B A +=⇒=-=-⇒=-⇒=,△ABC 为锐角三角形,故π0,2π02,2π0π3,2A A A ⎧<<⎪⎪⎪<<⎨⎪⎪<-<⎪⎩解得ππ64A <<,tan 1A <<,()114tan 4tan tan tan A A B A A ⎫+=+∈⎪⎪-⎭.故答案为:⎫⎪⎪⎭四、解答题(共5小题,满分77分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.)15 已知函数()cos e xxf x =.(1)讨论函数()f x 在区间()0,π上的单调性;(2)若存在0π0,2x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦,使得00()0f x x λ-≤成立,求实数λ的取值范围.【答案】(1)()f x 在3π0,4⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭上单调递减,在3π,π4⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上单调递增; (2)[)0,∞+【解析】【分析】(1)求导,即可根据导函数的正负求解,(2)将问题转化为存在0π0,2x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦,000cos 0e x x x λ-≤成立,构造函数()cos π0e 2x x g x x x ⎛⎫=<≤ ⎪⎝⎭,求导得函数的最值即可求解.【小问1详解】()sin cos π0e 4x x x f x x +⎛⎫=-=+= ⎪⎝⎭',解得ππ4x k k =-+∈Z ,,因为x ∈(0,π),所以3π4x =,当()3π0,04x f x ⎛⎫∈< '⎪⎝⎭,,当x ∈π,f ′(x )>0,所以()f x 在3π0,4⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭上单调递减,在3π,π4⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上单调递增;【小问2详解】()()00000cos 00ex x f x x f x x λλ-≤⇒=-≤,当00x =时,由0cos 0ex x x λ-≤可得10≤不成立,当0π0,2x ⎛⎤∈ ⎥⎝⎦时,000cos e x x x λ≥,令()()2cos πsin cos cos 00e 2ex xx x x x x xg x x g x x x ---⎛⎫=<≤=< ⎪⎝⎭',恒成立,.故()g x 在π0,2x ⎛⎤∈ ⎥⎝⎦单调递减,所以()min π02g x g λ⎛⎫≥==⎪⎝⎭,所以λ的取值范围为[)0,∞+.16. 如图,AB 是半圆ACB 的直径,O 为AB 中点,,2OC AB AB ⊥=,直线BD AB ⊥,点P 为 BC上一动点(包括,B C 两点),Q 与P 关于直线OC 对称,记,,POB PF BD F θ∠=⊥为垂足,,PE AB E ⊥为垂足.(1)记 CP的长度为1l ,线段PF 长度为2l ,试将12L l l =+表示为θ的函数,并判断其单调性;(2)记扇形POQ 的面积为1S ,四边形PEBF 面积为2S ,求12S S S =+的值域.【答案】(1)12π1cos 2L l l θθ=+=-+在π0,2θ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调递减(2)S 的值域为ππ62⎡⎤+⎢⎥⎣⎦【解析】【分析】(1)由题意得π0,2θ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦,根据扇形弧长公式求得1l ,再得PF 长度为2l ,从而得12L l l =+,利用导数判断其单调性;(2)根据扇形面积公式得1S ,再得四边形PEBF 面积为2S ,从而得12S S S =+,求导确定单调性极值与最值即可12S S S =+的函数.【小问1详解】因POB θ∠=,则由题意知π0,2θ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦,由题意可得,π2COP θ∠=-,圆半径为1,所以1π2l θ=-,又21cos l PF OB OE θ==-=-,所以12ππ1cos ,022L l l θθθ=+=-+-<<,则1sin 0L θ=-'+<恒成立,所以12π1cos 2L l l θθ=+=-+-在π0,2θ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调递减.【小问2详解】由题意可得211ππ21222S θθ⎛⎫=⨯-⨯=- ⎪⎝⎭,因为,PF BD PE AB ⊥⊥,所以四边形PEBF 为矩形,于是()2sin 1cos S PE BE θθ=⋅=-,所以()12πsin 1cos 2S S S θθθ=+=-+-,其中π0,2θ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦,求导得()()1cos 1cos sin sin 1cos cos 2cos 12cos S θθθθθθθθ=-+-+⋅=-+-=-',令0S '=得1cos 2θ=,即π3θ=,则可得如下表格:θ0π0,3⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭π3ππ,32⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭π2S '-0+Sπ2极小值1由表可知当π3θ=时,min π6S S ==+极小值,max π2S =,所以S 的值域为ππ62⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦.17. 已知函数π()2sin()(0,||)2f x x ωϕωϕ=+><,再从条件①,条件②,条件③这三个条件中选择两个作为一组已知条件,使()f x 的解析式唯一确定.条件①:(0)0f =;条件②:若12()2,()2f x f x ==-,且12x x -的最小值为π2;条件③:()f x 图象的一条对称轴为π4x =-.(1)求()f x 的解析式;(2)设函数()()(6g x f x f x π=++,若π0,2α⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭,且()2g α=,求π()224f α-的值.【答案】(1)所选条件见解析,()2sin2f x x =;(2)【解析】【分析】(1)根据条件结合三角函数图象性质即可求解;(2)利用三角恒等变换和配凑角即可求解.【小问1详解】选择条件①②:由条件①()00f =,所以2sin 0ϕ=,解得π,Z k k ϕ=∈,又π2ϕ<,所以0ϕ=,由条件②得π22T =,得πT =,所以2π2Tω==,所以()2sin2f x x =;选择条件①③:由条件①()00f =,所以2sin 0ϕ=,解得π,Z k k ϕ=∈,又π2ϕ<,所以0ϕ=.由条件③,得ππ(π+,Z 42k k ω⨯-=∈,解得42,Z k k ω=--∈,所以()f x 的解析式不唯一,不合题意;选择条件②③:由条件②得π22T =,得πT =,所以2π2Tω==,所以()()2sin 2f x x ϕ=+,又()f x 图象的一条对称轴为π4x =-,所以ππ2()π+,Z 42k k ϕ⨯-+=∈,解得()1πk ϕ=+,又π2ϕ<,所以0ϕ=,所以()2sin2f x x =;【小问2详解】解:由题意得()π2sin22sin(23g x x x =++ππ2sin22sin 2cos2cos 2sin 33x x x =++3sin22x x=+π)6x =+,因为()2g α=,所以π6α+=,即π3sin 65α⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭,又π0,2α⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭,所以ππ2π(,663α+∈,若ππ2π[,623α+∈,则πsin()6α+∈,又π3sin 65α⎛⎫+=< ⎪⎝⎭,所以πππ(,)662α+∈,因为22ππsin (cos (166αα+++=,所以π4cos()65α+=±,又πππ(,662α+∈,所以π4cos(65α+=,所以ππ()2sin 2()224224f αα-=-π2sin()12α=-ππ2sin[(]64α=+-ππππ2sin()cos 2cos()sin6464αα=+-+=18. 已知函数(1)()ln 1a x f x x x -=-+.(1)当2a =时,求函数()f x 在点(1,(1))f 处的切线方程;(2)若函数()f x 在区间(0,)+∞上单调递增,求实数a 的取值范围;(3)讨论函数()f x 的零点个数.【答案】(1)0y =; (2)(],2∞-;(3)2a ≤时,()f x 有1个零点,2a >时,()f x 有3个零点【解析】【分析】(1)由导数法求切线即可;(2)函数()f x 在区间(0,)+∞上单调递增等价于()212()01af x x x '=-≥+在(0,)+∞上恒成立,即()2111222x x a xx+≤=++在(0,)+∞上恒成立,由均值不等式求1122x x ++最小值即可;(3)当2a ≤,由(2)中()f x 在区间(0,)+∞上单调递增可得()f x 有1个零点,当2a >,由导数法讨论()f x 的单调性,再结合零点存在定理判断即可.【小问1详解】()ln f x x a =-,()()()22222112()11x a x a f x x x x x --+'=-=++,(1)0f =,当2a =时,()214(1)01f x x '=-=+,故函数()f x 在点(1,(1))f 处的切线方程为0y =;【小问2详解】函数()f x 在区间(0,)+∞上单调递增等价于()212()01a f x x x '=-≥+在(0,)+∞上恒成立,即()2111222x x a xx+≤=++在(0,)+∞上恒成立,∵111222x x ++≥=,当且仅当122x x =即1x =时成立,故实数a 的取值范围为(],2-∞;【小问3详解】由(2)得,当2a ≤,函数()f x 在区间(0,)+∞上单调递增,又(1)0f =,故()f x 有1个零点;当2a >,令()2()221g x x a x =--+,由()0g x =得,11x a =--,21x a =-,()10,1x ==,()21,x =++∞,由二次函数性质,在()10,x 上,()0g x >,()0f x '>;在()12,x x 上,()0g x <,()0f x '<;在()2,x +∞,()0g x >,()0f x '>,∴()f x 在()10,x ,()2,x +∞单调递增,在()12,x x 单调递减,又(1)0f =,∴()10f x >,()20f x <,又(e )0e 12aa a f =>+,e (e )210e 1a a a f a -⎛⎫=-< ⎪+⎝⎭,所以存在唯一的()()()3141252e ,,,,,e a a x x x x x x x -∈∈∈,使得()()()3450f x f x f x ===,即()f x 有3个零点.【点睛】(1)含参不等式恒成立问题,一般通过构造函数解决.一般将参数分离出来,用导数法讨论不含参数部分的最值;或者包含参数一起,用导数法对参数分类讨论.当参数不能分离出来时,也可尝试将不等式左右变形成一致形式,即可将该形式构造成函数,通过导数法.(2)含参函数零点个数问题,i. 一般对参数分类讨论,利用导数研究函数的单调性,结合函数图象与零点存在定理判断;ii. 将参数分离出来,用导数法讨论不含参数部分的单调性,由数形结合,转化成两个图象交点的问题;19. 定义:如果函数()f x 在定义域内,存在极大值()1f x 和极小值()2f x ,且存在一个常数k ,使()()()1212f x f x k x x -=-成立,则称函数()f x 为极值可差比函数,常数k 称为该函数的极值差比系数.已知函数()1ln f x x a x x =--.(1)当52a =时,判断()f x 是否为极值可差比函数,并说明理由;(2)是否存在a 使()f x 的极值差比系数为2a -?若存在,求出a 的值;若不存在,请说明理由;(352a ≤≤,求()f x 的极值差比系数的取值范围.【答案】(1)()f x 是极值可差比函数,理由见解析;(2)不存在a 使()f x 的极值差比系数为2a -,理由见解析;(3)102ln2,23ln23⎡⎤--⎢⎥⎣⎦.【解析】【分析】(1)利用函数的导函数求出单调区间,由此得出极大值与极小值,由“极值可差比函数”的定义,求出极值差比系数k 的值,这样的值存在即可判断.(2)反证法,假设存在这样的a ,又“极值可差比函数”的定义列出等量关系,证明无解即可.(3)由(2)得到参数a 与极值点的关系式,对关系式进行转化,得出相应函数,利用导函数求出单调性即可得出函数取值范围.【小问1详解】当52a =时,()15ln (0)2f x x x x x =-->,所以()()()2221215122x x f x x x x-='-=+-,当()10,2,2x ∞⎛⎫∈⋃+ ⎪⎝⎭时,f ′(x )>0;当1,22x ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭时,f ′(x )<0,所以()f x 在10,2⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭和()2,∞+上单调递增,在1,22⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭上单调递减,所以()f x 极大值为153ln2222f ⎛⎫=-⎪⎝⎭,极小值为()352ln222f =-,所以()110122ln22232f f ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫-=-- ⎪ ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭,因此()f x 是极值可差比函数.【小问2详解】()f x 的定义域为()()210,,1a f x x x ∞+=+-',即()221x ax f x x -+'=,假设存在a ,使得()f x 的极值差比系数为2a -,则12,x x 是方程210x ax -+=的两个不等正实根,21212Δ401a x x ax x ⎧=->⎪+=⎨⎪=⎩,解得2a >,不妨设12x x <,则21x >,由于()()1211221211ln ln f x f x x a x x a x x x ⎛⎫-=----- ⎪⎝⎭的()11212211ln x x x a x x x ⎛⎫=-+- ⎪⎝⎭()()11121221222ln 2ln ,x x a x x a x x x x x x ⎛⎫=--=-- ⎪-⎝⎭所以112222ln x a a x x x -=--,从而11221ln 1x x x x =-,得()22212ln 0,*x x x --=令()()2222121(1)2ln (1),0x x x g x x x x g x x x x-+-=-->==>',所以()g x 在(1,+∞)上单调递增,有()()10g x g >=,因此()*式无解,即不存在a 使()f x 的极值差比系数为2a -.【小问3详解】由(2)知极值差比系数为11222ln x a x x x --,即1211222ln x x x x x x +--,不妨设120x x <<,令()12,0,1x t t x =∈,极值差比系数可化为12ln 1t t t +--,()2122121221122x x x x a t x x x x t+==++=++,52a ≤≤,解得1142t ≤≤,令()()212ln 1112ln ,142(1)t t t t p t t t p t t t +-+⎛⎫=-≤≤= '⎪--⎝⎭,设()()2221121212ln 1,14t t h t t t t h t t t t t --⎛⎫=+-≤≤=--= ⎪'⎝⎭22(1)0t t-=-≤所以()h t 在1,14⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调递减,当1,14t ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦时,()()1102h t h h ⎛⎫≥>= ⎪⎝⎭,从而()0p t '>,所以()p t 在11,42⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调递增,所以()1142p p t p ⎛⎫⎛⎫≤≤ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,即()102ln223ln23p t -≤≤-.故()f x 的极值差比系数的取值范围为102ln2,23ln23⎡⎤--⎢⎥⎣⎦.【点睛】思路点睛:合理利用导函数和“极值可差比函数”定义,在(2)利用极值点的性质找到几个变量间的基本关系,利用函数单调性判断方程无解。
福建省厦门双十中学2024~2025学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试题
![福建省厦门双十中学2024~2025学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试题](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/fac7e53c814d2b160b4e767f5acfa1c7ab008202.png)
福建省厦门双十中学2024~2025学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试题一、阅读理解Redoxon Double Action Kids ChewableThis product provides a unique combination of Vitamin C and Zinc, active ingredients which are suited for the growth and development of kids (2-12 years). Vitamin C helps to speed up recovery from colds and Zinc is crucial for the normal cellular immune function. The tablets come in a heart shaped format with a delicious tutti frutti flavor.Sugar-FreeDosage:Children (2-3 years): 1 tablet dailyChildren (4 years and above): 1-2 tablets dailyOr as directed by a physician.Store below 25℃.Recommended to children who can thoroughly chew and safely swallow without supervision.A2Always wash hands with soap and water and dry using a clean cloth. Add two built-in level scoops of powder for each 100ml of water. Serve immediately or chill in refrigerator for 30 minutes. Prepare each drink as needed. It is safer to use freshly prepared drinks. Do not store drinks for more than 24 hours in the refrigerator. After months, water and milk should be your toddler’s (学步的小孩) main drinks. These should be offered in a cup rather than a feeding bottle. Always close lid immediately after use. Use contents within 4 weeks of opening.MFD 21/04/2016 20:26USE BY 19/04/2017Made In New Zealand1.Who may need Redoxon Double Action Kids Chewable most?A.A 2-year-old boy who likes a heart shape.B.A 3-year-old girl who often suffers from colds.C.A baby who has a sweet tooth.D.A high school student who lacks Vitamin C.2.Which of the following statements is true about A2?A.For a toddler a cup instead of a feeding bottle is recommended.B.It’s better to use this can of A2 before April 19, 2016.C.We’d better use up A2 within about 4 months.D.Unfinished drinks must be abandoned immediately.3.The information is most probably taken from _____________.A.a beauty magazine B.a travel brochureC.instructions of products D.feeding guidesSome people will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. Take my family’s last vacation. It was my six-yearold son’s winter break from school, and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a week long trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.I had meetings in New York, so I had to get back. But that didn’t mean my husband and my son couldn’t stay. I took my nine-monthold and took off for home.The next day, my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight. Yes, I encouraged — okay, ordered — them to wait it out at the airport, to “earn” more Delta Dollars. Our total take: $1,600.Not bad, huh?Now some people may think I’m a bad mother and not such a great wife either. But as a bigtime bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.I’ve made a living looking for the best deals and exposing(揭露)the worst tricks. I have been the consumer reporter of NBC’s Today show for over a decade. I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide. And I really do what I believe in.I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money’s worth. I’m also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants. But I wouldn’t hesitate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps its shape longer, and it’s the first thing people notice. And Iwill also spend on a classic piece of furniture. Quality lasts.4.Why did Delta give the author’s family credits?A.They took a later flight.B.They had early bookings.C.Their flight had been delayed.D.Their flight had been cancelled.5.What can we learn about the author?A.She rarely misses a good deal.B.She seldom makes a compromise.C.She is very strict with her children.D.She is interested in cheap products.6.What does the author do?A.She’s a teacher.B.She’s a housewife.C.She’s a media person.D.She’s a businesswoman.7.What does the author want to tell us?A.How to expose bad tricks.B.How to reserve airline seats.C.How to spend money wisely.D.How to make a business deal.WHAT ARE RIP CURRENTS?Rip currents (裂流) are like the rivers of the sea, transporting water near the shore back out into the ocean depths. The presence of these currents can be hidden by the wild movements of the surrounding waves. This means that as well as carrying seaweed and pieces of materials quickly out to sea, they can rapidly sweep away even the strongest swimmers. Around 80 percent of all lifeguard rescues are caused by powerful rip currents pulling a swimmer into danger.If you find yourself being pulled out to sea by an unsuspected rip current, you should remain calm, focus on staying afloat and, if you can, swim parallel to the shore. Your instincts might tell you to swim towards land, as this is where you’re aiming to get to, but the current will be too strong to swim against. Instead, aim to move across the current and into slower flowing water next to it. A rip current may only pull you just past the breaking waves, but in some cases they can take you hundreds of metres offshore. The strength of currents can be hard to predict, so it’s safest to stay on lifeguarded beaches and not to swim if you see any indication of a rip current.8.Understanding rip currents can help _________.A.prevent you from swimming into dangerB.transport water out into the ocean depthsC.clear away seaweed and pieces of materialsD.warn lifeguards against rescue in rip currents9.What should one do when caught in a rip current?A.Swim towards the beach.B.Swim parallel to the shore.C.Swim against the current.D.Swim away from land.10.The second illustration( see figure 2) probably explains _________.A.difference between various currents B.two types of zones off shoreC.an ideal route to surf in safety D.how rip currents form11.Which of the following is the path of a rip current?A.1000 metres off the shore beyond “HEAD”.B.The channel through the gap in a sandbar.C.Over the narrow stretch of a sandbar.D.The passage across the shoreline.Philosophers have a bad reputation for expressing themselves in a dry and boring way. The ideals for most philosophical writing are precision, clarity, and the sort of conceptual analysis that leaves no hair un-split.There is nothing wrong with clarity, precision, and the like — but this isn’t the only way to do philosophy. Outside academic journals, abstract philosophical ideas are often expressed through literature, cinema, and song. There’s nothing that grabs attention like a good story, and there are some great philosophical stories that delight and engage, rather than putting the reader to sleep.One of the great things about this is that, unlike formal philosophy, which tries to be very clear, stories don’t wear their meanings on their sleeve — they require interpretation, and often express conflicting ideas for the reader to wrestle with.Consider what philosophers call the metaphysics (形而上学) of race — an area of philosophy that explorers the question of whether or not race is real. There are three main positions that you can take on these questions. You might think that a person’s race is written in their genes (a position known as “biological realism”). Or you might think of race as socially real, like days of the week or currencies (“social constructionism”). Finally, you might think that races are unreal — that they’re more like leprechauns (一种魔法精灵) than they are like Thursdays or dollars (“anti-realism”).A great example of a story with social constructionist taking on race is George Schuyler’s novel Black No More. In the book, a Black scientist named Crookman invents a procedure that makes Black people visually indistinguishable from Whites. Thousands of African Americans flock to Crookman’s Black No More clinics and pay him their hard-earned cash to undergo the procedure. White racists can no longer distinguish those people who are “really” White from thosewho merely appear to be White. In a final episode, Crookman discovers that new Whites are actually a whiter shade of pale than those who were born that way, which kicks off a trend of sunbathing to darken one’s skin-darkening it so as to look more While.Philosophically rich stories like this bring more technical works to life. They are stories to think with.12.What does the author think of philosophical stories?A.The meaning behind is very obvious.B.They are extremely precise and formal.C.They often cause conflicts among readers.D.They are engaging and inspire critical thinking.13.Which category might “Christmas” fall into according to paragraph 4?A.Social constructionism.B.Anti-realism.C.Biological realism.D.Literary realism.14.What is Black No More in paragraph 5 mainly about?A.Racial issues caused by skin colors.B.A society view on race and self-image.C.Black people accepted by the white society.D.The origin of sun bathing among white people.15.What is the best title of the text?A.Stories Made Easy B.Stories to Think withC.Positions in Philosophy D.Nature of Philosophical WritingThere has been a very serious decline in the numbers of shallow-water fish as a result of overfishing. People still want to eat fish, so the fishing industry must look at other sources, especially the deep waters of the Atlantic. 16Conservation measures will have to be put in place if these deep-sea fish are to survive. Research on five such species shows that numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent. 17 Many species could well disappear completely if the present trend continues. These are species that have been swimming in our oceans for hundreds of millions of years.The problem is emphasized by the fact that the decline in numbers happened in less thantwenty years. Deep-sea fish take a long time to reproduce and normally live for many years.18 The average size of such fish also declined, with one species showing a 57 percent decline in average size. This is of particular concern, as large fish tend to produce more offspring than small ones.19 The deep-sea species have been caught as if they were the fast-breeding (快速繁殖) fish like sardine and herring. It is like killing elephants as if they reproduced at the same rate as rabbits.The damage done by overfishing goes beyond the sea environment. Millions of people make a living in the fishing industry. 20 Measures must be taken to not only conserve ecosystems, but also sustain livelihoods and ensure food security.A.Billions of people rely on fish for protein.B.Many people now choose not to eat deep-sea fish.C.Unfortunately, their reproduction rate is very low.D.This puts them in the category of “critically endangered”.E.None of these facts has been taken into account by the fishing industry.F.Overfishing is a major cause of decline in populations of ocean wildlife.G.This has resulted in a sharp decline in the numbers of many of the species caught.二、完形填空When I was young, my mom would take me on Transportation Days. It went like this: You can’t take any 21 of transportation more than once. We would start from home, walking two blocks to the subway. We’d take the subway into the city center, then 22 a bus, and then maybe the tram. At the end of the day, Mom’s friend gave us a ride home — our 23 car ride of the day.On Transportation Days, we might stop for lunch on Chestnut Street or buy a new book or toy, but the transportation was the 24 . It’s not only that Mom taught us how to 25 . As I grew older, she helped me unlock the mysteries that would otherwise have 26 my first attempts to do it myself: How do I know where to get off? What 27 , which direction and will I get wet when we go under the river?28 you learn the route map and step with certainty over the 29 between the train and the platform, nothing is 30 anymore. New cities are just light-rail lines to be 31 . And your car becomes just one more tool in the toolbox — and often a(n) 32 one, limiting both your mobility and your wallet.Mom was born to be multimodal (多方式的). She 33 that only depending on cars was a failure of imagination and, 34 , a failure of confidence— the 35 of a childhood not spent exploring subway tunnels.21.A.picture B.number C.means D.species 22.A.getting off B.queuing for C.pushing behind D.switching to 23.A.last B.first C.family D.short 24.A.point B.solution C.problem D.service 25.A.get around B.take over C.get by D.show off 26.A.applauded B.ignored C.ruined D.inspired 27.A.size B.track C.style D.color 28.A.Even if B.Unless C.In case D.Once 29.A.difference B.bond C.gap D.period 30.A.absurd B.urgent C.amazing D.frightening 31.A.removed B.drawn C.found D.explored 32.A.superior B.insufficient C.important D.expensive 33.A.understood B.denied C.doubted D.imagined 34.A.on average B.above all C.in contrast D.for instance 35.A.product B.start C.value D.basis三、语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
2011高三第二次月考试题2012级高三语文第二次月考试题一、(本大题共4小题.每小题3分,共12分)1、下列加点的字读音和字形正确的一项是()A、沮(jǚ)丧含蓄隽(jùn)永冠名权心有灵犀一点通B、恪(gè)守乳臭〔xiǜ〕未干抠字眼治之死地而后生C、亵(xiè)渎信手拈(niān)来殊不知反其道而行之D、混淆( xiǎo )稳操胜券( juàn )绿茵场天机不可泻露2、下列各句中,加点的词语使用不恰当的一句是()A、除了赛车呼啸而过的极速感觉外,还有现场上赛车呼啸而过的那种振聋发...聩.的声音,那声音是你绝对要捂住耳朵才可以承受的。
B、前不久召开的全国餐厨垃圾资源化利用现场交流暨研讨会上,一个数字令人触目心惊....:我国城市每年生产的餐厨垃圾不低于6000万吨。
C、当前朝鲜半岛局势千钧一发....,高度复杂敏感,中方敦促朝韩双方保持冷静克制,切勿采取任何导致局势进一步升级的举动。
D、道德水平的日益滑坡制约着中国的发展,频频发生的各类安全事件让我们看到了社会道德的缺失;不过,能在这个时候发现问题,亡羊补牢....,尚未太晚。
3、下列句子中,没有语病的一句是()A、中航发动机公司主要致力于大型客机发动机的研制,它的成立标志着我国大型飞机配套产业的发展又迈出了可喜的一步。
B、普达措国家森林公园是由众多的群山与湖泊组成的,是棕熊在内近100种濒危动物的栖息地。
C、为改善医疗资源配置不平衡的状况,未来3年里,不仅国家将修路以方便农民外出就医,同时还将修建2000个县级医院。
D、地震发生后,当大批子弟兵前往救援的同时,许多专业心理救助人员也赶赴灾区,帮助灾民恢复地震造成的心理创伤。
4、下列各句中,标点符号的使用合乎规范的一项是()A 、温家宝总理在作政府工作报告时提出,要继续推进地震灾区交通、能源、通信、水利……等基础设施恢复重建工作,力争在两年内基本完成原定三年实现的目标,让灾区人民早日过上更加幸福美好生活。
B、三鹿集团的第二批财产将于4月7日在石家庄被公开拍卖,曾以联合体竟拍方式成功拍下第一批财产的三元集团是否会继续参与竞拍?竞拍的底价究竟会达到怎样的数字?已成为百姓议论的话题,更成为市场关注的热点。
C、昨日,中国排球运动管理中心主任在解释最终选择蔡斌执掌中国女排的理由时表示:选择比陈忠和小9岁的蔡斌有利于在新周期(从现在到伦敦奥运会)拓展思路,有利于中国女排的长远发展。
而蔡斌本人坦言面临着不小的压力。
D 、随着城市的扩大,经济的发展,大气不稳定性的加强和高温热浪等极端天气气候出现频次的增多,湖北气象局的气候模拟结果显示:未来50年我省年平均气温将继续上升1摄度以上。
二、(本大题共3小题.每小题3分,共9分)阅读下文。
完成第5~7题。
去年3月15日,美国食品和药品管理局(FDA)接到一家名为“菜单”的宠物食品制造公司发来的一封信。
信中称,有14只宠物吃了他们公司的产品后突然死亡。
该公司负责给许多知名品牌生产宠物食品,事发后立即主动召回了大约100种牌子的相关产品,并要求FDA帮助调查真相。
分析了1.4万个案例后,FDA得出结论:大部分宠物得的都是急性肾病。
与此同时,FDA派出科学家进驻宠物食品加工厂,提取样本化验,最终把目标锁定在三聚氰胺身上。
FDA分析了210种宠物食品,其中130种含有三聚氰胺。
三聚氰胺别名“蜜胺”,属化工原料。
美国禁止食品工业使用三聚氰胺,无论是拿它当做宠物食品添加剂还是作为化肥,都是违法的。
既然如此,三聚氰胺是怎么混进宠物食品中的呢?化验表明,三聚氰胺来自一种食品添加剂——面筋。
面筋是面粉脱去淀粉后剩下的蛋白质,不但可以增加食品的蛋白质含量,还可以提高其黏度,增强口感。
三聚氰胺当初之所以被禁,并不是因为它本身有毒。
三聚氰胺的毒性试验表明,过量的三聚氰胺会在大鼠肾内形成结晶,这种结晶可以作为“种子”,让大鼠产生肾结石,继而诱发癌症。
那么,既然只有长时间大剂量服用三聚氰胺才会导致大鼠产生肾结石,那些宠物到底是怎么死的呢?科学家们继续在实验室里寻找那个神秘的宠物杀手。
不久,又一个化学物质上了黑名单,这就是三聚氰酸(Cyanuric Acid)。
这种物质通常只有在游泳池里才能找到,它可以减缓起消毒作用的氯气被阳光分解的速度。
同样,这也是一种被美国法律禁止使用在食品中的化学物质。
三聚氰胺和三聚氰酸都含有大量的氮元素,能在化验中冒充蛋白质,如果在食品和饲料中添加它们,就可以让劣质产品蒙混过关。
进一步实验表明,三聚氰酸只有在大剂量情况下才有致癌的可能,宠物食品中含有少量的三聚氰酸顶多造成宠物的胃部不适,不太可能杀死它们。
否则,FDA是不可能允许游泳池使用三聚氰酸的。
那么,问题到底出在哪里呢?去年5月,加拿大圭尔夫(Guelph)大学的科学家发表一份研究报告称,三聚氰酸和三聚氰胺混在一起会形成一种晶体,损害肾脏的正常生理功能。
截至目前,科学家们仍然在对这一假说进行深入的研究。
而另一些科学家则认为,也许还有某种尚未被发现的化学物质和三聚氰酸或者三聚氰胺起了某种化学反应,生成了某种有毒物质。
节选自《三联生活周刊》2008年第35期)5.下列对三聚氰胺或三聚氰酸作用的理解,正确的一项是 ( )A.可以增加食品的蛋白质含量,还可以提高其黏度,增强口感。
B.大鼠服用三聚氰胺,会在肾内形成结晶,从而产生肾结石。
C.三聚氰胺和三聚氰酸混在一起会形成一种晶体,损害肾脏的正常生理功能。
D.在游泳池里可以减缓起消毒作用的氯气被阳光分解的速度。
6.下列表述不.符合本文意思的一项是( )A.三聚氰胺是通过一种食品添加剂——面筋混进“菜单”宠物食品制造公司生产的宠物食品中的。
B.三聚氰胺本身无毒,它和某种尚未被发现的化学物质发生化学反应,才生成了有毒物质。
C.三聚氰胺和三聚氰酸都属于被美国法律禁止使用在食品中的化学物质。
D.作为食品添加剂,面筋可以增加食品的蛋白质含量,提高其黏度,增强口感。
7.根据本文提供的信息,下列推断不.合理的一项是( )A.三聚氰胺含有大量的氮元素,如果合理利用,作为化肥使用,可以提高粮食作物的品质。
B.三聚氰胺导致宠物死亡的作用机理,截至目前,科学家还不能作出明确解释。
C.人如果长时间大剂量服用三聚氰胺就可能导致产生肾结石,继而诱发癌症。
D.三聚氰胺能在化验中冒充蛋白质,所以可被黑心商人选作食品或饲料添加剂,以使劣质产品蒙混过关。
三、(本大题共3小题,每小题3分,共9分)阅读下文,完成第8--10题。
查道字湛然,歙州休宁人。
道幼沉嶷不群,罕言笑,喜亲笔砚,文徽特爱之。
未冠,以词业称。
侍母渡江,奉养以孝闻。
母尝病,思鳜羹,方冬苦寒,市之不获。
道泣祷于河,凿冰取之,得鳜尺许以馈,母疾寻愈。
端拱初,举进士高第。
寇准荐其才,授著作佐郎。
淳化中,蜀寇叛,命道通判遂州。
有使两川者,得道公正清洁之状以闻,优诏嘉奖。
迁秘书丞,俄徙知果州。
时寇党尚有伏岩彀依险为栅者,其酋何彦忠集其徒二百余,止西充之大木槽,彀弓露刃。
诏书招谕之,未下,咸请发兵殄之。
道曰:“彼愚人也,以惧罪,欲延命须臾尔。
其党岂无诖误邪?”遂微服单马数仆,不持尺刃,间关①林壑百里许,直趋贼所。
初悉惊畏,持满外向。
道神色自若,踞胡床而坐,谕以诏意。
或识之曰:“郡守也,尝闻其仁,是宁害我者?”即相率投兵罗拜,号呼请罪,悉给券归农。
天禧元年,知虢州。
秋,蝗灾民歉,道不候报,出官廪米赈之,又设粥糜以救饥者,给州麦四千斛为种于民,民赖以济,所全活万余人。
二年五月,卒,讣闻,真宗轸惜之,诏其子奉礼郎循之乘传往治丧事。
道性淳厚,有犯不较,所至务宽恕,胥吏有过未尝笞罚,民讼逋负②者,或出己钱偿之,以是颇不治。
尝出按部,路侧有佳枣,从者摘以献,道即计直挂钱于树而去。
儿时尝戏画地为大第,曰:“此当分赡孤遗。
”及居京师,家甚贫,多聚亲族之茕独者,禄赐所得,散施随尽,不以屑意。
与人交,情分切至,废弃孤露者,待之愈厚,多所周给。
初,赴举,贫不能上,亲族裒钱三万遗之。
道出滑台,过父友吕翁家。
翁丧,贫窭无以葬,其母兄将鬻女以襄事。
道倾褚中钱与之,且为其女择婿,别加资遣。
又故人卒,贫甚,质女婢于人。
道为赎之,嫁士族。
搢绅服其履行。
好学,嗜弈棋。
平居多茹蔬,或止一食,默坐终日,服玩极于卑俭。
享年六十四。
[注]①间关:辗转。
②逋负:拖欠税赋。
(节选自《宋史•查道传》)8.对下列句子中加点词语的解释,不正确的一项是A.得鳜尺许以馈.馈:进献B.或出己钱偿之,以是颇不治.治:追究C.儿时尝戏画地为大第.第:住宅D.贫甚,质.女婢于人质:人质9.以下各组句子中,分别表现查道对亲友“孝义”与对老百姓“仁厚”的一组是A. 道泣祷于河,凿冰取之B. 禄赐所得,散施随尽,不以屑意得道公正清洁之状以闻道不候报,出官廪米赈之C. 废弃孤露者,待之愈厚,多所周给D. 亲族裒钱三万遗之道倾褚中钱与之,且为其女择婿道即计直挂钱于树而去10.下列对原文的理解和分析,不正确的一项是A.查道小时候性格沉稳,不苟言笑,喜欢写字作文,后来以词业著称。
好学,喜欢弈棋。
因奉养母亲竭尽孝道而闻名当世。
B.查道举进士高第,得道寇准的赏识。
知果州时候,尚有以何彦忠为首的贼党伏岩谷依险为寇,查道以仁德感化,使他们归顺为农。
知虢州时,遇蝗灾,查道千方百计赈灾,救活了一万多人。
C.查道性格淳厚,即使有人犯法也能宽恕,胥吏有过失的,他不笞罚;老百姓拖欠税赋的,他自己出钱偿还;仆从摘枣以献,他挂钱于树;待废弃孤露者,尤其优厚。
D.查道对亲族朋友有情有义。
居京师时,家里贫穷,也要供养亲族之茕独者;倾其所有为友人办丧事、择婿嫁女,自己生活却极为节俭。
四、(本大题3小题,共22分)11.(1)用斜线给下面文言文中加波浪的部分断句。
(3分)子厚前时少年,勇于为人,不自贵重顾藉,谓功业可立就故坐废退既退又无相知有气力得位者推挽故卒死于穷裔材不为世用道不行于时也。
(取材于韩愈《柳予厚墓志铭》)(2)将第三大题文言文阅读材料中划横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。
①母尝病,思鳜羹,方冬苦寒,市之不获。
(3分)②遂微服单马数仆,不持尺刃,间关林壑百里许,直趋贼所。
(4分)12、阅读下面这首诗,然后回答问题。
(6分)楚吟李商隐山上离宫①宫上楼,楼前宫畔暮江流。
楚天长短黄昏雨,宋玉②无愁亦自愁。
【注】①此诗当与《楚宫》为同时先后之作,山上离宫即前篇所写之楚宫。
②宋玉,战国时期楚国鄢人,相传是屈原的弟子,出身寒微,自负才华,在仕途上颇不得志。
①这首诗描绘出怎样的画面?(3分)②诗歌表达了作者怎样的思想感情?(3分)13、补写出下列名句名篇及文学常识空缺部分。
(6分)(1)君子博学而日参省乎己,________________。
(荀子《劝学》)(2)________________,是不敢弯弓而报怨。