2017年高考英语分类题库 语法填空

考点4 语法填空

(2017·全国甲卷)

话题:地铁的历史词数:193W难度:★★★

In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible61 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and62work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over64top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.

Steam engines65(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been66 (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than

25, 000 people were using67every day.

Later, engineers68(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the69(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most70(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.

【文章大意】本文主要介绍了最早的地铁以及地铁早期的发展。

61. 【解析】crowds。考查名词的单复数。根据空前面的形容词terrible可知此处填名词, crowd表示“人群”, 是可数名词, 前面没有不定冠词a, 所以用复数形

式。

62. 【解析】from。考查介词。to and from往返, 来回, 来来往往。to and from work 上下班。

63. 【解析】laying。考查非谓语动词。laying和句中的digging up, building并列。

64. 【解析】the。考查冠词。top是名词, 前面要用冠词, 此处特指在挖的路的上面, 所以用定冠词the。

65. 【解析】were used。考查时态和语态。此处讲的是过去的事情, 主语Steam engines和use之间是被动关系, 所以用一般过去时的被动语态。

66. 【解析】fairly。考查词性转化。此处需要用副词来修饰形容词unpleasant。

67. 【解析】it。考查代词。用it指代前句中的railway。

68. 【解析】managed。考查时态。此处讲的是过去的事情, 所以用一般过去时, 主语engineers和manage之间是主动关系, 故填managed。

69. 【解析】introduction。考查词性转化。根据空前面的with和定冠词the可知此处需要填名词。with the introduction of表示“随着……的引进”。

70. 【解析】successful。考查词性转化。句意:伦敦中央地铁是这些新地铁线中最成功的线路之一。根据句意以及空格前的the most可知, 此处是the most+多音节形容词构成最高级, 故填successful。

【难句剖析】

It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method.

分析:and后面省略了主语it, using an interesting method是非谓语动词作方式状语。

翻译:它花了三年的时间才建成, 并且是用一种有趣的方法建造的。

(2017·全国乙卷)

话题:健康饮食词数:222W难度:★★★

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt64(remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As65result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even66(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food67(be)full of fat and salt;by68(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be69(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.

【文章大意】人们现在提倡低脂少盐的生活, 但它却带来了一些副作用, 如过度肥胖和心脏病。本文提醒我们要适量, 不能走极端。

61. 【解析】as。考查介词。此处指作为一种抵抗心脏病的方法。as表示“作为”。

62. 【解析】effects。考查名词单复数。此处根据空前面的some以及空后面列