英美政治体制的比较
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The majority leader of the Low House acted as the prime minister, in charge of the Parliament.
Cabinet has right to dismiss Parliament, but Parliament can dissolve the cabinet ,too. The prime minister controlled the executive power, the King did not take on the actually administrative responsibility. The prime minister, ministers of the party members were elected by the prime minister
In May 1787, representatives from 13 states convened the Constitution Convention in Philadelphia, and the Constitution of the united State was ratified on 15th September. On 3rd April,1789, The constitution came into effect, and attached 17 amendments to it. Characteristic: Rigid The Constitution created the form and procedure is different
Prince Charles Elizabeth II
British Royal Family
Succession
The monarchy in Britain
Absolute monarchy(君主专制）：指以古代 monarchy(君主专制）：指以古代 君主专制）： 君王为核心的中央集权的政治体制， 君王为核心的中央集权的政治体制， 君主职位 世袭，拥有至高无上的权利。 世袭，拥有至高无上的权利。君主行使权利不 受宪法的约束和限制。 受宪法的约束和限制。
Four-year term, renewable for one re-election, then sacked when the tenure was over (there are some exceptions, such as Roosevelt) Set President and VicePresident , when president was absent, Vice- President took the succession.
Secretary of State, and Foreign Minister, and other department heads are elected with the President
No special restrictions, all depends on the ability to obtain the majority of seats in the lower house Set prime minister one, when prime minister became vacant, the majority leader of the Low House was cited to succeed.
《自由大宪章》或《1215大宪章》
《权利法案》
英美宪法比较图示：
Nation Election The relationship with Congress Executive power The Appointment of Leader Tenure
Britain (The Cabinet System)
Henry VII
Henry VIII ……
Mary I
Elizabeth I
The Stuart 斯图亚特王朝
Charles II
William III and Mary II
James II Charles I Cromwell Cromwell … The Hanover The Hanover
Britain:
Constitutional monarchy In theory ,the British head of state and the owner of the supreme power is the monarch. In fact, the queen only has a symbolic position, her power is restricted by Parliament and law. In Britain, the prime minister has the highest political authority. He must have the support
与原则）
Fifth，constitutional usage（宪法惯例） Characteristic: Flexible The British constitution always can be easily changed and modified by
美国制宪会议
美国宪法原稿第一页
约翰国王在大宪章上钤盖国玺
The History of British Monarchy
The Norman 诺曼王朝
1066—1154年 ……
William I
Henry I
The Plantagenet 金雀花王朝
…… ……
Henry II
Richard I
John
………
Edward I
wk.baidu.com
Richard III
The Tudor 都铎王朝
James I
George I
The Hanover William 汉诺威王朝 IV
George II,III,IV
The Windsor Windsor Edward VII Queen Victoria
George V
Edward VIII
George VI
The Windsor 温莎王朝
Second，constituted by Parliament ,with constitution of the nature of the law(具有宪法性质的法律） Third，Constitutional court case（宪法性的法院判例） Forth，some of the common law of principles and provisions(普通法的某些规定
Separation of powers
立法权 行政权
司法权
The difference between American and British Constitution ---美国的成文法与英国的成文法和不成文法 The Constitution of the United State is also called U.S. Constitution. The U.S. Constitution is the fundamental law of the United State, laid the legal foundation for the American political system.What’s more, it is the world's first Without a n uniform, complete written form, the British constitution is composed of the written laws, unwritten custom and usage. As follows: First, with the Statute of the nature of the constitutional document （具有规约性子的宪法件），such as The Great Chapter,
1688年：Bill 1688年：Bill of Rights 《权利法案》，标志了君主专制的结 权利法案》 束和君主立宪制的开端
Constitutional monarchy（君主立宪制）： monarchy（君主立宪制）： 君主作为形式上的国家元首，无实权，处 于“统而不治”的地位。君主行使权利受 到宪法的约束和限制。
Contrasts Between American and British Political System
America: Federal
System; Separation of powers President is the head of State and Government. Legislation---Congress Administration-President Justice—Supreme Court When this three Department exercise their rights, they need to comply with the “separation of powers”, which calls for “checks
United State ( the separation of powers)
The president was voted indirectly by the voters.
President has no right to dismiss Congress, and Congress can not dissolve president. President was the head of state, hold the executive power.
Cabinet has right to dismiss Parliament, but Parliament can dissolve the cabinet ,too. The prime minister controlled the executive power, the King did not take on the actually administrative responsibility. The prime minister, ministers of the party members were elected by the prime minister
In May 1787, representatives from 13 states convened the Constitution Convention in Philadelphia, and the Constitution of the united State was ratified on 15th September. On 3rd April,1789, The constitution came into effect, and attached 17 amendments to it. Characteristic: Rigid The Constitution created the form and procedure is different
Prince Charles Elizabeth II
British Royal Family
Succession
The monarchy in Britain
Absolute monarchy(君主专制）：指以古代 monarchy(君主专制）：指以古代 君主专制）： 君王为核心的中央集权的政治体制， 君王为核心的中央集权的政治体制， 君主职位 世袭，拥有至高无上的权利。 世袭，拥有至高无上的权利。君主行使权利不 受宪法的约束和限制。 受宪法的约束和限制。
Four-year term, renewable for one re-election, then sacked when the tenure was over (there are some exceptions, such as Roosevelt) Set President and VicePresident , when president was absent, Vice- President took the succession.
Secretary of State, and Foreign Minister, and other department heads are elected with the President
No special restrictions, all depends on the ability to obtain the majority of seats in the lower house Set prime minister one, when prime minister became vacant, the majority leader of the Low House was cited to succeed.
《自由大宪章》或《1215大宪章》
《权利法案》
英美宪法比较图示：
Nation Election The relationship with Congress Executive power The Appointment of Leader Tenure
Britain (The Cabinet System)
Henry VII
Henry VIII ……
Mary I
Elizabeth I
The Stuart 斯图亚特王朝
Charles II
William III and Mary II
James II Charles I Cromwell Cromwell … The Hanover The Hanover
Britain:
Constitutional monarchy In theory ,the British head of state and the owner of the supreme power is the monarch. In fact, the queen only has a symbolic position, her power is restricted by Parliament and law. In Britain, the prime minister has the highest political authority. He must have the support
与原则）
Fifth，constitutional usage（宪法惯例） Characteristic: Flexible The British constitution always can be easily changed and modified by
美国制宪会议
美国宪法原稿第一页
约翰国王在大宪章上钤盖国玺
The History of British Monarchy
The Norman 诺曼王朝
1066—1154年 ……
William I
Henry I
The Plantagenet 金雀花王朝
…… ……
Henry II
Richard I
John
………
Edward I
wk.baidu.com
Richard III
The Tudor 都铎王朝
James I
George I
The Hanover William 汉诺威王朝 IV
George II,III,IV
The Windsor Windsor Edward VII Queen Victoria
George V
Edward VIII
George VI
The Windsor 温莎王朝
Second，constituted by Parliament ,with constitution of the nature of the law(具有宪法性质的法律） Third，Constitutional court case（宪法性的法院判例） Forth，some of the common law of principles and provisions(普通法的某些规定
Separation of powers
立法权 行政权
司法权
The difference between American and British Constitution ---美国的成文法与英国的成文法和不成文法 The Constitution of the United State is also called U.S. Constitution. The U.S. Constitution is the fundamental law of the United State, laid the legal foundation for the American political system.What’s more, it is the world's first Without a n uniform, complete written form, the British constitution is composed of the written laws, unwritten custom and usage. As follows: First, with the Statute of the nature of the constitutional document （具有规约性子的宪法件），such as The Great Chapter,
1688年：Bill 1688年：Bill of Rights 《权利法案》，标志了君主专制的结 权利法案》 束和君主立宪制的开端
Constitutional monarchy（君主立宪制）： monarchy（君主立宪制）： 君主作为形式上的国家元首，无实权，处 于“统而不治”的地位。君主行使权利受 到宪法的约束和限制。
Contrasts Between American and British Political System
America: Federal
System; Separation of powers President is the head of State and Government. Legislation---Congress Administration-President Justice—Supreme Court When this three Department exercise their rights, they need to comply with the “separation of powers”, which calls for “checks
United State ( the separation of powers)
The president was voted indirectly by the voters.
President has no right to dismiss Congress, and Congress can not dissolve president. President was the head of state, hold the executive power.