外研社小学英语一年级起点四年级下知识点精编版
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外研社小学英语一年级
起点四年级下知识点 GE GROUP system office room 【GEIHUA16H-GEIHUA GEIHUA8Q8-
英语(四年级下)主要知识点整理
(例句都是课本中原句)
1.祈使句:表示请求、命令、建议等的句子。祈使句不需要主语,
谓语动词用原形,句子末尾一般用感叹号。
eg: (1) Don’t walk on the grass! (否定祈使句)
(2)Let’s make a newspaper! (肯定祈使句)
2.一般现在时:经常发生的动作或状态(常与always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, every day/week/year, on Sundays ...连用)
(1) be动词的一般现在时:(比较简单)
I am, We/You/They are, He/She/It is,There is+单数名词或不可数名词, There are + 复数名词
eg: It’s not beautiful, but it’s helpful.
(2) 行为动词的一般现在时:(单数第三人称的变化是重点、易错点; 助动词用do, don’t, does, doesn’t)
eg: (1)This machine cuts the potatoes.
(2) Does he live in New York?
(3) Fish live in the river and birds live in the tree. (***注意fish单数和复数写法一样,这里fish前面没有a, 所以是复数形式,后面接谓语动词要用原形。另外,Sheep和deer单复数也是一样的形式)
3.一般过去时:表示过去发生的动作或状态(常与...ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week/year/month, once upon a time, one day, the next day, in 2016...连用)
(1)be动词的一般过去时:
I/He/She/It was, We/You/They were, There was+单数名词或不可数名词, There were + 复数名词
eg:Once upon a time, there was a boy. (讲故事常用说法)
(2)行为动词的一般过去时:(助动词用did, didn’t)
①一般动词变化:
构成法:1. 动词原形+ed. 如:look--looked
2.以e结尾的词+d. 如:live--lived
3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词,改y为i, 再加ed.
如:study--studied, cry--cried.
4.以重读闭音节或r音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,双写这个
辅音字母,再加ed. 如: clap--clapped, stop--stopped, prefer--
preferred
②不规则动词变化:如had, said, put, saw, got, ran, learnt(英式写法), bought, came, took, went等
eg1: The animals had a concert last week.
eg2: The next day, the boy ran to the village again.
eg3: What did he play yesterday?
eg4: When did you get up last Sunday
I got up at 8 o’clock.
4.一般将来时:表示还没有发生但将要发生的事情或动作(常与tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year/month/week, soon, in the future, in ... minutes/hours/days...连用 )
(1)Be going to+ 动词原形:多表示即将发生,最近打算、计划、安排好要做的事情,主观性较强 (区分人称,be动词变化am, is, are)
eg: She’s going to visit Australia.
(2)Will+动词原形:多表示即将发生的动作或状态,不受主观因素影响的单纯的将来,客观性较强 (不区分人称,都用will)
(***目前小学阶段对这两种形式区分并不明显,可以互换使用)
eg: We will go to the zoo on Sunday.
5.现在进行时:表示正在进行或发生的动作 (常与now, at present, at this moment连用)
Be动词+动词的现在分词(***区分人称,注意动词的现在分词构成的特殊情况)
动词的现在分词构成法:
(1)一般规则:动词+ing, 如: work--working.
(2) 以e结尾的动词去掉e加ing. 如: live--living, have--having.
(3) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,双写这个辅音字母,再加ing. 如: swim--swimming, clap--clapping, refer--referring.
(4) 以ie结尾的重读开音节的词,改ie为y, 再加ing. 如: die--dying.
eg: (1) What’s happening now?
(2) Daming is making a card for his father.
(3)We are having a party.