中考英语语法精讲精练：第十章_主谓一致

第十章：主谓一致

主谓一致三原则

主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。

1. 语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。例如：Tom is a good student 汤姆是个好学生。

They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。

2. 意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。例如：

My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。

Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。

3. 就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。例如：Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.

不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。

There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

典型练习：

1.Neither he nor I ___ for the plan.

A. were

B. is

C. are

D. am

2. There ___ a knife and fork on the table.

A. are

B. is

C. am

D. be

经典解析：以上两题属于就近一致，就近一致主要包括：neither. . . nor. . . , either. . . or. . . . , not only. . . but also. . . 连接并列主语及there be 句型. 答案为:1. D 2. B以here，there 开头的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与临近的主语一致,本题离谓语近的是a knife是单数.

3. My family as well as I ___ glad to see you.

A. was

B. is

C. are D am

4. My father, together with some of his old friends, ___ there already.

A. will be

B. had been

C. has been

D. have been

5. The pair of shoes ___ worn out.

A. had been

B. have been

C. were

D. was

经典解析:当主语中含有介词短语时,介词后面为宾语,谓语与介词前面的主语的形式一致,答案为:3. C,这里的主语是my family, as well as 后的I 虽是主格但是宾语, 这里的family 表达的意义为:家庭成员,故用复数. 4. C, 这里的主语是my father, 介词with 后面的some of his old friends是宾语, my father 是第三人称单数. 5. D, 这里的主语是The pair, 介词of 后的shoes是宾语,the pair属第三人称单数.

6. There are two roads and either ___ to the station.

A. is leading

B. are leading

C. lead

D. leads

7. Nine plus three ___ twelve.

A. are making

B. is making

C. make

D. makes

8. Twenty miles ___ a long way to cover.

A. seem to be

B. is

C. are

D. were

9. Very few ___ his address in the town.

A. has known

B. are knowing

C. know

D. knows

10. Our family ___ a happy one.

A. are

B. was

C. are

D. is

11. Over 80 percent of the population ___ workers.

A. will be

B. are

C. is

D. was

12. A professor and a writer ___ present at the meeting.

A. had been

B. were

C. is

D. was

13. A professor and writer ______ present at the meeting.

A. had been

B. were

C. are

D. was

14. The whole class ___ greatly moved at his words.

A. is

B. had

C. were

D. was

15. The Greens_________ having breakfast when the accident happened.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

16. The poor _____ very pity, they should be helped by the rich.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. be

17. Doing eye exercises often _____ your eyes brighter.

A. make

B. makes

C. is

D. keep