二战对美国的影响

二战对美国的影响

二战的结果

同盟军胜利，轴心国失败

1945年5月纳粹德国投降,希特勒畏罪自杀,1945年8月6日和9日,美国分别在日本的广岛和长崎投下原子弹,9月2日,日本投降第二次世界大战结束.

第二次世界大战对美国的影响：

1促进了美国的经济发展；（二战扩大了美国的经济市场）

2促进了美国的科技发展；（特别是工业、军工方面）

3使美国成为了世界第一资本主义强国。（以前是老牌资本主义国家——英国）

一．政治

第二次世界大战成为美国历史新的转折点。独一无二的综合实力，使美国摆脱了第一次世界大战后企图安排世界秩序却无果而终的尴尬，开始按照有利于自己的方式主导国际秩序，并最终在20世纪后期，成为一个超级大国

二战后，美国和苏联成为世界上最强大的两个国家。通过雅尔塔协议，美国和苏联达到了控制世界的目的。

美国用马歇尔复兴计划使西欧成为它的附庸。其势力逐步渗入全球

World War II became a new turning point in American history. Unique and comprehensive strength, the United States attempted to arrange to get rid of the post-First World War world order insignificance embarrassment, started in accordance with the way their favor led international order, and finally in the late 20th century and became a superpower

After World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union as the world's two most powerful nations. By Yalta agreement, the United States and the Soviet Union to achieve the purpose of controlling the world.

U.S. Marshall revival with plans to make it become a vassal of Western Europe. Its forces gradually infiltrated the world

二．经济

“二战”对美国经济的一大影响是它增加了总需求和生产，尤其是武器，军火和食品。第一次世界大战后，美国大多数人都厌倦了参与欧洲的争端，而且又值经济大萧条时期，所以美国没有立即参与第二次世界大战。可是，当战火在欧洲和亚洲蔓延时，美国政府知道他们要时刻为战争准备着。除了加强军事、招兵买马外，政府还将工业向军事物资转型，很多汽车生产流水线都开始生产战斗机零件，渔业码头也停泊了军舰，越来越多的曾被废弃的美国工厂又重新开始了生产。 "World War II" a major impact on the U.S. economy is that it increases the total demand and production, particularly of weapons, ammunition and food. After World War I, most of the American people are tired of the disputes involved in Europe, and also the value of the Great Depression, the United States did not immediately involved in World War II. However, when the war spread in Europe and Asia, the U.S. government know that they should always be prepared for war. In addition to strengthening the military, recruiting, the government will also military supplies to industrial restructuring, many automobile production line began production of aircraft parts, fishing pier moored warships, more and more

American factories have been abandoned and restarted production.

战后美国经济的发展具有一系列新特点。首先，从50～60年代，美国经济增长出现了一个西方经济学家所称的“黄金时代”。美国的国民生产总值经过“黄金时代”的发展从1961年的5 233亿美元上升到1971年的10 634亿美元；1965～1970年美国的工业生产以18％的速度增长。1970年美国拥有世界煤产量的25％，原油产量的21％，钢产量的25％。1971年美国拥有汽车1.11亿辆，83％的家庭至少拥有一辆汽车。1970年美国农产品比1950年增长了2倍，一个农民能养活47.1个人。

Postwar U.S. economy has a range of new features. First, from 50 to 60 years, economic growth in the United States there is a Western economists call the "golden age." America's GNP after the "golden age" of development from 1961 5 $ 23.3 billion in 1971, rising to 10 $ 63.4 billion; 1965 to 1970, U.S. industrial production growth rate of 18%. In 1970 the United States has 25% of world coal production, 21% of crude oil production, 25 percent of steel production. In 1971 the United States has 111 million cars, 83% of households have at least a car. 1970 U.S. agricultural products increased 2 times more than in 1950, a farmer can feed 47.1 people.

战后美国经济增长出现“黄金时代”的主要原因为：（1）上述已经提到的美国联邦政府对经济加强了干预；（2）为应付冷战而加强的国民经济军事化极大地刺激了经济的增长；（3）战后技术革命推动了经济的迅速发展；（4）利用战后的经济优势地位，扩大商品输出和资本输出，充分利用国外的廉价资源，其中特别是石油资源，从而极大地获取高额利润；（5）战后美国的国内政治局面相当稳定U.S. economic growth after World War II a "golden age" was mainly due to: (1) the above-mentioned U.S. federal government has stepped up intervention in the economy; (2) to cope with the cold war and the militarization of the national economy strengthened greatly stimulated the economy growth; (3) post-war technological revolution promoted the rapid development of the economy; (4) the use of economic dominance postwar expansion of output and capital goods output, make full use of cheap foreign resources, in particular oil resources, which very earth to obtain high profits; (5) the post-war American domestic political situation is quite stable

科技

二战还推动了科学技术的大发展。军事上的需要，使交战国投入了大量人力、物力和财力去发展相应的科学技术，制造克敌制胜的武器。原子弹的试制成功，正是由于迫切地军事需要。V-2火箭的发明最初也是军事上的用途

World War II also contributed to the great development of science and technology. Military needs, so belligerent put a lot of manpower, material and financial resources to develop appropriate science and technology, manufacturing weapons to defeat the enemy. Successful trial of the atomic bomb, because of urgent military needs. V-2 rocket was originally invented for military purposes but also on