【机械类文献翻译】自动洗碗机的控制系统设计

Automatic dishwasher Control System DesignAbstract: Based on the functional requirements of the automatic dishwasher, introduced by SCM AT89LS8252 and keyboard / display management chip designed automatic dishwasher HD7279A hardware control system design methods, using HD7279 is given control of the keyboard and display hardware circuit, while the system is functional software modules and software flow chart. After debugging test of the system, which can effectively achieve the control dishwasher completeautomatic water, heating, cleaning and disinfection, and other functions.自动洗碗机的控制系统设计摘要：基于自动洗碗机的功能要求，介绍了用单片机ＡＴ８９ＬＳ８２５２和键盘／显示管理芯片ＨＤ７２７９Ａ设计的自动洗碗机的硬件控制系统的设计方法，给出了用ＨＤ７２７９控制键盘和显示的硬件电路，同时给出了系统软件和功能软件模块的流程图。

该系统经过试验调试，可有效地实现洗碗机的自动控制，完成自动进水、加温、清洗、消毒等功能。

关键词：洗碗机；控制器；键盘／显示Key words: dishwashers; controller; keyboard / display1 IntroductionAs digital application of information appliances, dishwashers have broad access to masses of people in the family, so that people can work from home in the complex gradually liberated.１引言随着数字信息家用电器应用的普及，洗碗机已经广泛进入人民大众的家庭之中，从而使得人们能够从繁杂的家务劳动中逐步解放出来。

As a home automation equipment, such as dishwashers generally need to a chieve automatic control influent, automatic detergent, cold wash, automatic tem perature washing, cleaning, drainage, Disinfection, and the timing and fault alar m functions. From the point of view of control, a dishwasher usually need to meet Figure 1 shows some of the specific requirements, which involves the sw itching of signals there are two kinds of sensors is high, low signal detection, such as doors Switch , the water level and temperature regulation for the prote ction of trip switches, etc.; another solid-state relay switching control signals b y the strength of the signal voltage disconnect and loading, such as electromag netic inlet valve opening and closing, opening and closing the heater thermostat , and instantly the heater to create a control box cleaning agents and disinfectants control box, and so on. Figure 1 in the analog signal used to achieve the following major aspects of functions:(1) Temperature Sensor temperature / Xiaodaishui temperature detection;(2) through the man-machine interface display, keyboard input and output, such as voice achieve temperature, washing process shows that the fault type and d isplay;(3) According to user needs by setting button to select washing mode, and thr ough function keys launch-related functional;(4) the use of statistical machine, cleaning agents and the use of disinfectants dose counting;(5) Failure Alarm, as well as, washing complete the report.作为一种家庭自动化设备，洗碗机一般需要实现诸如自动控制进水、自动加洗涤剂、冷洗、自动加温洗、清洗、排水、杀菌消毒，以及定时和故障报警等功能。

从被控制量角度出发，一个洗碗机通常需要满足图１所示的一些具体要求，其中涉及的开关量信号有两种，一种是传感器的高、低电平信号检测，如机门开关、水位高低、温度调节保护器和行程开关等；另一种开关信号经由固态继电器控制强弱电压信号的断开和加载，如进水电磁阀门的开合、恒温加热器的开合、瞬间加热器的开合、清洁剂控制盒和消毒剂控制盒的工作等。

图１中所涉及的模拟量信号主要用于实现以下几方面的功能：（１）用温度传感器实现水温／消毒水温度检测；（２）通过人机接口的显示输出、键盘输入和声音输出等实现水温显示、洗涤过程显示以及故障类型显示等；（３）根据用户需要通过设置键选择洗涤模式，并通过功能键启动相关功能；（４）机器使用情况统计、清洁剂和消毒剂剂量的使用情况计数等；（５）故障报警以及、洗涤完成报告等。

2 dishwashers control system hardware designTo address the above function and reliability, cost and ease of use factors such as maintenance, and the author of the design shown in Figure 2 dishwashers control system.SCM system is the smallest and MCS-51 compatible with the AT-MEL co mpanies low-power high-performance CMOS chip design AT89LS8252, k-chip8-byte programmable flash memory storage system for the procedures to be ad opted by the SPI interface download programs; and 2 k bytes of EEPROM is used to store key parameters, such as the boot password maintenance, product serial number, the number of boot, washing setting parameters; 256 bytes of R AM used to store temporary variables.In view of the dishwashers have more of the switching signal, therefore, the use of parallel design chips 8255 to expand the I / O interface, and to meet some of P1 and P3 I pin the use of its input and output ratio of 21 / 14, wh ich buzzer from P1.3 control. From the reliability point of view, part of the in put and output using photoelectric isolation measures. Consider that part of the drive signal required by the larger drive current, therefore, the design uses po wer-driven devices ULN2803 to drive.There are two temperature acquisition programme: First, the use of thermal r esistance with a MAX150 chip AD converter, and then deposited in the progra m memory in the form to achieve the current temperature; Second, the use of three-DS18B20 temperature sensor for acquisition, direct access to the temperat ure data . In contrast, after a simple programme more economical.LED display and keyboard use HD7279A 3 to control, the circuit show n in Figure 3. HD7279A without external components can directly drive a total of eight vaginal LED digital pipe; corresponding pin DIG0 ~ 0 ~ 3 digital o utput driver; pin SA ~ SG and DP is a paragraph corresponding to ~ g and t he decimal point drive output can be independently controlled to decode / deco ding and attributes such as blanking and scintillation.２洗碗机控制系统的硬件设计针对上述功能及可靠性、成本和方便使用维护等因素，笔者设计了图２所示的洗碗机控制系统。