九年级宾语从句讲解及练习

宾语从句

宾语从句是英语复合句中的其中非常重要的从句之一。它是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语，将这个句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句做介词或及物动词的宾语。现在从下列三个方面总结归纳如下：

一引导词

A 由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wish, hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear, feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。例：I told him that he was wrong.

在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think 等动词变为否定形式。

例：I don’t think you are right. (我认为你做的不对)

在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语。

例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)

B 由连词if、whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。

Whether, if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。

例：I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.

The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment.

注意：

1 在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导

例：Everything depends on whether we have enough money。

2 宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.

例：I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.

3 和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.

例：Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.

C, 由wh-引导的宾语从句。

连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which,和连接副词when, where, why, how 等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。

例：Do you know which film they are talking about? (which做定语)

I don’t know where he lives. (where 做地点状语)

二宾语从句的语序

宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序，即连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分

例：I believe that they will come soon.

He asked me whether I was a teacher.

They wanted to know what they can do for us.

三宾语从句的时态

宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，

1 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。

2 主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。

如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。

例：

She says that she is a student.

She said that she was a student.

She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.

She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.

He told me that he had been to Beijing twice.

◆如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。

例：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.

He told me that Japan is an island country.

◆Could you tell me…是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。

例：Could you tell me when we will visit the History Museum

注意事项：

由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。

例：She said: “I have been to England before.”

She said that she had been to England before.

宾语从句与简单句的交换。

由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语的简单句结构。

例：I don’t know what I should do next.

I don’t know what to do next.

LET’S DO SOME EXERCISES:

一、选择填空：

( ) 1. It's so dark. I can't find out _______ it's a boy _______ a girl.

A. if, and

B. that, and

C. either, or

D. whether, or

( ) 2. Could you tell me if he _______ to Shanghai?

A. has gone

B. had gone

C. went

D. go

( ) 3. He told me _______ she would catch the early bus.

A. which

B. whether

C. why

D. that

( ) 4. Mrs. Green asked me _______ I would go with her.

A. what

B. which

C. why

D. that

( ) 5. I don't know _______ the coat _______ cheap enough.

A. if, is

B. where, were

C. that ,was

D. if, were

( ) 6. Call you tell me why _______ yesterday?

A. you didn't come

B. did you not come

C. didn't you come

D. you don't come

( ) 7. He said that they _______ Yunnan.

A. have been to

B. had gone to

C. have gone to

D. has gone to

( ) 8. Jack isn't sure _______ students there are in his class.

A. how many

B. what

C. which

D. whether

( ) 9. Can you tell me _______ yesterday?

A. what they do

B. what they did

C. what do they do

D. what did they do

( ) 10. I want to know _______ his homework yesterday evening.

A. if he finished

B. whether he had finished

C. had she finished

D. has she finished

( ) 11. Do you know what _______ this time yesterday?

A. they are doing

B. are they doing

C. they were doing

D. were they doing

( ) 12. Excuse me, can you tell me _______ ？

A. why was the train late

B. why the train was late

C. why is the train late

D. why the train is late

( ) 13. Do you know where _______ ? Someone is looking for him.

A. he is

B. he was

C. is he

D. was he