论文撰写标准 Thesis guide
英语专业论文写作thesis
• 笔者多年前在一家汽车企业工作,经常就能收到民间科学家的邮件和电话,有的异 常兴奋声称自己有重大发现,印象比较深的是有次收到一位民间科学家的邮件,内 容涉及一种汽车,不需要外界能量,只要依靠汽车在路上颠簸和摩擦的能量发电, 将这些能量储存起来就可以永久行走,后来那个民间科学家还打电话过来让我通知 总裁直接去见他,否则耽误了他的重大成果要负责,我本想直接挂电话,但想到他 写了好几千字有点不忍心,就问了他一句“你知道什么叫能量守恒定律吗”,他总 是答非所问,完全沉浸自己的理论中不能自拔,根本无法沟通。
1.3 summary and evaluation of information
• A dissertation involves both summarizing and evaluating other people’s studies in the field
Suppose this represent all the knowledge mankind has gained
A master’s degree means you have expertise in r field
As a PhD, you focus on it and reach the boundary
And you surpass it.
Your PhD
Basically, your dissertation is a simplified version of a PhD thesis.
关于论文写作的指导(英文版)
关于论文写作的指导(英文版)Guide to Writing a Research PaperWriting a research paper can be a daunting task for many students, as it requires extensive research, critical thinking, and effective communication skills. However, with careful planning and a systematic approach, anyone can write a successful research paper. This guide aims to provide step-by-step instructions and useful tips to help you navigate through the process of writing a well-crafted research paper.1. Understand the assignment: Before starting your research paper, carefully read the assignment guidelines provided by your instructor. Pay attention to the specific requirements, such as the topic, length, formatting style, and deadlines. If you have any doubts or questions, don't hesitate to seek clarification from your instructor.2. Choose a topic: A good research paper starts with a well-defined and interesting topic. Select a topic that is relevant to your field of study and aligns with your interests. Ensure that the topic is neither too broad nor too narrow. Conduct initial research to make sure there is enough information available to support your arguments.3. Conduct thorough research: To write an impactful research paper, you need to gather reliable and relevant information from various sources. Utilize library resources, academic journals, books, and reputable online databases to acquire the necessary data. Take notes while researching and keep track of the sources you consult.4. Develop a thesis statement: A strong thesis statement is the focal point of your research paper. It presents the main argument or hypothesis that you will support throughout your paper. Your thesis statement should be clear, concise, and debatable. Make sure it reflects the purpose of your paper and guides your research and writing process.5. Create an outline: An outline serves as a roadmap for your research paper, making the writing process more organized and efficient. It includes the main sections and subsections of your paper, along with the key points you will discuss in each section. This will help you maintain a logical flow and ensure that you cover all the necessary information.6. Write a compelling introduction: The introduction is the first impression of your research paper. Start with a catchy hook to grab the reader's attention. Provide background information on the topic and gradually narrow it down to your thesis statement. Clearly state the purpose and significance of your research, and explain how your paper will contribute to the existing body of knowledge.7. Present a comprehensive literature review: A literature review demonstrates your understanding of the existing research on your topic. Summarize the key findings of relevant studies and identify any gaps in the literature. Make sure to cite all the sources properly and critically analyze the information presented.8. Methodology: In this section, describe the research methods you used to collect and analyze data. Clearly explain your approach, including the sample size, data collection instruments, andstatistical analysis methods. This will allow readers to evaluate the reliability and validity of your findings.9. Present your findings: Share the results of your research in a logical and coherent manner. Use graphs, tables, and figures to illustrate your findings effectively. Interpret the results and explain their significance in relation to your research question. Remain objective and avoid making unsupported claims or overgeneralizing your findings.10. Conclusion: Summarize the main points of your research and review how they support your thesis statement. Discuss the implications of your findings and suggest further areas of research. End your conclusion with a thought-provoking statement or a call to action.11. Revise and edit: The final step in writing a research paper is revising and editing. Review your paper for clarity, coherence, grammar, and punctuation errors. Ensure that your paper adheres to the formatting style required by your instructor. Consider seeking feedback from a peer or instructor to gain valuable insights and make necessary improvements.In conclusion, writing a research paper requires careful planning, extensive research, and effective communication skills. By following this guide, you can navigate through the process with confidence and produce a well-structured and impactful research paper. Remember to allow yourself enough time for each step and seek help when needed.继续写相关内容,1500字12. Citations and References: In academic writing, it is crucial to give credit to the original sources of information and ideas. Proper citations and references not only demonstrate academic integrity but also allow readers to locate and verify the sources. Different disciplines may follow different citation styles, such as APA, MLA, or Chicago. Familiarize yourself with the specific guidelines and consistently apply them throughout your research paper. Keep track of your sources from the beginning and create a bibliography or reference list as you go along.13. Revise and Edit: Once you have completed the initial draft of your research paper, it is important to revise and edit it thoroughly. Revision involves rethinking, reorganizing, and rewriting sections for better clarity and coherence. Check for any gaps in your argumentation or supporting evidence. Make sure that your ideas flow logically and that each paragraph contributes to the overall argument. Edit your paper for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. It can be helpful to read your paper aloud or ask someone else to read it and provide feedback. Remember that revising and editing is an ongoing process, and it may take multiple rounds before your research paper is polished and ready for submission. 14. Pay Attention to Formatting: In addition to citations and references, it is important to pay attention to the overall formatting of your research paper. Follow the guidelines provided by your instructor regarding font size, margins, line spacing, and page numbering. Consider using headings and subheadings to organize your paper and make it easier to navigate. Make sure that all tables, figures, and illustrations are properly labeled and referred to in the text. A well-formatted research paper not only looks professionalbut also enhances readability and comprehension.15. Seek Feedback and Proofreading: Before submitting your research paper, it is beneficial to seek feedback from others. Share your paper with classmates, colleagues, or your instructor and ask for their opinions and suggestions. They may be able to point out any inconsistencies, weaknesses in your argument, or areas that need further clarification. Consider their feedback and make necessary revisions. Additionally, it is essential to have your research paper proofread by someone else or use proofreading tools and software. Even the most careful writers can overlook errors, and a fresh pair of eyes can catch mistakes that you may have missed.16. Practice Time Management: Writing a research paper can be time-consuming, so it is important to manage your time effectively. Break down the task into smaller, manageable steps and set deadlines for each step. Use a planner or online tools to schedule your research, writing, and revision sessions. Start working on your research paper well in advance to avoid any last-minute rush. It is also a good idea to allocate extra time for unexpected challenges or delays. By managing your time efficiently, you can reduce stress and produce a high-quality research paper.17. Emphasize Clarity and Coherence: Clarity and coherence are essential qualities of a well-written research paper. Make sure that your ideas are expressed clearly and concisely. Avoid using jargon or overly complex language that may confuse readers. Use transition words and phrases to create smooth transitions between paragraphs and sections. The overall structure of your paper shouldbe coherent, with each section and paragraph contributing to the central argument. Regularly review your work to ensure that your ideas are presented logically and that readers can easily follow your thought process.18. Practice Ethical Research Conduct: Conducting research ethically is crucial to maintain the integrity of your research paper and respect the rights and privacy of others. Obtain proper permission and informed consent when conducting surveys, interviews, or experiments involving human subjects. Follow ethical guidelines when conducting research involving animals. When using other researchers' work, ensure proper citation and acknowledgment. Avoid plagiarism by paraphrasing and quoting sources accurately. Familiarize yourself with your institution's policies on research ethics and ensure that your research adheres to ethical standards.19. Take Care of Your Mental and Physical Well-being: Writing a research paper can be mentally and physically demanding. It is important to take care of yourself throughout the process. Take breaks, engage in physical activities, and maintain a balanced diet. Get enough sleep and manage your stress levels effectively. If you feel overwhelmed or stuck, don't hesitate to seek support from your classmates, instructors, or tutors. Remember that it is normal to experience challenges and setbacks during the research paper writing process, and taking care of your well-being can help you overcome them more effectively.20. Finalize and Submit: After incorporating feedback and making all necessary revisions, it is time to finalize your research paper.Review the formatting, citations, and references one last time to ensure accuracy and consistency. Proofread your work for any remaining errors. Once you are confident that your research paper is polished and meets all the requirements, submit it on time following the submission guidelines provided by your instructor. Celebrate your hard work and the accomplishment of completing your research paper!Writing a research paper may seem challenging at first, but by following these steps, you can approach the task with confidence and produce a high-quality paper. Remember that writing is a process, and it requires time, effort, and perseverance. Do not hesitate to seek help and guidance when needed. With practice and experience, you will become more proficient in writing research papers and communicating your ideas effectively.。
《学术论文写作》课程考核要求
《学术论⽂写作》课程考核要求《学术论⽂写作》课程考核要求1.写⼀份研究开题报告。
要求包括以下内容:(1)论⽂题⽬和中⼼论点。
(2)本选题的⽬的和意义(3)本选题国内外研究的现状(即⽂献综述,不少于400单词)(4)本选题的难点(5)本选题的撰写框架(以英⽂提纲形式,应尽可能详细到⼆级或三级标题)(6)本选题的主要参考⽂献(采⽤中国特⾊MLA格式,不少于10种,其中英⽂⽂献不少于3种)2.考核作业要求A4纸打印并加封⾯,左侧装订,封⾯注明姓名、班级和学号。
正⽂采⽤⼩四号字体。
1.5倍⾏距。
要求查阅⽂献独⽴完成,如发现抄袭,本门课程成绩记为零分。
3.上交截⽌⽇期为11⽉5⽇。
开题报告范⽂:封⾯和正⽂《学术论⽂写作》课程考核作业姓名班级学号1. TitleStrategies of Oral English Teaching in Senior Schools2. Thesis StatementThe current social backgrounds which make Oral English become an important part in the English learning process are urgent. Teachers in senior schools always encounter many problems in their Oral English teaching. This study discusses the major causes, and gives some creative solutions to them.3. Purposes and Significance of StudyIn recent years it has been argued on both linguistic and psychological grounds that Oral English should be the principal objective in English teaching. Most textbooks place emphasis more on Oral English in that they embody a methodology that is largely oral. The current problems that appear in Oral English teaching in senior schools are the greatest obstacles which prevent students from learning English well. With the globalization of social life and economy, the process of opening up to the outside becomes quickly, to a certain extent, the requirements for the cultivation of Oral English are instant. This study will help senior teachers and learners analyze the potential problems and specific methods to deal with.4. Situation of StudyCorder (1967) views his opinions that the second language acquisition (SLA) provides to the researcher evidence of how language is learned or acquired, what strategies or procedures the learners are employing in his discovery of the language.Segalowitz and Gatbouton (1982) take their view as that language learning particularly the oral competence has begun to focus on the teaching strategies.Goffman (1974) points out that oral talking is often organized into two-part exchanges, this organizing principal follows from the very fundamental requirements of oral speech as a communication system.The Teaching Syllabus(The Ministry of Education, 2000) stipulates that Band One requires senior school students to retell main ideas based on the general meaning of the passages, and can do some introduction about family, friends, or class by using simple sentences and expressions. Band Two describes that students can answer questions and discuss according to the text efficiently. It also requires students to do daily talk about society, culture and science which related to the text in the textbooks.The High School English Standards (The Ministry of Education, 2002) stipulates that Band Six requires senior school students to do daily conversations and express own opinions on the given topics. Students can describe personal experiences and express oneself appropriately on some specific occasions. Band Eight stresses that students can make a 3-minute speech based on simple topics by preparation in a short time, and do some simple translations in daily life. Theories about how we teach oral English reflect our view of the nature of language. A deeper understanding of the effects of communicative needs on non-native speaker discourse should make us more understanding of our students' difficulties in practising their Oral English. It is generally accepted that English plays an important part in the basic education courses, and even in the advanced education.In the past, English teaching laid great emphasis on the grammatical structures instead of Oral English teaching. This leads to some serious problems that most learners in China have studied English for more ten years, yet they cannot communicate with native English speakers naturally. They probably lack the language environment, and most of them have no opportunities to practice their English orally in class. Furthermore, teachers, some of whom cannot have very good oral English, in some backward and remote areas of China, are not qualified. These certainly leave students the direct impact on the motivation of English learning.5. Difficulty of StudyIt is a little bit hard for senior students to spend some time everyday to practice their Oral English because of the heavy pressure of the entrance examination to college. Meanwhile, in view of the test-oriented system in China, teachers often emphasize a lot on preparing lesson plans for their students. Moreover, the solutions that offered in this study cannot be put into practice easily. Collecting the materials and information is another difficult thing for my limited time energy.6. Outline1. Introduction2. Theoretical Framework2.1 Foreign Language Methodologies2.2 The Requirements of the High School English Standards2.3 Theories of the second language acquisition (SLA)2.4 Motivations for Senior Students’ English Learning3. The Causes of the Problems3.1 Students’ Factors in Their Oral English Learning3.1.1 Lack of Language Environment3.1.2 Few Opportunities to Contact with English3.1.3 Lack of Confidence and Creativity3.1.4 The Impact of Psychological Obstacles3.2 Teachers’ Factors in Their Oral English Teaching3.2.1 Less proficiency in teachers’ oral English3.2.2 Poor Teaching Theories and Strategies3.2.3 The Traditional Teaching Modes3.3 Administrators’ Problems3.3.1 Large Class3.3.2 The Current English Test System4. Solutions4.1 The solutions to Students’ Problems4.1.1 Cultivation of Language Environment4.1.2 Creation of More Chances to Practice Oral English4.1.2.1 Recitation Method4.1.2.2 Step-by-step Method4.1.2.3 Finding the fixed partners to practice4.1.3 Fostering Self-confidence and Creativity4.2 The Solutions to T eachers’ Problems4.2.1 Professionalism for Teac hers’ Oral English4.2.2 Attempt of New Teaching Theories and Strategies4.2.2.1 Model-based Method4.2.2.2 Theme-based Method4.2.2.3 Question & Answer Method4.2.2.4 Interactive Approach4.2.2.5 Group Activities4.2.2.6 Role play4.2.2.7 Discussion and Debate4.2.2.8 The Art of Correcting Mistakes4.3 The Solutions to Governments’ Education Policy4.3.1 Small Class4.3.2 The Reform of English Test System5. ConclusionBibliographyRichards, J. J. The Context of Language Teaching[M]. Beijing:Foreign Language and Research Press, 2000 Robins, R. H. General Linguistics[M]. Beijing:Foreign Language and Research Press, 2002成云.⼼理学[M]. 成都:四川⼤学出版社, 2004胡春洞.英语教学法[M]. 北京:⾼等教育出版社, 1990刘家坊. 教育学[M]. 成都:四川⼤学出版社,2002中国教育部. 全⽇制普通⾼级中学英语教学⼤纲[Z]. 北京:⼈民教育出版社, 2000钟启泉. 外语教育展望[M]. 上海:华东师范⼤学出版社, 2001。
学术论文的撰写规范与要求(推荐5篇)
学术论文的撰写规范与要求(推荐5篇)第一篇:学术论文的撰写规范与要求学术论文的撰写规范与要求“科学技术报告、学位论文和学术论文的编写格式”(GB7713-87)是学术论文的撰写规范与要求的国家标准,制定和执行该标准的目的在于方便和促进信息用户及信息系统对信息进行的收集、存储、处理、加工、检索、利用、交流和传播。
1、学术论文的编写的相关要求及格式首先,论文稿应当采用A4(210mm*297mm)标准大小的白纸进行单面缮写或计算机打印,以便阅读和作相关处理。
同时要求稿纸的四周留足的空白边缘,便于装订、复制及读者批注。
每一面的上方(天头)和左侧应当分别留出25mm以上;下方(地脚)和右侧(切口)应当分别留出20mm以上。
其次,论文的章节编号需要按照GB1.1《标准化工作导则标准编写的基本规定》中第八章“标准条文的编排”的有关规定执行,即采用阿拉伯数字分级编号;不同层次的2个数字之间用下圆点(.)分隔开,末位数字后面不加点号,如“1”,“1.2”,“3.5.1”等;各层次的标题序号均左顶格排写,最后一个序号之后空一个字距接排标题。
另外,同论文题名一样,层次标题也应准确得体,能概括全章、全节的特定内容,突出中心,一般宜用词组;同时应简短精炼,明确具体。
第三,从总体结构上看,一篇学术论文一般应当由前置部分、主体部分、附录部分、结尾部分共四部分内容组成。
(1)论文的前置部分,主要包括以下项目:◆篇名(题名)即是一篇论文的题目。
它应当是以最恰当、最简明的词语反映论文所特定的重要内容的逻辑组合。
在选取篇名用词时必须考虑有助于文章关键词的选定及编制题录、索引、文摘时可供检索的实用信息的体现;篇名的长度不宜超过20个字;篇名中应当避免使用缩略语、代号及公式等。
也就是说文章的篇名不但要很准确地反映文章的主题,同时要有利于读者的识别与判断,有利于其被充分利用。
就是论文的创作者。
可以是个人,也可以是团体;可以是一位(独立创作),也可以是多位(合作完成)。
thesis statement的topic
thesis statement的topic在学术论文或议论文中,thesis statement是一个至关重要的部分,它明确地表述了整篇文章的中心思想或主要观点。
一篇优秀的thesis statement需要满足几个关键要素:明确性、简洁性、概括性和一致性。
以下是对如何撰写一个好的thesis statement的一些建议。
一、明确性明确性是thesis statement最重要的特性之一。
它应该清晰地表述文章的主要观点,确保读者可以理解你要讨论的主题和论证的方向。
避免使用模糊或含糊的词语,如“可能”、“似乎”等,这些词语可能会让读者对文章的中心思想产生混淆。
二、简洁性thesis statement应当尽可能简洁。
不要用冗长的句子或段落来表达你的观点,相反,要选择能够直接传达中心思想的简单语句。
如果可能的话,尽量避免使用从句或复杂的句子结构,这样可以让读者更容易理解你的主要观点。
三、概括性thesis statement应该概括全文的主要观点或论证。
它应该能够涵盖文章的主要内容,包括所有的论点和证据。
避免在thesis statement中包含过多的细节或具体信息,这样可能会分散读者的注意力,让他们无法理解你的主要观点。
四、一致性确保你的thesis statement始终如一,与全文保持一致。
不要在文章中改变你的观点或主题,这可能会让读者感到困惑或不确定你的主要观点是什么。
如果你的文章讨论了多个主题或观点,那么你的thesis statement应该对这些主题或观点进行概括和整合。
基于上述原则,让我们来看一个具体的例子:假设你正在撰写一篇关于气候变化问题的文章,你的thesis statement可以是:“气候变化是一个全球性的问题,其严重性日益凸显,我们需要采取积极有效的应对措施。
”这个thesis statement明确表达了文章的中心思想,即气候变化是一个严重的问题,需要我们采取积极的措施来应对。
论文指导教学大纲
课程简介课程编号:05020015课程名称:论文指导英文名称:Thesis Writing Guide学时/学分:18/1主要选课对象:英语专业本科学生课程简介:论文指导是一门指导英语专业毕业论文写作的必修课程。
其主要内容包括:毕业论文写作概论、毕业论文数字书写方式与格式要求、毕业论文的准备、毕业论文的写作、毕业论文的语言特点、毕业论文的指导以及毕业论文的答辩。
通过该课程学习,学生应能够基本熟悉毕业论文选题、写作以及答辩的基本要求,并且能为毕业论文选题与写作做好准备。
主要参考书:[1] Gibaldi, Joseph. Walter S. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. NewYork: The Modern Language Association, 1989.[2] 《英语写作手册》,丁往道著,外语教学与研究出版社,1999年。
先修课程:英语阅读、英语写作、综合英语、翻译理论与实践、高级英语《论文指导》教学大纲Thesis Writing Guide课程编号:05020026课程名称:论文指导学时/学分:18/1一、大纲说明本大纲根据英语专业2006版培养计划制订。
(一)教学对象:英语专业本科学生(二)教学目的与要求1.课程性质:专业课、必修课2. 教学目的与要求:该课程培养学生针对某一课题综合运用所学专业的基础理论、基本知识和基本技能,引导学生深入了解如何在导师指导下独立完成一份有一定学术价值的论文。
教师指导学生如何撰写文学、语言学、翻译等方面的论文,最终为毕业论文定下课题。
课程通过对英语专业毕业论文选题、写作与答辩要求的讲授,揭示英语毕业论文写作的规律,为毕业论文的选题与写作做好前期准备。
学生通过学习该课程后,应能熟悉毕业论文的选题、写作与答辩要求,特别是论文的格式要求、语言特征和选题方法。
(三)主要先修课程1、先修课程:修满1-6学期所需学分,才能修读该课程(四)教学方式与重点和难点1、教学方式:课堂讲授、案例分析2、重点和难点:毕业论文的准备(含选题、材料收集、提纲拟定)、毕业论文的撰写要求与毕业论文的语言特点。
论文的结构组成(Thestructureofthethesis)
论文的结构组成(The structure of the thesis)Structure of the thesisCatalogThe structure of the thesis consists of 1(1) the basic structure of the thesis; 1(two) Part 1 of the thesis1. title (title) 12. author's name and unit 23. Abstract 24. keywords (or subject headings) 25. Outline 26. Introduction (or introduction, preface, introduction, introduction, preface and introduction) 27. text 28. conclusion 39. thank you 310. references 3(1) the basic structure of the thesisThe thesis belongs to argumentative writing, and its basic structure consists of three parts: topic, argument and conclusionThe 1. topic: the proposition that the authenticity of the thesis needs proving2., argument: that is, to discuss and prove, mainly refers to the argument to prove the authenticity of the topic of the discussion process, is the introduction of the argument when the argument used in the form of reasoning3. conclusion: conclusion, the final judgment of the article. The main function is: (1) summarize the full text, point out the subject. (2) look forward to the future, increase confidence. (3) express feelings, strengthen the appeal(two) the component part of the thesisA complete paper should include the following:1. title (title)The title should be the most appropriate, logical combination most concise words to reflect the specific content of the paper the most important, as far as possible to avoid using abbreviations abbreviations, unusual characters, symbols, symbols and formulas. The title is generally not more than 30words.2. author's name and unitThe signature includes the participation of selected research and develop research program personnel directly involved in all or part of the research work and the main contribution of the staff, in writing papers. If it is two or more than two persons jointly complete the thesis, according to the contribution of each staff or according to the agreement of ranking.3. AbstractsAbstract: abstract, is a brief statement of the contents of the paper, the main points, suggesting that the main content of opinions, arguments or general introduction of the thesis. The text should be concise and exact. The general Chinese abstract of 200~400 words, important academic papers should not exceed 1500 words4. keyword (or keyword)Keyword is used to express the full text of the subject matter of the word or terminology for information query. Each keyword is generally selected 3~5 words5. outlineOutline refers to the main points of the content of the paper6. Introduction (or introduction, preface, introduction,introduction, preface and introduction)The introduction is the initial part of the paper. The complex content of long paper, called the "Introduction", "Introduction", clarifying the requirements of writing this article motivation, its content, meaning, to achieve the purpose. A brief description of the problem is mainly used to the content, purpose, method and significance, clarify the main points (the argument), referring to the research situation in the field of senior accounting and others, knowledge distribution and theoretical basis, the author puts forward the inheritance and development of the accounting theory and practice of research ideas and research methods, to achieve the expected results and practical significance. If the report can also explain the background, explain this investigation method. Part of the contents of "one", is intended to summarize and pick up the full text, but the text to "fewer but better" is appropriate. In the text, do not write the "preface" two words, generally write 1 paragraphs, also write 2, 3 or 4 paragraphs finish. Later, when you turn to this theory, you'd better leave 1 lines in the middle7. textThe text is the core part of this paper, the main part of this thesis is, its function is: topic analysis. The text is in-depth analysis of the introduction of the problem, using the theory and practice of combining analysis, reveals the professional field of objective things internal connection and perplexing regularity. The text writing the contents reflect the logical thinking and language expression ability, determines theintelligibility and the persuasive power. The text writing must be realistic, objective and true, sufficient preparation, logical thinking, clear, easy to understand.There are three forms of hierarchical structure used in text composition:1., the linear inference method, from the article's central argument, in-depth discussion, from one point to another point of the logical deduction, showing a linear logic depth2., coordinate the way of division, and combine several subordinate arguments that belong to the basic topic, and discuss them separately3., the combination of Linear Inference and parallel division theory, that is, the straight line theory contains the parallel division theory, and the parallel division theory has linear inference, forming complex three-dimensional structureThe main body of the thesis usually adopts third kinds of ways: the combination of Linear Inference and coordinate inference8. conclusionAt the end of the paper, check for as far as possible, to take care of the beginning, to reflect the integrity of the text. The tail echo, can all blend into one harmonious whole, give people a feeling of complete structure, and can receive the summary, highlighting the central, deep impressions. The effect of the end points summary at the end of that end, calltype at the end of threeConcluding remarks, concluding remarks and so on,Don't write in the text, as the style and content, take care of the beginning, should be an independent part, and a blank line between the upper and upper branches; if the Chinese do not stop, a blank line is not equal to you, the end part9. words of thanksXie Xie can be used as a footnote in the bottom of the front page of the article. It can also be placed at the end of the article. The words should be sincere, concise and appropriate10. referencesReferences (data) attached to the back page lists should be added more, leaving at least four at the end of the paper. Writing papers cited documents, divided into direct and indirect quotations two. Direct quote, need quotes; indirect reference, just report the effect, and Italy, no quotes. For the content of reference, to be faithful to the original, can not be used not contradictory; interpret out of context, and far fetched; in writing the paper, the author should indicate on the view that the position of citation, praise or opposition1. list the role of references(1) is to respect the original author, but also avoid claim credit due to others suspected that the author's attitude isrigorous.(2) if there is any mistake in the quotation, it is convenient to check in time(3) enable the instructor to clearly understand the depth and breadth of the author's study of the problem(4) reflects the scope and level of the author's reading materials for the writing of the thesis(5) readers who are interested in studying the same or similar topics are understood or inspired from the literature(6) it is easy to review and evaluate the results of the thesis defense2. list the specific requirements of the reference (data)(1) in accordance with graduation papers, references or citations, articles and materials(2) references cited should be official publications (including books, newspapers, magazines, etc.)(3) to indicate the serial number, author (Editor) name, title, or title in the newspaper, magazine, publishing unit (or newspaper, magazine name), publication time (magazine number, number of newspapers, etc.)。
how to write a thesis proposal
• it results in a new or improved concept, theory or model.
1
Thesis Proposals
The following sections are recommended for your thesis proposal report. Check with your supervisors for optional sections, variations and additional sections that may be required.
The aim of the thesis proposal is to convince your school that:
• There is a need for the research; it is significant and important.
• You are contributing something original to the field.
What major omissions, gaps or neglected emphases can be identified?
2
Theoretical Orientation
Your aim here is to state your basic ideas on the topic.
First, state the various theoretical approaches taken in your topic. Which one do you propose to use in your research and why? Where, tentatively do you stand on the topic?
英语专业本科毕业论文写作指导
Creating a biography
Record essential details about each source, including author, title, publication date, and publisher
Organizing materials
Arrange the collected materials into categories or themes that reflect the research focus
Principles and steps of experimental design
Control experimental conditions
Control experimental conditions to minimize confounding variables and ensure internal validity
Collection and organization of literature materials
Keeping organized notes
Take notes on important information, quotes, and ideas from each source as you read
Measure dependent and independent variables
Measure dependent and independent variables accurately and objectively using related and valid instruments
The role and steps of literature review
英语学术论文写作学术论文的写作要求及写作方法
英语学术论文写作学术论文的写作要求及写作方法Academic paper writing is an essential skill that every student and researcher should possess. It allows individuals to explore specific topics, present their findings, and contributeto the expansion of knowledge in their field of study. Thisarticle will discuss the requirements and methods of writing an academic paper.1. Requirements of Academic Paper Writing:a. Clarity and coherence: A good academic paper should be clear, well-organized, and easy to understand. The writer should present their arguments and ideas in a logical and coherent manner to guide readers through the paper.b. Research-based: An academic paper should be grounded in extensive research. This involves conducting a literature review, gathering data, and analyzing relevant sources to support the arguments made throughout the paper.c. Originality and contribution: A strong academic paper should present novel insights or contribute to existing knowledge. It should offer a unique perspective or provide additional evidence to enhance the understanding of the topic.d. Proper citation and referencing: To maintain academic integrity, all sources used in the paper must be properly cited.This prevents plagiarism and allows readers to verify the information presented.e. Structure and format: Academic papers typically follow a specific structure, including an introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion. Adhering tothis structure helps readers navigate through the paper more effectively.2. Methods of Academic Paper Writing:a. Identify a research question: Begin by choosing aresearch question or topic that is interesting and relevant to your field of study. Make sure the research question is specific and focused, allowing for in-depth exploration.c. Develop an outline: Create a clear outline that organizes your thoughts and ideas. This helps maintain a logical flow and ensures that all essential points are addressed.e. Present your methodology and research findings: Clearly explain the methodology used for your study and present your findings. Use graphs, tables, and other visuals to enhance the presentation of data.f. Analyze your results and discuss their implications: Interpret and analyze your research findings, discussing their implications in relation to previous studies. Identify any limitations or further areas of research.g. Write a concise conclusion: Summarize your main findings and highlight their significance. Avoid introducing new information in the conclusion.h. Revise and edit: Proofread your paper for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. Ensure that your ideas flow smoothly and logically.i. Cite your sources properly: Use the appropriate citation style (such as APA, MLA, or Chicago) to reference your sources accurately throughout the paper.In conclusion, writing an academic paper requires clarity, research-based content, originality, proper citation, and adherence to a defined structure. By following these requirements and methods, students and researchers can effectively contribute to their field of study and advance knowledge in their chosen area.。
4-Writing the Thesis Statement论文写作
★The thesis statement should commit the writer to a single line of argument. ★The thesis statement should not be worded in figurative language. ★The thesis statement should not be vaguely worded. Poor: Cigarette smoking wreaks havoc on the body. Revised: Cigarette smoking harms the body by constricting the blood vessels, accelerating the heartbeat, paralyzing the cilia in the bronchial tubes, and activating excessive gastric secretions in the stomach.
• Suggested Thesis Statement : After six decades of being judged a demoniacal libertine, Rasputin now deserves to be viewed as a man with intense religious feelings, passionate desire for peace and deep devotion to his family and frirch papers have no thesis, but instead have a statement of purpose, which is merely an announcement of what the writer proposes to do. e.g. • This paper will analyze the present California juvenile reform system and its procedures for rehabilitating convicted delinquents....
英文作文thesis怎么写
英文作文thesis怎么写英文:When it comes to writing a thesis, the first thing you need to do is choose a topic that interests you and is relevant to your field of study. Once you have chosen your topic, you need to conduct thorough research to gather as much information as possible. This includes reading books, articles, and other sources of information that are related to your topic.After you have gathered all of your research, you need to organize it into an outline. This will help you to structure your thesis and ensure that your ideas flow smoothly and logically. Your outline should include an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion.Once you have your outline in place, you can begin writing your thesis. Your introduction should grab the reader's attention and provide background information onyour topic. Your body paragraphs should present your research and arguments in a clear and concise manner, using examples and evidence to support your claims. Your conclusion should summarize your main points and provide a final thought on your topic.It's important to remember that writing a thesis is a time-consuming process that requires a lot of hard work and dedication. However, with the right mindset and approach, you can produce a high-quality thesis that will impress your professors and peers.中文:在撰写论文时,首先要做的是选择一个你感兴趣且与你所学专业相关的主题。
《上海理工大学本科毕业设计(论文)撰写规范及样本》
There should be one spaceline betweenABSTARCT textandKEYWORDS.It is appropriate to list3 to 5 keywords.
2.8
参考文献(三号华文中宋加粗,居中,段前4行,段后2行)。
参考文献序号用方括号括起。
参考文献序号和内容用五号宋体和Times New Roman。
2.9
致谢(三号华文中宋加粗,居中,段前4行,段后2行)。
致谢文本(小四号宋体和Times New Roman,首行缩进2字符,1.25倍行距)。
第
3.1
2.7
一级标题(三号华文中宋和Times New Roman加粗,居中,段前4行,段后2行)。
二级标题(四号宋体和Times New Roman加粗,左对齐顶格,段前1行,段后0.5行)。
三级标题(小四号宋体和Times New Roman加粗,左对齐顶格,段前0.5行,段后0行)。
正文文字(小四号宋体和Times New Roman,首行缩进2字符,1.25倍行距)。
中外文摘要均包括摘要正文和关键词。
1
论文摘要简要陈述本科毕业设计(论文)的内容,创新见解和主要论点。中文摘要在500字左右,外文摘要应与中文摘要的内容相符。
1
关键词是反映毕业设计(论文)主题内容的名词,是供检索使用的。关键词条应为通用词汇,不得自造关键分下方。
建议采用Microsoft Word 2010编排论文。
由于论文格式问题非常繁杂,无法将所有设置描述清楚,只能对一些主要的设置做出扼要的说明。一个快捷有效的方法就是把本规范的电子版作为模板。
研究论文写作要求及评分标准
研究论文写作要求及评分标准一、引言在进行研究论文写作时,需要遵循一定的要求和评分标准。
本文将介绍研究论文写作的一些基本要求和评分标准,帮助您更好地完成论文写作。
二、研究论文写作要求研究论文写作要求如下:1. 文章结构明确:研究论文应包括引言、文献综述、研究方法、实验结果与分析、结论等部分,每个部分之间应有明确的逻辑连接,使整篇论文具有良好的连贯性。
2. 逻辑严密:研究论文应具有清晰的逻辑关系和论证思路,各论点之间应有充分的论据和扎实的逻辑推理。
3. 内容全面准确:研究论文应详尽地介绍研究问题、研究目标和研究方法,并对实验结果进行客观、准确的描述。
4. 论文结构合理:研究论文的段落分布和句子结构应合理、紧凑,有条理地展开论述。
5. 科学用词:研究论文应使用科学的术语和规范的词汇,避免使用不准确、主观的说法。
三、研究论文评分标准研究论文的评分标准如下:1. 内容完整性(30%):论文的内容是否完整,是否准确地介绍了研究问题、研究目标和研究方法。
2. 论证逻辑性(30%):论文的论证思路是否严密,各论点是否有充分的论据和扎实的逻辑推理。
3. 实验结果与分析(20%):对实验结果是否进行了客观、准确的描述,并对结果进行了合理的分析和解释。
4. 文章结构和语言表达(10%):文章的结构是否合理、紧凑,语言表达是否规范、准确。
5. 学术态度和参考文献(10%):对他人的研究是否进行了恰当的引用,并体现了学术态度和尊重知识产权的观念。
四、结论研究论文的写作要求和评分标准对于完成一篇优秀的论文非常重要。
只有合理地组织论文结构,严谨地论证思路,客观地描述实验结果,并遵循学术规范,才能获得好的评分。
希望本文的介绍能对您的研究论文写作有所帮助。
论文撰写要求及规范
论文撰写要求及规范
论文是一种系统性的学术研究成果,它通过对一些问题进行深入探讨、分析和解答,从而得出科学结论。
为了保证论文的质量和规范性,以下是
论文撰写的要求和规范。
1.标题和摘要:论文的标题应简明扼要地概括研究内容,摘要应包括
研究背景、目的、方法、结果和结论等要点,并尽量控制在200字左右。
2.引言:引言部分应包括对研究背景和意义的介绍,对已有研究成果
的综述,以及阐述研究目的和重要性。
同时,引言部分还应明确论文的结
构和组织框架。
3.方法:方法部分应详细描述研究所采用的方法、实验设计、数据采
集和处理方法等。
在描述方法时,应精确、清晰地阐述每个步骤和操作流程。
5.讨论:讨论部分应根据结果进行深入分析,并与已有研究成果进行
对比和讨论。
同时,对研究结果的科学意义、局限性和可能的改进方向进
行说明。
6.结论:结论部分应简明扼要地总结研究成果,回答研究问题,并提
出进一步研究的可行性建议。
8.文献综述:论文撰写前,应进行充分的文献综述,了解已有研究成
果和进展,从而确定研究的切入点和研究方法。
9.结构和语言:论文的结构应合理有序,逻辑清晰。
语言应准确简练,使用科技术语和专业名词时应准确无误。
10.附录和图表:附录和图表应按照论文的要求进行编号和标注,清
晰易读。
对于复杂的实验数据或详细的研究方案,可以使用附录进行展示。
11.学术诚信:论文撰写应遵循学术道德和诚信原则,严禁抄袭和剽
窃他人成果。
引用他人研究成果时,应进行准确引用并注明出处。
thesis statement 主题陈述
thesis statement 主题陈述全文共四篇示例,供读者参考第一篇示例:thesis statement(主题陈述)在学术论文中扮演着至关重要的角色,它是整个论文的核心观点和总纲。
主题陈述旨在界定研究范围和主要目标,通过一个简明扼要的句子或两句话来表达对研究问题的看法或观点。
一个清晰而有力的主题陈述可以帮助读者迅速地理解论文的主旨,引导他们阅读和理解研究的意义和结果。
主题陈述应该是明确和具体的。
当撰写主题陈述时,作者需要明确指出自己的论点或观点,并在主题陈述中提供论文的中心思想。
这可以帮助作者避免在后续的研究中迷失方向,也可以帮助读者更好地理解作者的观点和研究意图。
主题陈述还应该是有争议性的。
一个好的主题陈述应该能够引起读者的兴趣和好奇心,激发他们对研究问题的探索欲望。
这样一来,读者将更有动力去阅读后续的论文内容,了解作者的研究方法和结论。
一个有争议性的主题陈述也可以促使作者深入研究问题,并从不同角度思考,以确保论文的深度和完整性。
在制作主题陈述时,作者还需要确保其与论文的整体结构和内容相一致。
主题陈述应该包括在引言部分中,并与后续的论文内容相呼应。
这样一来,主题陈述将成为引言的重要组成部分,帮助读者建立对论文整体结构和内容的总体认识。
第二篇示例:在撰写一篇论文时,最重要的一部分就是thesis statement(主题陈述)。
thesis statement是论文的核心,是整篇文章的基石,是作者要为读者证明或说明的中心思想。
一个明确清晰的thesis statement 可以帮助读者理解文章的主题,引导作者在整个文章中保持一致的思路。
thesis statement通常出现在文章的开头部分或是第一段末尾,它应该简明扼要地概括整篇文章的主题,并阐明作者要论证的观点或支持的论据。
一个好的thesis statement应当具有以下特点:thesis statement应该具有针对性。
它应该回答一个特定的问题或提出一个明确的论点,而不是简单地陈述一个泛泛的主题。
研究生学位论文写作格式规范
研究生学位论文写作格式规范为了适应我国社会主义现代化建设的需要,培养社会主义市场经济所需的高层次人才,不断提高我校研究生学位论文质量,特制定本规范。
1、学位论文用字、打印、用纸(1)学位论文用纸一律为a4纸。
(2)论文打印要求加页眉,在每一页的最上方,用5号楷体,居中排列,页眉之下双划线。
页眉应写章次及章标题,页码写在页脚居中。
(3)论文要求打印。
汉字一律使用规范的简化字,不得使用不合规定的、简化字、复合字、异体字或自造汉字。
论文正文用小四号宋体字。
文内标题采用3级标注,即1,1.1,1. 1. 1。
(4)论文版芯要求:每页页边距上边35 mm,下边30mm;左、右留边25mm。
每页字数为34(行)×38(字);页眉为25mm;页脚为20mm。
2、论文顺序和装订论文顺序依次为:封面、中文摘要、英文摘要、目录、主要符号表、正文、结论、致谢、参考文献、附录、攻读学位期间发表的论文、专利、获奖及社会评价情况。
主要符号表和附录可按需列入。
博士学位论文装订20本,评阅、答辩12本,导师1本,研究生2本,交研究生部学位办5本。
硕士学位论文装订8本:评阅人2本,导师1本,研究生1本,交研究生部学位办4本。
装订后论文规格206mm×293mm。
3、学位论文前置部分前置部分包括封面、中文摘要、英文摘要、目录及主要符号表。
3.1 封面按国家规定的格式由研究生部统一印制。
密级:秘密、机密、绝密。
分类号:按学科类别,利用《中国图书资料分类法》确定论文的分类号。
论文题目:中文(包括副标题和标点符号)不超过20字;英文为中文标题的正确译文。
指导老师:为招生时所确定的导师(或经研究生部同意更换的导师)姓名及职称、协助指导的导师不填。
学科门类:填“法学”、“理学”、“工学”、“管理学”。
3.2.1 中文摘要在论文的第一页,简要说明研究工作的目的、方法、成果和结论,重点说明本论文的成果和新见解。
中文摘要字数为500~1000字左右。
学术论文各部分的写作要求与方法
学术论文各部分的写作要求与方法学术论文是一种用于研究、交流和讨论学术问题的文学形式。
一篇优秀的学术论文需要包含以下几个主要部分:引言、文献综述、方法、结果、讨论和结论。
本文将对这些部分的写作要求和方法进行详细阐述。
一、引言部分的写作要求与方法引言部分是学术论文的起始部分,其目的是引入研究主题、说明研究的重要性,并提出研究问题和目标。
在写作引言部分时,需要注意以下几点:1. 清晰地介绍研究主题和研究问题:引言部分应对读者明确介绍研究主题和研究问题,以便读者能够理解研究的背景和目的。
2. 简要综述相关文献:引言部分应对相关的研究文献进行简要综述,展示目前已有研究进展,并说明本研究的创新之处。
3. 提出研究目标和科学问题:在引言部分的结尾,需要明确提出本研究的目标和科学问题,以指导后续研究方法和结果的展示。
二、文献综述部分的写作要求与方法文献综述部分是对相关研究文献进行系统性梳理和评述的部分,其目的是展示研究领域的研究进展和存在的问题,并准确定位本研究的创新点和意义。
在撰写文献综述部分时,应注意以下几点:1. 系统地收集和整理相关文献:为了保证文献综述的全面性和准确性,需要系统地收集和整理与研究主题相关的学术文献。
2. 分析和评价现有研究:在综述文献的过程中,需要对现有研究进行分析和评价,对不同研究观点和观点之间的差异进行比较,找出目前研究的不足之处,并为本研究的创新点和意义提供支持。
3. 确定本文研究的创新点和意义:通过对文献的综述和分析,需要明确指出本文研究的创新点和对学术研究的贡献。
这可以在文献综述的结尾进行总结和归纳。
三、方法部分的写作要求与方法方法部分是对研究的方法和实验设计进行描述和解释的部分。
在撰写方法部分时,需要注意以下几点:1. 清晰地描述研究的方法:方法部分应对研究所采用的具体方法进行清晰的描述,包括实验设计、样本选择、数据采集和数据分析等。
2. 详细解释实验步骤和操作:除了简单地列出实验步骤和操作流程,还需要对每个步骤和操作进行详细的解释,以便读者能够理解和复制实验过程。
Thesis Guide
THESIS GUIDE 2011-12:Preparing a Thesis or Dissertation at Oregon State University Congratulations! You have arrived at an important step in the pursuit of your graduate degree—the writing of your thesis or dissertation. You have devoted considerable effort to a major scholarly project; you must now document that work.STUDENT RESPONSIBILITYYou will be guided and advised by your major professor, your examining committee, and the staff at the OSU Graduate School while you work on your thesis document. However, the ultimate responsibility for the document rests with you.You are responsible for:∏Obtaining the necessary information to prepare the document,∏Meeting the deadlines associated with its preparation (see the Guide to Success, at/dept/grad_school/current/success.html),∏Submitting the necessary forms described in the Guide to Success, and∏Ensuring that your document conforms to all requirements in this Thesis Guide.Your document must clearly state your objectives and conclusions, and present your results in a lucid and succinct manner. It must have a professional appearance and be user-friendly.GENERAL FORMATStandard Document Format refers to one thesis document that addresses a single theme. The Pretext Pages, Introduction, Conclusion, and Bibliography are mandatory. Your committee determines the additional chapters; you choose the chapter titles. The following parts comprise the Standard Document Format:Pretext Pages (see model pages illustrated in Figures 2-11)Chapter 1 – IntroductionChapter 2 – Literature ReviewChapter 3 – Materials and MethodsChapter 4 – ResultsChapter 5 – DiscussionChapter 6 – ConclusionBibliographyAppendices (optional)Manuscript Document Format is a single thesis document made up of several scholarly manuscripts or journal articles addressing a common theme. All manuscripts/articles must be related or address a single, common theme. You must be the primary author of each manuscript. Co-authors other than your major professor must be mentioned in a Contribution of Authors page (see Figure 9, page 8) in the pretext section of the document. Formatting should be consistent for each journal, and must follow the thesis guide formatting not the separate journal formats. The following parts comprise the Manuscript Document Format:Pretext Pages (see model pages illustrated in Figures 2-11)Chapter 1 – General Introduction (common introduction linking all manuscripts thematically)Chapter 2 – First ManuscriptChapter 3 – Second ManuscriptChapter 4 – General Conclusion (common conclusion linking all manuscripts thematically)Bibliography (common bibliography covering all manuscripts, although each manuscript may have its own reference section)Appendices – (optional)Note: Within the larger Manuscript Format thesis document, Chapter Heading Pages (see Figure 1 below) precede individual manuscripts that have already been published. Manuscripts must uniformly conform to these thesis guidelines.Figure 1. Chapter HeadingPage for ManuscriptDocument FormatPAGE LAYOUT AND TEXT REQUIREMENTSMargin Requirements:The left margin must be at least 1.5 inches (recommend 1.7). All other margins must be at least 1 inch, preferably 1.5 for top margin. Nothing may invade a margin. Every page must meet margin requirements. Page Numbering:Pretext pages: Do not number pretext pages.Body: The body of the text, including Appendix/Appendices and Bibliography, are numbered consecutively with Arabic Numbers (e.g. 2, 3, etc.). Page one, although counted, is not numbered.Most software comes with the ability to suppress page one numbering. If your software does not have this ability, remove the page number from page one manually.Page numbers must appear at the top right corner of pages, approximately 1inch from the top edge of the page and at least 1 inch from the right edge of the page. Page numbers must not invade any margins.There should be at least one return between the page number and the first line of text.Title:Your document begins with its title repeated and centered on page one. Titles longer than one line should be single-spaced. The document's title does not count as a heading level.Text Spacing:Use either double or 1.5 line spacing for the body of text. Do not mix the spacing. Use single spacing in the following situations:For headings longer than one lineFor figure titles/legendsFor bibliographical and reference citationsFor direct quoted materialFor items listed within the body of the text (optional)Where indicated in the pretext sectionTEXT FORMAT REQUIREMENTSFont: Use regular, unadorned print, 10- to12-point size for text (headings may be 14-point only if all headings are 14-point). Use the same font style and font size throughout.Headings: Chapter names are Level 1 headings. Subheadings of a chapter are Level 2 headings. Subheadings of chapter subheadings are Level 3 headings, and so forth. Each level must look different from the other levels. Headings of the same level must look the same throughout the document. All headings, regardless of level, must be the same font size. Either number all headings or number none (See figures 10a and 10b). Single space headings that are more than one line. Use adequate and consistent spacing between the headings and the text. A minimum of two subheadings may be used within a given level. Each level 1 heading begins a new page.Appendix Heading Page: A numbered, counted page should be inserted in front of your document's appendix/appendices. The word APPENDIX (or APPENDICES) should be centered about 1/3 down this page. This heading page and its page number should appear in the Table of Contents.Blocked Quotes: Use Blocked Quotes for quoted material longer than three lines. Use the same font size as within the text. Single-space the quotation, and indent it evenly on both sides. There is no need to justify quotations.References: Use the same font size as within the text. Choose a reference style with the guidance of your major professor and your committee and be consistent. Single-space each citation, and use adequate and consistent spacing between citations.Endnotes: Footnotes collected at the end of a chapter are called endnotes. Use the same font size as within the text. Single-space each endnote, and use adequate and consistent spacing between endnotes. Orphan Lines/Headers/Footnotes: No orphan lines may appear at the top or bottom of a page. No headers or footers may be used. Footnotes are acceptable.FIGURESFigures may be located in one of two places in your document. You must choose one system, and use it consistently throughout your work.1.Insert the figure within the text, as close as possible after the first reference is made to it.2.Place your figures at the end of the chapter in which it is first discussed or referenced.Figure Labels and Captions: The definition of a figure is quite broad. “Figures” include charts, diagrams, drawings, examples, graphs, illustrations, maps, photographs, etc. In the majority of cases, if it’s not a table, it is a figure. A figure’s labels denote the type of figure and its number, and a figure’s caption is its title and description. Every figure must have a label and caption unless there is only one figure of its type in the document. Use consecutive label numbers by order of appearance within the text. Each figure must have a unique number. Illustrations that take up more than one page should have the label followed by “(Continued)” on the second page. Label and caption font size is the same as body text size. Use adequate (at least one return) and consistent spacing between and figure and its label and caption and between the figure and text. A figure’s label and caption should be placed outside its boundaries, commonly above a table and below an illustration. If both a figure and its label and caption do not fit on one page, place only the label on the page with the figure, and place the label and caption on a separate page that precedes the figure (called a legend page). Single-space the label and caption and center it 1/3 of the way down the page. Include no other text on this page. List the page number of the legend page in the pretext list.TABLESA table is broadly defined as a compact, systematic list of data (facts, figures, values, etc.), generally arranged in columns and/or rows. All tables must be listed in the pretext pages’ List of Tables.Table Captions: Are located above the table, on the same page as the table. Table captions should contain the illustration number, i.e., Table 1 and its title. You may number tables consecutively throughout the text or within the chapter, i.e., Table 1.1 for the first table in Chapter 1 and Table 2.1 for the first title in Chapter 2. As always, pick one method and use it consistently throughout your document. Landscaping: Because of their shape, some figures may need to be placed crosswise on a page. If so, the top of the figure should be at the left margin as viewed normally (i.e. portrait orientation), and the caption should be parallel to the right margin. The page number keeps the same location and orientation as all other page numbers in the text. Margin requirements apply.Mounting: Figures should be photocopied directly onto the cotton bond paper whenever possible. If it is necessary to use original figures, they must be mounted onto the cotton bond paper with a spray adhesive. Rubber cement should not be used, because it yellows and deteriorates over time. To test if your figure is correctly mounted, put your fingernail under an edge and try to lift it away from the cotton bond paper—if it lifts even slightly at any edge, you must fasten it again.Color: Color used to differentiate lines, bars, or segments will reproduce as shades of gray on microfilm. Photocopy in color on the final paper copy. Choose high-contrast colors that will remain distinct, or use symbols with or without the color. Photocopy the image directly onto cotton bond paper or use a laser color printer.Oversized Figures: There are 3 ways of managing the inclusion of oversized figures:∏Reduction: Photographically reduce the size of figures to meet margin requirements. Page numbers and figure captions must remain the same font size as the text.∏Accordion Fold: The final, folded page must be 11 inches in height and no more than 8 inches wide.Fold the page from right to left, making the final folded width 8 inches. Fold the page a second time from left to right so the page number appears in the same position as all other pages in the text.∏Pocket Addition: Valley Library will attach a pocket to the back binding and fold the figure to fit it.Doctoral students must submit an extra (third) copy of the figure.DOCUMENT PARTS –IN ORDER OF APPEARANCERegardless of general format, the thesis includes particular parts in an established order as listed below. Model pages are provided for most pretext pages. In all cases, margin requirements apply (see above) and the same font style/size must be used in the body of the text and elsewhere. All titles of pretext pages should be formatted identically with respect to font size and style.I. Pretext PagesA. Flyleaf—a blank pageB. Abstract (see Figures 2, 3, 4). An abstract is a summary of the document’s purpose, methods,major findings, and conclusions. All library copy abstracts must include the major professor’soriginal signature. Your name (designated “Student Name”) must appear exactly the samethroughout the document. In all cases, use the official name of the major, found in theGraduate Catalog pages 9-13. Underline where indicated.Figure 2. AbstractPage for Master’sDegreeA The line breaks in thesefour lines do not imply hardreturns. Hard return after thedefense date only.B Include major professor’smiddle initial unless there isnone. Do not include his/hertitle. Co-major Professorsmay share the same signatureline; put both names belowthe line.Figure 3. Abstract Page for MAIS DegreeA Use official Major names for Areas of Concentration (see Graduate Catalog, pages 9-14).B The line breaks in these six lines do not imply hard returns. Hard return after the defense date only.C Include major professor’s middle initial unless there is none. Do not include his/her title. Co-major Professors may share the same signatureline; put both names below the line.Format for PhD students:Figure 4. Abstract Page for Doctoral DegreeA The line breaks in these four lines do not imply hard returns. Hard returnafter the defense date only.B Include major professor’s middle initial unless there is none. Do not includehis/her title. Co-major Professors share the same signature line; put bothnames below the line with several spaces between names.C. Copyright Page (see Figure 5)—optional but recommended. Print your name exactlyas you did in the Abstract. Wording should begin 10 returns from the first line.Figure 5. Optional Copyright Page.D. Title Page (see Figure 6)Doctoral students may use “A DISSERTATION” instead of “A THESIS” on Title Page, Abstract, and Approval Pages. Follow division of this sentence exactly.Defense DateCommencement date is the June following the defense date unless spring term deadlines are missed.Spacing should be the same after your name, “Oregon State University,” and your degree.Title must match Abstract and page one title exactly. Do not boldface the title. Return twice after the title.E. Approval Page (see Figure 7). On the Approval Page, the Major Professor represents the major. The Approval Page considers your advisor as your major professor, regardless of his/her official rank or tenure home. Official major names and department names can be found in the Graduate Catalog. Some majors and departments have the same name while others differ. The major name used on the Approval Page should exactly match the one on the Abstract. All signatures collected on the library copies’ approval pages must be original. Your signature constitutes consent to have your document available for public reference in Valley Library.Alternate wordings for signature lines:Wording with 2 Major ProfessorsCo-Major Professor, representingName of MajorCo-Major Professor, representingName of MajorHead/Chair of the Name of MajorDean of the Graduate SchoolWording with Dual MajorsCo-Major Professor, representingName of 1st MajorCo-Major Professor, representingName of 2nd MajorHead/Chair of the 1st Dept. NameHead/Chair of the 2nd Dept. NameDean of the Graduate SchoolDepartment Is A College or SchoolExample: Major is PharmacyMajor Professor, representingPharmacyDean of the College of PharmacyDean of the Graduate SchoolWording for MAISMajor Professor, representing Name ofMajor Area of ConcentrationDirector of the InterdisciplinaryStudies ProgramDean of the Graduate School Figure 7.Standard Approval PageF. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (see Figure 8)—optional but recommended. The exact content of this page is up to you. Use same text spacing either 1.5 or double space.Figure 8. Acknowledgement Page.G. CONTRIBUTION OF AUTHORS (see Figure 9)—manuscript document format onlyFigure 9. Contribution of Authors(manuscript format only)H. TABLE OF CONTENTS (see figures 10a and 10b, next page). Ensure that the page numbers accurately reflect where the headings appear in the text. Listing the chapter headings in the Table of Contents is required; listing the subheadings is optional, and you may list some levels but not others. Levels are denoted by indention in the Table of Contents. Wording, spelling, and capitalization of headings in the Table of Contents must match the heading in the body of the text exactly. If headings are numbered in the Table of Contents, they must be numbered correspondingly in the text.List appendix or appendices (if applicable) in the Table of Contents or in a separate List of Appendices, if more than five. In either case, list the Appendices Heading Page (see page 3) in the Table of Contents. When listing an individual appendix, include its title.If the Table of Contents is more than one page, subsequent pages should be headed “TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued).”Return twice between the TABLE OF CONTENTS heading and the first item in the table.Do not underline, bold, or italicize in the Table of Contents (unless the heading is a scientific species name)Figure 10a. Table of Contents with NumberingI. LIST OF FIGURES (see figures 11a and 11b). Lists are required if two or more figures appear within the text.J. LIST OF TABLES (see figures 11a and 11b). Lists are required if two or more tables appearwithin the text.Choose one of the two methods of numbering in the model pages illustrated in Figures 11a and 11b and use it for both Lists of Figures and Lists of Tables. If a list is longer than one page, subsequent pages should be headed “LIST OF FIGURES (Continued)” or “LIST OF TABLES (Continued).” The first sentence of the figure or table caption must be listed, and the wording must match the text exactly. List only one page number per figure or table. When there is a legend page in front of a figure (see information on FIGURES below), list the legend page only. Figures in the appendices are listed on a separate List of Appendix Figures list.Return twice between the LIST OF FIGURES/TABLES heading and the first listing.Figure 10b. Table of Contents without NumberingSingle-space listings with a single return if double spacing is used in the text, or 2 returns if 1.5 spacing is used.K. LIST OF APPENDICES (optional). If list of appendices is short, it may be attached to theTable of Contents. For more than 5 appendices, or list different heading levels are listed in the appendices, a separate List of Appendices is required. If two or more figures appear in the appendices, a List of Appendix Figures and/or a List of Appendix Tables are required.L. LIST OF APPENDIX FIGURES For two or more figures in the appendices.M. LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES. For two or more tables in the appendices.N. Other Lists. If you are including other lists, such as lists of abbreviations, nomenclature, symbols , and so forth, each list must have its own page. The elements of these lists do not need numbering or page numbers.O. DEDICATION (optional) If desired, you may dedicate your document to the honor ofsomeone. Dedications are usually short. Margin requirements apply. Use the same font/font size as text body. Arrangement of page is at your discretion.P. Preface (optional)II. Body of Text (follow standard or manuscript document format)III. BibliographyIV. Appendix/Appendices (optional)V. Flyleaf (a blank page not numbered)Figure 11a. List of Figures/Tables with Consecutive NumberingFigure 11b. List of Figures/Tables with Numbering by ChapterPRINTING AND PACKAGINGCotton Bond Paper:Cotton bond paper contains a minimum of 25% cotton bond fiber and has a weight of at least 20 lbs. Each sheet should have a watermark with the cotton content noted. Cotton bond paper should be white for all documents and should not have texture or design lines. Purchase enough to use the same paper throughout the document and for any pages that are corrected after submission. Flyleaf pages are also the same paper.Printing Specifications:You may have one copy printed at no charge at the Student Multimedia Services, located on the 2nd floor of the Valley Library. The document's text must appear on only one side of the cotton bond paper. It is preferable to photocopy the final document onto cotton bond paper; however, it is permissible to use a laser printer. Documents with colorful charts, graphs, etc. must be printed in color. Pages that have bleeding ink will be returned. Pages with broken text, ink blemishes, and crooked text must be recopied. Remember to examine the pagination of your document before you put it on cotton bond paper. Pages from page 2 onward should have consecutive page numbers that are the same font size and located in the same position. After the copying process is complete, count the pages again to be sure none were skipped.Electronic Submission: Submit one PDF copy of your thesis/dissertation, without signatures, electronically to ScholarsArchive, for instructions refer to our website at -/dept/grad_school/current/etd_guide.html. For the file name use your last name, first name, middle initial, and year – example; EdisonThomasA2009.Envelope Preparation Submit one paper copy of your thesis to the Graduate School in a manila envelope with a metal clasp back closure. Choose an envelope that is appropriate to the size of your document. Pages put in envelopes that are too large or too small may be damaged before they reach the library. Tape a copy of the document's Title Page (See figure 6) to the outside front of the envelope. Additional pages, copyright permission letters, enclosures such as maps and disks, and so forth should be placed inside the envelope. Oversized attachments may be packaged in separate envelopes or tubes that are properly labeled with your name and the title of your document. Documents that are not properly packaged will not be accepted at the time of submission. Master students submit two extra Title pages for certification processing.Doctoral Students Only: Submit an extra Abstract (see figure 4) with an original signature and three extra Title pages printed on the cotton bond paper, with the final copy of your dissertation. The extra Abstract and Title page will be sent to ProQuest. Also submit the microfilming forms, microfilm receipt and Survey of Earned Doctorate. The Microfilm forms can be downloaded from our website at - /dissertationagree/umi_agreement_ftpcd.pdf.Please use the username “dissertations” and the password “publish” when prompted. Print out pages 4 and 5, page 6 is optional and used when paying for copyright fees ($55.00) for an ISBN number. On page 4 we recommend Traditional Publishing option, as ProQuest will charge an additional $120.00 for Open Access Publishing whereas open access is free through ScholarsArchive. Pay microfilm fee of $25.00 ($80.00 if paying copyright) at the OSU Cashier’s Office located on the first floor of Kerr Admin Building and bring the yellow receipt to the Graduate School along with the final copy of your dissertation.COPYRIGHT PERMISSIONTo answer questions regarding copyright law, OSU has a Copyright Center. Contact Copyright Specialist Steve Maze - 541-737-3978 – Stephen.maze@.Website: /copyright-information.You should assume that any material from other sources that you use in your thesis, including text, pictures, musical compositions, graphs, charts, cartoons, and so forth, is copyrighted.You must obtain written permission from the copyright owner to use it. To obtain written permission, send the copyright owner a concise letter specifying your intended use and allow ample time for a response. If you get no response or if you are denied permission, you must remove the copyrighted material from your document.A doctoral student should send out copyright permission requests at least four months before his or her defense date. Be sure to state that copies of the document may be distributed by ProQuest by request.You must submit a copy (keep the original in a safe place) of all letters granting the use of copyrighted material to the Graduate School.In the US, if you have created an original document, it is automatically copyrighted for the period of your lifetime plus fifty years. Formal notice or registration is not necessa ry; nevertheless, you should include a copyright page (see figure 5) in your document to alert readers that you are the copyright owner and that you acknowledge your legal rights. You may wish to register your copyright, though this step is optional. Registration establishes public record of your document, its copyright and your name and address. Students who choose to register the copyright personally should contact: Registration of Copyright, Copyright Office, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540.ETHICSEthical research practice requires you to avoid:Plagiarism: failure to acknowledge the work of others by using proper citations and obtainingwritten permission to use copyrighted material.Fabrication: the creation of fictitious research results.Falsification: alteration of research results by misrepresentation or selective reporting offindings.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
Graduation (Degree) Thesis Guidance for Students in the International School, Jinan University1. Aims and RequirementsThe writing of graduation (degree) thesis is an important part of the process in evaluating and reviewing the academic performance of graduating students. The aims are(1) to teach the students to comprehensively apply the basic theories, knowledge and skills in respective majors,(2) to help students develop their abilities in independent research, analysis and problem solving.The graduation thesis should be an important reference in evaluating the width and depth of the students’ knowledge, as well as a criterion in granting the bachelor’s degrees.The requirements of graduation thesis should include:(1) positive and serious attitude for independent research,(2) theoretical research with implication to reality,(3) writing styles that are clear, concise, smooth and logical, and(4) no acts of plagiarism.2. The Scope of TopicsThe topics of graduation thesis must be within the scope of respective majors, reflecting the latest development in theory or application. Topics should entail adequate amount of research for the students.For details in choosing topic, please refer to “Jinan University Guidelines for Thesis or Design by Undergraduate Students.” (Available at the website of Academic Affairs Department)3. Structure of ThesisA graduation thesis should include: title, statement of originality, abstract and key words, contents, text, acknowledgements, appendix and references.1) The title of the thesis should be precise, clear, and adequate in reflecting the scope of research, avoiding abbreviations.2) A concise abstract should briefly state the purpose of the research and the main results. An abstract is often presented separate from the article, so it must be able to stand alone. The abstract should be about 150 words with 3-8 key words.3) The main text should be the most important part of a thesis, with clearly stated viewpoints, data, and analysis. It should be written in formal English, with 5000 words.4) Format of the thesis includes the following details(1) The thesis should be word processed using software such as Microsoft Word. It should be formatted on A4 size paper, one-sided. The margins for each page should be 3cm on the left, 2cm on the right, 2.5cm on the top and bottom, respectively.(2) Cover for the thesis will be provided by the Academic AffairsDepartment of University. Students should type titles and names on the cover accordingly in English. An inner-cover will also be provided by the university, which contains the same content as the cover, and it must be typed in Chinese.(3) The font of the thesis should be Times New Roman. Use font size 16 for the title, 12 for the rest of thesis. Only the title should be in bold letters. 1.5 times of line spacing should be used throughout the thesis. (4) Page numbers should be printed on the lower right-hand corners of every page except cover, statement of originality, abstract & key words and contents.(5) Title of the thesis should be no more than 20 words.(6) The abstract should be written in less than 150 words. Three to eight keys words should be listed at the end of the abstract on a separate line, with comma (,) separating each word.(7) Contents should be constructed, including structure of the thesis, appendix, acknowledgements, references and respective page numbers. (8) To present levels of subsections in the main text, the thesis should use numerical symbols such as “1”, “1.1”, “1.1.1”, and “1.1.1.1” for different levels respectively. Within the text, numbering of content should use brackets such as “(1)”.(9) Tables and illustrations (charts): must be self explaining (readers can understand them without reading the text). Each table should have tablenumber, table title, and source of information. Each illustration (chart) should also have figure number, figure title, and source of data. All tables must be numbered numerically, so must the figures.(10) Acknowledgements should be placed at the end of the main text, in expressing gratuity to institutions or persons.(11) Appendix is a supplemental part of the thesis, which is not compulsory. The following items can be placed in appendix:a) materials that do not fit into the main text logicallyb) materials that are too long or photo copiedc) not interesting to ordinary readers, only valuable to professionals(12) References to publications should be as follows: 'Smith (1992) reported that...' or 'This problem has been studied previously (e.g., Smith et al., 1969)'.The author should make sure that there is a strict one-to-one correspondence between the names and years in the text and those on the list. The list of references should appear at the end of the main text (after any appendices). It should be 1.5 times spaced and listed in alphabetical order by author's name or as by the order of appearance in main text. (13) References should appear as follows:For monographs:Hawawini, G., Swary, I., 1990. Mergers and Acquisitions in the U.S. Banking Industry: Evidence from the Capital Markets. North-Holland, Amsterdam. For contributions to collective works:Brunner, K., Meltzer, A.H., 1990. Money supply, in: Friedman, B.M., Hahn, F.H.(Eds.), Handbook of Monetary Economics, V ol. 1. North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp.357--396.For periodicals:Griffiths, W., Judge, G., 1992. Testing and estimating location vectors when the error covariance matrix is unknown. Journal of Econometrics 54, pp. 121--138. Chinese names may be listed in the references with the surname first, asfollows:Liu Y.H., Chew S.B., and Li W.Z., Education, experience and productivity of labor in China's township and village enterprises: The case of Jiangsu province, China Economic Review 9, pp. 47-58.Note that journal titles should not be abbreviated.Citing and listing of Web references:National electronic Library for Health, 2003, Can walking make you slimmer and healthier?, .hth.walking, accessed 1 April 20084. Order of BindingThesis should be bound on the left-hand side. The order of bindingshould be: cover, inner-cover, Statement of Originality, Abstract and KeyWords, Contents, main text, Acknowledgements, Appendix, References,and thesis evaluation form.5. Process of Writing Thesis(1) The graduating student submits a topic, a topic report form (alongwith the electronic file of this form) to the class monitor. The classmonitor then presents the reports to the department office. Thedepartment office designates supervisors to each student.(2) The graduating student writes a one-page outline for the thesis. Theoutline should be written after conducting extensive reading and discussing with supervisor. The following points should be clearly stated in the outline: the purpose of thesis, theories and current research related to the topic, the needed data/information, the intended research/analysis method, and conclusion intended to reach. The outline should be implemented after discussion with supervisor.(3) The student writes the first draft and discusses with supervisor.(4) The graduating student rewrites the thesis and discusses with supervisor frequently until the final draft is finished.(5) The student should fill out a “Statement of Originality” and hand it in along with final draft of thesis (in three printed copies and one electronic copy). The supervisor fills out a “Thesis Evaluation Form” at the same time.6. Jinan University Evaluation Criteria for Graduation Design/Thesis by Undergraduate Students7. Grading Guidelines8. Calculation of Final ScoresFinal Marks of Thesis = Supervisor’s Mark s (20%) + Evaluator’s Mark s (40%) + Defense Performance (40%)9. The Defense MeetingThe supervisor of each thesis should first write an evaluation upon completion of the final draft, including recommendation to participate the defense section. Each department should also designate an evaluator of the thesis to write a second evaluation, also present recommendation regarding the participation of defense meeting.During the defense meeting, each participant should spend 10 minutes explaining the main findings of the thesis and spend 5 minutes on answering questions from the judges.10. Time Table to Complete Graduation Thesis (See Specific Major for Details)MajorIntended Time of Graduation。