定语从句常见错误例析
定语从句常见错误种种
定语从句常见错误种种定语从句是一种重要的语法句式，也是学习难点和高考热点。
许多学生在处理定语从句时，经常出现如下错误：1.定语从句中谓语动词的单、复数错误①错：The man who live downstairs will help me．对：The msn who lives downstairs will help me．②错：Anyone who break the law will be punished.对：Anyone who breaks the law will be punished．③错：Tom is one of those girls Who likes pop music．对：Tom is one of those girls who like pop music．④错：She is the only one of the girls who were late for the meeting．对：She is the only one of the girls who was later for the meeting．析：定语从句中动词的单复数形式常依先行词的形式而定。
如例①，例②中先行词man，anyone是单数，从句中的动词也相应用单数。
在“one of+复数名词+定语从句”结构中，定语从句中的动词常用复数形式，如例③。
但有时为了强调one，在one前有the或the only等限定词时，定语从句中的动词依one而定，用单数，如例④。
2.定语从句中作主语的关系代词被错误地省去①错：A dictionary is a book gives the meaning of word. 对：A dictionary is a book wich gives the meaning of words. ②错：Those wish to go to the park must be at the gate by 7：50. 对：Those who wish to go to the park must be at the gateby 7：50．析：在定语从句中作主语的关系代词是不可省略的。
定语从句中常见错误例析
定语从句中常见错误例析在使用定语从句过程中,有些学生往往会出现这样或那样的错误.为避免这些错误,现对一些常见错误作以归纳：1 从句中多余宾语[误] The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.[正] The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put into my mouth.上例中,关系代词that或which在定语从句中作宾语,可省去,因此,从句中宾语it多余.2 从句中缺少主语[误] He is the professor gave us a speech yesterday.[正] He is the professor who gave us a speech yesterday.关系代词who 或that在定语从句中做主语不能省略,否则,句子结构不完整.3 从句中主谓不一致[误]I, who is your friend, will try my best to help you.[正]I, who am your friend, will try my best to help you.定语从句中,关系代词做主语时,应注意主谓一致,也就是说,根据先行词的人称和数来确定从句中谓语动词的形式.如：-I just spoke to the doctor who is an eye specialist.He was the only one of youngest girls who plays in the band.4搭配错误[误]Don’t talk about such thin gs that you do not understand.[正]Don’t talk about such things as you do not understand.在such…as结构中,as所引导的中定语从句时,不能用其它关系代词代替,但在the same…as结构中,如属同类则用as,如: 如Y ou’ve made the same mistake as I did ,not changed ,not another or others作之意时,则需用that，如Y ou’ve made t he same mistake that you made last time。
定语从句中常见错误例析
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常见病句类型定语从句结构错误的问题及修改方法
常见病句类型定语从句结构错误的问题及修改方法常见病句类型：定语从句结构错误的问题及修改方法定语从句是英语语法中常见的句子结构，用于修饰名词或代词。
然而，很多学习者在使用定语从句时常常出现结构错误的问题。
本文将探讨常见的定语从句结构错误类型，并提供相应的修改方法，以帮助学习者有效地避免这些问题。
一、缺少关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中，关系代词"that, who, whom, which"和关系副词"where, when, why"起着连接前后两个句子的作用。
然而，很多学习者在书写过程中会忘记添加这些关系词，导致句子结构错误。
错误示例1：“I met a girl is from China.”错误示例2：“The book I bought was very interesting.”修改方法：加上适当的关系代词或关系副词。
正确示例1：“I met a girl who is from China.”正确示例2：“The book that I bought was very interesting.”二、使用错误的关系代词或关系副词关系代词和关系副词在引导定语从句时需要根据引导词在从句中所起的作用来选择适当的形式。
然而，一些学习者常常混淆关系词的用法，导致句子结构错误。
错误示例1：“The person which helped me was very kind.”错误示例2：“I visited the city where the Great Wall was built it.”修改方法：根据引导词在从句中所起的作用来选择适当的关系代词或关系副词。
正确示例1：“The person who helped me was very kind.”正确示例2：“I visited the city where the Great Wall was built.”三、缺乏主谓一致性定语从句的谓语动词应该和先行词所指代的名词或代词在人称和数方面保持一致。
定语从句常见错误分析(精选)
定语从句常见错误分析英语定语从句是学生学习英语较难掌握的一个语法。
为了帮助学生正确使用定语从句，本文就学生的常见错误进行了归纳和分析。
I.句子结构错误。
1.昨天王老师上了一节非常生动而有趣的课。
误：Yesterday Mr Wang taught the lesson was very lively andinteresting.正：The lesson Mr Wang taught yesterday was very lively andinteresting.分析：错句完全是按照汉语的顺序翻译。
分析一下句子，“课”在句子中作主语，而“昨天王老师教的”是用作“课”的定语，所以应该用定语从句来表达。
2.你上个月从图书馆借的那本书还了吗？误：Have you returned me the book you borrowed it from thelibrary last month?正：Have you returned the book you borrowed from the libraylast month?分析：错句的定语从句中多了宾语it，关系代词which或that在从句中作宾语可以省略，所以不能再用it作borrowed的宾语。
3.我永远也不会忘记我在那儿生活了八年的村庄。
误：I'll never forget the village where I once worked therefor eight years.正：I'll never forget the village where I once worked foreight years.分析：关系副词既引导定语从句，又在从句中作地点状语，因此不能再用表示地点状语的副词there。
II.介词错误1.你们住的那个房间太小了。
误：The room which you are living is too small.正：The room in which you are living is too small.或 The room which you are livng in is too small.分析：关系代词在定语从句中作接物动词的宾语或介词宾语。
例析定语从句十大易错点
例析定语从句十大易错点例析定语从句十大易错点定语从句是中学英语教学中的一个重要语法项目，也是历届高考的热点所在。
笔者现将定语从句易出错的地方归纳为以下几点，希望对大家有所帮助。
易错点一：关系代词和关系副词的混用例1. I’ll never forget the days when I spent in New York with you.例2. I’ll never forget the days which I visited New York with you.析：例 1 中的 when 应改为 which 或 that ；例 2 中的 which 应改为when .区分关系代词和关系副词的关键是看它们在定语从句中所充当的成分。
如果定语从句中缺少主语、宾语，就应考虑使用关系代词，如例1 ；若定语从句中缺少状语，就应考虑使用关系副词，如例2 .易错点二：固定句式出差错例 3. Mary is so lovely a girl as everybody loves her.例 4. Mary is so lovely a girl that everybody loves.析：例 3 中的 as 应改为 that ；例 4 中的 that 应改为as . so…as 或so…that 为固定句式，前者为 as 引导的定语从句， as 在定语从句中作宾语或主语，如例 4 ；后者为 that 引导的结果状语从句，该从句的成分是完整的，不缺少主语或宾语，如例3 .类似的固定句式还有the same… as （that），such…as ，as…as 等。
易错点三：主谓不一致例 5. Tom is one of the students who likes swimming.例 6. Tom is the only one of the students who like swimming.析：例 5 中的 likes 应改为 like ；例 6 中的 like 应改为 likes .在“ one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句”结构中，定语从句的先行词是复数名词，故谓语动词要用复数形式，如例 5 ；在“ the（only） oneof + 复数名词 + 定语从句”结构中，先行词是 one ，而不是复数名词，故谓语动词要用单数形式，如例 6 .易错点四：与强调句型及其他句型的混合例 7. Was it in the shop that you bought the recorder that you lost your pen？例8. You’d better make a mark at where you have any questions.析：例 7 中第一个 that 应改为 where ；例 8 中应去掉 at .例 7 为带有定语从句的强调句， you bought the recorder 为定语从句，其引导词应用 where ，后面第二个 that 才是强调句中的 that ，此句可还原为： You lost your pen in the shop where you bought the recorder .例 8 为 where 引导的地点状语从句。
定语从句典型错误例析
定语从句典型错误例析1.【误】The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.【正】The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put into my mouth.【析】上句应由关系代词that或which在定语从句中作宾语，已省去。
因此，从句中的宾语it多余。
又如：【误】Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland,where he was buried there in 1977 【正】Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland,where he was buried in 1977.2.【误】I,who is a Chinese,will do my best for our country.【正】I,who am a Chinese,will do my best for our country.【析】定语从句中谓语动词的形式应依据先行词的人称和数来确定，保持主谓一致。
如：①Mike is one of the students who know the truth.(先行词为students)②Mike is the only one of the students who knows the truth.(先行词为the only one)3.【误】All what you have done is not necessary.【误】All which you have done is not necessary.【正】All that you have done is not necessary.【析】what不能引导定语从句。
高考英语 使用定语从句式易犯的错误素材
使用定语从句易犯的错误由于定语从句的结构和用法比较复杂，使用时很容易犯一些错误，做常见的有以下几种：1．省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词。
如：(1) 误：The man called today left this message for you .正：The man who(that)called today left this message for you .译：今天打的那个人给你留下了信息。
分析：定语从句中作主语的关系代词who或that不能省略。
(2) 误：The key opens the room is missing.正：The key which (that) opens the room is missing.译：打开这件房门的钥匙不见了。
分析：定语从句中作主语的关系代词which或that不能省略。
2．定语从句中丢掉了谓语动词后的介词。
如：〔1〕误：The man (whom) he spoke made no answer.正：The man (whom) he spoke to made no answer.译：他谈话的那个人没有作出回答。
分析：句中spoke后应加上to，与某人谈话要用speak to somebody。
〔2〕误：The child she took care yesterday is her nephew.正：The child she took care of yesterday is her nephew.译：昨天她照顾的孩子是她的外甥。
分析：take care of是固定短语“照顾〞的意思。
3．定语从句中谓语动词的单、复数或时态弄错。
如：〔1〕误：This is one of the rivers in China which flows northward.正：This is one of the rivers in China which flow northward.译：这是中国向北流的河流之一。
定语从句常见错误分析(精选)
定语从句常见错误分析英语定语从句是学生学习英语较难掌握的一个语法。
为了帮助学生正确使用定语从句，本文就学生的常见错误进行了归纳和分析。
I.句子结构错误。
1.昨天王老师上了一节非常生动而有趣的课。
误：Yesterday Mr Wang taught the lesson was very lively andinteresting.正：The lesson Mr Wang taught yesterday was very lively andinteresting.分析：错句完全是按照汉语的顺序翻译。
分析一下句子，“课”在句子中作主语，而“昨天王老师教的”是用作“课”的定语，所以应该用定语从句来表达。
2.你上个月从图书馆借的那本书还了吗？误：Have you returned me the book you borrowed it from thelibrary last month?正：Have you returned the book you borrowed from the libraylast month?分析：错句的定语从句中多了宾语it，关系代词which或that在从句中作宾语可以省略，所以不能再用it作borrowed的宾语。
3.我永远也不会忘记我在那儿生活了八年的村庄。
误：I'll never forget the village where I once worked therefor eight years.正：I'll never forget the village where I once worked foreight years.分析：关系副词既引导定语从句，又在从句中作地点状语，因此不能再用表示地点状语的副词there。
II.介词错误1.你们住的那个房间太小了。
误：The room which you are living is too small.正：The room in which you are living is too small.或 The room which you are livng in is too small.分析：关系代词在定语从句中作接物动词的宾语或介词宾语。
定语从句常见错误总结
定语从句常见错误总结定语从句常见错误总结一、在定语从句中加了多余的定语。
如：1.误：Some of the boys I invited them didn’t come.正：Some of the boys I invited didn’t come.译：我邀请的男孩中有几个没有来。
析：应删去them，因为从句的宾语是省略了的whom，who或that。
?2.误：The book that you need it is in the library.正：The book that you need is in the library.译：你需要的书在图书馆里。
析：应删去it，因为从句的'宾语是关系代词that。
二、把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。
如：1.误：Anyone who break the law will be punished.正：Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.译：任何违犯法律的人将被处罚。
析：应改break为breaks，因为who指anyone，是单数。
?2.误：Those who has finished may go home.正：Those who have finished may go home.译：做完了的人现在可以回家。
析：应改has为have，因为who指those，是复数。
?3.误：He is the only one of the teachers who know French in our school.正：He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.译：他是我们学校中唯一懂法语的人。
析：应改know为knows，因为one前有the only之类限定词，定语从句在意义上修饰的是the only one，是单数，而不是复数名词the teachers。
易错点11 定语从句(4大陷阱)-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题(解析版)
易错点11定语从句目录01易错陷阱（4大陷阱）02举一反三【易错点提醒一】关系代词和关系副词易混易错点【易错点提醒而】that与which易混易错点【易错点提醒三】介词+关系词易混易错点【易错点提醒四】whose易混易错点03易错题通关易错陷阱1：关系代词和关系副词易混易错点。
【分析】关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的形式要与先行词保持一致。
关系副词代替表示时间、地点、原因的先行词，并在定语从句中作时间、地点和原因状语。
易错陷阱2：that与which易混易错点。
【分析】易错陷阱3：介词+关系词易混易错点。
【分析】1.介词的选择需要根据动词、形容词、介词短语的搭配或者句中所表达的逻辑意思而决定。
2.先行词指人时，关系代词用whom;先行词指物时，关系代词用which；且不可省略。
易错陷阱4：whose易混易错点。
【分析】whose既可以指人，也可以指物，在从句中作定语，修饰名词。
whose+n.=the+n.+of which/whom易错陷阱5：that引导定语从句与同位语从句易混易错点。
【分析】that在定语从句中担任成分，在同位语从句中不做成分。
【易错点提醒一】关系代词和关系副词易混易错点【例1】（2024届浙江省强基联盟高三仿真模拟卷）There is a saying among the archaeological circles in China_________goes,“A page from a book of the Song Dynasty is worth a tael of gold”.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。
句意：中国考古界有一句俗语，“一页宋版，一两黄金”，指的是这些古籍的重要性和很高的价值。
分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词saying，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。
定语从句常见错误
定语从句常见错误1. She used to help my brother, who was very kind of her.【改】将who改为which。
【析】犯这类错误的主要原因是把mybrother错当成了先行词。
关系代词which指代的先行词是整个主句，它引导非限定性定语从句。
2. Do you still remember the day when we spent together in China last year?【改】将when改为that / which或将when删除。
【析】犯这类错误的主要原因是没有弄清关系代词与关系副词的用法区别。
不能因为先行词表示时间就一定用关系副词when, 而要学会准确把握句子的结构，正确分析句子的成分。
例句中定语从句要用关系代词引导，并在定语从句中作spent的宾语。
3. The way which you look at problems is wrong.【改】在which前加in或者将which改为that，也可将which删除。
【析】当先行词是the way时，定语从句常用that / in which引导，that / in which也可省略。
4. We were interested in the things and people whom we saw during the trip.【改】将whom改为that。
【析】当先行词既有人又有物时，定语从句用关系代词that引导，that作宾语时可省略。
5. It was in the kitchen where the fire broke out.【改】将where改为that。
【析】犯这类错误的主要原因是把强调句型与定语从句混为一谈了。
例句为强调句型，强调的是地点状语in the kitchen。
6. Is this factory that you have been working in since your graduation?【改】在that前加the one。
易混易错定语从句10例
易混易错定语从句10例关于定语从句，对于一些英语研究者来说，可能会有很多混淆和错误。
下面让我们来看看一些关于定语从句混淆和错误的例子。
第一，定语从句不能用简单的连词“and”连接，而应使用“that”或“which”：错：The professor and teaches us English is from England.正：The professor that teaches us English is from England.第二，定语从句应使用定冠词“the”：错：This is a book, has a lot of pictures.正：This is the book that has a lot of pictures.第三，定语从句应使用主语从句：错：The girl, she is very friendly.正：The girl who is very friendly.第四，定语从句不能使用“who”：错：The people who live in this city are friendly.正：The people that live in this city are friendly.第五，定语从句应使用形容词从句：错：The house, it is very big.正：The house which is very big.第六，定语从句不能使用“that”：错：This is the man that works in the bank.正：This is the man who works in the bank.第七，定语从句不能使用“which”：错：This is the girl which is my friend.正：This is the girl who is my friend.第八，定语从句应使用宾语从句：错：She told me that I should study harder.正：She told me that I should study harder.第九，定语从句不能使用“where”：错：This is the place where I live.正：This is the place that I live.第十，定语从句应使用时间从句：错：This is the day, it is my birthday.正：This is the day when it is my birthday.以上是一些关于定语从句混淆和错误的例子。
初中英语中的定语从句常见错误排查
初中英语中的定语从句常见错误排查定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它在句子中起到修饰名词或代词的作用。
然而，在初中英语学习中，定语从句常常成为学生容易出错的地方。
本文将从常见错误的角度出发，探讨初中英语中的定语从句问题，并提供一些排查错误的方法。
1. 关系代词的选择错误在定语从句中，关系代词起着连接主句和从句的作用。
常见的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which和that。
然而，学生们常常在选择关系代词时出现错误。
例如，有的学生会误用“which”来代替人，如：“The boy which is standing over there is my friend.”正确的用法应该是：“The boy who is standing over there is my friend.”另外，有的学生会误用“that”来代替物，如：“The book that I bought it yesterday is very interesting.”正确的用法应该是：“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.”为了避免这类错误，学生们可以多进行语法练习，熟悉关系代词的用法。
同时，在写作和口语练习中，要注意选择正确的关系代词。
2. 关系代词的省略错误在定语从句中，有时可以省略关系代词。
然而，学生们常常在省略关系代词时出现错误。
例如，有的学生会误省略关系代词，如：“The girl I met is very kind.”这句话中，应该加上关系代词“whom”，即：“The girl whom I met is very kind.”为了避免这类错误，学生们可以多进行语法练习，熟悉关系代词的省略规则。
同时，在写作和口语练习中，要注意省略关系代词的正确使用。
3. 定语从句位置错误定语从句可以放在句子的不同位置，但是学生们常常在定语从句的位置上出现错误。
定语从句典型错误例析
定语从句典型错误例析1. 我给他看了我上周在杭州的照片。
【误】I showed him the photos I took them in Hangzhou last week.【正】I showed him the photos I took in Hangzhou last week.【析】关系代词或关系副词既代替先行词，又在定语从句中充当一定的成分。
例句为省略了关系代词（that/which）的定语从句，that/which指代thephotos，在定语从句中充当took的宾语，故them多余，应去掉。
2. 那个正在修理汽车的人是我的叔叔。
【误】The man is mending the car is my uncle.【正】The man who/that is mending the car is my uncle.【析】关系代词在定语从句中充当主语时不可省略，只有作宾语时才能省略that。
本句还可以译为The man mending the car is my uncle.（-ing形式短语mending the car作the man的后置定语。
）3. 这只风筝是你父亲昨天为你扎的吗？【误】Is this kite your father made for you yesterday?【正】Is this kite the one (that) your father made for you yesterday?【析】若把this看作kite的修饰语，短语this kite为主句的主语，这时我们可以看出主句中缺少表语，即定语从句的先行词，所以应该加上代词theone。
如果我们把this看作代词，作句子的主语，那么kite应该为句子的表语，则可以看出先行词kite前缺少定冠词the。
故本句还可改为：Is thisthe kite (that/which) your father made for you yesterday?4. 她告诉我的就这些。
定语从句十大典型错误例析
定语从句十大典型错误例析[错例展示]1. I am sorry I have lost the book you lent it to me last week.2. Mary is the only one of us who have been to the Great Wall.3. Is this museum that you paid a visit to a few days ago?4. Please show me the book which cover is red.5. Don’t worry. I will do all what I can to help you out.6. It is known to us all, China has the largest population in the world.7. I will never forget the day when we spent together in No. 1 Middle School.8. My glasses, without them I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.9. The weather turned out to be very good, that was more than we had expected.10. It was in this factory where my father had worked for more than 20 years.[指点迷津]1. 去掉it。
定语从句you lent to me last week前省略了关系代词that / which, that / which在定语从句中充当宾语，it与关系代词重复，应去掉。
2. have → has。
关系代词作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词要与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。
定语从句常见错误例析
一 . 误用关系词1. I'll never forget the days when we spent together on the farm.2. This is the factory where he was invited to visit last month.分析：定语从句的先行词是表示时间或地点的名词或代词时，引导定语从句的关系词不一定都是when 或where 。
关系词的选择主要取决于定语从句中的谓语动词。
如果从句的谓语动词是及物动词而且其后没有宾语，就用关系代词that 或which 作宾语。
如果从句的谓语动词是不及物动词或者是后面已经有了宾语的及物动词，就用关系副词。
在句 1 和句 2 中，从句谓语动词spent 和visit 都是及物动词，而且后面又没有宾语，所以应分别将when 和where 改为that 或which 。
二 . 宾语重复1. As we all know it, the earth is round.2. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see it carried out the next month.分析：如果关系代词在从句中作宾语，则谓语动词后面就不能再有宾语。
在句1 中，关系代词as 作从句谓语动词know 的宾语，因此，it 就是多余的，应去掉。
在句 2 中，关系代词that 在从句中作动词see 的宾语，因此it 也是多余的，应去掉。
三 . 缺少先行词或关系词1. Is this park where his father works?2. I went to the village they grew up.分析：定语从句前面必须有先行词和关系词。
在句1 中，关系副词where 前缺少先行词，所以应在where 前面加上先行词the one （代表this park ）。
常见病句类型定语从句错误的句子
常见病句类型定语从句错误的句子定语从句是英语语法中常见的一种从句类型，它用来修饰名词或代词。
然而，由于定语从句结构稍复杂，常常容易出现错误。
本文将讨论常见的定语从句错误类型，并给出相应的纠正方法。
一、定语从句位置错误1. 错误：The book I borrowed it from the library.正确：The book I borrowed from the library.在定语从句中，关系代词“that/which/who”在句中作为主语时，不需要再使用人称代词“it”。
2. 错误：I have a friend is a doctor.正确：I have a friend who is a doctor.定语从句必须用关系代词引导，来连接主句和从句，同时在从句中充当句子成分。
二、关系词选择错误1. 错误：The car which I bought it is red.正确：The car which I bought is red.关系代词“which”在定语从句中作为主语，不需要再使用人称代词“it”。
2. 错误：The girl who she is my sister is studying abroad.正确：The girl who is my sister is studying abroad.关系代词“who”在定语从句中作为主语时，不需要再使用人称代词“she”。
三、定语从句引导词省略错误1. 错误：I have a dog barks loudly.正确：I have a dog that barks loudly.省略了关系代词“that”导致定语从句缺少引导词，需要补充。
2. 错误：This is the house I grew up.正确：This is the house (that/which) I grew up in.省略了关系代词“that/which”导致定语从句缺少引导词，需要补充。
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定语从句专项报告---定语从句常见错误例析青岛六中周汝宁【热点综述】定语从句是高中英语新教材中一个非常重要的语法项目,亦是一个难点, 同时也是近几年高考英语单项填空题考查的热点。
由于其用法及内容繁杂,还牵涉到动词时态、主谓一致、不定代词等项目,在使用中往往犯这样或那样的错误,以至在考试中造成失分现象。
为澄清对定语从句的理解上所存在的误区, 避免由于判断上的失误而造成的失分现象,现对在使用定语从句时常犯的错误进行归纳和总结。
1. 省去作主语的关系代词(1 【误】 The changes have happened in the past few years make the city look even more beautiful.【正】 The changes that have happened in the past few years make the city look even more beautiful.(2 【误】 Those want to visit the art exhibition sign your names, please. 【正】Those who want to visit the art exhibition sign your names, please.【析】关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省去,而作主语却不可省去。
又如:Most of the people who were invited to the conference were famous scientists from Africa.(who不能省略2.从句中使用冗余的人称代词或副词(1 The compositions we handed th em in t wo weeks ago haven’t been marked yet.【析】从句中省去了作宾语的关系代词 that/which,故 them 为多余的,应去掉。
(2 After living in Paris for 50 years, he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child there.【析】关系副词 where 在从句中作地点状语,使用 there 属语义重复,故去掉。
3. as 与 it, which混用(1【误】 It has been mentioned above, the number of senior high school students is increasing.【正】 As has been mentioned above, the number of senior high school students is increasing.【析】 as 引导的非限定性定语从句置于句首,对整个主句起说明作用。
(2【误】 As is known to all that smoking does great harm to health.【正】 It is known to all that smoking does great harm to health.或 As is known to all, smoking does great harm to health.【析】 As 引导非限定性定语从句,若置于句首,要用逗号与主句隔开; it 放在句子开头,作形式主语,将从句置于句子后边,中间无逗号。
(3【误】 Tom drinks a lot every day, as his wif e doesn’t like at all.【正】Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.【析】用 as/which引导非限定性定语从句的区别在于:as 从句既可放在主句后, 也可置于句首, 而 which 从句只能放在主句后面:当主句与从句语义一致时,通常用as ;反之则用 which 。
也就是说,定语从句如果表否定意义,往往用 which 引导。
4.从句中误用人称代词或物主代词。
(1【误】 China has hundreds of islands, the largest of them is Taiwan.【正】 China has hundreds of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan. 或 China has hundreds of islands, and the largest of them is Taiwan.(2 【误】 He has two sons, both of whom are technicians.【正】 He has two sons, both of them are technicians.He has two sons, and both of them are technicians.【析】在定语从句中要用关系代词和关系副词,不能用人称代词和副词。
人称代词和副词只能用在独立的单句或分句中。
(3 【误】 The boss in his department Ms.King worked looked down upon women.【正】 The boss in whose department Ms.King worked looked down upon women.【析】从句中用 whose 作定语,修饰名词。
又如:Have you seen the film “Titanic”, whose leading actors are world-famous? 5.关系代词与关系副词混用。
(1【误】 What I miss badly are those happy hours when I spent together with them.【正】 What I miss badly are those happy hours (that/which I spent together with them.(2 【误】 I live in Hong Kong, where is the Special Administrative Zone. 【正】 I live in Hong Kong, which is the Special Administrative Zone. (3【误】 Is this museum the one where some German friends visited the other day?【正】 Is this museum the one that/which some German friends visited the other day?【析】关系代词在定语从句中作主语、表语和定语等; 而关系副词在从句中作状语。
6.误用 v-ing 结构替换定语从句。
(1【误】 The girl bringing milk here every morning is from a mountain village. 【正】 The girl who brings milk here every morning is from a mountain village.(2 【误】 The scholars returning from abroad recently were awarded by the local government.【正】 The scholars who had returned from abroad recently were awarded by the local government.【析】下列两种情况定语从句不宜用 v-ing 替换:定语从句谓语动词的动作先于主句谓语动词的动作。
7. that 与 which 的混用(1【误】 The weather turned out to be very good, that was more than we expected.【正】 The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we expected.(2【误】 The stories about the Second World War were well written, of that this is one example.【正】 The stories about the Second World War were well written, of which this is one example.【析】 that 和 which 各有使用的情况,两者不能混淆。
在非限制性从句及介词后要使用 which 。
下列情况须用 that :①先行词为something/anything/everything/nothing/all/much/little等。
②先行词被形容词最高级、序数词修饰时。
③先行词被 all/the very/the only 等修饰时。
④先行词既有人,又有物时。
如:(1T he thief finally handed everything that he had stolen to the police.(2A ll that can be done must be done well.(3T he Origin of Species was one of the most important books that were published during the 18th century.(4I n class our teacher told us about the famous writer and his masterpieces that were unknown to us all.(5A h, here is the very thing that I am after.8.数的误用(1【误】 I, who is your close friend, will certainly help you when in trouble. 【正】 I, who am your close friend, will certainly help you when in trouble. 【析】定语从句谓语动词的人称和数应与先行词保持一致,因此应把 is 改为 am 。