2017~2019年上海高考英语真题汇编—概要写作
上海市高考概要写作9篇(有答案)
01 - Sales StrategiesHow can a company improve its sales? One of the keys to more effective selling is for a company to first decide on its “sales strategy”. In other words, what is the role of the salespe the salesperson’s job narrative, suggestive, or consultive?The “narrative” sales strategy depends on the salesperson moving quickly into a standard sales presentation. His or her pitch highlights the benefit for the customer of a particular product orservice. This approach is most effective for customers whose buying motives are basically the sameand is also well suited to companies who have a large number of prospects on which to call.The “suggestive” approach is tailored more for the individual customer. The salesperson mustbe in a position to offer alternative recommendations that meet a particular customer’s n key aspect of the suggestive approach is the need for the salesperson to engage the buyer in somesort of discussion. The salesperson can then use the information from the customer to suggest an appropriate product or service.The final strategy demands that a company’s sales staff act as “consultants” for this role, the salesperson must acquire a great deal of information about the customer. They do thisthrough market research, surveys, and face-to-face discussions. Using this information, the salesperson makes a detailed presentation tailored specifically to a consumers needs.More and more sales teams are switching from a narrative or a suggestive approach to a more consultative strategy. As a result, corporations are looking more at intangibles (无形资产) such ascreativity and analytical skills and less at educational background and technical skills.Sales strategies are classified as narrative, suggestive and consultive. Salespeople use thenarrative strategy to promote products with standard presentations. The suggestive approachrequires the salesperson to recommend a suitable product after talking with customers. Theconsultive strategy demands that salespeople acquire information about customers and act astheir “consultants”. Nowadays more and more sales teams prefer the consultive approach. (60 words)02 - When You Hear the Final WhistleOne of the hardest things for any sportsperson to do is to know when to retire. But even harderis finding the answer to the question “What am I going to do with the rest of my life?Some sportspeople go on playing too long. Perhaps they just can’t stand life without the of playing professional sport. Michael Jordan, the greatest basketball player of all time retired threetimes. He retired once from the Chicago Bulls, made a successful comeback with the Bulls, thenretired again. His second comeback with an inferior team ended in failure and he retired for ever atthe age of 38. Jordan said, “There will never be anything I do that will fulfill me as much as competing did.”Others can’t resist the chance of one last “pay day”. Muhammad Ali needed the mone comeback fight, at the age of 39, against Trevor Berbick, was one of the saddest s pectacles inmodem sport. After losing to Berbick, Ali retired permanently. Three years later he developed Parkinson’s disease.For some people, the pain of retirement never leaves them. As Jimmy Greaves, an ex- England international footballer said, u I think that a lot of players would prefer to be shot once their careeris over. J, Many of them spend their retirement in a continual battle against depression, alcohol, ordrugs.But for the lucky few, retirement can mean a successful new career. Franz Beckenbauer is aclassical example of a footballer who won everything with his club, Bayern Munich. After retiringhe became a successful coach with Bayern and finally president of the club. John McEnroe, theof tennis, is now a highly respected a nd highly paid TV commentator. Butinfamous “bad boy” sadly, for most sportspeople these cases are the exceptions.For one thing, sportspeople find it hard to decide when to retire. Some don’t want towithout playing professional sport while others just needretire because they can’t stand livingmoney. For another, sportspeople find it harder to decide what to do after retirement. Somesuffer from the pain of retirement while the lucky few take up a new career. (60 words)03 - IKEASince it opened its first store in 1943 , IKEA has become one of the biggest furniture empiresin the world. The company has made people think differently about the way they furnish theirhomes, particularly in countries like Germany, the UK and France. Over 365 million people worldwide spend more than ￡8 billion in IKEA stores each year and the number of customerskeeps rising. The best-selling products are bookshelves, sofas, candles, chairs and coat hangers, but perhaps IKEA is most famous for its flatpack furniture.Flatpack furniture was invented by chance in 1956 by a man called Gillis Lundgren. He livedin a Swedish town called Almhult and worked for a small furniture company. One day Lundgrenfit in his car. “Let’s pull off the legs needed to deliver a table to a customer, but the table wouldn’ｔand that was the moment flatpack furniture was bom.and put them underneath,” said Lundgren —From that simple beginning, the small furniture company became IKEA and Lundgren became oneof its top designers.The secret of IKEA’s success is not just the design, it’s also the price. Flatpacks don much space, so IKEA can send furniture round the world vey cheaply. Also the stores donlots of salespeople t o help you find or carry things; it seems people don’t mind doing that forthey themselves. And most importantly, IKEA doesn’t pay anyone to put the furniture togetherlet the customers do that. Apparently, people would rather pay less and build the furniture themselves.IKEA is a big furniture chain store, well known for its flatpack furniture, which wasinvented by Gillis Lundgren when he managed to put a table into a car. IKEA’s success the design and the price. IKEA can deliver flatpacks round the world cheaply. Customerswould rather pay less and put the furniture together themselves. (57 words)4 - Refusing to Be ModernizedAn elderly couple are going to exchange candles for light bulbs after 37 years withoutelectricity at their Suffolk home. Pat Payne, 74, and his wife Margaret, 72, brought up their largefamily in their farmhouse in Whepstead, near Bury St Edmunds, without any modem appliances.Their children left home years ago but now one of them has moved back and is paying￡ 19,000 to have electricity put in the 200-year-old house next month. Mrs. Payne said that she waslooking forward to “ being modernized “ but does not feel that she has missed much by not havin electricity.“It would have been nice to have been able to do the ironing or to have vacuum cleaner insteadof having to sweep the floor, but we got by,” she said. “I think our children are more excited us getting electricity than we are.”The couple have mostly lived off the land. Mr. Payne, a former farm labourer, grows vegetables in the garden. Without a fridge or freezer in the three-bedroom house, milk is deliveredevery other day and fresh meat is bought as needed. Water comes from a well.Mrs. Payne used to wash clothes by hand, and with nine children that was a lot of clothes, butshe believes that not having electricity may have been a good thing for her children while they weregrowing up.“Instead of watching television, they played together and used to make up games orread books,” she said.r been seriously ill and we The life also suited her and her husband. “ Neither of us has eveMrs. Payne said. “With o ur fresh vegetables and not having centralrarely get a cough or cold,” heating it’s been a very healthy way to live.”The Paynes have lived in their farmhouse without electricity for 37 years but they do n’tgrowing up and theirregret it. They think living in this way does good to their children’shealth. Now they are going to have electricity put in their house and will make use of modernalliances. (51 words)5 - Designer Brands Aren’t for Me!Although I follow fashion, I hate the phrase “must-have”. If I read that Ugg boots or Prada-haves”, my immediate reaction is to think, “Why must I have the sunglasses are the latest “mustintended to increase hisWhy should I fall for the designer’s manipulative tactics, which are onlybank balance at the expense of mine?Designer brands, in general, are for people who are too insecure to trust their own tastes. These. Ipeople decide that everything at Prada must be “cool”, so if you shop there, you canfind it much more satisfying to pop into one of the cheap chain stores on the High Street and buy acopy of designer’s clothes for a tenth of the price. OK, you have to use your skill to find the one garment in there that looks great. But it’s worth it! It’s like finding a piece of gold in a ri find gives you immense satisfaction.Which is why, according to a survey done by a British bank, young people with money are abandoning the designer shops and buying their clothes in chain stores, second-hand shops, and in markets. This is the best news I’ve heard all week. It means that young people have the confidenc to trust their judgment. They are prepared to take risks to look individual and not mass-produced.That has always been my shopping philosophy. The surprisingly high prices in designer shopsleave me open-mouthed. Even if I had the money, I would think of all the other things I could spendit on!The writer thinks there is no need to buy those “must-haves” and that designer brandsare intend ed for those who aren’t sure of their tastes. He prefers to do shopping in a cheapchain store. Besides, a survey reports that rich young people are switching to cheaper placesto do shopping, thus looking individual. (54 words)6 - A Lesson Goes ViralAt the end of 2014, Tulsa, Oklahoma, sixth-grade teacher Melissa Bour received a friendrequest on Facebook from one of her students. She didn’t accept the request, but a quick browher classroom. Many of thethrough the girl’s friends list revealed the names of dozens of kids fromstudents’ Facebook pages were completely public, meaning even strangers could search through the kids’ personal photos and messages.“I saw middle fingers, students dressed i nappropriately, and extremely offensive language,” Meli ssa says. “It was disturbing.” When she brought up her discovery in class, the students thoug it was nothing. So she created a post of her own.：My With a bright green Sharpie, she wrote on a piece of paper in all caps, “Dear Face 12-year-old students think it is ‘no big deal’ that they are posting pictures of themselves ... Please help me show them how quickly their images can get around.” She put a picture of the letter on Facebook page and asked people to share it.In hours, it was shared 108 ,000 times across dozens of states and four countries. She deleted iton the Internetafter eight hours, but it continued to spread. “I w anted to show them that it’sforever,” she says.“eyes got bigger and As she explained the results of her experiment in class, the students’ bigger,” she says. “It scared a few of them into deleting their pages completely,”have removed inappropriate posts and used privacy settings to manage their pages.t to push them to be mindful of what Her intention wasn’t to scare them off social media buthey post. Melissa says, “I tell them, ‘just because everyone else is sharing doesn’to.’”At the end of 2014, Melissa Bour, a sixth-grade teacher in Tulsa, Oklahoma, found herstudents were using social media improperly. In order to warn them of the danger, she posteda picture with some words on it. It spread quickly and remained online even when deleted.She told the students what she did and her efforts were fruitful. (59 words)7 - Parallel LivesMargaret Richardson and Terry Connelly have almost identical taste in clothes, both have four children of more or less the same age, and both were married on exactly the same day. Not surprising, perhaps, Margaret and Terry are identical twins. What is surpri sing is that they didn’t even meet until they were in their mid-thirties.What happens if, like Terry and Margaret, identical twins are separated at birth and brought upin different families? Will their backgrounds make them completely different, or will their sharedgenes still mean that they have a lot in common? Professor Tom Bouchard from the University of Minnesota, set out to find the answer to this question. He traced more than a hundred pairs of twinswho were adopted by different parents at birth, sixty-four of whom were identical twins. Each twinis then tested and interviewed about every detail of their life and personality.It turned out that Margaret and Terry were not unusual. As well as looking very similar, manytwins had the same IQ, the same health problems, the same hobbies and interests, the same attitudes and even the same tastes. Several pairs of twins arrived at their first meeting in the same clothes,and one pair of middle-aged women were wearing identical jewellery. Others had made the samecareer choices：Jerry and Mark Levy first met in their thirties to discover that they were both firefighters, who drank the same kind of beer and weighed exactly the same.Of course, some of this must be coincidence. But Professor Bouchard has come to a remarkable conclusion. Identical twins brought up separately are more similar than non-identicaltwins brought up together. “I am not saying that upbringing doesn’t matter —it’s very important of course —but this research shows that our genes influence almost every part of our lives：they influence our IQ, our hobbies; our personalities, our political attitudes, our health, even the clothesand food we like.”Margaret Richardson and Terry Connelly are identical twins. Though they were separated at bi rth and didn’t meet until in their mid-thirties, they had a lot in common. Professor Tom Bouchard found through his study that identical twins who grew up separatelyare more like each other than non-identical twins who grew up together and that genes play alarge part. (60 words)8 - They Beat Odds TogetherAFTER A CAR CRASH left 14-year-old Collin Smith unable to walk, doctors told him he hada 20 percent chance of finishing high school. The opportunity to attend college seemed even slimmer. Yet eight years later, Collin earned a bachelor of arts degree in communications fromHigh Point University. Collin had achieved the nearly impossible — with the help of a kind manfive decades his senior.Dial back to 2005. Ernest Greene had just moved to the same area that Collin and his parentslived. The families did not know each other. But when Ernest heard about Collin’s acc fact that his parents would not be able to care full-time for their son, Ernest says, he felt a calling.“The Lord was leading m e to help,” he says. He had time to spare.Ernest approached Collin’s parents with the idea that he look after the boy while they were at work. The Smiths gratefully accepted. Collin, now 23 , says it was hard for him to understand then“how someone I didn’t know would drop everything to help me.”Ernest sought training to care for Collin and then began arriving at the Smiths’weekday mornings. He would help Collin get out of bed, wash, and dress. He would help him havedrive Collin to school. And at 3 p.m., every day, Ernest would drive back to breakfast. Then he’dpick him up. Then, while the two waited for one of Collin’s parents to get home, “w Monopoly,” says Ernest with a laugh.Collin graduated from high school with the rest of his class and was accepted to nearby HighPoint. Ernest accompanied him to every class. “The first year was interesting,” Ernest recalls.Ernest, on the other hand, says he took full advantage of the“Collin d idn’t want to stick out.” opportunity, taking down notes and often commenting in class.Collin Smith lost his ability to walk at 14 after a car accident. When Ernest Greene, 64then, heard about that, he offered to help him. He looked after the boy, sent him to school andpicked him up after school. Thanks to Ernest, Collin graduated from high school and wasadmitted to a nearby college. (56 words)9- What I Think of Boxing as a SportBoxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazinesand sports programmes on TV frequently cover boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot ofmoney, and successful boxers are treated as big heroes.It seems to me that some people, especially men, find it appealing because it is an aggressive sport. When they watch a boxing match, they can identify with the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a winner themselves. It is a fact that many people have feelings of aggression from time to time, but they cannot show their aggression in their everyday lives. Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression.However, there is a negative side to boxing. It can be a very dangerous sport. Although boxers wear gloves during the fights, and amateur boxers even have to wear helmets, there have frequently been accidents in both professional and amateur boxing, sometimes with dramatic consequences. Boxers have suffered from head injuries, and occasionally, fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the ring. Furthermore, studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing, in the form of serious brain damage, even if a boxer has never been knocked out.To conclude, I am personally not at all in favour of aggressive sports like boxing. I think it would be better if less time was given to aggressive sports on TV, and we celebrated more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society. I believe that the world is aggressive enough already! Of course, people like competitive sports, and so do I, but I think that hitting other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.Some people love boxing because it is an aggressive sport, which echoes with the feelingsof aggression they have. But boxing is also a dangerous sport, not only because boxers are very likely to be injured or even killed, but also because there might be potential brain-aggressive sports. (59 damage. Personally, the writer doesn’t like boxing and appeals for nonwords)。
2019年6月上海高考英语试题word精校版Summary Writing(含试题-答案)
2019年6月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It’s undeniable: Being among the first to try out a new piece of technology is cool. There’s the excitement of doing what has never been done before the feeling that you’re living in the future. And when you’re the sole member of your social circle with the latest hot gadget, people stare in fascination. They ask you questions. They see you as the holder of powerful, secret knowledge for a little while, until the next big thing comes along. People tend to underestimate the costs of this temporary coolness, which they pay in more ways than one. Don’t fall into the early adopter trap. Don’t join the first wave of consumers who invest in the latest media-hyped hardware: instead, wait and see.To put it frankly, early adoption is a bad investment. First, the earliest versions of devices are not only expensive, they are also the most expensive that those devices will ever be. Companies are presumably attempting to recover the cost of production as fast as they can, and they know that there are serious tech-lovers who will pay a great deal to be first. Once the revenues from early adopters’ purchases are safely in their hands, they can cut the price and shift to the next marketing phase: selling the product to everyone else. This is why the cost of the original iPhone dropped about U. S. 200 only eight months after its release. Plus, electronics hardly ever become more expensive because intense competition in the industry puts downward pressure on prices over time. Prices of gadgets will fall shortly after release, and they will likely keep falling. Many new TV models drop significantly in price as little as ten days after hitting the market. Further, electronics rapidly depreciate because they become obsolete (废弃的) so quickly. This means that early adopters pay the maximum price for an item that does not hold onto its value. The resale price of a cell phone or laptop can drop by fifty percent within just a few months.Speaking of becoming obsolete, those who are first to leap into a new technology risk wasting money and time on something that will never catch on. Another good reason to resist the early-adoption temptation is that the first version of a product typically has defects that cost a lot in time and frustration. Such problems are so common with new technology that early adopters are basically unpaid beta testers and troubleshooters. Unless this sounds to you like a fun way to spend your time, don’t be among the first users. If you wait to learn what the problems are with a new electronic gadget, you can look forward to a smoother experience or choose a less troublesome product.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 爷爷有点耳背，对他耐心一点。
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作(Summary)
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作澄衷高级中学孙吉从2017年起，上海英语高考试卷的题型将面临许多调整，其中之一便是增加了概要写作（Summary writing），也有许多人将之称为“小作文”。
概要写作分值占据15分，考查的是考生阅读和写作的综合能力。
概要写作所给定的语篇一般在200-250字，内容丰富多样，包含故事、时政、科普等，体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，字数一般要求在50-60字，答案尽量符合“Key points of a summary”的要求。
一．正确认识概要写作1. Definition of summary writing（概要写作的定义）By summary, we mean a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content of a passage, an article, a chapter or a book.2. Key points of a summary（概要写作的要点）Conciseness（简要性）：Omit unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant information.Length: 1/4-1/3 of the original text.Completeness（完整性）：To include all the main and supporting points delivered in you own words in a condensed manner.Accuracy（准确性）：To give the same attention and stress to the points as the author does.Coherence（连贯性）：Rather than an outline listed as key words andphrases, a summary is a paragraph with necessary transitions and function structures to make it flow.Objectivity（客观性）：Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic. The summary should reflect the content of the original passage only.3. Steps to write a summary（概要写作的步骤）1）Skim the text to find out the general theme.2）Analyze the text’s structure to divide it into several sections, find out the main idea of each section and write it out briefly with your own words. (one sentence)3）Write down the key supporting points for each main idea without involving minor details.4）Organize the main and related supporting points in a logical order with necessary transitions to achieve coherence.5）Proofread for grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes.4. Beginning of a summary（概要写作的开头）Begin your summary with:*The author’s name*The article’s or chapter’s name*The author’s thesis statement—a general overview(survey) of the article. The Body:First of all, the author describes……He then points out that……In addition, the author talks about……Finally, the author suggests……Some other introductory phrases:*(The author) states in (this article) that…*(The author), in (this article) shows that…*In (this article), (the author) writes that…*As (the author) says in (this article),…*The main idea of (the author’s article) is…*The author believes (holds; maintains; claims; argues; points out; suggests; proposes) that + clause…*The author talks about (explains; describes; reveals; discusses; focuses on) + n.二．记叙文概要写作要点点拨记叙文体的阅读材料，相比其他文体而言，写概要相对容易。
2017-2019年上海高考英语真题阅读概要写作汇编
2017-2019年高考英语真题概要写作汇编2017年春季高考IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.ShynessIf you suffer from shyness, you are not alone, for shyness is a universal phenomenon. It is not surprising that social scientists are exploring its environmental causes.The first environmental cause of shyness may be a child’s home and family life. Today’s children are growing up in smaller and smaller families, with fewer and fewer relatives living nearby. Growing up in homes in which both parents work full time, children may not have the socializing experience of frequent visits by neighbors and friends. Because of their lack of social skills, they may begin to feel shy when they start school.A second environmental cause of shyness in an individual may be one’s culture. In a large study conducted in Japan,57 percent of participants rated themselves as shy. Researchers Lynne Henderson and Philip Zimbardo say, “One explanation is that in Japan, an individual’s performance success is credited externally to parents, grandparents, teachers, coaches, and others, while failure is entirely blamed on the person.” Therefore, Japanese learn not to take risks i public and rely instead on group-shared decisions.Technology may also play a role. In the United States, the number of young people who report being shy has risen from 40 percent to 50 percent in recent years. Due to our huge advances in technology, watching television, playing video games, and surfing the Web have replaced recreational activities that involve social interaction for many young people. Adults, too, are becoming more isolated as a result of technology. Face-to-face interactions with bank clerks, gas station attendants, and shop assistants are no longer necessary because people can use machines to do their banning, fill their gas tanks, and order goods. In short, they become shy.It appears that most people have experienced shyness at some time in their lives. Therefore, if you are shy, you have lots of company.答案：IV. Summary Writing(共10分。
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作(Summary)
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作澄衷高级中学孙吉从2017年起，上海英语高考试卷的题型将面临许多调整，其中之一便是增加了概要写作（Summary writing），也有许多人将之称为“小作文”。
概要写作分值占据15分，考查的是考生阅读和写作的综合能力。
概要写作所给定的语篇一般在200-250字，内容丰富多样，包含故事、时政、科普等，体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，字数一般要求在50-60字，答案尽量符合“Key points of a summary”的要求。
一．正确认识概要写作1. Definition of summary writing（概要写作的定义）By summary, we mean a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content of a passage, an article, a chapter or a book.2. Key points of a summary（概要写作的要点）Conciseness（简要性）：Omit unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant information.Length: 1/4-1/3 of the original text.Completeness（完整性）：To include all the main and supporting points delivered in you own words in a condensed manner.Accuracy（准确性）：To give the same attention and stress to the points as the author does.Coherence（连贯性）：Rather than an outline listed as key words and phrases, a summary is a paragraph with necessary transitions and function structures to make it flow.Objectivity（客观性）：Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic. The summary should reflect the content of the original passage only.3. Steps to write a summary（概要写作的步骤）1）Skim the text to find out the general theme.2）Analyze the text’s structure to divide it into several sections, find out the main idea of each section and write it out briefly with your own words. (one sentence) 3）Write down the key supporting points for each main idea without involving minor details.4）Organize the main and related supporting points in a logical order with necessary transitions to achieve coherence.5）Proofread for grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes.4. Beginning of a summary（概要写作的开头）Begin your summary with:*The author’s name*The article’s or chapter’s name*The author’s thesis statement—a general overview(survey) of the article.The Body:First of all, the author describes……He then points out that……In addition, the author talks about……Finally, the author suggests……Some other introductory phrases:*(The author) states in (this article) that…*(The author), in (this article) shows that…*In (this article), (the author) writes that…*As (the author) says in (this article),…*The main idea of (the author’s article) is…*The author believes (holds; maintains; claims; argues; points out; suggests; proposes) that + clause…*The author talks about (explains; describes; reveals; discusses; focuses on) + n.二．记叙文概要写作要点点拨记叙文体的阅读材料，相比其他文体而言，写概要相对容易。
上海高考英语作文2017
上海高考英语作文2017I woke up on the day of the Shanghai college entrance examination feeling nervous and excited at the same time.It's a big day for all of us high school seniors, and we've been preparing for this moment for years. As I walked into the exam room, I couldn't help but feel a surge of adrenaline. This is it the moment we've all been waiting for.The English exam was the first one on the schedule, and I was determined to give it my all. The reading comprehension section was challenging, but I did my best to analyze the passages and answer the questions to the best of my ability. The writing section was where I felt most confident, as I poured my thoughts and ideas onto the page.I knew that this was my chance to showcase my languageskills and creativity.After the exam, I felt a mix of relief and anxiety.It's over, but now the waiting begins. The next few dayswill be filled with anticipation and nerves as we wait for the results to be announced. I can only hope that all the hard work and preparation will pay off in the end.As I left the exam room, I couldn't help but reflect on the journey that has led me to this moment. The late-night study sessions, the endless practice tests, and the unwavering support of my teachers and family. It's been a long and challenging road, but I know that it has all been worth it.Now, all that's left to do is to wait. The results will be out soon, and I can only hope for the best. No matter what happens, I know that I've given it my all, and that's all I can ask for.。
2017年1月6月份上海市英语高考概括写作、作文题目及范文(2017.11.2)
2017年1月上海市高考英语写作题假设你是明启中学的学生王磊，你的好友李宏今年暑期将赴英国参加为期两个月的海外交流活动。
如果选择主办方安排的住宿，他需要额外支付较高的费用。
但他也可以通过为当地养老院提供每月三十小时的义工服务，获得在养老院免费住宿的机会。
李宏通过邮件向你征求意见。
写一封回信，内容须包括：1.你对此事的明确的态度；2.你的理由。
考生原作1I’m glad to hear that you have access to participating in an overseas communication activity in Britain which will last two months. I suggest that you should choose working as a volunteer thirty hours every month for the local community aging, hospital to gain a chance to stay in it for free. My reasons are as follows.Not only can you enhance your social experiences, but also you can reduce your costs. Contrary to the accommodation arranged by the host, you can save a lot of money. Undoubtedly, the cost must have been high if you choose it. Staying in the aging hospital, the contrast couldn’t be greater. On the one hand, only by working as a volunteer can you gain a free stay. It sounds great! Your arrival will add colors to the atmosphere there. On the other hand, during our spare time, we will also spend time helping others in that our society teaches us to be a warm-heated person. Your arrival will also reduce the burdens there. As an old saying goes, “ We can gain both things at the same time.” So why not choose it?I hope that you will take my advise. Best wishes that you will have a good time there. It is a golden chance that you will gain in summer vocation. In short, enjoy yourself.考生原作2It is said that you will go abroad to England for a two-month overseas communication activity in this summer vocation. I hear that you are hesitating whether to spend higher price choosing arranged dormitory or to spend 30 hours every month serving the old to get a free living.In my opinion, I think you should choose the first one. If you choose the second option, you will use too much time to do service instead of studying the local culture. Although communication with the old can get a lot of lively experience and avoid many mistakes in life, your most important responsibility is to learn how overseas students study and what they will learn. Arranged room can save you time and have more chances to live with peers who may have the same interest with you. By this, you can make a lot of young friends and if you are in trouble in future, they may give you some suggestions and a helping hand.I wish that you would take my advice and I’m waiting to hear from you.6 月份高考英语写作题假设你是明启中学的学生王磊，你校学生会将组织一次徒步活动，并在校园公布了如下方案，征求师生意见。
上海高考2017英语作文
In the2017Shanghai Gaokao,the English composition section often requires students to demonstrate their ability to express thoughts and ideas in English effectively. Here are some key elements and a sample essay that could have been expected in the 2017Shanghai Gaokao English composition:Key Elements of a HighScoring English Composition:1.Clear Topic Sentence:Begin each paragraph with a clear topic sentence that indicates the main idea.2.Coherent Structure:Organize the essay with a clear introduction,body,and conclusion.3.Vocabulary Variety:Use a range of vocabulary to express your ideas.4.Grammar Accuracy:Ensure correct grammar and punctuation throughout the essay.5.Logical Flow:Make sure the ideas in the essay flow logically from one to the next.6.Personal Touch:Add personal opinions or experiences to make the essay more engaging.Sample Essay:Title:The Importance of Environmental ProtectionIntroduction:In todays rapidly developing world,the issue of environmental protection has become increasingly significant.As a high school student living in Shanghai,I have witnessed firsthand the effects of pollution and the importance of taking action to safeguard our planet.Body Paragraph1:The first and foremost reason for the necessity of environmental protection is the preservation of biodiversity.Shanghai,with its rich ecosystem,is home to a variety of species.However,the rapid urbanization has led to habitat loss and pollution,threatening the survival of many species.It is our responsibility to ensure that future generations can enjoy the beauty of nature just as we do.Body Paragraph2:Another critical aspect of environmental protection is the improvement of public health. Air pollution,for instance,has been linked to various respiratory diseases.By implementing measures such as reducing industrial emissions and promoting the use of public transportation,we can significantly improve air quality and the overall health of our citizens.Body Paragraph3:Lastly,environmental protection is essential for sustainable development.As Shanghaicontinues to grow economically,it is crucial to balance this growth with environmental considerations.Investing in renewable energy sources,promoting green spaces,and encouraging ecofriendly practices are all steps towards a sustainable future.Conclusion:In conclusion,environmental protection is not just a duty but a necessity for the wellbeing of our society and the planet.It is through collective efforts,from individuals to corporations and governments,that we can make a difference.As a student,I pledge to contribute to this cause by raising awareness and adopting ecofriendly habits in my daily life.Tips for Writing an Effective Composition:Plan Ahead:Spend a few minutes planning your essay before you start writing.Stay on Topic:Ensure that all parts of your essay are relevant to the topic.Revise:If time permits,review your essay for any errors or areas of improvement.Remember,practice makes perfect.Regularly writing compositions on various topics will help you become more proficient in expressing your thoughts in English.。
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作(Summary)
For personal use only in study and research; not for c o m m e r c i a l u s e上海高考英语新题型之概要写作澄衷高级中学孙吉从2017年起，上海英语高考试卷的题型将面临许多调整，其中之一便是增加了概要写作（Summary writing），也有许多人将之称为“小作文”。
概要写作分值占据15分，考查的是考生阅读和写作的综合能力。
概要写作所给定的语篇一般在200-250字，内容丰富多样，包含故事、时政、科普等，体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，字数一般要求在50-60字，答案尽量符合“Key points of a summary”的要求。
一．正确认识概要写作1. Definition of summary writing（概要写作的定义）By summary, we mean a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content ofa passage, an article, a chapter or a book.2. Key points of a summary（概要写作的要点）Conciseness（简要性）：Omit unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant information.Length: 1/4-1/3 of the original text.Completeness（完整性）：To include all the main and supporting points delivered in you own words in a condensed manner.Accuracy（准确性）：To give the same attention and stress to the points as the author does.Coherence（连贯性）：Rather than an outline listed as key words and phrases, a summary is a paragraph with necessary transitions and function structures to make it flow.Objectivity（客观性）：Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic. The summary should reflect the content of the original passage only.3. Steps to write a summary（概要写作的步骤）1）Skim the text to find out the general theme.2）Analyze the text’s structure to divide it into several sections, find out the main idea of each section and write it out briefly with your own words. (one sentence)3）Write down the key supporting points for each main idea without involving minor details.4）Organize the main and related supporting points in a logical order with necessary transitions to achieve coherence.5）Proofread for grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes.4. Beginning of a summary（概要写作的开头）Begin your summary with:*The author’s name*The article’s or chapter’s name*The author’s thesis statement—a general overview(survey) of the article.The Body:First of all, the author describes……He then points out that……In addition, the author talks about……Finally, the author suggests……Some other introductory phrases:*(The author) states in (this article) that…*(The author), in (this article) shows that…*In (this article), (the author) writes that…*As (the author) says in (this article),…*The main idea of (the author’s article) is…*The author believes (holds; maintains; claims; argues; points out; suggests; proposes) that + clause…*The author talks about (explains; describes; reveals; discusses; focuses on) + n.二．记叙文概要写作要点点拨记叙文体的阅读材料，相比其他文体而言，写概要相对容易。
2017-2019年上海高考英语满分作文背诵汇总
2017-2019年上海高考英语满分作文背诵汇总(名师精讲解题技巧与方法，建议下载练习)2019年春考真题作文I. WritingWrite an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是明启中学的李华，你的朋友李楠给你写了一封信，告诉你他要开发一个新的 APP ，用这个软件共享衣服，想要征集大家的看法，你是否愿意共享Writing Dear Li Nan,Hearing that you have developed a new app of students sharing clothes, I feel truly proud of your novel idea. Personally speaking, I am willing to share my clothes on your app. The reasons are as follows. To begin with, it will be wonderful for me if I learn that someone that I barely know of can share my happiness of wearing my clothes. It feels like you are emotionally connecting someone in your clothes. Then I may naturally wish to know more about that particular “someone” and probably further deepen our relationship. In the end, a good friendship between me and my clothes mate might be built based on our common clothes. What’s more, if other students can try my clothes through the app. In turn, I also can try their new clothes. Therefore, students can wear different types of clothes without actually spending any money. What’s more important is that sharing my clothes will take full use of them. In today’s material society, there are so many parents who prepare lots of clothes for their beloved children for different occasions, such as a dress for the party, gym suit for indoor sports. Moreover, the clothes can only realize their true value after they are put on a person’s body. To summarize, sharing my clothes on your app benefits others and me. Dear Linan:In response to your original/ novel/ pioneering/ innovative/ transformative/ revolutionary /groundbreaking(paraphrase) idea that a new application harnessed by people to share clothes is to be exploited, I’d like to air my thought that your view earns my favor. Three factors can account for my preference.First and foremost, the value of sharing deserves to be highlighted. With the emergence of the novel paraphrased app, taking full advantage of the resources wisely never fails to lead human’s life to break new grounds. It can permit us students to wear various clothes without any spendings, through which those clothes can be reserved for the art festival performance, adding brilliant touch to the celebration ceremony. Consequently, the resources can be utilized fully , avoiding the waste resources. Plus, small bits can result in a huge change. As we all know, there is a woeful shortage of clothes all over China, especially in the poverty-striken areas. Your advance in developing this app can allow us to provide our small assistance for them easily, which , to some extent, can iron out the local well-being problem. Last but not least, as the device rounds up the clothes, identical outlooks on fashion enable us to interact with each other closely, giving rise to boosting interpersonal relastionship. Gossip of clothing style can make girls become kindred souls immediately.Longing for the gear bringing us more benefits, I truly hope you can do utmost to make it.2018年春考真题II. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学的学生王磊，你校计划引进一个机器人担任餐厅服务员或者图书馆管理员，并在英语贴吧征求学生意见，你很感兴趣，决定回帖响应，你所写的内容应包括:1你认为机器人适合担任的一个岗位，二选一;2通过比较，阐述你选择的理由，可以从工作效率，服务范围等方面进行表述。
2017高考英语作文上海
2017高考英语作文上海With the rapid advancement of technology, the landscape of education has been undergoing a significant transformation.In the 2017 Shanghai college entrance examination, students were tasked with discussing the influence of technology on traditional education methods. This essay will explore the various ways in which technology has reshaped the educational experience, both positively and negatively.Firstly, technology has made education more accessible. The advent of online courses and educational apps has allowed students from all over the world to access a wealth of knowledge and resources that were previously only availableto those in proximity to prestigious institutions. This democratization of education has the potential to bridge the gap between different socioeconomic backgrounds and provide equal opportunities for learning.Secondly, the use of technology in classrooms has madelearning more interactive and engaging. Interactive whiteboards, educational software, and digital textbooks have replaced the traditional chalk and talk method, makinglessons more dynamic and participatory. This shift has been particularly beneficial for visual and kinesthetic learners who may have struggled with more passive forms of instruction.However, the integration of technology into education is not without its challenges. One of the major concerns is thepotential distraction it can pose. With the internet and social media at their fingertips, students may find it difficult to stay focused on their studies, leading to a decrease in academic performance.Additionally, there is a risk of over-reliance on technology, which could erode the fundamental skills of critical thinking and problem-solving. The ease of access to information may lead some students to forgo the process of learning how to think through complex issues and instead simply search for answers online.In conclusion, while technology has undoubtedly brought about many positive changes to the field of education, it iscrucial to find a balance. Traditional education methods should not be discarded entirely, as they play a vital rolein developing essential cognitive abilities. The key is to integrate technology in a way that complements and enhances the learning process, rather than replacing the core educational experience.This essay question from the 2017 Shanghai college entrance examination prompts students to consider the multifaceted impact of technology on education, encouraging critical thinking and a nuanced understanding of the subject.。
上海市高考概要写作9篇（有答案）
上海市高考概要写作9篇（有答案）01 - Sales StrategiesHow can a company improve its sales? One of the keys to more effective selling is for a company to first decide on its “sales strategy”. In other words, what is the role of the salespe the salesperson’s job narrative, suggestive, or consultive?The “narrative” sales strategy depends on the salesperson moving quickly into a standard sales presentation. His or her pitch highlights the benefit for the customer of a particular product orservice. This approach is most effective for customers whose buying motives are basically the sameand is also well suited to companies who have a large number of prospects on which to call.The “suggestive” approach is tailored more for the individual customer. The salesperson mustbe in a position to offer alternative recommendations that meet a particular customer’s n key aspect of the suggestive approach is the need for the salesperson to engage the buyer in somesort of discussion. The salesperson can then use the information from the customer to suggest an appropriate product or service.The final strategy demands that a company’s sales staff act as “consultants” for this role, the salesperson must acquire a great deal of information about the customer. They do this through market research, surveys, and face-to-face discussions. Using this information, the salesperson makes adetailed presentation tailored specifically to a consumers needs.More and more sales teams are switching from a narrative or a suggestive approach to a more consultative strategy. As a result, corporations are looking more at intangibles (无形资产) such as creativity and analytical skills and less at educational background and technical skills.Sales strategies are classified as narrative, suggestive and consultive. Salespeople use thenarrative strategy to promote products with standard presentations. The suggestive approachrequires the salesperson to recommend a suitable product after talking with customers. Theconsultive strategy demands that salespeople acquire information about customers and act astheir “consultants”. Nowadays more and more sales teams prefer the consultive approach. (60 words)02 - When You Hear the Final WhistleOne of the hardest things for any sportsperson to do is to know when to retire. But even harderis finding the answer to the question “What am I going to do with the rest of my life?Some sportspeople go on playing too long. Perhaps they just can’t stand life without the of playing professional sport. Michael Jordan, the greatest basketball player of all time retired threetimes. He retired once from the Chicago Bulls, made a successful comeback with the Bulls, thenretired again. His second comeback with an inferior team ended in failure and he retired for ever atthe age of 38. Jordan said, “There will never be anything Ido that will fulfill me as much as competing did.”Others can’t resist the chance of one last “pay day”. Muhammad Ali needed the mone comeback fight, at the age of 39, against Trevor Berbick, was one of the saddest s pectacles in modem sport. After losing to Berbick, Ali retired permanently. Three years later he developed Parkinson’s disease.For some people, the pain of retirement never leaves them. As Jimmy Greaves, an ex- England international footballer said, u I think that a lot of players would prefer to be shot once their careeris over. J, Many of them spend their retirement in a continual battle against depression, alcohol, ordrugs.But for the lucky few, retirement can mean a successful new career. Franz Beckenbauer is aclassical example of a footballer who won everything with his club, Bayern Munich. After retiringhe became a successful coach with Bayern and finally president of the club. John McEnroe, theof tennis, is now a highly respected a nd highly paid TV commentator. Butinfamous “bad boy”sadly, for most sportspeople these cases are the exceptions.For one thing, sportspeople find it hard to decide when to retire. Some don’t want towithout playing professional sport while others just needretire because they can’t stand livingmoney. For another, sportspeople find it harder to decide what to do after retirement. Somesuffer from the pain of retirement while the lucky few takeup a new career. (60 words)03 - IKEASince it opened its first store in 1943 , IKEA has become one of the biggest furniture empiresin the world. The company has made people think differently about the way they furnish theirhomes, particularly in countries like Germany, the UK and France. Over 365 million people worldwide spend more than ￡8 billion in IKEA stores each year and the number of customers keeps rising. The best-selling products are bookshelves, sofas, candles, chairs and coat hangers, but perhaps IKEA is most famous for its flatpack furniture.Flatpack furniture was invented by chance in 1956 by a man called Gillis Lundgren. He livedin a Swedish town called Almhult and worked for a small furniture company. One day Lundgrenfit in his car. “Let’s pull off the legs needed to deliver a table to a customer, but the table wouldn’ｔand that was the moment flatpack furniture was bom.and put them underneath,” said Lundgren —From that simple beginning, the small furniture company became IKEA and Lundgren became oneof its top designers.The secret of IKEA’s success is not just the design, it’s also the price. Flatpacks don much space, so IKEA can send furniture round the world vey cheaply. Also the stores donlots of salespeople t o help you find or carry things; it seems people don’t mind doing that forthey themselves. And most importantly, IKEA doesn’t pay anyone to put the furniture togetherlet the customers do that. Apparently, people would rather pay less and build the furniture themselves.IKEA is a big furniture chain store, well known for its flatpack furniture, which wasinvented by Gillis Lundgren when he managed to put a table into a car. IKEA’s success the design and the price. IKEA can deliver flatpacks round the world cheaply. Customers would rather pay less and put the furniture together themselves. (57 words)4 - Refusing to Be ModernizedAn elderly couple are going to exchange candles for light bulbs after 37 years withoutelectricity at their Suffolk home. Pat Payne, 74, and his wife Margaret, 72, brought up their largefamily in their farmhouse in Whepstead, near Bury St Edmunds, without any modem appliances.Their children left home years ago but now one of them has moved back and is paying￡ 19,000 to have electricity put in the 200-year-old house next month. Mrs. Payne said that she waslooking forward to “ being modernized “ but does not feel that she has missed much by not havin electricity.“It would have been nice to have been able to do the ironing or to have vacuum cleaner insteadof having to sweep the floor, but we got by,” she said. “I think our children are more excited us getting electricity than we are.”The couple have mostly lived off the land. Mr. Payne, a former farm labourer, grows vegetables in the garden. Without a fridge or freezer in the three-bedroom house, milk is deliveredevery other day and fresh meat is bought as needed. Water comes from a well.Mrs. Payne used to wash clothes by hand, and with nine children that was a lot of clothes, butshe believes that not having electricity may have been a good thing for her children while they weregrowing up.“Instead of watching television, they played together and used to make up games orread books,” she said.r been seriously ill and we The life also suited her and her husband. “ Neither of us has eveMrs. Payne said. “With o ur fresh vegetables and not having centralrarely get a cough or cold,”heating it’s been a very healthy way to live.”The Paynes have lived in their farmhouse without electricity for 37 years but they do n’tgrowing up and theirregret it. They think living in this way does good to their children’shealth. Now they are going to have electricity put in their house and will make use of modernalliances. (51 words)5 - Designer Brands Aren’t for Me!Although I follow fashion, I hate the phrase “must-have”. If I read that Ugg boots or Prada-haves”, my immediate reaction is to think, “Why must I have the sunglasses are the latest “mustintended to increase hisWhy sho uld I fall for the designer’s manipulative tactics,which are onlybank balance at the expense of mine?Designer brands, in general, are for people who are too insecure to trust their own tastes. These. Ipeople decide that everything at Prada must be “cool”, so if you shop there, you canfind it much more satisfying to pop into one of the cheap chain stores on the High Street and buy acopy of designer’s clothes for a tenth of the price. OK, you have to use your skill to find the one garment in there that looks great. But it’s worth it! It’s like finding a piece of gold in a ri find gives you immense satisfaction.Which is why, according to a survey done by a British bank, young people with money are abandoning the designer shops and buying their clothes in chain stores, second-hand shops, and in markets. This is the best news I’ve heard all week. It means that young people have the confidenc to trust their judgment. They are prepared to take risks to look individual and not mass-produced.That has always been my shopping philosophy. The surprisingly high prices in designer shopsleave me open-mouthed. Even if I had the money, I would think of all the other things I could spendit on!The writer thinks there is no need to buy those “must-haves” and that designer brandsare intend ed for those who aren’t sure of their tastes. He prefers to do shopping in a cheapchain store. Besides, a survey reports that rich young peopleare switching to cheaper placesto do shopping, thus looking individual. (54 words)6 - A Lesson Goes ViralAt the end of 2014, Tulsa, Oklahoma, sixth-grade teacher Melissa Bour received a friendrequest on Facebook from one of her students. She didn’t accept the request, but a quick browher classroom. Many of thethrough the girl’s frie nds list revealed the names of dozens of kids fromstudents’ Facebook pages were completely public, meaning even strangers could search through the kids’ personal photos and messages.“I saw middle fingers, students dressed i nappropriately, and extremely offensive language,”Meli ssa says. “It was disturbing.” When she brought up her discovery in class, the students thoug it was nothing. So she created a post of her own.：My With a bright green Sharpie, she wrote on a piece of paper in all caps, “Dear Fac e 12-year-old students think it is ‘no big deal’ that they are posting pictures of themselves ... Please help me show them how quickly their images can get around.” She put a picture of the letter on Facebook page and asked people to share it.In hours, it was shared 108 ,000 times across dozens of states and four countries. She deleted iton the Internetafter eight hours, but it continued to spread. “I w anted to show them that it’sforever,” she says.“eyes got bigger and As she explained the results of her experiment in class, the students’bigger,” she says. “It scared a few of them into deleting their pages completely,”have removed inappropriate posts and used privacy settings to manage their pages.t to push them to be mindful of what Her intention w asn’t to scare them off social media buthey post. Melissa says, “I tell them, ‘just because everyone else is sharing doesn’to.’”At the end of 2014, Melissa Bour, a sixth-grade teacher in Tulsa, Oklahoma, found herstudents were using social media improperly. In order to warn them of the danger, she posteda picture with some words on it. It spread quickly and remained online even when deleted.She told the students what she did and her efforts were fruitful. (59 words)7 - Parallel LivesMargaret Richardson and T erry Connelly have almost identical taste in clothes, both have four children of more or less the same age, and both were married on exactly the same day. Not surprising, perhaps, Margaret and Terry are identical twins. What is sur pri sing is that they didn’t even meet until they were in their mid-thirties.What happens if, like Terry and Margaret, identical twins are separated at birth and brought upin different families? Will their backgrounds make them completely different, or will their sharedgenes still mean that they have a lot in common? Professor Tom Bouchard from the University of Minnesota, set out to findthe answer to this question. He traced more than a hundred pairs of twinswho were adopted by different parents at birth, sixty-four of whom were identical twins. Each twinis then tested and interviewed about every detail of their life and personality.It turned out that Margaret and Terry were not unusual. As well as looking very similar, manytwins had the same IQ, the same health problems, the same hobbies and interests, the same attitudes and even the same tastes. Several pairs of twins arrived at their first meeting in the same clothes,and one pair of middle-aged women were wearing identical jewellery. Others had made the samecareer choices：Jerry and Mark Levy first met in their thirties to discover that they were both firefighters, who drank the same kind of beer and weighed exactly the same.Of course, some of this must be coincidence. But Professor Bouchard has come to a remarkable conclusion. Identical twins brought up separately are more similar than non-identical twins brought up together. “I am not saying that upbringing doesn’t matter —it’s very important of course —but this research shows that our genes influence almost every part of our lives：they influence our IQ, our hobbies; our personalities, our political attitudes, our health, even the clothesand food we like.”Margaret Richardson and Terry Connelly are identical twins. Though they were separated at bi rth and didn’t meet until in their mid-thirties, they had a lot in common. Professor TomBouchard found through his study that identical twins who grew up separatelyare more like each other than non-identical twins who grew up together and that genes play alarge part. (60 words)8 - They Beat Odds TogetherAFTER A CAR CRASH left 14-year-old Collin Smith unable to walk, doctors told him he hada 20 percent chance of finishing high school. The opportunity to attend college seemed even slimmer. Yet eight years later, Collin earned a bachelor of arts degree in communications from High Point University. Collin had achieved the nearly impossible — with the help of a kind manfive decades his senior.Dial back to 2005. Ernest Greene had just moved to the same area that Collin and his parentslived. The families did not know each other. But when Ernest heard about Collin’s acc fact that his parents would not be able to care full-time for their son, Ernest says, he felt a calling.“The Lord was leading m e to help,” he says. He had time to spare.Ernest approached Collin’s parents with the idea that he look after the boy while they were at work. The Smiths gratefully accepted. Collin, now 23 , says it was hard for him to understand then“how someone I didn’t know would drop everything to help me.”Ernest sought training to care for Collin and then began arriving at the Smiths’weekday mornings. He would help Collin get out of bed, wash, and dress. He would help him havedrive Collin to school. And at 3 p.m., every day, Ernest would drive back to breakfast. Then he’dpick him up. Then, while the two waited for one of Collin’s parents to get home, “w Monopoly,” says Ernest with a laugh.Collin graduated from high school with the rest of his class and was accepted to nearby HighPoint. Ernest accompanied him to every class. “The first year was interesting,”Ernest recalls.Ernest, on the other hand, says he took full advantage of the “Collin d idn’t want to stick out.”opportunity, taking down notes and often commenting in class.Collin Smith lost his ability to walk at 14 after a car accident. When Ernest Greene, 64then, heard about that, he offered to help him. He looked after the boy, sent him to school andpicked him up after school. Thanks to Ernest, Collin graduated from high school and wasadmitted to a nearby college. (56 words)9- What I Think of Boxing as a SportBoxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazinesand sports programmes on TV frequently cover boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot ofmoney, and successful boxers are treated as big heroes.It seems to me that some people, especially men, find it appealing because it is an aggressive sport. When they watch a boxing match, they can identify with the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a winner themselves. It is a factthat many people have feelings of aggression from time to time, but they cannot show their aggression in their everyday lives. Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression.However, there is a negative side to boxing. It can be a very dangerous sport. Although boxers wear gloves during the fights, and amateur boxers even have to wear helmets, there have frequently been accidents in both professional and amateur boxing, sometimes with dramatic consequences. Boxers have suffered from head injuries, and occasionally, fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the ring. Furthermore, studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing, in the form of serious brain damage, even if a boxer has never been knocked out.To conclude, I am personally not at all in favour of aggressive sports like boxing. I think it would be better if less time was given to aggressive sports on TV, and we celebrated more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society. I believe that the world is aggressive enough already! Of course, people like competitive sports, and so do I, but I think that hitting other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.Some people love boxing because it is an aggressive sport, which echoes with the feelingsof aggression they have. But boxing is also a dangerous sport, not only because boxers are very likely to be injured or even killed, but also because there might be potential brain-aggressive sports. (59 damage. Personally, the writer doesn’t like boxing and appeals for nonwords)。
上海2017高考英语作文
上海2017高考英语作文In the era of rapid technological advancement, the city of Shanghai, known for its rich cultural heritage, finds itself at the crossroads of modernity and tradition. The 2017 Gaokao English essay prompt invites students to explore the influence of technology on traditional culture, specifically within the context of Shanghai.As the financial and cultural epicenter of China, Shanghai has always been a city that embraces innovation. However, with the advent of smartphones, the internet, and other digital technologies, the way traditional culture is experienced and preserved has undergone a significant transformation.Firstly, the proliferation of digital media has made it easier for the younger generation to access and appreciate traditional art forms, such as the ancient Chinese opera, calligraphy, and tea ceremonies. These cultural practices, once confined to specific venues or passed down through generations within families, are now available at the touch of a button, allowing for a broader audience to engage with them.Secondly, technology has also played a crucial role in the preservation of cultural heritage. The use of advanced imaging and 3D scanning techniques has helped in the restoration of historical sites and artifacts in Shanghai,such as the Yu Garden and the Shanghai Museum's extensive collection. This not only safeguards the physical remnants of the past but also allows for virtual tours and interactive experiences that were unimaginable a few decades ago.However, the impact of technology is not without its challenges. There is a concern that the convenience and instant gratification offered by digital platforms may lead to a superficial understanding and appreciation oftraditional culture. The risk of cultural homogenization is also real, as globalized digital content can sometimes overshadow local narratives and practices.In conclusion, while technology has opened new avenues for the dissemination and preservation of Shanghai's traditional culture, it is imperative that we strike a balance between embracing innovation and safeguarding the authenticity of our cultural identity. The future of Shanghai's cultural landscape will depend on our ability to integrate technology in a way that enhances, rather than erodes, the rich tapestry of our traditions.This essay prompt encourages students to think critically about the role of technology in cultural evolution and to express their opinions on how to maintain the integrity of traditional culture in the face of technological progress.。
2017~2020年上海高考英语试题概要写作汇总(附参考例文+评分标准)
2017〜2020年上海高考英语概要写作汇编2020年秋考Are people unique?It is human beings' pride that we are the only species on the Planet that can speak and think. However, recent research casts doubt on that common belief.Zuberbiililer a psychologist at St. Andrews University, and his colleagues recorded tliousands of calls made by Diana monkeys and noticed that die monkeys adapted their calls to change the meaiung to warn one another about different situations. For example, they made a 'krack' alarm call at the sight of tiger However, when they merely repeated calls made by otlier monkeys they added an 4oo\The researchers fbimd that the same calls would be recognised by other species, like Campbelfs monkeys. So they are communicating across species. *And since then we have found that hornbill birds can understand these calls and they too can understand all die different meanings', said Zuberbuhler.What is also surprising is that signs of mtelligence have been found in birds, whose small brains were long assumed to be a complete barrier to mtelligence. However, all that is changing fast. A few years ago Irene Pepperberg of die Massachusetts Iiistimte of Teclinology taught a parrot to recognise and count up to six objects, which couldn't have been achieved if birds were unable to memorize.Last year, that was topped by Alex Kacelmk, a professor of behavioral ecology at Oxford, who discovered that crows （乌鸦）are capable of using tools in complex orders, the first time such behaviour has been observed ui non-huinans. In an experiment seven crows successfully grabbed a piece of food placed out of reach using three different lengtlis of stick. Crucially, they were able to complete the task without any special training, suggesting the birds were capable of a level of abstract reasoning normally associated only with humans.All this is powerful evidence against die idea that people are unique.参考答案：Scientists have discovered signs of language and intelligence in monkeys and birds. Some monkeys can communicate vanous messages with different calls in and across species. Some birds, like parrots and crows, have the ability to memorize and reason. So language and intelligence are not imique to humans.2020年春考Global CooperationIn the 21st century, we\'e seen a new trend that is pusluiig the boundaries（边界）of human invention and innovation - global cooperation. Scientific and teclinical research and development is now so complicated that no one scientist can know it all. So, increasingly, innovation is coming from die combmmg of cutting-edge expertise（专业知识）from difiereiit scientific fields.There are now over 8.000 scientific journals worldwide and it is mipossible to be ail expert m all areas. Therefore,in this highly specialized world, scientists, medics and engineers have to cooperate in order to innovate. Professor Bob Langer at Massachusetts Institute of Teclinology QUT) has made significant breaktliroughs in the field of biomedical enguieeriiig. But he hasn't done it on his own. He has invited experts from around the world in different fields to form a global team to design new substances which can go inside the body deliver medicines and then dissolve.Also at MIT, when Cesar Harada heard about the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010. he quit his dream job there and tried to develop a more efficient way to remove the oil. But rather than focusing on profit, he decided to 4open-source' the design. He shared his own ideas on die web for free and then got experts from all around the world to contribute ideas and even donations. Thanks to this free, not-for-profit way of sharing ideas and intellectual property on the mtemet, a boat capable of cleaning oil quickly came into being. Obviously, mternational cooperation based on sharmg information freely has produced innovative approaches to solving problems.It appears that the days of brilliant individuals working in tlieir garages on their own are over. Global teams with a united purpose building on everyone's expertise can collectively do far more than one brilliant individual. Today's world calls for global cooperators, sharers, and not protectors of ideas.参考答案：In this century, global cooperation in science and technology is desirable because no single scientist can be a kiiow-all due to the complexity of research and development. Scientists are workmg together to make breaktlirouglis. Tliey also manage to solve problems by sharing ideas infbmiation freely. Gone are the days when one expert can make it alone.2019年秋考Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize die main idea and the mam poiiit(s) of the passage m no more tliaii 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Bemg among the first to try out a new piece of technology is cool. When you're the only member of your social circle with the latest hot device, people stare in fascination. However, people tend to underestimate die costs of this temporary coolness, which tliey pay in more ways than one.Frankly speaking, early adoption is a bad investment. The earliest versions of devices are not only expensive, they are also the most expensive that those devices will ever be. Companies are attempting to recover the cost of production as fast as they can. and once the profits from early adopters' purchases are safely in their hands, they can cut die price and shift to the next marketing phase: selling the product to everyone else. Tins is why the cost of the original iPhone dropped about S200 only eight months after its release.Those who are first to leap into a new technology also risk wastmg money and time on something that will never catch on. Iii 2006, HD DVDs, a new format (制式)for video, entered the market. A few eager consumers bought HD DVD players that were discontinued in early 2008. The early adopters were then stuck with pricey devices tliat just sat on their shelves collecting dust.Another good reason to resist die early adoption temptation is tliat die first version of a product typically has m^erfections. For example, when Microsoft's game maclmie, Xbox One, was first released in 2013, users miinediately began to complam of problems. Devoted gamers worked to find and share solutions to tliese issues. Such problems are so common witlinew technology that early adopters are basically unpaid testers.So don't join the first wave of consumers who invest in the latest version of device; instead, wait and see.参考答案：It is unwise to be early users of the latest devices. Firstly, the devices, when launched, are often overpriced because companies want to get back the cost quickly. Secondly, what you have bought can be out of date very soon. Finally, the deuces are very likely imperfect. Therefore, don't be early adopters.1.在包含主题句及涵盖三个要点的基础上，能根据文章准确阐述三个要点中任意两点A 2.需要说明作者对这一行为的态度（开头结尾皆可）It is unwise.../Don't become...（表述可不相同）如没有表达出这一态度，内容不能拿满分一在包含主题句及涵盖三个要点的基础上，,根据文章准确阐述三个要点中任意一点的具体内容: （1）Firstly, the devices, when launched, are often overpriced because companies want to get back the cost qui B ckly.（该要点阐述定价高的理由）（2）Secondly, what you have bought can be out of date very soon.（该要点阐述果实很快）（3）Finally, the devices are very r likely imperfect.（该要点阐述设备不完美，如只写“unpaid testers"不准确）一必须准确写出主题句及涵盖三个要点，要点可以不展开1 .主题句中"Early adopters /early users of latest devices”划线部分信息在主题句中没有表述，但下文提及，表述不扣分；但如果下文没有表达清楚是什么的早期使用者术语主题句表述不准确。
19年上海高考英语作文范文(4篇)_1
19年上海高考英语作文范文(4篇)一、说明文阅读理解的特征一般说来，英语说明文与其它文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即Who→What→When→Where→How→Why。
1. Who：问的是这篇文章的主体是谁？（即所要说明和描述的人或事物）2. What：问的是主体做了什么事情？（即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途）3. When和Where：是在何时何地发生的`？（即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途）4. How：通过什么方式表现出来的？5. Why：这种特性功能用途的原因是什么？做说明文阅读阅读的时候，一定要记住上面的Wh-word。
边阅读，边搜记，牢记要点，把握全文。
二．说明文阅读理解的类型掌握说明文阅读理解题的类型对考生来说非常有必要。
一般来说，高考对阅读理解的命题类型主要有以下几种：1. 细节理解题说明文中考查的细节理解题大致与记叙文相似。
命题区域都有其共同点。
⑴在列举处命题。
如用First(1y、Second(1y、Third(1yFinally、not only…but also、then、in addition等表示顺承关系的词语列举出事实。
试题要求考生从列举出的内容中选出符合题干要求的答案项。
⑴在例证处命题。
句中常用由as、such as、for example、for instance等引导的短语或句子作为例证，这些例句或比喻就成为命题者设问的焦点。
⑴在转折对比处命题。
一般通过however、but、yet、in fact等词语来引导。
对比用unlike、until、not so much…as等词语引导，命题者常对用来对比的双方属性进行考查。
⑴在比较处命题。
无端的比较、相反的比较、偷换对象的比较，经常出现在干扰项中，考生要标记并且关注到原文中的比较，才能顺利地排除干扰。
⑴在复杂句中命题。
包括同位词、插入语、定语、从句、不定式等，命题者主要考查考生对句子之间的指代关系和语法关系。
历年上海英语高考作文
历年上海英语高考作文### 历年上海英语高考作文1. 2019年：The Impact of Technology on Communication- 随着科技的飞速发展，人们沟通的方式也在发生着翻天覆地的变化。
在2019年的上海英语高考中，考生需要探讨科技对人际交流的影响。
例如，智能手机和社交媒体如何改变了我们的交流习惯，以及这些变化带来的积极和消极后果。
2. 2018年：The Role of Volunteering in Community Development - 2018年的作文题目聚焦于志愿者在社区发展中的作用。
考生需要论证志愿者活动如何促进社区的和谐与进步，以及个人参与志愿活动的意义和价值。
3. 2017年：The Importance of Cultural Heritage- 2017年的作文题目强调了文化遗产的重要性。
考生需要讨论保护文化遗产的必要性，以及文化遗产对个人和社会身份认同的影响。
4. 2016年：The Influence of Social Media- 2016年的题目关注社交媒体对青少年的影响。
考生需要分析社交媒体如何塑造青少年的价值观，以及它在教育和社交方面的作用。
5. 2015年：The Benefits of Traveling- 2015年的作文题目探讨了旅行的好处。
考生需要阐述旅行如何拓宽视野，增进对不同文化的理解，以及旅行对个人成长的重要性。
6. 2014年：The Significance of Environmental Protection- 2014年的作文题目聚焦于环境保护的重要性。
考生需要讨论环境问题对人类生活的影响，以及我们如何采取行动来保护我们的地球。
7. 2013年：The Value of Education- 2013年的作文题目强调了教育的价值。
考生需要论证教育如何改变个人的命运，以及教育在社会发展中的关键作用。
8. 2012年：The Impact of Globalization- 2012年的题目关注全球化对个人和社会的影响。
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作（Summary）
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作（Summary）上海高考英语新题型之概要写作澄衷高级中学孙吉从2017年起，上海英语高考试卷的题型将面临许多调整，其中之一便是增加了概要写作(Summary writing)，也有许多人将之称为小作文”概要写作分值占据15分，考查的是考生阅读和写作的综合能力。
概要写作所给定的语篇一般在200-250字，内容丰富多样，包含故事、时政、科普等，体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，字数一般要求在50-60字，答案尽量符合“ Key poi nts of a summary勺要求。
一?正确认识概要写作1. Defin iti on of summary writ ing （概要写作的定义）By summary, we mean a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content of a passage, an article, a chapter or a book.2. Key poi nts of a summary （概要写作的要点）Conciseness（简要性）:Omit unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other uni mporta nt in formati on.Length: 1/4-1/3 of the original text.Completeness （完整性）：To include all the main and supporting points delivered in you own words in a conden sed manner.Accuracy （准确性）:To give the same attention and stress to the points as the author does.Cohere nee （连贯性）：Rather tha n an outl ine listed as key words and phrases, a summary is a paragraph with n ecessary tran siti ons and fun cti on structures to make it flow.Objectivity （客观性）:Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic.The summary should reflect the content of the origi nalpassage only.3. Steps to write a summary （概要写作的步骤）1）Skim the text to find out the general theme.2）An alyze the text ' s structure to divide it into several sect ions, find out the main idea of each sect ion and write it out briefly with your own words. （one senten ce）3）Write down the key supporting points for each main idea without involving minor details.4）Organize the main and related supporting points in a logical order with necessary tran siti ons to achieve cohere nee.5）Proofread for grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes.4. Beginning of a summary （概要写作的开头）Beg in your summary with:*The author ' s name*The article ' s or chapter ' s name*The author ' s thesis statement —a general overview （survey） of the article.The Body:First of all, the author describes .....He then points out that ...............In addition, the author talks about .....Finally, the author suggests .....Some other in troductory phrases:*(The author) states in (this article) that …*(The author), in (this article) shows that …*ln (this article), (the author) writes that …*As (t he author) says in (this article), …*The main idea of (the author ' s article) is …*The author believes (holds; maintains; claims; argues; pointsout; suggests; proposes) that +clause …*The author talks about (expla ins; describes; reveals; discusses; focuses on) + n.二?记叙文概要写作要点点拨记叙文体的阅读材料，相比其他文体而言，写概要相对容易。
2017-2019年上海高考英语满分作文背诵汇总
2017-2019年上海高考英语满分作文背诵汇总服they may find it suitable for them and也want to buy it。
This will not only help me find potential buyers but also promote the促XXX I am wearing.In n。
XXX on your app can also help ce waste and protect the环environment。
As we all know。
fast n has brought a lot of negative impacts on the保environment。
XXX护sharing clothes。
we can ce the demand for new clothes and extend the lifespan of地existing ones。
which XXX.In n。
I am excited about your new app and I am XXX it by分享XXX more students can join us and together we can build a共sustainable and friendly community where we can share our happiness and protect the同XXX。
Thank you for your effort and I am looking forward to using your app.Sincerely yours。
Li HuaDear all。
I am Wang Lei。
a student from Mingqi High School。
I am thrilled to hear that our school is XXX in the library。
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2017~2019年上海高考真题汇编—概要写作2019年秋考Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Being among the first to try out a new piece of technology is cool. When you’re the only member of your social circle with the latest hot device, people stare in fascination. However, people tend to underestimate the costs of this temporary coolness, which they pay in more ways than one.Frankly speaking, early adoption is a bad investment. The earliest versions of devices are not only expensive, they are also the most expensive that those devices will ever be. Companies are attempting to recover the cost of production as fast as they can, and once the profits from early adopters’ purchases are safely in their hands, they can cut the price and shift to the next marketing phase: selling the product to everyone else. This is why the cost of the original iPhone dropped about $200 only eight months after its release.Those who are first to leap into a new technology also risk wasting money and time on something that will never catch on. In 2006, HD DVDs, a new format（制式）for video, entered the market. A few eager consumers bought HD DVD players that were discontinued in early 2008. The early adopters were then stuck with pricey devices that just sat on their shelves collecting dust.Another good reason to resist the early adoption temptation is that the first version of a product typically has imperfections. For example, when Microsoft’s game machine, Xbox One, was first released in 2013, users immediately began to complain of problems. Devoted gamers worked to find and share solutions to these issues. Such problems are so common with new technology that early adopters are basically unpaid testers.So don’t join the first wave of consumers who invest in the latest version of device; instead, wait and see.参考答案：It is unwise to be early users of the latest devices. Firstly, the devices, when launched, are often overpriced because companies want to get back the cost quickly. Secondly, what you have bought can be2019年春考Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Where are the bees?Bees are essential to the production of food we eat. Bees make honey, but they also pollinate（给...授花粉）large areas of crops, such as strawberries, apples and onions. About a third of the food we eat is a result of pollination of the bees. Unfortunately, bees have been disappearing at an alarming rate.In 2006, beekeepers started reporting about something called Colony Collapse Disaster (CCD). The main sign of CCD is the loss of adult honey bees from a hive（蜂巢）. In October of 2006, some beekeepers reported that they had lost between 30 and 90 percent of their hives.There were many theories of the disappearance of the bees. But the most convincing one has to do with pesticides（杀虫剂）and lifestyles of bees today. Nowadays, beekeepers get most of their income not from producing honey but from renting bees to pollinate plants. This means that the life of the typical bee now consists of traveling all around the country to pollinate crops as the seasons change. That means a lot of traveling on trucks, which is very stressful to bees. It is not unusual for up to 30% of the hive to die during transport due to stress. In addition, bees that spend most of their time locked up on trucks are not exposed to what usually live on. Instead, they live on a sweet liquid from corn, usually polluted with pesticides.No one knows for sure what causes bees to disappear, but losing bees is very costly for the economy. Bee pollination services are worth over $8 billion a year. With no bees, pollination will have to be done by hand, which would affect the quality of food and increase food prices. We hear a lot about big environmental disasters almost every day. But one of the biggest may just be the loss of that tiny flying insect.参考答案：Bees are disappearing rapidly. The most persuasive explanation is related to pesticides and their current lifestyle. Now bees have to travel around as beekeepers rent them for pollination. On the way, they may die from stress or food on a diet polluted by pesticides. Whatever the cause, the loss of gees does great harm to the economy. (57w)评分标准：内容5分：包含三个要点（见3分），并对三个要点中的两个进行说明，如1.Now bees have to travel around as beekeepers rent them for pollination.2.They may die from stress on the way.3.They may feed on a diet polluted by pesticides on the way.4分：包含三个要点，并对三个要点中的一个进行说明或包含两个要点，并对两个要点进行说明3分：包含三个要点：1.蜜蜂消失这一现象2.蜜蜂消失的原因3.蜜蜂消失对经济的影响包含两个要点，并对一个要点进行说明2分：包含两个要点1分：包含一个要点语言：1.61-66个词，扣1分；超过66词，扣2分2.连续5个单词抄自原文，扣1分，不重复扣分。