高中英语Module5EthnicCultureSectionⅢGrammar_过去分词作状语和短语动词教学案外研版选修

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高中英语Module5EthnicCultureSectionⅢGrammar—过去分词作状语短语动词教案(含解析)外研版选修7

Section Ⅲ Grammar —过去分词作状语短语动词语法图解探究发现①Seen from above, the old town is a maze of canals, little bridges and tiny cobbled streets that tourists get lost in.②Not invited, he became very disappointed.③Completely rebuilt, the town would not be so interesting.④Beaten by the opposite team, we didn't lose heart and encouraged each other.⑤Aunt Wu came in, followed by her daughter.⑥The old town is on the side of a mountain and opposite it is the 5,500 metre Yulong Xueshan Mountain, its peak covered with snow.⑦A big fire broke out last night in that village.⑧When he read the book, he came across many new words.[我的发现](1)①～⑤句中，黑体部分均在句中作状语，分别表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随。

(2)由②句可知，过去分词作状语时，其否定形式通常是在过去分词前加not。

(3)⑥句中分词作状语，有自己独立的主语，这叫独立主格结构。

(4)⑦⑧句中黑体部分为短语动词。

一、过去分词(短语)作状语1．过去分词(短语)在句中作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、方式、让步、结果。

2．过去分词(短语)在句中作状语表示动作的完成和被动。

高中英语 Module 5 Ethnic Culture-Section 3 Words and Expressions素材外研版选修7

Module 5 Ethnic CultureSection 3 Words and Expressions from Module 5 Ethnic Cultureethnic adj.1 of a national or racial group of people:A question on ethnic origin was included in the census.The factory’s workforce reflects the ethnic mix from which it draws its labour.Conflicts between the different ethnic groups in the country exploded into civil war.2 from a different race or interesting because characteristic of an ethnic group which is very different from those that are mon in western culture:ethnic foodethnic costumediverse adj.varied or different:Students from countries as diverse as Colombia and Lithuania use Cambridge textbooks when they learn English.New York is a very culturally/ethnically diverse city.people from diverse culturesMy interests are very diverse.native adj.1 [before noun] relating to or describing someone's country or place of birth or someone who was born in a particular country or place:She returned to live and work in her native Japan.She’s a native Califor nian.2 describes plants and animals which grow naturally in a place, and have not been brought there from somewhere else:Henderson Island in the Pacific has more than 55 species of native flowering plants.The horse is not native to America - it was introduced by the Spanish.3 [before noun] relating to the first people to live in an area:The Aborigines are the native inhabitants of Australia.the native populationnative customs and traditions4 your native language/tongue the first language that you learn:French is his native tongue.5 [before noun] A native ability or characteristic is one that a person or thing has naturally and is part of their basic character:his native witvaried adj.containing or changing between several different things or types:a varied group of peoplea lengthy and varied careerWith its varied climate, the country attracts both winter and summer sports enthusiasts.run v.1 [I or T] to (cause to) operate:Keep clear of the machines while they’re running.The government took desperate measures to keep the economy running.Do you know how to run this sort of machinery?The mechanic asked me to run (= switch on and allow to work) the engine for a minute.They had the new puter system up and running (= working) within an hour.We’ve run the puter program, but nothing happens.We’re running (= doing) an experiment.2 [T] to be in control of:He’s been running a restaurant/his own pany since he left school.The local college runs (= provides) a course in self-defence.a well-run/badly-run organization/business/course3 [T] If you run a car, you own one, drive it and pay for the costs:I can’t afford to run a car.4 [T] to organize the way you live or work:Some people run their lives according to the movements of the stars.inherit v.to receive money, a house, etc. from someone after they have died:Who will inherit the house when he dies?All her children will inherit equally.She inherited a fortune from her father.policies inherited from the previous administrationcustom n.a way of behaving or a belief which has been established for a long time:a local/ancient custom[+ to infinitive] In my country, it’s the custom (for women) to get married in white.splash v.1 [I or T; usually + adverb or preposition] If a liquid splashes or if you splash a liquid, it falls on or hits sth. or someone:Water was splashing from a hole in the roof.Unfortunately some paint splashed onto the rug.She splashed her face with cold water.She poured a large gin and splashed soda into it from a siphon.2 [I usually + adverb or preposition] to move in water so that drops of it go in all directions: The kids were splashing (about/around) in the shallow end of the swimming pool.farmn.1 an area of land, together with house and buildings, used for growing crops and/or keeping animals as a business:a dairy/arable farmfarm animalsfresh farm producefarm workers2 a place where a particular type of animal is raised in large numbers to be sold:a sheep/fish/mink farmv. to use land for growing crops and/or raising animals as a business:The Stamfords have farmed this land for over a hundred years.lame adj.(especially of animals) not able to walk correctly because of physical injury to or weakness in the legs or feetThe horse went lame.firm adj.1 well fixed in place or position:The bridge provided a firm platform for the bungee jumpers.2 fixed at the same level or opinion and not changing:The government remains firm in its opposition to tax reform.rigid adj.stiff or fixed; not able to be bent, moved, changed or persuaded:a rigid steel and concrete structureI was rigid with (= stiff and unable to move because of) fear.DISAPPROVING We were disappointed that they insisted on such a rigid interpretation of the rules. fasten v.1 to (cause sth. to) bee firmly fixed together, or in position, or closed:Make sure your seat belt is securely fastened.This shirt fastens at the back.2 fasten sth. on/to/together, etc. to fix one thing to another:I fastened the sticker to the windscreen.fold v.1 [I or T] to bend sth., especially paper or cloth, so that one part of it lies on the other part, or to be able to be bent in this way:I folded the letter (in half) and put it in an envelope.He had a neatly folded handkerchief in his jacket pocket.Will you help me to fold (up) the sheets?2 [T] to wrap:She folded her baby in a blanket.He folded his arms around her.3 fold your arms to bring your arms close to your chest and hold them together4 [T] to move a part of your body into a position where it is close to your body:She sat with her legs folded under her.adjust v.1 to change sth. slightly, especially to make it more correct, effective, or suitable:If the chair is too high you can adjust it to suit you.As a teacher you have to adjust your methods to suit the needs of slower children.2 to arrange your clothing to make yourself look tidy:She adjusted her skirt, took a deep breath and walked into the room.furnish v.1 to provide with furniture; to put furniture in:They’ve furnished the r oom very simply.2 to provide someone with sth.:Furnished with maps, a pass and sandwiches, they set off for a day’s hiking.awkward adj.difficult to use, do, or deal with:It’s an awkward corner to drive round, so take it slowly.Some of the questions were rather awkward.It was an awkward ascent, but we reached the top eventually.[+ to infinitive] My car’s quite awkward to drive.He’s an awkward customer (= a difficult person to deal with).pierce v.1 [I + adverb or preposition; T] to go into or through sth., making a hole in it using a sharp point:The needle pierces the fabric four times a second.I couldn’t wear these earrings because my ears aren’t pierced.The gun fires a shell capable of piercing the armour of an enemy tank.The hole they drilled pierces 6 km into the earth’s crust.2 [T] (of a light, sound, etc.) to suddenly be seen or heard, despite darkness, noise, etc:A few rays of sunlight pierced the smoke.piercing adj.1 going through or into sth.:Troops have been issued with new armour-piercing anti-tank grenades.FIGURATIVE We shivered in the piercing wind.2 describes a sound that is high, loud and unpleasant:piercing screams3 a piercing criticism/question/remark, etc. a criticism/question/remark, etc. which is unpleasant or unfortable because it is strong or it makes you think about or discuss something which you would prefer not to:She hadn’t really meant to lie, but their piercing questions had forced her to.4 piercing eyes/look/gaze/glance, etc. used to describe when a person looks very carefully at someone or sth., especially when they are trying to discover sth., often making people feel unfortable:Sherlock Holmes gave him a piercing glance.FIGURATIVE He looked straight at me with his piercing blue eyes.。

英语：Module 5《Ethnic Culture》英文教案

Module 5《Ethnic Culture》I．教学内容分析本模块以少数民族的文化为话题，介绍了我国云南省境内纳西族和白族的风情文化以及北美和澳大利亚的土著文化。

通过本模块学习，学生要学会写介绍有关少数民族的文章。

Introduction部分通过学习和复习一些描述少数民族风情、服装和地理位置等信息的词汇，学会简介云南省及其境内少数民族的概况，为本模块的学习奠定基础。

Reading and V ocabulary（1）部分选取了西蒙•韦克菲尔德的四则英文日记，通过一位外国朋友在云南旅游的所见所闻，介绍了丽江古城以及纳西族的风情文化。

让学生完成相关词汇的练习；学会归纳文章的主旨大意；并围绕文章内容，进行听、说、读、写等各项活动。

Grammar（1）部分通过观察课文中的例句，要求学生掌握过去分词短语作状语及其与状语从句的转换。

Speaking部分是阅读课文后所展开的一项活动，要求学生总结从阅读课文汲取的有关丽江和纳西族人的信息，展开讨论，在口头表达中熟练运用虚拟语气。

Listening and V ocabulary部分听取一段关于西双版纳、泼水节的对话，培养学生准确获取有效信息、完成相关练习的能力。

Grammar（2）部分的短语来自Listening and V ocabulary，让学生通过回顾录音内容，正确理解短语的意义，然后通过练习进一步巩固。

Everyday English部分选取听力材料中和主题文段相关的常见的和典型的英语习惯用语组成对话，通过补全对话的形式使学生熟练掌握这几个表达。

Speaking and Function 部分通过复习听力材料中的短语，要求学生正确运用常见的表示询问更多信息的口语表达法。

Reading and V ocabulary（2）部分是一篇介绍白族文化的文章，通过快速阅读，培养学生捕捉重点信息，把握细节信息的能力，并为本模块的写作做好铺垫。

Writing 部分通过阅读课文中提供的有关信息，模仿Reading and Vocabulary（2）有关描写白族文化的写作结构，写一篇介绍少数民族—基诺族的文章。

高中英语·Module5·Ethnic·culture-完整版PPT课件

7. inherit v.
inherit sth. from… (1) 继承（传统、遗产、权力等） inherit the glorious revolutionary tradition (2) 经遗传而得（性格、特征等） He inherited his father’s bad temper.
9. fall 的短语
fall for (1) 上...的当; 受...的骗 (2) 爱上...
fall into the habit of 养成…的习惯(坏习惯)
night/darkness/dusk falls
夜幕降临
fall on (特殊事件/庆典)发生在(某一天)
fall behind 落后
a piece/set of furniture
put off 延迟; 推迟= delay doing sth
11. put 短语
put away 把…收拾起来
put on (1) 穿上 (2) 表演 (3) 增加体重 (4) 提高(价格/速度)
put out (1) 扑灭 (2) 关灯 (3)发布,公布 = give out (4) 伸出 (5) 出版 = come out (vi.)
1.minority
n. (1) 少数民族(复数形式)
People from ethnic minorities often face prejudice and discrimination.
(2) 少数(单数形式) be in the/a minority of 占少数
Boys are very much in the minority at the dance class.
My parents had trouble adjusting to living

高中英语Module5EthnicCultureSectionⅢIntegratingSkills

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随堂练习
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2.In the distance was an ox working in a field.(Page 67) 远处,有一头牛在田间劳作。剖析地点状语in the distance置于句首,句子完全倒装。 ★考点 in the distance 在远处 ①I could see the faint gleam of light in the distance. 我能看见远处微弱的灯光。考点延伸 (1)辨析:in the distance/at a distance at a distance常指“拉开些距离,不要太近”,而in the distance常用来指“在远处,在远方”。 ②The oil painting looks much better at a distance. ③We watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.
高中英语Module5EthnicCultureSectionⅢIntegratingSkills课件外研版选修7
2021/4/17
高中英语Module5EthnicCultureSectionⅢIntegratingSkills课件外研版选修7
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Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills
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新知导学
答疑解惑
随堂练习
一二三四
一、英汉配对 1.apparently 2.foolish me 4.firm 5.fasten 6.loose 7.fold 8.adjust 9.furnish 10.awkward 答案:1—c 2—a 9—j 10—i

2015_2016高中英语Module5EthnicCultureSectionⅢGrammar

Module 5 Ethnic Culture Section Ⅲ Grammar & WritingⅠ.用所给单词的适当形式填空1．________ (dress) in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.2．________ (put) into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdown.3．________ (attract) by the beauty of nature, the girl decided to spend another two weeks on the farm.4．________ (look) out of the window, I saw some children playing hideandseek.5．He went to bed ________ (drink), and when he woke up, he found he still had his shoes on.6．He had an accident ________ (drive) to work yesterday.7．________ (build) in Tang Dynasty, the temple is one of the famous places of interest in the city.8．________ (bear) in a poor family, he had only two years of schooling.9．Deeply ________ (move), Tom thanked them again and again.10．________ (write) in a hurry, this article was not so good.答案：1.Dressed 2.Put 3.Attracted 4.Looking5．drunk 6.driving 7.Built 8.Born 9.moved10．WrittenⅡ.用适当的介、副词填空1．She's having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesn't know whom to turn ________.2．Though he met a difficult problem, he managed to get it ________ at last.3．The final exam is coming up soon. It's time for us to get ________ to our studies.4．Bill Gates decided to give ________ parts of his fortune.5．Hearing the voice of help outside, he put on his coat and rushed ________.6．The society today offers the young generation more chances to show ________ their talent and skills.7．Let's work together to cope ________ the present challenge.8．His success depended ________ his hard work.答案：1.to 2.over 3.down 4.away 5.out 6.off7．with 8.onⅢ.句型转换1．Shown around the city, we were impressed by the city's new look.(表时间) ________________， we were impressed by the city's new look.2．Tired out, they stopped to have a rest.(表原因)________________， they stopped to have a rest.3．Considered from this point of view, the question will be of great importance.(表条件)________________， the question will be of great importance.4．Warned of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.(表让步)________________， he still went skating on the thin ice.5．The professor entered, followed by his students.(表伴随)The professor entered, ________________.答案：1．After we had been shown around the city2．Because they were tired out3．If it was considered from this point of view4．Though he was warned of the danger5．and was followed by his studentsⅣ.单句改错1．The boy rushed into the room, his right hand held a book and his face covered with sweat.________________________________________________________________________ 2．Some of the people inviting to the party can't come.________________________________________________________________________ 3．As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flowers buying by her mother.________________________________________________________________________ 4．The boy sat there, his right hand being raised.________________________________________________________________________ 5．More time to be given, we could have done it better.________________________________________________________________________ 6．Having marked with the month and the year, the book was put on the bookshelf.________________________________________________________________________ 答案：1.held→holding 2.inviting→invited 3.buying→bought 4.去掉being 5.去掉to be 6.Having marked→Marked或Having后加beenⅤ.语法填空Williams: Hello, Mrs. Lincoln. I'm wondering if I could join the wonderful book club.Lincoln: Of course. You should fill out the __1__ (apply) form first. You are Mr....Williams: Williams, Tom Williams.Lincoln: Sure. You work as.Williams: I am a sales agent __2__ a big book fan. I am excited about joining the Club. What can we do here?Lincoln: __3__ club members, we normally pick out one book together, everybody reads the book and then we gather and talk about it. And may I know __4__ is your favourite type of book?Williams: Detective stories.Lincoln: OK, we will take every member's preferences into consideration when __5__ (choose) books.Williams: And how about membership fees?Lincoln: __6__ (actual) we gather at my place and each time members bring along some snacks themselves so there are almost no fees for those. Most of the membership fees __7__ (use) pay for the books,35 pounds a year.Williams: I see. That's reasonable. And what are you reading now?Lincoln: We are now reading a book __8__ (name) Flight Behavior. But it's __9__ to do with airplanes. It's a fiction.Williams: What a coincidence! I'm reading __10__ book too.答案：1.application 2.and 3.As 4.what 5.choosing 6.Actually 7.are used to d 9.nothing10．theⅥ.阅读理解The Korean ethnic group is distributed mainly over the northeast of China, including Jilin Province, Liaoning Province and Heilongjiang Province. Other Korean people disseminate(散布) in some cities in other parts of China, such as the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The Korean ethnic group of China migrated from the Korean Peninsula(半岛) in the 17th century. They have their own language and characters.Korean people develop agriculture and forestry, and they fish. They are well known for producing paddies (稻谷) and tobacco.Korean people are good at singing and dancing. The men like wrestling and playing soccer, while the women play at seesaw and have a swing.Korean people respect the elderly. Young people are not permitted to drink or smoke in front of an elderly person. They are not allowed to borrow fire from the elder when smoking, otherwise it would be regarded as a disrespectful act. When walking together, the young must follow the senior. If there is an emergency, the young needs to explain the reason to the senior. Upon meeting, the young should give way to the senior. Honorifics(敬语) are necessary in the conversation between the young and the senior.There are fixed places for the chopsticks, bowls on the table. The chopsticks should be put on the right side of the diner, the rice bowl on the left, the soup on the right and the condiments(调味品) in the middle. Dog meat is forbidden during weddings and festivals.1．What is the best title of the passage?A. Where do Korean people disseminateB. Korean Ethnic GroupC. Korean people respect the elderlyD. Korean people's table manners答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。

2018_2019学年高中英语module5ethnicculturesectionⅢgramm

Section Ⅲ Grammar-过去分词（短语）作状语及短语动词[语法初识]一、过去分词(短语)作状语过去分词(短语)作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随等情况。

这类状语可放在句首、句中或句末，并可扩展为一个从句或并列分句。

1．过去分词(短语)作时间状语Asked her future plans, the girl said that she wanted to be a teacher.当被问到未来的计划时，这个女孩说她想成为一名教师。

Lost in the forest, you should first of all remain where you are, waiting for help to come.当你在森林里迷路的时候，首先你应该待在原地，等待救援的到来。

2．过去分词(短语)作原因状语Frightened by the tiger, the girl didn't dare to sleep alone.因为被老虎吓着了，这个女孩不敢单独睡觉。

The child learns fast, well brought up by his parents.由于受到父母良好的教育，这个孩子学得很快。

3．过去分词(短语)作条件状语Often blamed by the teacher, the students will lose heart.如果经常挨老师批评，学生们就会失去信心。

Given more time, we would do it much better.如果再多给点时间，我们就能做得更好。

4．过去分词(短语)作让步状语Left at home, John didn't feel afraid at all.虽然约翰被单独留在家里，但是他一点都不害怕。

Invited, I won't go to the party.即使被邀请，我也不去参加聚会。

外研版选修7Module5EthnicCulture--grammar1课件

①表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。
Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. 从山顶上看，这个城市就像一个大花园。
Accepted by the party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the party. 入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。
the little boy was so frightened as to cry.
过去分词短语单独作状语时，它的逻辑主
语一般必须与句子的主语一致。但如下：我跑进教室，满脸是土。
I rushed into the classroom,
__m_y__fa_c_e__c_o_v_e_r_e_d_w__it_h___ (cover) dust.
⑤表方式或伴随情况。过去分词作方式状语或表示伴随情况，用来说明动作产生的背景或情况。一般情况下，分词所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时产生，它可在句首、句末，间或在句中。
Seated at the table, my father and I were talking about my job. 我和父亲坐在桌子旁边讨论着我的工作问题。
A. given
B. to give
3.The murderer was brought in, with his hands behind his back.
A. being tied
B. having tied
C. to be tied
D. tied
4. The computer center, last year, is very popular among the students in this school.

Module 5 Ethnic Culture-Grammar1

Module 5 Ethnic Culture-GrammarPeriod 3 Grammar (1) -- v-ed form as adverbials■Goals●To learn about the v-ed form as adverbials■ProceduresStep 1: 过去分词作状语1. 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动作.(1) Written in a hurry, this article was not so good! 因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好.【注意】written 为过去分词作状语,表示这篇文章是被写的,而且已经被写. 值得注意的是,有些过去分词因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表被动而表主动.这样的过去分词及短语常见的有: lost (迷路); seated (坐); hidden (躲); stationed (驻扎); lost / absorbed in (沉溺于); born (出身于); dressed in (穿着); tired of (厌烦).(2) Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound.因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音.2. 过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语,此时应注意人称一致.(1) Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.再给我一个小时,我也能解这道题.(given 为过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语为主句主语 I ,即 I 被再给一个小时.)(2)_ Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮.(seen 为过去分词作状语,表"被看",由语境可知,它的逻辑主语必须是城市,而不是"我们",因为"我们"应主动看城市.)【注意】如果过去分词作状语时,前面再加逻辑主语,主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语,这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构.(1) The signal given, the bus started. 信一发出,汽车就开动了.(the signal 是 given 的逻辑主语,因此主句主语 the bus 就不是given 的逻辑主语.(2) Her head held high, she went by. 她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去.(her head 是 held high 的逻辑主语,因此主句主语 she 就不再是held high 的逻辑主语.)3. 过去分词作状语来源于状语从句.(1) Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了. (caught in a heavy rain 为过去分词短语作原因状语,它来源于原因状语从句 Because he was caught in a heavy rain.)(2)_Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快.( grown in rich soil 为过去分词作条件状语,它来源于条件状语从句 If these seeds are grown in rich soil.【注意】状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词,构成"连词+过去分词"结构作状语.When given a medical examination, you should keep calm. 当你做体格检查时要保持镇定.4. 过去分词作状语的位置.过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语,后面有逗与主句隔开;也可放在主句后面,前面有逗与主句隔开.He stood there silently, moved to tears. = Moved to tears, he stood there silently. 他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶.Step 2: Read the sentences and underline the V-ed forms(a) Spoken by fewer and fewer people these days, the Naxi language may disappear in the future. (because)(b) Seen from above, the old town is a maze of canals, little bridges and tiny streets. (when)(c) Passed from father to son, the music has not changed for eight centuries. (because)(d) Looked at from a distance, the Xishan Hills resemble a sleeping beauty. (when)(e) pletely rebuilt, the town would not be so interesting. (if)Step 3: Rewrite the sentences, beginning with the words given aboveStep 4: plete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the box1) When _____ in spring, the hills are covered with flowers.2) _______ as one of the loveliest places in China, Yunnan is now visited by many tourists.3) _______ in the tiny streets, we decided to ask for help.4) _______ into a Naxi home, you should accept with pleasure.5) If _______ something you don’t want to eat, just refuse politely.Step 5: Write plete sentences with the correct form of the words1. discover/ only recently/ old town/ be/ still very quiet2. visit/ large numbers/ tourists/ old town/ can get very crowded3. build/ side/ mountain/ village/ be /very attractive4. cook/ traditional way/ food/ be delicious。

Module 5 Ethnic Culture-Section 3 Words and Expressions

Module 5 Ethnic CultureSection 3Words and Expressions from Module 5 Ethnic Culture ethnic adj.1of a national or racial group of people:A question on ethnic origin was included in the census.The factory’s workforce reflects the ethnic mix from which it draws its labour.Conflicts between the different ethnic groups in the country exploded into civil war.2from a different race or interesting because characteristic of an ethnic group which is very different from those that are common in western culture:ethnic foodethnic costumediverse adj.varied or different:Students from countries as diverse as Colombia and Lithuania use Cambridge textbooks when they learn English.New York is a very culturally/ethnically diverse city.people from diverse culturesMy interests are very diverse.native adj.1[before noun]relating to or describing someone's country or place of birth or someone who was born in a particular country or place: She returned to live and work in her native Japan.She’s a native Californian.2describes plants and animals which grow naturally in a place, and have not been brought there from somewhere else:Henderson Island in the Pacific has more than 55 species of native flowering plants.The horse is not native to America - it was introduced by theSpanish.3[before noun]relating to the first people to live in an area:The Aborigines are the native inhabitants of Australia.the native populationnative customs and traditions4your native language/tongue the first language that you learn: French is his native tongue.5[before noun]A native ability or characteristic is one that a person or thing has naturally and is part of their basic character: his native witvaried adj.containing or changing between several different things or types:a varied group of peoplea lengthy and varied careerWith its varied climate, the country attracts both winter and summer sports enthusiasts.run v.1[I or T]to (cause to> operate:Keep clear of the machines while they’re running.The government took desperate measures to keep the economy running.Do you know how to run this sort of machinery?The mechanic asked me to run (= switch on and allow to work> the engine for a minute.They had the new computer system up and running (= working> within an hour.We’ve r un the computer program, but nothing happens.We’re running (= doing> an experiment.2[T]to be in control of:He’s been running a restaurant/his own company since he left school.The local college runs (= provides> a course in self-defence.a well-run/badly-run organization/business/course3[T]If you run a car, you own one, drive it and pay for the costs:I can’t afford to run a car.4[T]to organize the way you live or work:Some people run their lives according to the movements of the stars.inherit v.to receive money, a house, etc. from someone after they have died:Who will inherit the house when he dies?All her children will inherit equally.She inherited a fortune from her father.policies inherited from the previous administrationcustom n.a way of behaving or a belief which has been established for a long time:a local/ancient custom[+ to infinitive] In my country, it’s the custom (for women> to get married in white. splash v.1[I or T; usually + adverb or preposition]If a liquid splashes or if you splash aliquid, it falls on or hits sth. or someone:Water was splashing from a hole in the roof.Unfortunately some paint splashed onto the rug.She splashed her face with cold water.She poured a large gin and splashed soda into it from a siphon.2[I usually + adverb or preposition]to move in water so that drops of it go in all directions:The kids were splashing (about/around> in the shallow end of the swimming pool.farmn.1an area of land, together with house and buildings, used for growing crops and/orkeeping animals as a business:a dairy/arable farmfarm animalsfresh farm producefarm workers2a place where a particular type of animal is raised in large numbers to be sold:a sheep/fish/mink farmv. to use land for growing crops and/or raising animals as a business:The Stamfords have farmed this land for over a hundred years.lame adj.(especially of animals> not able to walk correctly because of physical injury to orweakness in the legs or feetThe horse went lame.firm adj.1well fixed in place or position:The bridge provided a firm platform for the bungee jumpers.2fixed at the same level or opinion and not changing:The government remains firm in its opposition to tax reform.rigid adj.stiff or fixed; not able to be bent, moved, changed or persuaded:a rigid steel and concrete structureI was rigid with(= stiff and unable to move because of> fear.DISAPPROVING We were disappointed that they insisted on such a rigid interpretation of the rules.fasten v.1to (cause sth. to> become firmly fixed together, or in position, or closed:Make sure your seat belt is securely fastened.This shirt fastens at the back.2fasten sth. on/to/together, etc. to fix one thing to another:I fastened the sticker to the windscreen.fold v.1[I or T]to bend sth., especially paper or cloth, so that one part of it lies on the other part, or to be able to be bent in this way:I folded the letter (in half> and put it in an envelope.He had a neatly folded handkerchief in his jacket pocket.Will you help me to fold (up> the sheets?2[T]to wrap:She folded her baby in a blanket.He folded his arms around her.3fold your arms to bring your arms close to your chest and hold them together4[T]to move a part of your body into a position where it is close to your body:She sat with her legs folded under her.adjust v.1to change sth. slightly, especially to make it more correct, effective, or suitable:If the chair is too high you can adjust it to suit you.As a teacher you have to adjust your methods to suit the needs of slower children.2to arrange your clothing to make yourself look tidy:She adjusted her skirt, took a deep breath and walked into the room.furnish v.1 to provide with furniture; to put furniture in:They’ve furnished the room very simply.2 to provide someone with sth.:Furnished with maps, a compass and sandwiches, they set off for a day’s hiking.awkward adj.difficult to use, do, or deal with:It’s an awkward corner to drive round, so take it slowly.Some of the questions were rather awkward.It was an awkward ascent, but we reached the top eventually.[+ to infinitive] My car’s quite awkward to drive.He’s an awkward customer(= a difficult person to deal with>.pierce v.1[I+ adverb or preposition; T]to go into or through sth., making a hole in it using a sharp point:The needle pierces the fabric four times a second.I couldn’t wear these earrings because my ears aren’t pierced.The gun fires a shell capable of piercing the armour of an enemy tank.The hole they drilled pierces 6 km into the earth’s crust.2[T](of a light, sound, etc.> to suddenly be seen or heard, despite darkness, noise, etc:A few rays of sunlight pierced the smoke.piercing adj.1going through or into sth.:Troops have been issued with new armour-piercing anti-tank grenades.FIGURATIVE We shivered in the piercing wind.2describes a sound that is high, loud and unpleasant:piercing screams3a piercing criticism/question/remark, etc. a criticism/question/remark, etc. which is unpleasant or uncomfortable because it is strong or it makes you think about or discuss something which you would prefer not to:She hadn’t really meant to lie, but their piercing questions had forced her to.4piercing eyes/look/gaze/glance, etc. used to describe when a person looks very carefully at someone or sth., especially when they are trying to discover sth., often making people feel uncomfortable:Sherlock Holmes gave him a piercing glance.FIGURATIVE He looked straight at me with his piercing blue eyes.申明：所有资料为本人收集整理，仅限个人学习使用，勿做商业用途.。

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Module 5 Ethnic Culture Section Ⅲ Grammar-过去分词作状语和短语动词语法图解探究发现①Seen from above, the old town is a maze of canals, little bridges and tiny cobbled streets that tourists get lost in.②Not invited, he became very disappointed.③Completely rebuilt, the town would not be so interesting.④Beaten by the opposite team, we didn’t lose heart and encouraged each other.⑤Aunt Wu came in, followed by her daughter.⑥The old town is on the side of a mountain and opposite it is the 5,500 metre Yulong Xueshan Mountain, its peak covered with snow.⑦A big fire broke out last night in that village.⑧When he read the book, he came across many new words.[我的发现](1)①～⑤句中，黑体部分均在句中作状语，分别表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随。

(2)由②句可知，过去分词作状语时，其否定形式通常是在分词前加not。

(3)⑥句中分词作状语，有自己独立的主语，这叫独立主格结构。

(4)⑦⑧句中黑体部分为短语动词。

一、过去分词(短语)作状语1．定义及物动词的过去分词作状语，表示被动和完成的意义，功能上相当于一个表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步和方式等的状语从句，其逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致。

(1)过去分词作时间状语时，可转换为when, while, after或before引导的时间状语从句。

Asked (＝When she was asked) her future plans, the girl said that she wanted to be a teacher.当问到未来的计划时，这个女孩说她想成为一名教师。

(2)过去分词作原因状语时，可转换为as, since, because等引导的原因状语从句。

Frightened (＝Because/As she was frightened) by the tiger, the girl didn’t dare to sleep alone.因为被老虎吓着了，这个女孩不敢单独睡觉。

(3)过去分词作条件状语时，可转换为if, unless或once等引导的条件状语从句。

Grown (＝If these seeds are grown) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。

Given (＝If we were given) more time, we could do it better.如果给我们更多时间的话，我们可以做得更好。

[名师点津] 此句中的given在许多语法书中作为介词处理。

(4)过去分词作让步状语时，可转换为although, though或even if等引导的让步状语从句。

Left (＝Although he was left) at home, John didn’t feel afraid at all.虽然John被单独留在家里， (但是)他一点都不害怕。

(5)过去分词作状语表示伴随、方式或状态时，不能转换为状语从句，但是可转换为并列谓语或并列分句。

The teacher entered the classroom, followed(＝and he was followed) by a group of students.老师进入教室，后面跟着一群学生。

(6)作方式状语，如有连词 as if，就转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；也可以转换为并列结构。

He began to cry as if bitten by a snake.＝He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake.他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。

(7)过去分词作结果状语(相当于结果状语从句)。

He failed in the competition, blamed by his companions.＝He failed in the competition, so that he was blamed by his companions.他在比赛中失败了，受到了同伴的责备。

[名师点津] 过去分词(短语)作时间、条件或让步状语时，为了明确其意义，有时可在过去分词(短语)前加上when, while, if, once, unless, although等连词，即我们通常所说的状语从句的省略。

If merely drawn on your imagination, the report will not be convincing.假如仅靠你的想象去描绘，报告是不会有说服力的。

Once (it is) seen, it will not be forgotten.只要看见了就不会忘记它。

[即时演练1](1)句型转换①Because she was born in a poor family, Nadia had only two years of schooling.→Borninapoorfamily,_Nadia had only two years of schooling.②Though he is en couraged by his parents, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties.→Encouragedbyhisparents,_he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties.③The patient got off the bed, supported by the nurse.→The patient wassupportedbythenurse and got off the bed.(2)完成句子①(2016·北京高考改编)Ordered_over_a_week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.这些书是一个多星期以前订购的，现在有望随时到货。

②Caught_in_a_heavy_rain,_he was all wet.因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。

③Watered_more,_these cabbages could have grown better.如果多浇点水，这些大白菜还可以长的更好。

④(安徽高考改编)Founded_in_the_early_20th_century,_the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.这所建于20世纪初期的学校一直激励孩子们对艺术的热爱。

2．过去分词作状语需注意的几个问题(1)过去分词、现在分词和不定式作状语的区别：一般说来，过去分词作状语，和句子主语是被动关系；现在分词作状语，和句子主语是主动关系；不定式作状语，一般表示目的。

请比较：Seen from the top of the tower, our city looks more beautiful.从塔顶上看，这座城市更漂亮。

(主语the city和see之间是被动关系)Seeing from the top of the tower, we can get a wonderful view of our city.从塔顶我们可以饱览城市的美景。

(主语we和see之间是主动关系)To get a wonderful view of our city, we climbed to the top of the tower.为了饱览城市的美景，我们爬上了塔顶。

(不定式表示目的)(2)过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语必须保持一致，请体会下列例句：当被问及为什么会迟到时，她的脸涨得通红。

①Asked why she was late, her face went red.(×)②Asked why she was late, she went red in the face.(√)小偷如果被抓，会受到警方的惩处。

①If caught, the police will punish the thief. (×)②If caught, the thief will be punished by the police. (√)(3)有些分词已成为固定结构，当使用时应按固定结构对待，不必考虑它们与主语的关系。

常见的有以下几种：judging by/from ...“根据……判断；由……断定”； generally/honestly/frankly speaking“一般/老实/坦率说来”；provided (that) ... (＝providing that ...)“假如……；在……条件下”；given ...“倘若……；假定……等”；considering (that) ...“考虑到……”；supposing (that) ...“如果……”Judging by/from his accent, he must be from the South.从他的口音判断，他一定是南方人。

I will agree to go provided/providing that you go with me.假如你陪我一起去，我就同意去。

(4)独立主格结构分词作状语时其逻辑主语与主句主语应保持一致。

但当分词逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时，分词要有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种主语常常是名词或代词，置于动词ing形式或动词ed形式之前。

这种“名词/代词＋动词ing/动词ed”结构在语法上被称为独立主格结构。

此时分词形式的选择取决于名词/代词与动词ing/动词ed形式所表示动作的逻辑关系，如果它们之间表示主动或动作正在进行，选择现在分词；如果它们之间表示被动或完成，选择过去分词。