《公差原则》PPT课件
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定义——图样上给定的形位公差与尺寸公差相互有 关的公差要求。
Definition——The tolerance requirements that the given geometrical tolerances on drawings relate to size tolerances.
φ30h7 E
drawings are both
independent and satisfy the
requirements
❖ 标注：Label:
不需加注任何符号 There is no
need to add labeling any h
4
symbol
h
5
h
6
2.相关原则 Relative principles
Actuawk.baidu.com material is maximum:The posseshsed
11
3 最小实体状态（尺寸）Least material condition(size)
v 最小实体状态（LMC）：Least material condition(LMC) 实际要素在给定长度上,处处位于极限尺寸间，并具
with actual external surface exhternally.
9
dfe da1 da2 da3 dfi Dfe Da1 Da2 Da3 Dfi
a) 外表面(轴)
Outside surface(shaft)
b) 内表面(孔) Internal surface(hole)
h
10
2 最大实体状态（尺寸）Maximum material condition (Size) ❖ 最大实体状态（MMC）：Maximum material
❖ 最大实体尺寸（MMS）：Maximum material size 实际要素在最大实体状态下的极限尺寸.The limit
size that the actual elements are in the maximum material condition
DM=Dmin dM=dmax 实体最大：占有材料量最多
h
3
1.独立原则 Independence principles
❖ 定义：Definitions:
图样上给定的每一个尺寸
公差和形位公差要求，均是独
立的，各自满足要求。Each
0.02
3
3
size tolerance and
0
.
0 -0
geometrical tolerance
0
2
requirements given on the
公差原则
Tolerance principles
独立原则 Independence principles
相关原则
包容要求 Envelope requirements 最大实体要求 Maximum material
requirements
最小实体要求 Least material
requirements
h
7
二. 有关术语及定义 Related terms and definitions
1 体外作用尺寸 External mating sizes
Da
体外
External
体内
Internal
Dfe ：在被测要素的给定长度上，与实际内表面体外相接的最大理想面
的直径或宽度。The maximum ideal surface’s diameter or width on the given length of measured elemh ents and connects with actual 8
有实体最小时的状态. The state that actual elements are on the
given lengthes.And each position is between the limit sizes thus containing the minimum material.
v 最小实体尺寸（LMS）：Least material size(LMS) 实际要素在最小实体状态下的极限尺寸. The limit
da 体内
Internal
体外
External
dfe：在被测要素的给定长度上，与实际外表面体外相接的最小理想 面的直径或宽度。The minimum ideal surface’s diameter or
width on the given length of measured elements and connects
4.3 公差原则 Tolerance
principles
GB/T4249-1996
h
1
基本内容：Basic contents:
一． 公差原则
1.Tolerance principles
二． 有关术语及定义 2.Related terms and
definitions
三． 相关原则
3.Related principles
size that the actual elements are in the minimum material condition
DL=Dmax dL=dmin
实体最小：占有材料量最少
Actual material is minimum:Thhe possessed material 12
condition(MMC)
实际要素在给定长度上,处处位于极限
尺寸之间，并具有实体最大时的状态.The state that actual
elements are on the given lengthes.And each position is between the limit sizes thus containing the maximum material.
难点内容： Aporia contents: 相关原则的应用 The applications of related principles
h
2
一.公差原则 1. Tolerance principles
处理形位公差和尺寸公差之间关系的规定。 The regulations to solve the relationships between geometrical tolerances and dimensional tolerances
Definition——The tolerance requirements that the given geometrical tolerances on drawings relate to size tolerances.
φ30h7 E
drawings are both
independent and satisfy the
requirements
❖ 标注：Label:
不需加注任何符号 There is no
need to add labeling any h
4
symbol
h
5
h
6
2.相关原则 Relative principles
Actuawk.baidu.com material is maximum:The posseshsed
11
3 最小实体状态（尺寸）Least material condition(size)
v 最小实体状态（LMC）：Least material condition(LMC) 实际要素在给定长度上,处处位于极限尺寸间，并具
with actual external surface exhternally.
9
dfe da1 da2 da3 dfi Dfe Da1 Da2 Da3 Dfi
a) 外表面(轴)
Outside surface(shaft)
b) 内表面(孔) Internal surface(hole)
h
10
2 最大实体状态（尺寸）Maximum material condition (Size) ❖ 最大实体状态（MMC）：Maximum material
❖ 最大实体尺寸（MMS）：Maximum material size 实际要素在最大实体状态下的极限尺寸.The limit
size that the actual elements are in the maximum material condition
DM=Dmin dM=dmax 实体最大：占有材料量最多
h
3
1.独立原则 Independence principles
❖ 定义：Definitions:
图样上给定的每一个尺寸
公差和形位公差要求，均是独
立的，各自满足要求。Each
0.02
3
3
size tolerance and
0
.
0 -0
geometrical tolerance
0
2
requirements given on the
公差原则
Tolerance principles
独立原则 Independence principles
相关原则
包容要求 Envelope requirements 最大实体要求 Maximum material
requirements
最小实体要求 Least material
requirements
h
7
二. 有关术语及定义 Related terms and definitions
1 体外作用尺寸 External mating sizes
Da
体外
External
体内
Internal
Dfe ：在被测要素的给定长度上，与实际内表面体外相接的最大理想面
的直径或宽度。The maximum ideal surface’s diameter or width on the given length of measured elemh ents and connects with actual 8
有实体最小时的状态. The state that actual elements are on the
given lengthes.And each position is between the limit sizes thus containing the minimum material.
v 最小实体尺寸（LMS）：Least material size(LMS) 实际要素在最小实体状态下的极限尺寸. The limit
da 体内
Internal
体外
External
dfe：在被测要素的给定长度上，与实际外表面体外相接的最小理想 面的直径或宽度。The minimum ideal surface’s diameter or
width on the given length of measured elements and connects
4.3 公差原则 Tolerance
principles
GB/T4249-1996
h
1
基本内容：Basic contents:
一． 公差原则
1.Tolerance principles
二． 有关术语及定义 2.Related terms and
definitions
三． 相关原则
3.Related principles
size that the actual elements are in the minimum material condition
DL=Dmax dL=dmin
实体最小：占有材料量最少
Actual material is minimum:Thhe possessed material 12
condition(MMC)
实际要素在给定长度上,处处位于极限
尺寸之间，并具有实体最大时的状态.The state that actual
elements are on the given lengthes.And each position is between the limit sizes thus containing the maximum material.
难点内容： Aporia contents: 相关原则的应用 The applications of related principles
h
2
一.公差原则 1. Tolerance principles
处理形位公差和尺寸公差之间关系的规定。 The regulations to solve the relationships between geometrical tolerances and dimensional tolerances