聚苯乙烯的工艺合成

聚苯乙烯的工艺合成
聚苯乙烯的工艺合成
摘要
可发性聚苯乙烯（Expandable PolyStyrene，简称EPS）通称聚苯乙烯和苯乙烯系共聚物，是一种树脂与物理性发泡剂和其它添加剂的混合物。

可发性PS可被加工成低密度（0．7—10．0ib／ft3）的泡沫塑料剂品。

最常见的发泡性聚苯乙烯是含有作为发泡剂的戊烷的透明PS粒料。

本设计为年产1万吨可发性聚苯乙烯聚合工段工艺设计，反应机理是自由基聚合，采用悬浮聚合工艺，以苯乙烯为单体，水做悬浮介质，采用低温悬浮聚合一步法生产工艺。

此方法是将苯乙烯单体、引发剂、分散剂、水、发泡剂和其他助剂一起加入反应釜内,聚合后得含发泡剂的树脂颗粒,经洗涤、离心分离和干燥,制得可发性聚苯乙烯珠粒产品；在此基础上对聚合工段进行物料衡算、热量衡算、设备选型计算，绘制了带控制点的流程图、平面布置图及配管图，并编制了设计说明书和计算书。

关键词：可发性聚苯乙烯；悬浮聚合；物料衡算；工艺设计
ABSTRACT
Expandable Polystyrene (Expandable PolyStyrene, referred to as EPS) commonly known as the Department of polystyrene and styrene copolymer is a resin with the physical blowing agent and other additives mixture. EPS can be processed into low-density (0.7-10.0ib/ft3) goods of the foam agent. The most common is to be made of polystyrene with n-pentane as a blowing agent aggregates of transparent PS.
The design for the annual production capacity of 10，000 tons can be made of polystyrene polymerization process design section, the reaction mechanism is free radical polymerization, suspension polymerization process used to styrene as monomer,
water suspension medium done using one-step production of low-temperature suspension polymerization process. This method is a styrene monomer, initiator, dispersing agent, water, blowing agent and other auxiliaries to join reactor, the polymer containing a foaming agent, after the resin particles by washing, centrifugal separation and drying, the system may be made of polystyrene beads products; in this section based on the polymer material balance, heat balance, equipment selection, the mapping of control points with the flow chart, diagram and layout of piping plans and the preparation of the design specification and calculation of the book.
Key Words：Expandable PolyStyrene；Suspension Technique;Craft calculation；Technological design
目录
摘要........................................................... I 第1章前言.. (VI)
1.1概述 (VI)
1.2国际EPS供需现状 (VI)
1.3国内EPS现状 (VII)
1.4前景展望................................................... VII 第2章EPS概述. (VIII)
2.1发泡聚苯乙烯 (VIII)
2.2发泡聚苯乙烯基本性能 .................................... IX 2.2.1力学性能...................................................... IX 2.2.2绝热性能...................................................... IX 2.2.3化学性能....................................................... X 2.2.4应用范围....................................................... X 第3章合成工艺.. (XI)
3.1工艺原理.................................................... XI 3.1.1实施方案...................................................... XI 3.1.2工艺路
线...................................................... XI 3.1.3工艺流程...................................................... XI 3.1.4反应原理 (XI)
3.2发泡聚苯乙烯技术工艺比较.............................. XII 3.2.1塔式本体聚合技术 (XII)
3.2.2添加少量溶剂的单釜连续本体聚合技术.................. XII 3.2.3苯乙烯的悬浮聚合......................................... XIII 3.2.4苯乙烯种子法悬浮聚合 (XIII)
3.3发泡聚苯乙烯生产工艺 .................................. XIII 3.3.1一步法聚合工艺............................................ XIII 3.3.2二步法聚合工艺............................................. XIV 3.3.3一步法工艺与二步法工艺的比较.. (XIV)
3.4聚合工艺介绍.............................................. XIV 3.
4.1发泡聚苯乙烯工艺配比...................................... XV 3.4.2工艺路线图................................................... XV 3.4.3操作流程..................................................... XVI 3.4.4影响因素..................................................... XVI 第4章物料衡算 (XVII)
4.1计算依据 (XVII)
4.2聚合工段物料衡算........................................ XVII 4.2.1进料阶段................................................... XVIII 4.2.2出料阶段................................................... XVIII 第5章聚合工段热量衡算 (XIX)
5.1显热计算 (XX)
5.2聚合热...................................................... XXI 5.3聚合釜的搅拌热.. (XXI)
5.4热量损失 (XXI)
第6章设备计算 (XXII)
6.1聚合釜的设计............................................. XXII 6.1.1聚合基本数据.............................................. XXII 6.1.2聚合釜容积确
定............................................ XXII 6.1.3聚合釜的选型原则......................................... XXIII 6.1.4釜的选择................................................... XXIII 6.1.5聚合釜搅拌器的设计........................ 错误！未定义书签。

6.2泵的计算.................................... 错误！未定义书签。

6.2.1计算依据...................................... 错误！未定义书签。

6.2.2管内流速的计算.............................. 错误！未定义书签。

6.2.3直管阻力和局部阻力损失的计算........... 错误！未定义书签。

6.2.4泵的选型 (XXIV)
6.3换热器的设计............................... 错误！未定义书签。

6.3.1设计依据...................................... 错误！未定义书签。

6.3.2计算总传热系数.............................. 错误！未定义书签。

6.3.3计算传热面积................................ 错误！未定义书签。

6.3.4工艺结构尺寸................................ 错误！未定义书签。

结论........................................................... XXIV 参考文献 (XXV)。