博物馆陈列空间的展示设计研究

山东轻工业学院

硕士学位论文

博物馆陈列空间的展示设计研究

姓名：毕文娣

申请学位级别：硕士

专业：设计艺术学

指导教师：李远

2011

摘要

博物馆陈列空间的展示设计是一门综合性的空间艺术，是一项创造性的活动，可以是展示设计业的重要组成部分。它是一种文化交流和保存、研究文化遗产的特殊展览空间，囊括了所有的造型艺术手段（绘画、雕塑、工艺美术、建筑艺术等），在设计时要求做到的是陈列内容和展示设计的艺术形式高度统一、科学与技术的完美结合，所以对博物馆陈列空间的展示设计艺术的研究是以设计艺术学为主导，同时包含博物馆学、传播学、心理学、建筑学、人机工程学、美学等的交叉性学科。要做好博物馆陈列空间的展示设计，需要对博物馆的整个发展历程有较清晰的了解。

博物馆陈列空间的展示设计是对空间的创作过程，其本质也是一种配合演出的设计，所设计的展示装置本身是否精彩并不是重点，而是展示道具、展示装置完成后，被展示的物件或概念是否因此而精彩才是重点。世界上第一个博物馆始建于何时也没办法清晰考证，但是现代博物馆的历史可以追溯到1793年的法兰西共和国的自然历史陈列馆(也就是现在的法国卢浮宫)。这便是第一座现代博物馆。虽然博物馆的出现比较早，但职能化的博物馆的出现却是近一个多世纪的事。19世纪下半叶，西方的一些国家开始出现专门的博物馆，这是随着工业革命的深入，一批兼有收藏、科研、教育三种功能的现代博物馆在欧美等西方国家普遍发展起来的结果。此时博物馆己经把展览空间从保管与办公室等附属空间中区分出来，并且兼顾到展览路线和采光照明、通风、防火、安全等各方面的要求。但是其设计思想只是孤立地、单纯地关注收藏、展出活动，并没有对展览中信息的传播方式、传播途径、传播艺术等进行有针对性的研究。哪里有需求，哪里就会有发展，随着社会的发展，人们对于美的追求，对于精神文化的需要，是现代博物馆发展的动力，也是促使博物馆陈列空间展示设计发展的直接因素之一。而展示设计的好坏也直接影响到博物馆陈列空间展品的展示效果，从而决定整个陈列空间的艺术效果。

本文在分析时遵从这样一条主线：what——why——how。研究对象是博物馆的陈列空间，切入点也是博物馆的陈列空间，所以，研究探讨的目的就是为了将展示设计的诸多形式要素等更好的运用到博物馆陈列空间当中去，融入现代陈列艺术（音响、VR虚拟现实技术、多媒体技术等）丰富其表现手段、拓展知识信息的输出量。

关键词：博物馆；陈列空间；展示设计；形式要素

ABSTRACT

Museum exhibition design of display space is a comprehensive space art, a creative activity and can be an important part of the design industry. It is a cultural exchange and preservation of the cultural heritage of the special exhibition space, include the means of all the plastic arts (painting, sculpture, crafts, architecture, etc.), in the design requirements to do is to display content and display design high degree of unity of art forms, the perfect combination of science and technology, so the museum exhibition design of display space is the design-oriented art, also includes museology, communication, psychology, architecture, ergonomics , the intersection of aesthetics and other subjects. To design the museum display space, need to understand the entire development process of the museum and have a more clear understanding.

Design Museum exhibition display space is a process to creative the space, by its very nature is a design with the performance, the design of the display device itself is not the focus of wonderful, but display props, display device is completed, the object to be displayed or concept is therefore exciting is the key. The world's first museum was founded in research when there is no way clear, but the modern museum dates back to 1793, the Museum of Natural History of the French Republic (which is now the French Louvre). This is the first modern museum. While the earlier emergence of the museum, but the functions of the museum has, however, the last thing more than a century. Half of the 19th century, Western countries began to specialized museums, this is the deepening of the industrial revolution, a group of both collections, research, education, three functions of the modern museum in Europe and other developed Western countries, the results generally . At this time the museum had the exhibition space from storage and ancillary office space, distinguish and take into account routes and lighting exhibition lighting, ventilation, fire prevention, safety and other requirements. But the design is in isolation, simply concerned about the collection, exhibition activities, and there is no information on the exhibition in the mode of transmission, transmission, communication arts, targeted research. Where there is demand, where there will be development, with the development of society, people's pursuit of beauty, for spiritual and cultural needs of the dynamic development of the modern museum is designed to promote the development of the museum exhibition space show a direct factor. Display of design quality has a direct impact to the museum exhibits on display showing the effect of space to determine the artistic effect of the entire display space.

Based on the analysis, comply with such a thread: what - why - how. Study is the museum's exhibition space, an entry point is the museum's exhibition space, so the purpose is to study the design will showcase the many forms of elements such as better use of them to the museum display space to go into the display of modern art (sound , VR virtual reality technology, multimedia technology, etc.) to enrich their means of expression, expanding the knowledge and information output.

Keywords: museum; display space; exhibition design; form factor