高考英语常用同近义词词汇辨析2

高考英语常用同近义词词汇辨析2

◆ catch sb．doing sth；be (get) caught in sth．

◇ catch sb．doing sth．作“碰（遇）上某人正在做某事”解。例如：

The policeman caught two men fighting in the street．警察碰见两个人在街上打架。The man was caught stealing the apples．那人偷苹果时，被当场发现。

◇ be (get) caught in sth．“遇上……而受阻”之意。例如：

I got caught in the traffic．我因交通堵塞而受阻。

I was caught in a storm on my way to school．我在去学校的路上遇到了暴雨。

◆ care about; care for; care; care to ◇ care about“关心；计较；在乎”，指由于某事重要，或因责任所在而关心计较，一般用于否定句。如：He doesn't care about his clothes．他不讲究衣着。I don't care about going there．去不去那里，我无所谓。◇ care for“关心；照料；喜欢；愿意”。作“关心；照料”讲，一般用于肯定句或疑问句。如：Who will care for your children when you are away﹖你离开期间谁照顾你的孩子？How the Party cares for us! 党是多么关心我们啊！Would you care for a walk? 你愿意去散步吗？He cares more for fine new clothes than for anything else．他喜爱漂亮的新衣胜于其他的一切。◇ care还可作及物动词，但其后通常接从句。如：I don't care who you are．我不管你是谁。I don't care what you say．不论你说什么，我都不在乎。◇ care to“愿意，欲望”，后接动词原形。如：I don’t care to go there．我不愿意去那里。

◆ carry off; carry away; carry out ◇ 表示“运走”；“掠走”，用carry off或carry away 均可。但两者也有不同之处：carry off可表示“夺得”某种奖赏；carry away可表示“吸引住”。如：After destroying the village, the enemy carried off／away all the cattle．在毁掉村子之后，敌人把牲畜都掠走了。I carried off the first prize．我获得了头等奖。We were carried away by her songs．她的歌声令我们浑然忘我。◇ carry out的意思是“搬

出（某物）”；“履行（计划或义务等）”。如：Would you please carry out the desk into the garden﹖请你把桌子搬到花园里去好吗？You must carry out your duty．你必须履行你的职责。

◆ carry out; carry on

◇ 注意两者的区别：carry out意为“执行、实行”；carry on表示“（继续）进行、进行下去”，强调坚持。如：

The group of soldiers carried out a secret military action the other day．

几天前，这群士兵执行了一次秘密的军事行动。

Comrades in Germany were carrying on a heroic fight against war under conditions of fascism at that time．

那时，在德国的同志正在法西斯的统治区进行一场英勇的反战斗争。

◆ cause; reason; excuse

◇ cause意为“起因”、“原因”，指引起某种结果的必然原因，即主要事实方面的原因，常和effect连用，表示因果关系。如：

I don’t know the cause and effect．我不知道此事的前因后果。

The cause of the fire was carelessness．失火的原因是粗心大意。

◇ reason意为“理由”、“原因”，指用以解释某些已发生的事情的理由或借口，这种理由可能是也可能不是真正的理由，强调逻辑推理方面的理由。如：

There are many reasons for animals dying out．动物的绝种有许多原因。

Tell us your reason for changing the plan．告诉我们你改变计划的原因。

◇ excuse指为免受指责和推卸责任而找的“理由”、“原因” 也就是我们常说的“借口”。如：Too much work is no excuse for absence．工作太忙不能成为缺席的理由。

I haven’t done the work well，my excuse is that I have been ill．我没把工作做好，

我的理由是我病了。

◆ cheer／greet／welcome◇ cheer意为“欢呼”，侧重表示高声呼叫以示欢迎，强调气氛的活跃，常含鼓励之意。如：The boys cheered their football team．孩子们为他们的足球队喝彩。◇ greet表示用语言、行动等“迎接”，常含“友好、热情、亲切”之意。如：We greeted our guests at the gate．我们在大门口迎接客人。◇ welcome常表示“欢迎新人、新事、新主张”等。如：We welcome the new ideas．我们欢迎新思想。

◆ clear away, clear up, clear off ◇ clear away表示“清除掉”、“收拾掉”、“散掉”、“消散”；clear up表示“露出（喜色）”、“（天气）放晴”、“清理”、“整理”；clear off表示“走开”、“离开”。

[EXERCISES]

1) We must ＿＿＿＿such ideas among ourselves．2) She ＿＿＿＿her desk before she moved to another school．3) The sky looks as if it would ＿＿＿＿soon．4) ＿＿＿＿before I call the police．5) His face ＿＿＿＿when he read the letter．Key: 1) clear away 2) cleared up 3) clear up 4) Clear off 5) cleared up ◆ close；closely ◇ close, cl osely这两个词都可以用作副词，close表示“靠近”、“紧紧地”，closely则表示“紧密地”、“严密地”、“密切地”。如：

1) I went closer, and saw clearly a tall man in the moonlight．

2) Come close, I want to tell you something important．

3) The policeman followed the strange man closely．

4) The scientists got closely in touch with the astronauts．

◆ come up; come on; come out